2016 IEEE 7th Power India International Conference (PIICON), 2016
This paper deals with a solar energy conversion system (SECS) interfaced with three phase grid us... more This paper deals with a solar energy conversion system (SECS) interfaced with three phase grid using a fourth order generalized integrator quadrature signal generator (FOGI-QSG)based control algorithm, which helps to mitigate the power quality problems like power factor correction, load balancing, harmonics elimination and noise cancellation. The perturb and observe (P&O) based maximum power tracking point (MPPT) algorithm is used to extract the maximum power from solar photovoltaic (SPV) array. The reference voltage is obtained from MPPT algorithm which helps to maintain DC link voltage of a voltage source converter (VSC). The FOGI-QSG based control algorithm is an easily realizable without compromising accuracy. The control algorithm is validated experimentally on developed hardware in the laboratory. Total harmonic distortion of source current of distribution network has been found within limit according to an IEEE-519 standard at common coupling point.
2016 7th India International Conference on Power Electronics (IICPE), 2016
Optoelectrical manipulation has recently gained attention for cellular engineering; however, few ... more Optoelectrical manipulation has recently gained attention for cellular engineering; however, few material platforms can be used to efficiently regulate stem cell behaviors via optoelectrical stimulation. In this study, we developed nanoweb substrates composed of photoactive polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) to enhance the neurogenesis of human fetal neural stem cells (hfNSCs) through photo-induced electrical stimulation. Methods: The photoactive nanoweb substrates were fabricated by self-assembled one-dimensional (1D) P3HT nanostructures (nanofibrils and nanorods). The hfNSCs cultured on the P3HT nanoweb substrates were optically stimulated with a green light (539 nm) and then differentiation of hfNSCs on the substrates with light stimulation was examined. The utility of the nanoweb substrates for optogenetic application was tested with photo-responsive hfNSCs engineered by polymer nanoparticle-mediated transfection of an engineered chimeric opsin variant (C1V1)-encoding gene. Results: The nanoweb substrates provided not only topographical stimulation for activating focal adhesion signaling of hfNSCs, but also generated optoelectrical stimulation via photochemical and charge-transfer reactions upon exposure to 539 nm wavelength light, leading to significantly enhanced neuronal differentiation of hfNSCs. The optoelectrically stimulated hfNSCs exhibited mature neuronal phenotypes with highly extended neurite formation and functional neuron-like electrophysiological features of sodium currents and action potentials. Optoelectrical stimulation with 539 nm light simultaneously activated both C1V1-modified hfNSCs and nanoweb substrates, which upregulated the expression and activation of voltage-gated ion channels in hfNSCs and further increased the effect of photoactive substrates on neuronal differentiation of hfNSCs. Conclusion: The photoactive nanoweb substrates developed in this study may serve as platforms for producing stem cell therapeutics with enhanced neurogenesis and neuromodulation via optoelectrical control of stem cells.
2017 4th IEEE Uttar Pradesh Section International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Electronics (UPCON), 2017
Le concept actuel de la Vaccinologie recouvre un champ d'étude vaste et complexe relatif à l'appl... more Le concept actuel de la Vaccinologie recouvre un champ d'étude vaste et complexe relatif à l'application individuelle et collective des vaccins dans ses implications techniques, immunologiques, épidémiologiques, sociales, juridiques, déontologiques et éthiques, et dans la mise en jeu des respon sabilités du vaccinateur, de l'institut producteur et de l'Administration. Il assure l'émergence de la vaccinovigilance, qui concerne les rares événements inattendus ou indésirables observés dans les conditions habi tuelles d'emploi des vaccins. Ainsi se trouve justifiée la proposition d'un comité spécialisé, sous l'égide des quatre Académies (Médecine, Pharmacie, Vétérinaire et Agri culture), composé d'experts et de praticiens, qui permettrait la permanente actualisation des règles générales et spéciales de la Vaccinologie.
