In order to investigate the ameliorative potential of L-ascorbic
acid on intensive swimming exer... more In order to investigate the ameliorative potential of L-ascorbic
acid on intensive swimming exercise induced testicular
oxidative stress, 18 Wistar male rats (age: 3 months, weight:
127.5 ± 5.3 g) were randomly divided into the following
groups: (i) control group (CG, n = 6); (ii) experimental group
(EG, n = 6); and (iii) supplemented group (SG, n = 6). An
exercise protocol of 3 h swimming per day, five days per week
was followed for 6 weeks in EG and SG with no exercise in
CG. In SG, L-ascorbic acid was supplied orally at a dose of
25-mg/kg of bodyweight each day for 6 weeks. A significant
decrease (P < 0.05) was noted in paired testicular weights,
epididymal sperm count, testicular Δ5, 3β-hydroxyseroid
dehydrogenase, 17β-hydroxyseroid dehydrogenase, plasma
levels of testosterone luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating
hormone, prolactin, the numbers of preleptotine spermatocytes,
midpachytene spermatocytes and stage 7 spermatids
of stage VII seminiferous epithelium cycle in EG when
compared with CG. A significant elevation (P < 0.05) in plasma
corticosterone and testicular content of malondialdehyde
along with a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in glutathione,
ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, superoxide dismutase, catalase
and glutathione-peroxidase, and glutathione-S-transferase
were noted in testes of EG compared with CG. No significant
change was noted in final bodyweight or numbers of spermatogonia-
A among the groups. Furthermore, L-ascorbic acid
supplementation restored the above parameters to the control
level.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that intensive swimming
exercise induced oxidative stress causes dysfunctions in the male
reproductive system, which can be protected by L-ascorbic
acid. (Reprod Med Biol 2006; 5: 145–153)
Body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness reflect the overall capacity to carry out exercise... more Body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness reflect the overall capacity to carry out exercise. The present study was undertaken to investigate the body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness of the tribal and non-tribal children of 10-16 yrs age group, in order to identify sports talent. Three fifty (350) male children between 10-16 yrs volunteered for this study. The children were divided into 2 groups(a) tribal (n=175) and (b) non-tribal (n=175); and again divided into 7 sub-groups (25 children in each group): (i) 10 yrs, (ii) 11 yrs, (iii) 12 yrs, (iv) 13 yrs, (v) 14 yrs, (vi) 15 yrs, (vii) 16 yrs. The anthropometric and physical fitness variables were measured for each group. ANOVA followed by multiple comparison tests were performed to find out the significant difference among the variables. A higher (P<0.05) body mass, waist hip ratio (WHR), mid upper arm circumference (MUAC), body fat and reaction time; and lower (P<0.05) VO2max, FVC, FEV1 and PEFR were observed ...
Introduction: Physical inactivity and stressful condition reduces the fitness level which may lea... more Introduction: Physical inactivity and stressful condition reduces the fitness level which may lead to cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Objectives: To study the effects of yoga on body composition, cardiovascular parameters and lipid profile on healthy adult males. Methods: A total of 60 healthy male volunteers within the age group of 18-24 years were included and were divided into two groups: (a) Control Group (N=30) and Experimental Group (N=30). Yoga training was given for 60 min per day, 06 days per week for 12 weeks in the experimental group. In the control group no yoga training was given. Assessment of body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and lipid profile were performed in both the groups before yoga training (0 week) and after the training (12 weeks). Results: Significant reduction (P<0.05) in percentage of body fat, systolic blood pressure, resting heart rate, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were noted...
Purpose of the study was to find out the effect of training on selected morphological, physiologi... more Purpose of the study was to find out the effect of training on selected morphological, physiological and biochemical variables of under 23 years soccer players. A total of 30 Indian male under 23 years soccer players (U23, age: 19.00-22.99 yr, mean age: 20.9 ± 1.0 yr playing for last 8-11 years) volunteered for this study. The training sessions were divided into 2 phases (i) Preparatory Phase (PP, 8 weeks) and (ii) Competitive Phase (CP, 4 weeks). The training programme consist of aerobic, anaerobic and skill development, and were completed 4 hrs/day; 5 days/week. Selected morphological, physiological and biochemical variables were measured at zero level (baseline data, BD) and at the end of PP and CP. A significant increase (P<0.05) in VO2max, anaerobic power, grip and back strength, urea and uric acid levels; and a decrease (P<0.05) in percent body fat, hemoglobin, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels have been noted in PP and CP when compare to BD. However, no signifi...
The present study was aimed to find out the effects of yoga on body composition and cardio-pulmon... more The present study was aimed to find out the effects of yoga on body composition and cardio-pulmonary functions on young healthy female volunteers. For this purpose eighty one healthy female volunteers (age 16–18 yrs) were screened randomly from Midnapore District, West Bengal, India. All the volunteers went through a medical examination performed by Physicians. Twenty one volunteers were excluded and the remaining sixty (n = 60) volunteers were randomly divided into two groups: (a) Yoga Group (n = 30) and (b) Control Group (n = 30). Yoga training 60 min/d, 06 d/wk for 12 wks was followed in yoga group with no yoga training in control group. Significant reduction (P<0.05) in body fat, body mass, BMI, SBP, RHR and RR; and increase (P<0.05) in FVC, FEV1, PEFR, MVV and BHT were noted in the yoga group after 12 weeks of yoga training when compared to baseline data. Further, the control group had significantly (P<0.05) higher body fat, total fat mass, body mass, SBP, RHR and RR; ...
