The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) (2000-2015) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) ... more The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) (2000-2015) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (2015-30) illustrate that we are one global human family. We are interconnected. Issues of poverty, ill health and natural disasters have an impact directly or indirectly on all the people and nations of the world. Today, the SDGs represent the global development agenda. Governments have the primary responsibility for implementing the SDGs, and ensuring follow-up and review over the coming 8 years, at the national, regional and global levels. However, according to SDG 17, which concerns partnerships, there is also a place for all stakeholders (government, business, academia, civil society and local community) to play a role. This entry, after a brief summary of the global development agenda, explains the relationship between SDGs and the social and solidarity economy (SSE) principles and models to illustrate the compatibility of the two, and showcases the SSE as a community-based strategy for the effective localising of the SDGs.
Government of every nation of the world seeks to improve the health condition of their country ag... more Government of every nation of the world seeks to improve the health condition of their country aggregately. This over time induces them to adopt various health terminologies such as community health and public health for their health sector. Government of the emerging economies of the world (developing countries, often concentrate their interest on either public health or community health, but adoption of public health and community health by these governments seems to yield little in aggregate health performance in their country. Inspite of this bedeviling fact, governments of emerging economies have no shifted their attention from either public health or community health. It is due to this undesirable situation that the paper sought to enlighten governments of these emerging economies on the need for them to shifts their attention to population health as a means to enhanced aggregate health performance in their respective countries. The paper focused on the concept of population health; benefits of adopting population health; importance of population health as compared to community health and public health; difference in design/content of population health practices from community health practices and public health practices; how current measurements using community and public health practices deter aggregate health performance in emerging economies; reasons for adoption of population health in emerging economies; evaluating population health; global variables for measuring population health, measuring population health; measuring community health, public health and population in emerging countries; reasons for measuring population health; tracking population health; potential limitations to population health conceptual framework; and strategies for effective and efficient population health in the emerging economies. It was recommended among others that training and retraining should be encouraged among person for population health, which will assist them to be equipped with the needed skills and competencies for them to effectively/efficiently perform their duties, so as to actualize the mandate of population health.
At the turn of the century, social policy in both developed and developing countries confronts ne... more At the turn of the century, social policy in both developed and developing countries confronts new challenges and risks caused by the multiple crises in finance, food, energy and climate change. Changes in the structures of risks are particularly significant. In addition, the global economic crisis starting in 2008 has provided a new context of the global political economy. Both developed and developing countries have responded to these new challenges and risks differently. What risks do these responses aim to address? How can these responses address these risks? Can these diverse responses offer lessons for lower income economies attempting to address social development challenges alongside economic growth in the globalised and increasingly uncertain 21st century context? This paper aims to provide a critical review of the new trends, phenomena or directions of social policy discourse and practice to respond to the new risks in the context of development. Explaining the nature and forms of new challenges and risks and pointing out the potentials and limitations of social policy discourse, it introduces the key points of the previous research we have to keep in mind in formulating alternative social policy approaches. General principles and core elements of social policy in addressing new challenges and risks in the 21 st century, which are particularly visible in social policy reforms in emerging economies, are highlighted as a conclusion.
South Korea is a modern success storya qualified success story, it is true, but in the end one o... more South Korea is a modern success storya qualified success story, it is true, but in the end one of achievement. Where not long ago there was utter destruction and destitution, there is now affluence and freedom. The affluence remains poorly distributed and many have ...
This paper aims to contribute to the discussions on the development effectiveness through the exa... more This paper aims to contribute to the discussions on the development effectiveness through the examination of the two Asian cases of the Philippines and the Republic of Korea (hereafter, Korea) with a focus on aid and non-aid policy coherence and the mechanisms to create synergies of donors and recipients from a comprehensive perspective encompassing social as well as economic policies. Both countries were often compared with each other in the literature to describe and explain the developmental success of South Korea. This paper focuses on the interactions between the recipient and donor on the one hand and between aid and social and economic policies of recipient countries in the period 1945-the 1980s. We show that institutional complementarity is a result of interactive process of politics and policies arguing that interactions between policies intermediated by political interests in recipient countries and interests and objectives of donor countries' foreign policies also shape the nature, forms and degree of institutional complementarity. We also highlight historical legacies and institutional initial conditions lay institutional environment where institutional complementarity is formed and developed.