2016 11th International Conference on Industrial and Information Systems (ICIIS), 2016
In this paper, a proportionate normalized least mean square (PNLMS) based control algorithm with ... more In this paper, a proportionate normalized least mean square (PNLMS) based control algorithm with modified hill climbing MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) technique is used to control the switching of a voltage source converter (VSC), in a grid tied solar photovoltaic (PV) system. A hardware prototype is developed for the system constituted by PV array, grid, VSC and the test results are obtained for a nonlinear load connected at PCC (Point of Common Coupling), and variable insolation levels. The obtained results show fast convergence and less steady state error. Moreover, the learning rate of the PNLMS algorithm can be easily tuned for a stable SPV system. The THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) of the grid current obtained is within the limits specified by IEEE-519 standard.
2017 4th IEEE Uttar Pradesh Section International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Electronics (UPCON), 2017
This paper applies frequency domain block LMS (FBLMS) algorithm for implementation of a three pha... more This paper applies frequency domain block LMS (FBLMS) algorithm for implementation of a three phase grid-connected solar photovoltaic (SPV) system. This system provides power factor correction (PFC), voltage regulation and maintains an IEEE-519 standard by keeping the harmonic distortion of grid currents below 5%. To successfully extract the maximum power from the SPV array at varying environmental conditions, a single stage system with perturb and observe MPPT method is used, which is integrated with adaptive control for the estimation of reference grid currents. Modelling of the system is done through MATLAB software and the results of simulation are shown under various operating conditions.
The microgrid system proposed in this paper, strives to offer a solution to the problems faced by... more The microgrid system proposed in this paper, strives to offer a solution to the problems faced by the consumers by supplying a minimum of a predefined amount of power into the utility from the solar energy conversion system (SECS) when the load is peaking thus preventing the cost per unit from shooting up. The proposed AC microgrid consists of a SECS connected to a DC link through a boost converter, which takes care of the operation at the maximum power point. An energy storage (ES), consisting of a battery bank and a bidirectional converter (BDC), is connected to the DC link. The DC link is connected to a voltage source converter (VSC), which is subsequently integrated to the grid through interface reactors and ripple filters. The design of the AC microgrid consisting of the SECS, boost converter, ES, VSC and the BDC along with a nonlinear load has been exhibited systematically. The modelling and simulation of this designed AC microgrid system are carried out in MATLAB/SIMULINK env...
2017 6th International Conference on Computer Applications In Electrical Engineering-Recent Advances (CERA), 2017
This paper presents a control scheme based on sign least mean kurtosis (SLMK) with adaptive line ... more This paper presents a control scheme based on sign least mean kurtosis (SLMK) with adaptive line enhancer for three phase grid interfaced solar photovoltaic (PV) system. The SLMK based control scheme serves manifold objectives such as load balancing, improve solar power penetration into the distributed network and power factor correction. The SLMK algorithm is used to extract weights of fundamental load current for each phase. Test results show satisfactory performance for a proposed system under steady state and dynamic conditions such as load unbalancing, variable solar insolation. The total harmonic distortions (THDs) of grid currents and voltages are found within limits of IEEE-519 and 929 standards.
2016 IEEE 7th Power India International Conference (PIICON), 2016
This work presents an improved perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm based MPPT (Maximum Power ... more This work presents an improved perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm based MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) for a single stage solar photovoltaic (PV) array integrated with a three phase grid. Due to simple implementation and efficient tracking, the P&O approach of extracting maximum power from a PV array is very popular and efficient tracking technique among all MPPT techniques. However, the major pitfalls of this technique are that P&O MPPT is affected from drift, the outcome of drift occurring is much disapproving when there is a quick rate of increment in insolation. Drift takes place because of erroneous judgments taken by traditional P&O technique at the initial step alteration in voltage reference throughout the rise in insolation. An improved P&O algorithm is proposed here to improve the drift issue by deploying the details of variation in PV current (ΔDLIpv) to make the judgment in extension to the variation in PV power (ΔDLPpv) and variation in PV voltage (ΔDLVpv). In this PV system, a VSI (Voltage Source Inverter) and three phase grid are used. In a three phase distribution feeder network for indemnify, the quality of power as per an IEEE-519 standard on harmonics, it satisfies the power quality norms. So, for availing the real power feeding to the grid and to sustain the terminal voltage constant at the PCC (Point of Common Coupling) with sinusoidal grid voltages and grid currents, this system works well simultaneously with improved performance of P&O technique. The Matlab/Simulink is used for simulation and modelling of proposed system and the behavior of proposed MPPT algorithm has been examined for various insolation levels and different environmental situations on an experimental system which is established in the laboratory
This paper deals with a quadrature oscillator (QO) based demodulation technique (DT) algorithm to... more This paper deals with a quadrature oscillator (QO) based demodulation technique (DT) algorithm to improve the power quality of a grid tied solar PV (Photovoltaic) system in the distribution network for power factor correction, load balancing and harmonics mitigation. The QO algorithm rejects the second harmonic generated by the demodulated load current. The improved InC (incremental conductance) based MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) scheme is utilized to extract maximum power from a solar PV array. Simulation results illustrative effectiveness of QO algorithm for steady state and dynamic conditions to verify effectiveness of proposed algorithm. Test results show reliable, robust performance and accurate estimation under steady state, variable insolation, load unbalancing, PV to DSTATCOM (Distribution Static Compensator) mode and DSTATCOM to PV mode. The total harmonic distortion (THD) of grid current and grid voltage, lies within the limits of the IEEE 519 standard.