Use of hand anthropometric data can help in the proper designing of equipment for better efficien... more Use of hand anthropometric data can help in the proper designing of equipment for better efficiency and more human comfort. In present study different hand dimensions of right and left hand of the agricultural workers (Male: 200; Female: 204) have been collected from West Bengal state, Eastern India. Eight hand dimensions have been identified which were considered more useful for designing agrcultural hand tools. It has noted that there were significant differences (P<0.001) in hand measurements between right and left hands as well as between male and female agricultural workers. However, the percentage of differences in the measurements between right and left hands was small (0.10% to 3.49%) than those between men and women (7.1% to 11.96%) Percentile values (5th, 50th, 95th) of the anthropometric dimensions were computed separately for men and women. The agricultural hand tools can be designed for male and female workers separately using these percentile values. However, it was the common practice of the worker to use the same hand tools by the both sexes. Therefore , percentile values for the hand dimensions were also computed considering the men and women as a single group. The hand dimensions of the subjects of present study were compared with the farmers of central part of India. Some proportions of hand dimensions were also computed.
American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 2014
Sports talent may be identified from young children when they show interest in different sports. ... more Sports talent may be identified from young children when they show interest in different sports. Anthropometric, physical, cardiorespiratory fitness and lipids profiles contribute to selection procedures. The present study was undertaken to investigate the anthropometric, physical, cardiorespiratiory fitness and lipids and lipoprotein profiles of 10-16 yrs children, in order to identify sports talent in them. A total of 225 male children of 10-16 yrs age volunteered for this study; were divided equally into 3 groups (i) Prepubertal (age-11.0 ± 0.8yrs, n=75); (ii) Pubertal (age 13.5 ± 0.5 yrs, n=75); (iii) Postpubertal (age 15.5 ± 0.5 yrs, n=75). Selected anthropometric, physical and cardiorespiratiory fitness variables were measured for each group. A significantly (P<0.05) greater height, body mass, BSA, LBM, mid upper arm circumference, hip and trunk flexibility, grip strengths, abdominal strength, elastic leg strength, maximum speed, peak power, VO 2max , FVC, FEV1, PEFR, blood pressure and serum HDL-C level were observed in Postpubertal children when compared to Prepubertal and Pubertal children. However, a significantly (P<0.05) lower percent body fat, reaction time, maximal heart rate, recovery heart rates and serum triglyceride level were noted in Postpubertal children when compared to Prepubertal and Pubertal children. The waist-hip ratio of pubertal children was noted significantly higher (P<0.05) when compared to prepubertal and postpurbertal children. No significant change was reported in BMI, resting heart rate, serum total cholesterol and LDL-C levels among the groups. Identification of children at early stage of their growth and development may produce elite athletes in the future. Talent identification also can be used as a counseling technique that helps to discover and explore areas of talent for particular athletes.
The aim of study was to investigate the effect of training on selected anthropometric, physiologi... more The aim of study was to investigate the effect of training on selected anthropometric, physiological and biochemical variables of Indian under 23 year field hockey players. A total of 30 male field hockey players (age: 19.00-22.99 years; mean age: 20.9 ± 1.0 yr) volunteered for this study. The training sessions were divided into 2 phases (a) Preparatory Phase (PP, 8 weeks) and (b) Competitive Phase (CP, 4 weeks). The training programme consist of aerobic, anaerobic and skill development, and were completed 4 hrs/day; 5 days/week. Selected variables were measured at zero level (baseline data, BD) and at the end of PP and CP.A significant (P<0.05) reduction in percent body fat, recovery heart rate, hemoglobin, total cholesterol, triglyceride; and significant (P<0.05) increase in anaerobic power, back and grip strength, serum urea, serum uric acid, HDLC level were noted among the players after the training. However, no significant difference was observed in stature, body mass and LBM, maximal heart rate (HRmax), VO 2max and LDLC level among the players after the training. Since the data on field hockey players are limited in India, the present study may provide useful information to the coaches to develop their training programme.
Creatine has beneficial effect on strength training athletes, but it is not clear whether it has ... more Creatine has beneficial effect on strength training athletes, but it is not clear whether it has any effect on endurance sport. Present study has been designed to investigate the effect of creatine supplementation on cardiovascular adaptation to sub maximal exercise and endurance performance. A total of 60 male athletes (age range 16-19 years) were selected and randomly divided into experimental group (EG, n = 30) and control group (CG, n = 30) and supplemented with 5 g per day of creatine monohydrate (CrM) and moltodextrine, respectively for 4 weeks. A treadmill test was performed to determine the heart rate responses to sub maximal exercise and maximal endurance performance. Blood lactate was measured at the end of exercise. Body mass, body fat and fat free mass were also measured. Repeated measure ANOA followed by t-test was applied to analyze the data. Significant decreases in heart rates were noted in the experimental group during sub maximal exercise when compared to the control group. Moreover, the maximal endurance time was increase in the experimental group after supplementation of CrM when compared to control group. However, no significant change has been observed in resting heart, maximal heart rate, recovery heart rate, body mass, body fat, fat free mass and blood lactate level.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of training on anthropometric, physiological... more The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of training on anthropometric, physiological and biochemical variables of Indian under 19 year field hockey players. a total of 30 male field hockey players (u19, age: 16.00-18.99 yr, 17.7 ± 0.5 yr) volunteered for this study. The training sessions were divided into 2 phases (a) Preparatory Phase (PP, 8 weeks) and (b) Competitive Phase (CP, 4 weeks). The training programme consist of aerobic, anaerobic and skill development, and were completed 4 hrs/day; 5 days/week. selected variables were measured at zero level (baseline data, BD) and at the end of PP and CP. a significant (P<0.05) reduction in body fat, recovery heart rate, hemoglobin, total cholesterol, lDlC; and significant (P<0.05) increase in lBM, VO 2max , anaerobic power, back and grip strength, serum urea, serum uric acid, hDlC level were noted among the players after the training. however, no significant difference was observed in stature, body mass, maximal heart rate (hrmax), and triglyceride level of the players after the training. The present study may provide useful information to the scientist and coaches to develop their training programme for the young field hockey players.