The national health insurance systems in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan are considered to have sh... more The national health insurance systems in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan are considered to have shown successful performance. These three countries achieved universal health coverage through systems with different degrees of integration and the unification of disparate schemes. Japan still maintains a fragmented system based on occupational and residential insurance schemes, while Taiwan and South Korea have achieved a unified system with single payers and are moving toward a more integrated system in terms of transfer across the different schemes within the system. By focusing on institutions, policies, and actors, this study highlights diverse forms of inter- and intra-sectoral integration mechanisms and pathways that have been used to achieve health equity in these countries. We show that the experiences of these three countries offer good cases for comparative research on how countries with rapid industrialization facing the task of developing their welfare systems have overcome ...
We give a descriptive construction of trees for multi-ended graphs, which yields yet another proo... more We give a descriptive construction of trees for multi-ended graphs, which yields yet another proof of Stallings' theorem on ends of groups. Even though our proof is, in principle, not very different from already existing proofs and it draws ideas from [Krö10], it is written in a way that easily adapts to the setting of countable Borel equivalence relations, leading to a free decomposition result and a sufficient condition for treeability.
Transforming the Developmental Welfare State in East Asia, 2005
The Asian Financial Crisis of 1997⤓l8 made a significant impact on Korean society. As the Korean ... more The Asian Financial Crisis of 1997⤓l8 made a significant impact on Korean society. As the Korean economy recorded negative growth, mass unemployment (which reached an unprecedented high point of 8.8 per cent in February 1999) became a major social problem. The newly elected Kim Dae-jung government (1998–2003) responded to the mass unemployment with a strong social policy initiative. The swift expansion of the Employment Insurance Programme (EIP) and the establishment of the Minimum Living Standard Guarantee (MLSG), in particular, were part of this initiative, reflecting a new direction in the development of social welfare, in terms of both income compensation and social right (Kuhnle 2002).
The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) (2000-2015) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) ... more The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) (2000-2015) and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (2015-30) illustrate that we are one global human family. We are interconnected. Issues of poverty, ill health and natural disasters have an impact directly or indirectly on all the people and nations of the world. Today, the SDGs represent the global development agenda. Governments have the primary responsibility for implementing the SDGs, and ensuring follow-up and review over the coming 8 years, at the national, regional and global levels. However, according to SDG 17, which concerns partnerships, there is also a place for all stakeholders (government, business, academia, civil society and local community) to play a role. This entry, after a brief summary of the global development agenda, explains the relationship between SDGs and the social and solidarity economy (SSE) principles and models to illustrate the compatibility of the two, and showcases the SSE as a community-based strategy for the effective localising of the SDGs.
Government of every nation of the world seeks to improve the health condition of their country ag... more Government of every nation of the world seeks to improve the health condition of their country aggregately. This over time induces them to adopt various health terminologies such as community health and public health for their health sector. Government of the emerging economies of the world (developing countries, often concentrate their interest on either public health or community health, but adoption of public health and community health by these governments seems to yield little in aggregate health performance in their country. Inspite of this bedeviling fact, governments of emerging economies have no shifted their attention from either public health or community health. It is due to this undesirable situation that the paper sought to enlighten governments of these emerging economies on the need for them to shifts their attention to population health as a means to enhanced aggregate health performance in their respective countries. The paper focused on the concept of population health; benefits of adopting population health; importance of population health as compared to community health and public health; difference in design/content of population health practices from community health practices and public health practices; how current measurements using community and public health practices deter aggregate health performance in emerging economies; reasons for adoption of population health in emerging economies; evaluating population health; global variables for measuring population health, measuring population health; measuring community health, public health and population in emerging countries; reasons for measuring population health; tracking population health; potential limitations to population health conceptual framework; and strategies for effective and efficient population health in the emerging economies. It was recommended among others that training and retraining should be encouraged among person for population health, which will assist them to be equipped with the needed skills and competencies for them to effectively/efficiently perform their duties, so as to actualize the mandate of population health.