Purpose: To find out the effect of training on selected physiological and biochemical variables o... more Purpose: To find out the effect of training on selected physiological and biochemical variables of Indian soccer players of different age groups. Methods: A total of 120 soccer players volunteered for the study, were divided (n=30) into 4 groups: (i) under 16 years (U16), (ii) under 19 years (U19), (iii) under 23 years (U23), (iv) senior (SR). The training sessions were divided into 2 phases (a) Preparatory Phase (PP, 8 weeks) and (b) Competitive Phase (CP, 4 weeks). The training program consisted of aerobic, anaerobic and skill development, and were completed 4 hrs/day; 5 days/week. Selected physiological and biochemical variables were measured at zero level (baseline data, BD) and at the end of PP and CP. Results: A significant increase (P<0.05) in lean body mass (LBM), VO 2max , anaerobic power, grip and back strength, urea, uric acid and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C); and a significant decrease (P<0.05) in body fat, hemoglobin (Hb), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were detected in some groups in PP and CP phases of the training when compare to BD. However, no significant change was found in body mass and maximal heart rate of the players after the training program. Conclusion: This study would provide useful information for training and selection of soccer players of different age groups.
American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, Mar 5, 2015
Physical characteristics and body composition have been known to be fundamental to excellence in ... more Physical characteristics and body composition have been known to be fundamental to excellence in athletic performance. Specific athletic events require different body types and weights for maximal performance. Therefore determination of body constitution and fitness status of an athlete is very important for producing maximal performance. With growth of children and adolescents there is a change in body composition parameters and the gender difference becomes more pronounced. Soccer playing and sprinting are the popular playing events. Both of them require fast body movements and therefore receiving training on these games may have some impact on body constitution and eventually on fitness status. A study was undertaken, in this backdrop, on randomly selected male adolescents of age range 12-18 years, receiving training in football (n1 = 36) and in sprinting (n2 = 32), the inclusion criterion being that the volunteers for the study should be receiving training for at least a period of 3 years with no chronic disease history. It has been observed that male adolescent individuals receiving similar pattern of training in football and sprinting did not vary significantly in terms of body composition but those being trained in football having better fitness status, compared to their sprinter counterparts.
Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity, 2011
The present study aims to find out the training induced changes on different physiological and bi... more The present study aims to find out the training induced changes on different physiological and biochemical parameters in young Indian soccer players. A total of 30 Indian male soccer players (age range 14-16 yrs) regularly playing competitive soccer were selected, a training programme consist of 6 wks and 12 wks of training was employed, and the effects were studied on different morphological, physiological and biochemical variables. Results showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in body fat, and a significant increase (P<0.05) in LBM following the training programme. Strength of back and hand grip muscles were also increased significantly (P<0.05) after the training. Moreover, significant reduction in heart rates during rest, sub-maximal exercise, maximal exercise and recovery were noted following the training. Further, significant increase (P<0.05) in aerobic capacity and anaerobic power were observed after the training. Significant reduction (P<0.05) in haemoglobin, total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDLC were noted after the training. A significant increase in serum urea, uric acid and HDLC were noted after training. Since the data on the soccer players are limited in India therefore, the present study may provide useful information to the coaches to develop their training programme.
The present study was conducted to study the morphological, physiological and biochemical charact... more The present study was conducted to study the morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of Indian National boxers as well as to assess the cardiovascular adaptation to graded exercise and actual boxing round. Two different studies were conducted. In the first study [N = 60, (junior boxers below-19 yrs, n = 30), (senior boxers-20-25 yrs, n = 30)] different morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters were measured. In the second study (N = 21, Light Weight category- <54 kg, n = 7; Medium weight category <64 kg, n = 7 and Medium heavy weight category <75 kg, n = 7) cardiovascular responses were studied during graded exercise protocol and actual boxing bouts. Results showed a significantly higher (p < 0.05) stature, body mass, LBM, body fat and strength of back and grip in senior boxers compared to juniors. Moreover, the senior boxers possessed mesomorphic body conformation where as the juniors' possessed ectomorphic body conformation. Signi...
Carbohydrate-electrolyte drink has a significant role on energy balance during exercise. The pres... more Carbohydrate-electrolyte drink has a significant role on energy balance during exercise. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of oral carbohydrate-electrolyte supplementation on sports performance and cardiovascular status of the national level male athletes during exercise and recovery. A total of 10 male athletes (age range: 20-25 yr) were selected. The experiment was performed in laboratory (25 degrees C and 60% relative humidity) in two phases; phase 1 - no supplementation, and phase 2 - a 5 g per cent carbohydrate-electrolyte drink was given orally during exercise and a 12.5 g per cent carbohydrate-electrolyte drink during recovery. Subjects performed an exercise test at 70 per cent of VO(2)max. Performance time, heart rate during exercise and recovery were noted, blood samples were collected during exercise and recovery for the analysis of glucose and lactate levels in both the phases. Significant improvements were noted in total endurance time, heart rate ...
Swimming exercise for 1, 2 and 3 hr for 5 days/week for consecutive 4 weeks, results in a signifi... more Swimming exercise for 1, 2 and 3 hr for 5 days/week for consecutive 4 weeks, results in a significant reduction in testicular, epididymal, prostetic, seminal vesicle somatic indices; epididymal sperm count, sperm motility; preleptotine spermatocytes, mid pachytene spermatocytes and stage 7 spermatids; plasma levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone; testicular delta5, 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; testicular superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-s-transferase and glutathione along with significant elevation in malondialdehyde in male albino rats. However, no significant change was noted in final body weight, spermatogonia-A and plasma level of follicle stimulating hormone. The results that oxidative stress develops with the increasing of exercise intensity, which may interfere in male reproductive activities.
Western Australia Coastal Shark Bites: A Risk Assessment Western Australia (WA) recently enacted ... more Western Australia Coastal Shark Bites: A Risk Assessment Western Australia (WA) recently enacted a controversial policy aimed at reducing the number of large sharks caught in the coastal waters off the southwest WA and Perth metropolitan coasts; however, there has been little published information regarding risk reduction strategies. The goal of the current study was to evaluate factors contributing to the cluster of shark bite fatalities and to estimate risks associated with recreational water activities off WA coasts. This observational study analyzed data from the Global Shark Attack File from 1974 to 2013 and included bites from large (43 m) white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias). Measured factors included shark population growth, prey availability, water temperature, and water activity participation. After reviewing 65 records from 1974 to 2013, it was found that the shark bites for coastal WA have grown more than 30% every 5 years for 40 years. There were 12 fatalities during this period, 10 of which were attributed to large white sharks. More than two thirds of the bites of large white sharks occurred in the winter or spring and correlated with increasing humpback whale migration into the coastal region of WA. Despite an overall increase in fatal and total reported shark bites in WA, the risk for onshore bathers outside of Perth (the capital city of WA) has remained extremely low, especially when compared to daily recreational activities such as cycling. Higher risk activities included offshore diving and surf sports in south/ southwest WA coasts. The authors conclude that the risk of a large white shark bite will continue to rise as whale abundance increases off the WA coast; however, the risk for recreational beach visitors close to shore remains extremely low.
Journal of PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY and Applied Human Science, 2001
Using footwear often becomes troublesome and creates many problems. Most of these problems are as... more Using footwear often becomes troublesome and creates many problems. Most of these problems are associated with the wearing of ill-fitting footwear, as it leads to biomechanical imbalance and ultimately give rise to different foot problems. In the present investigation different foot problems, viz., discomfort, pain and other hazards related to the use of footwear have been evaluated and attempts have been made to study different foot dimensions of men and women that are related to the design of footwear. For the present study different foot dimensions of both right and left feet of the subjects were measured on 300 Bengalee (Indian) subjects having the age range of 20-35 years. The subjects reported that they had got discomfort, pain, blister and corn due to using different footwear. It was noted that the occurrence of these problems in right foot was greater than that in left foot. There was no significant correlation between foot troubles and type of footwear. Results also showed that there was no significant difference in most of the foot dimensions between left foot and right foot. However, significant difference (P<0.001) in all foot dimensions was observed between male and female subjects. Correlation coefficient among different foot dimensions has also been evaluated and it was noted that foot length was highly correlated with stature and foot volume, particularly in left foot. Footwear should be made according to the foot dimensions of the user population. The database collected from the Bengalee (Indian) population may be a helpful guide for manufacturing different footwear.
In order to investigate the ameliorative potential of L-ascorbic
acid on intensive swimming exer... more In order to investigate the ameliorative potential of L-ascorbic
acid on intensive swimming exercise induced testicular
oxidative stress, 18 Wistar male rats (age: 3 months, weight:
127.5 ± 5.3 g) were randomly divided into the following
groups: (i) control group (CG, n = 6); (ii) experimental group
(EG, n = 6); and (iii) supplemented group (SG, n = 6). An
exercise protocol of 3 h swimming per day, five days per week
was followed for 6 weeks in EG and SG with no exercise in
CG. In SG, L-ascorbic acid was supplied orally at a dose of
25-mg/kg of bodyweight each day for 6 weeks. A significant
decrease (P < 0.05) was noted in paired testicular weights,
epididymal sperm count, testicular Δ5, 3β-hydroxyseroid
dehydrogenase, 17β-hydroxyseroid dehydrogenase, plasma
levels of testosterone luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating
hormone, prolactin, the numbers of preleptotine spermatocytes,
midpachytene spermatocytes and stage 7 spermatids
of stage VII seminiferous epithelium cycle in EG when
compared with CG. A significant elevation (P < 0.05) in plasma
corticosterone and testicular content of malondialdehyde
along with a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in glutathione,
ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, superoxide dismutase, catalase
and glutathione-peroxidase, and glutathione-S-transferase
were noted in testes of EG compared with CG. No significant
change was noted in final bodyweight or numbers of spermatogonia-
A among the groups. Furthermore, L-ascorbic acid
supplementation restored the above parameters to the control
level.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that intensive swimming
exercise induced oxidative stress causes dysfunctions in the male
reproductive system, which can be protected by L-ascorbic
acid. (Reprod Med Biol 2006; 5: 145–153)
Body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness reflect the overall capacity to carry out exercise... more Body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness reflect the overall capacity to carry out exercise. The present study was undertaken to investigate the body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness of the tribal and non-tribal children of 10-16 yrs age group, in order to identify sports talent. Three fifty (350) male children between 10-16 yrs volunteered for this study. The children were divided into 2 groups(a) tribal (n=175) and (b) non-tribal (n=175); and again divided into 7 sub-groups (25 children in each group): (i) 10 yrs, (ii) 11 yrs, (iii) 12 yrs, (iv) 13 yrs, (v) 14 yrs, (vi) 15 yrs, (vii) 16 yrs. The anthropometric and physical fitness variables were measured for each group. ANOVA followed by multiple comparison tests were performed to find out the significant difference among the variables. A higher (P<0.05) body mass, waist hip ratio (WHR), mid upper arm circumference (MUAC), body fat and reaction time; and lower (P<0.05) VO2max, FVC, FEV1 and PEFR were observed ...