At the turn of the century, social policy in both developed and developing countries confronts ne... more At the turn of the century, social policy in both developed and developing countries confronts new challenges and risks caused by the multiple crises in finance, food, energy and climate change. Changes in the structures of risks are particularly significant. In addition, the global economic crisis starting in 2008 has provided a new context of the global political economy. Both developed and developing countries have responded to these new challenges and risks differently. What risks do these responses aim to address? How can these responses address these risks? Can these diverse responses offer lessons for lower income economies attempting to address social development challenges alongside economic growth in the globalised and increasingly uncertain 21st century context? This paper aims to provide a critical review of the new trends, phenomena or directions of social policy discourse and practice to respond to the new risks in the context of development. Explaining the nature and forms of new challenges and risks and pointing out the potentials and limitations of social policy discourse, it introduces the key points of the previous research we have to keep in mind in formulating alternative social policy approaches. General principles and core elements of social policy in addressing new challenges and risks in the 21 st century, which are particularly visible in social policy reforms in emerging economies, are highlighted as a conclusion.
South Korea is a modern success storya qualified success story, it is true, but in the end one o... more South Korea is a modern success storya qualified success story, it is true, but in the end one of achievement. Where not long ago there was utter destruction and destitution, there is now affluence and freedom. The affluence remains poorly distributed and many have ...
This paper aims to contribute to the discussions on the development effectiveness through the exa... more This paper aims to contribute to the discussions on the development effectiveness through the examination of the two Asian cases of the Philippines and the Republic of Korea (hereafter, Korea) with a focus on aid and non-aid policy coherence and the mechanisms to create synergies of donors and recipients from a comprehensive perspective encompassing social as well as economic policies. Both countries were often compared with each other in the literature to describe and explain the developmental success of South Korea. This paper focuses on the interactions between the recipient and donor on the one hand and between aid and social and economic policies of recipient countries in the period 1945-the 1980s. We show that institutional complementarity is a result of interactive process of politics and policies arguing that interactions between policies intermediated by political interests in recipient countries and interests and objectives of donor countries' foreign policies also shape the nature, forms and degree of institutional complementarity. We also highlight historical legacies and institutional initial conditions lay institutional environment where institutional complementarity is formed and developed.
The national health insurance systems in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan are considered to have sh... more The national health insurance systems in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan are considered to have shown successful performance. These three countries achieved universal health coverage through systems with different degrees of integration and the unification of disparate schemes. Japan still maintains a fragmented system based on occupational and residential insurance schemes, while Taiwan and South Korea have achieved a unified system with single payers and are moving toward a more integrated system in terms of transfer across the different schemes within the system. By focusing on institutions, policies, and actors, this study highlights diverse forms of inter- and intra-sectoral integration mechanisms and pathways that have been used to achieve health equity in these countries. We show that the experiences of these three countries offer good cases for comparative research on how countries with rapid industrialization facing the task of developing their welfare systems have overcome ...
We give a descriptive construction of trees for multi-ended graphs, which yields yet another proo... more We give a descriptive construction of trees for multi-ended graphs, which yields yet another proof of Stallings' theorem on ends of groups. Even though our proof is, in principle, not very different from already existing proofs and it draws ideas from [Krö10], it is written in a way that easily adapts to the setting of countable Borel equivalence relations, leading to a free decomposition result and a sufficient condition for treeability.
Transforming the Developmental Welfare State in East Asia, 2005
The Asian Financial Crisis of 1997⤓l8 made a significant impact on Korean society. As the Korean ... more The Asian Financial Crisis of 1997⤓l8 made a significant impact on Korean society. As the Korean economy recorded negative growth, mass unemployment (which reached an unprecedented high point of 8.8 per cent in February 1999) became a major social problem. The newly elected Kim Dae-jung government (1998–2003) responded to the mass unemployment with a strong social policy initiative. The swift expansion of the Employment Insurance Programme (EIP) and the establishment of the Minimum Living Standard Guarantee (MLSG), in particular, were part of this initiative, reflecting a new direction in the development of social welfare, in terms of both income compensation and social right (Kuhnle 2002).
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