Introduction: Physical inactivity and stressful condition reduces the fitness level which may lea... more Introduction: Physical inactivity and stressful condition reduces the fitness level which may lead to cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Objectives: To study the effects of yoga on body composition, cardiovascular parameters and lipid profile on healthy adult males. Methods: A total of 60 healthy male volunteers within the age group of 18-24 years were included and were divided into two groups: (a) Control Group (N=30) and Experimental Group (N=30). Yoga training was given for 60 min per day, 06 days per week for 12 weeks in the experimental group. In the control group no yoga training was given. Assessment of body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and lipid profile were performed in both the groups before yoga training (0 week) and after the training (12 weeks). Results: Significant reduction (P<0.05) in percentage of body fat, systolic blood pressure, resting heart rate, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were noted...
Purpose of the study was to find out the effect of training on selected morphological, physiologi... more Purpose of the study was to find out the effect of training on selected morphological, physiological and biochemical variables of under 23 years soccer players. A total of 30 Indian male under 23 years soccer players (U23, age: 19.00-22.99 yr, mean age: 20.9 ± 1.0 yr playing for last 8-11 years) volunteered for this study. The training sessions were divided into 2 phases (i) Preparatory Phase (PP, 8 weeks) and (ii) Competitive Phase (CP, 4 weeks). The training programme consist of aerobic, anaerobic and skill development, and were completed 4 hrs/day; 5 days/week. Selected morphological, physiological and biochemical variables were measured at zero level (baseline data, BD) and at the end of PP and CP. A significant increase (P<0.05) in VO2max, anaerobic power, grip and back strength, urea and uric acid levels; and a decrease (P<0.05) in percent body fat, hemoglobin, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels have been noted in PP and CP when compare to BD. However, no signifi...
The present study was aimed to find out the effects of yoga on body composition and cardio-pulmon... more The present study was aimed to find out the effects of yoga on body composition and cardio-pulmonary functions on young healthy female volunteers. For this purpose eighty one healthy female volunteers (age 16–18 yrs) were screened randomly from Midnapore District, West Bengal, India. All the volunteers went through a medical examination performed by Physicians. Twenty one volunteers were excluded and the remaining sixty (n = 60) volunteers were randomly divided into two groups: (a) Yoga Group (n = 30) and (b) Control Group (n = 30). Yoga training 60 min/d, 06 d/wk for 12 wks was followed in yoga group with no yoga training in control group. Significant reduction (P<0.05) in body fat, body mass, BMI, SBP, RHR and RR; and increase (P<0.05) in FVC, FEV1, PEFR, MVV and BHT were noted in the yoga group after 12 weeks of yoga training when compared to baseline data. Further, the control group had significantly (P<0.05) higher body fat, total fat mass, body mass, SBP, RHR and RR; ...
Use of hand anthropometric data can help in the proper designing of equipment for better efficien... more Use of hand anthropometric data can help in the proper designing of equipment for better efficiency and more human comfort. In present study different hand dimensions of right and left hand of the agricultural workers (Male: 200; Female: 204) have been collected from West Bengal state, Eastern India. Eight hand dimensions have been identified which were considered more useful for designing agrcultural hand tools. It has noted that there were significant differences (P<0.001) in hand measurements between right and left hands as well as between male and female agricultural workers. However, the percentage of differences in the measurements between right and left hands was small (0.10% to 3.49%) than those between men and women (7.1% to 11.96%) Percentile values (5th, 50th, 95th) of the anthropometric dimensions were computed separately for men and women. The agricultural hand tools can be designed for male and female workers separately using these percentile values. However, it was the common practice of the worker to use the same hand tools by the both sexes. Therefore , percentile values for the hand dimensions were also computed considering the men and women as a single group. The hand dimensions of the subjects of present study were compared with the farmers of central part of India. Some proportions of hand dimensions were also computed.
American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 2014
Sports talent may be identified from young children when they show interest in different sports. ... more Sports talent may be identified from young children when they show interest in different sports. Anthropometric, physical, cardiorespiratory fitness and lipids profiles contribute to selection procedures. The present study was undertaken to investigate the anthropometric, physical, cardiorespiratiory fitness and lipids and lipoprotein profiles of 10-16 yrs children, in order to identify sports talent in them. A total of 225 male children of 10-16 yrs age volunteered for this study; were divided equally into 3 groups (i) Prepubertal (age-11.0 ± 0.8yrs, n=75); (ii) Pubertal (age 13.5 ± 0.5 yrs, n=75); (iii) Postpubertal (age 15.5 ± 0.5 yrs, n=75). Selected anthropometric, physical and cardiorespiratiory fitness variables were measured for each group. A significantly (P<0.05) greater height, body mass, BSA, LBM, mid upper arm circumference, hip and trunk flexibility, grip strengths, abdominal strength, elastic leg strength, maximum speed, peak power, VO 2max , FVC, FEV1, PEFR, blood pressure and serum HDL-C level were observed in Postpubertal children when compared to Prepubertal and Pubertal children. However, a significantly (P<0.05) lower percent body fat, reaction time, maximal heart rate, recovery heart rates and serum triglyceride level were noted in Postpubertal children when compared to Prepubertal and Pubertal children. The waist-hip ratio of pubertal children was noted significantly higher (P<0.05) when compared to prepubertal and postpurbertal children. No significant change was reported in BMI, resting heart rate, serum total cholesterol and LDL-C levels among the groups. Identification of children at early stage of their growth and development may produce elite athletes in the future. Talent identification also can be used as a counseling technique that helps to discover and explore areas of talent for particular athletes.
The aim of study was to investigate the effect of training on selected anthropometric, physiologi... more The aim of study was to investigate the effect of training on selected anthropometric, physiological and biochemical variables of Indian under 23 year field hockey players. A total of 30 male field hockey players (age: 19.00-22.99 years; mean age: 20.9 ± 1.0 yr) volunteered for this study. The training sessions were divided into 2 phases (a) Preparatory Phase (PP, 8 weeks) and (b) Competitive Phase (CP, 4 weeks). The training programme consist of aerobic, anaerobic and skill development, and were completed 4 hrs/day; 5 days/week. Selected variables were measured at zero level (baseline data, BD) and at the end of PP and CP.A significant (P<0.05) reduction in percent body fat, recovery heart rate, hemoglobin, total cholesterol, triglyceride; and significant (P<0.05) increase in anaerobic power, back and grip strength, serum urea, serum uric acid, HDLC level were noted among the players after the training. However, no significant difference was observed in stature, body mass and LBM, maximal heart rate (HRmax), VO 2max and LDLC level among the players after the training. Since the data on field hockey players are limited in India, the present study may provide useful information to the coaches to develop their training programme.
Creatine has beneficial effect on strength training athletes, but it is not clear whether it has ... more Creatine has beneficial effect on strength training athletes, but it is not clear whether it has any effect on endurance sport. Present study has been designed to investigate the effect of creatine supplementation on cardiovascular adaptation to sub maximal exercise and endurance performance. A total of 60 male athletes (age range 16-19 years) were selected and randomly divided into experimental group (EG, n = 30) and control group (CG, n = 30) and supplemented with 5 g per day of creatine monohydrate (CrM) and moltodextrine, respectively for 4 weeks. A treadmill test was performed to determine the heart rate responses to sub maximal exercise and maximal endurance performance. Blood lactate was measured at the end of exercise. Body mass, body fat and fat free mass were also measured. Repeated measure ANOA followed by t-test was applied to analyze the data. Significant decreases in heart rates were noted in the experimental group during sub maximal exercise when compared to the control group. Moreover, the maximal endurance time was increase in the experimental group after supplementation of CrM when compared to control group. However, no significant change has been observed in resting heart, maximal heart rate, recovery heart rate, body mass, body fat, fat free mass and blood lactate level.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of training on anthropometric, physiological... more The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of training on anthropometric, physiological and biochemical variables of Indian under 19 year field hockey players. a total of 30 male field hockey players (u19, age: 16.00-18.99 yr, 17.7 ± 0.5 yr) volunteered for this study. The training sessions were divided into 2 phases (a) Preparatory Phase (PP, 8 weeks) and (b) Competitive Phase (CP, 4 weeks). The training programme consist of aerobic, anaerobic and skill development, and were completed 4 hrs/day; 5 days/week. selected variables were measured at zero level (baseline data, BD) and at the end of PP and CP. a significant (P<0.05) reduction in body fat, recovery heart rate, hemoglobin, total cholesterol, lDlC; and significant (P<0.05) increase in lBM, VO 2max , anaerobic power, back and grip strength, serum urea, serum uric acid, hDlC level were noted among the players after the training. however, no significant difference was observed in stature, body mass, maximal heart rate (hrmax), and triglyceride level of the players after the training. The present study may provide useful information to the scientist and coaches to develop their training programme for the young field hockey players.
Purpose: To find out the effect of training on selected physiological and biochemical variables o... more Purpose: To find out the effect of training on selected physiological and biochemical variables of Indian soccer players of different age groups. Methods: A total of 120 soccer players volunteered for the study, were divided (n=30) into 4 groups: (i) under 16 years (U16), (ii) under 19 years (U19), (iii) under 23 years (U23), (iv) senior (SR). The training sessions were divided into 2 phases (a) Preparatory Phase (PP, 8 weeks) and (b) Competitive Phase (CP, 4 weeks). The training program consisted of aerobic, anaerobic and skill development, and were completed 4 hrs/day; 5 days/week. Selected physiological and biochemical variables were measured at zero level (baseline data, BD) and at the end of PP and CP. Results: A significant increase (P<0.05) in lean body mass (LBM), VO 2max , anaerobic power, grip and back strength, urea, uric acid and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C); and a significant decrease (P<0.05) in body fat, hemoglobin (Hb), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were detected in some groups in PP and CP phases of the training when compare to BD. However, no significant change was found in body mass and maximal heart rate of the players after the training program. Conclusion: This study would provide useful information for training and selection of soccer players of different age groups.
American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, Mar 5, 2015
Physical characteristics and body composition have been known to be fundamental to excellence in ... more Physical characteristics and body composition have been known to be fundamental to excellence in athletic performance. Specific athletic events require different body types and weights for maximal performance. Therefore determination of body constitution and fitness status of an athlete is very important for producing maximal performance. With growth of children and adolescents there is a change in body composition parameters and the gender difference becomes more pronounced. Soccer playing and sprinting are the popular playing events. Both of them require fast body movements and therefore receiving training on these games may have some impact on body constitution and eventually on fitness status. A study was undertaken, in this backdrop, on randomly selected male adolescents of age range 12-18 years, receiving training in football (n1 = 36) and in sprinting (n2 = 32), the inclusion criterion being that the volunteers for the study should be receiving training for at least a period of 3 years with no chronic disease history. It has been observed that male adolescent individuals receiving similar pattern of training in football and sprinting did not vary significantly in terms of body composition but those being trained in football having better fitness status, compared to their sprinter counterparts.
Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity, 2011
The present study aims to find out the training induced changes on different physiological and bi... more The present study aims to find out the training induced changes on different physiological and biochemical parameters in young Indian soccer players. A total of 30 Indian male soccer players (age range 14-16 yrs) regularly playing competitive soccer were selected, a training programme consist of 6 wks and 12 wks of training was employed, and the effects were studied on different morphological, physiological and biochemical variables. Results showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in body fat, and a significant increase (P<0.05) in LBM following the training programme. Strength of back and hand grip muscles were also increased significantly (P<0.05) after the training. Moreover, significant reduction in heart rates during rest, sub-maximal exercise, maximal exercise and recovery were noted following the training. Further, significant increase (P<0.05) in aerobic capacity and anaerobic power were observed after the training. Significant reduction (P<0.05) in haemoglobin, total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDLC were noted after the training. A significant increase in serum urea, uric acid and HDLC were noted after training. Since the data on the soccer players are limited in India therefore, the present study may provide useful information to the coaches to develop their training programme.
The present study was conducted to study the morphological, physiological and biochemical charact... more The present study was conducted to study the morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of Indian National boxers as well as to assess the cardiovascular adaptation to graded exercise and actual boxing round. Two different studies were conducted. In the first study [N = 60, (junior boxers below-19 yrs, n = 30), (senior boxers-20-25 yrs, n = 30)] different morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters were measured. In the second study (N = 21, Light Weight category- <54 kg, n = 7; Medium weight category <64 kg, n = 7 and Medium heavy weight category <75 kg, n = 7) cardiovascular responses were studied during graded exercise protocol and actual boxing bouts. Results showed a significantly higher (p < 0.05) stature, body mass, LBM, body fat and strength of back and grip in senior boxers compared to juniors. Moreover, the senior boxers possessed mesomorphic body conformation where as the juniors' possessed ectomorphic body conformation. Signi...
Carbohydrate-electrolyte drink has a significant role on energy balance during exercise. The pres... more Carbohydrate-electrolyte drink has a significant role on energy balance during exercise. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of oral carbohydrate-electrolyte supplementation on sports performance and cardiovascular status of the national level male athletes during exercise and recovery. A total of 10 male athletes (age range: 20-25 yr) were selected. The experiment was performed in laboratory (25 degrees C and 60% relative humidity) in two phases; phase 1 - no supplementation, and phase 2 - a 5 g per cent carbohydrate-electrolyte drink was given orally during exercise and a 12.5 g per cent carbohydrate-electrolyte drink during recovery. Subjects performed an exercise test at 70 per cent of VO(2)max. Performance time, heart rate during exercise and recovery were noted, blood samples were collected during exercise and recovery for the analysis of glucose and lactate levels in both the phases. Significant improvements were noted in total endurance time, heart rate ...
Swimming exercise for 1, 2 and 3 hr for 5 days/week for consecutive 4 weeks, results in a signifi... more Swimming exercise for 1, 2 and 3 hr for 5 days/week for consecutive 4 weeks, results in a significant reduction in testicular, epididymal, prostetic, seminal vesicle somatic indices; epididymal sperm count, sperm motility; preleptotine spermatocytes, mid pachytene spermatocytes and stage 7 spermatids; plasma levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone; testicular delta5, 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; testicular superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-s-transferase and glutathione along with significant elevation in malondialdehyde in male albino rats. However, no significant change was noted in final body weight, spermatogonia-A and plasma level of follicle stimulating hormone. The results that oxidative stress develops with the increasing of exercise intensity, which may interfere in male reproductive activities.
Western Australia Coastal Shark Bites: A Risk Assessment Western Australia (WA) recently enacted ... more Western Australia Coastal Shark Bites: A Risk Assessment Western Australia (WA) recently enacted a controversial policy aimed at reducing the number of large sharks caught in the coastal waters off the southwest WA and Perth metropolitan coasts; however, there has been little published information regarding risk reduction strategies. The goal of the current study was to evaluate factors contributing to the cluster of shark bite fatalities and to estimate risks associated with recreational water activities off WA coasts. This observational study analyzed data from the Global Shark Attack File from 1974 to 2013 and included bites from large (43 m) white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias). Measured factors included shark population growth, prey availability, water temperature, and water activity participation. After reviewing 65 records from 1974 to 2013, it was found that the shark bites for coastal WA have grown more than 30% every 5 years for 40 years. There were 12 fatalities during this period, 10 of which were attributed to large white sharks. More than two thirds of the bites of large white sharks occurred in the winter or spring and correlated with increasing humpback whale migration into the coastal region of WA. Despite an overall increase in fatal and total reported shark bites in WA, the risk for onshore bathers outside of Perth (the capital city of WA) has remained extremely low, especially when compared to daily recreational activities such as cycling. Higher risk activities included offshore diving and surf sports in south/ southwest WA coasts. The authors conclude that the risk of a large white shark bite will continue to rise as whale abundance increases off the WA coast; however, the risk for recreational beach visitors close to shore remains extremely low.
Journal of PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY and Applied Human Science, 2001
Using footwear often becomes troublesome and creates many problems. Most of these problems are as... more Using footwear often becomes troublesome and creates many problems. Most of these problems are associated with the wearing of ill-fitting footwear, as it leads to biomechanical imbalance and ultimately give rise to different foot problems. In the present investigation different foot problems, viz., discomfort, pain and other hazards related to the use of footwear have been evaluated and attempts have been made to study different foot dimensions of men and women that are related to the design of footwear. For the present study different foot dimensions of both right and left feet of the subjects were measured on 300 Bengalee (Indian) subjects having the age range of 20-35 years. The subjects reported that they had got discomfort, pain, blister and corn due to using different footwear. It was noted that the occurrence of these problems in right foot was greater than that in left foot. There was no significant correlation between foot troubles and type of footwear. Results also showed that there was no significant difference in most of the foot dimensions between left foot and right foot. However, significant difference (P<0.001) in all foot dimensions was observed between male and female subjects. Correlation coefficient among different foot dimensions has also been evaluated and it was noted that foot length was highly correlated with stature and foot volume, particularly in left foot. Footwear should be made according to the foot dimensions of the user population. The database collected from the Bengalee (Indian) population may be a helpful guide for manufacturing different footwear.
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Papers by Indranil Manna
acid on intensive swimming exercise induced testicular
oxidative stress, 18 Wistar male rats (age: 3 months, weight:
127.5 ± 5.3 g) were randomly divided into the following
groups: (i) control group (CG, n = 6); (ii) experimental group
(EG, n = 6); and (iii) supplemented group (SG, n = 6). An
exercise protocol of 3 h swimming per day, five days per week
was followed for 6 weeks in EG and SG with no exercise in
CG. In SG, L-ascorbic acid was supplied orally at a dose of
25-mg/kg of bodyweight each day for 6 weeks. A significant
decrease (P < 0.05) was noted in paired testicular weights,
epididymal sperm count, testicular Δ5, 3β-hydroxyseroid
dehydrogenase, 17β-hydroxyseroid dehydrogenase, plasma
levels of testosterone luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating
hormone, prolactin, the numbers of preleptotine spermatocytes,
midpachytene spermatocytes and stage 7 spermatids
of stage VII seminiferous epithelium cycle in EG when
compared with CG. A significant elevation (P < 0.05) in plasma
corticosterone and testicular content of malondialdehyde
along with a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in glutathione,
ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, superoxide dismutase, catalase
and glutathione-peroxidase, and glutathione-S-transferase
were noted in testes of EG compared with CG. No significant
change was noted in final bodyweight or numbers of spermatogonia-
A among the groups. Furthermore, L-ascorbic acid
supplementation restored the above parameters to the control
level.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that intensive swimming
exercise induced oxidative stress causes dysfunctions in the male
reproductive system, which can be protected by L-ascorbic
acid. (Reprod Med Biol 2006; 5: 145–153)
acid on intensive swimming exercise induced testicular
oxidative stress, 18 Wistar male rats (age: 3 months, weight:
127.5 ± 5.3 g) were randomly divided into the following
groups: (i) control group (CG, n = 6); (ii) experimental group
(EG, n = 6); and (iii) supplemented group (SG, n = 6). An
exercise protocol of 3 h swimming per day, five days per week
was followed for 6 weeks in EG and SG with no exercise in
CG. In SG, L-ascorbic acid was supplied orally at a dose of
25-mg/kg of bodyweight each day for 6 weeks. A significant
decrease (P < 0.05) was noted in paired testicular weights,
epididymal sperm count, testicular Δ5, 3β-hydroxyseroid
dehydrogenase, 17β-hydroxyseroid dehydrogenase, plasma
levels of testosterone luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating
hormone, prolactin, the numbers of preleptotine spermatocytes,
midpachytene spermatocytes and stage 7 spermatids
of stage VII seminiferous epithelium cycle in EG when
compared with CG. A significant elevation (P < 0.05) in plasma
corticosterone and testicular content of malondialdehyde
along with a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in glutathione,
ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, superoxide dismutase, catalase
and glutathione-peroxidase, and glutathione-S-transferase
were noted in testes of EG compared with CG. No significant
change was noted in final bodyweight or numbers of spermatogonia-
A among the groups. Furthermore, L-ascorbic acid
supplementation restored the above parameters to the control
level.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that intensive swimming
exercise induced oxidative stress causes dysfunctions in the male
reproductive system, which can be protected by L-ascorbic
acid. (Reprod Med Biol 2006; 5: 145–153)