A vector based synchronization technique is proposed for the synchronization of a solar PV-batter... more A vector based synchronization technique is proposed for the synchronization of a solar PV-battery system to the grid. In this technique, the three-phase grid and PCC (Point of Common Coupling) voltages are transformed into two vectors in α-β plane. Due to the absence of a PLL and feedback, the proposed technique is simple, and also instantaneous changes in the voltages are considered here. The grid-connected solar PV-battery system operates in current control mode, while the islanded system operates in a voltage control. Experimental results are obtained on a grid-solar PV-battery system in grid-connected and islanded modes. The two transitions between these operating modes are also studied in detail. All these test results of harmonics in grid voltages and currents are found satisfactory and in accordance to the IEEE-519 and 1547 standards.
This paper proposes an Improved Second-Order Generalized Integrator with Frequency Locked Loop (I... more This paper proposes an Improved Second-Order Generalized Integrator with Frequency Locked Loop (ISOGI-FLL) based control scheme for grid-connected solar Photovoltaic (PV) array fed Voltage Source Converter (VSC) to mitigate the power quality (PQ) problems. The steepest descent algorithm based Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is used to achieve the crest power from a solar PV array to improve Solar Power Generation (SPG) into the grid as well as to maintain DC bus voltage of the VSC. The ISOGI-FLL based control scheme is very effective for grid currents balancing, harmonics mitigation, at a variation of solar power generation and unity power factor operation. Simulated results are demonstrated using MATLAB/Simulink for load unbalancing and variation in solar insolation. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated based on comparative performance with conventional algorithms. Test results of a developed prototype, show satisfactory performance for different operating conditions like grid currents balancing, Photovoltaic-Distribution Static Compensator (PV-DSTATCOM) mode, DSTATCOM-PV mode at variable solar insolation. Moreover, total harmonic distortions of grid voltages-currents, are achieved within the limit of the IEEE-519 standard.
aktów prawnych i literatury pedagogicznej, tu, podejścia metodologiczne oraz oryginalność wskazuj... more aktów prawnych i literatury pedagogicznej, tu, podejścia metodologiczne oraz oryginalność wskazuje na istotne zdeterminowanie ideologi-merytoryczną, omówione prace posłużą studenczne i polityczne tychże stosunków. tom pedagogiki i historii oraz wszystkim zain Redaktor prezentowanego tu tomu byd-teresowanym do poznania dziejów wychowania goskich Studiów Pedagogicznych wyraża na-rodzinnego, a także poczynienia refleksji histodzięję, że ze względu na wykorzystany różno-ryczno-pedagogicznej. rodny materiał źródłowy, literaturę przedmio-Aldona Ossowska Tadeusz Jan Łopuszański i dzieło jego życia, red. Z. T. Wierzbicki i in. Warszawa 1995, Fundacja im. Tadeusza Łopuszańskiego, ss. 101
IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, 2017
This study presents a real-time implementation of the optimal operation of a single-stage three-p... more This study presents a real-time implementation of the optimal operation of a single-stage three-phase grid interfaced solar photovoltaic (PV) system with active shunt filter capabilities. The control approach is based on the least logarithmic absolute difference with an adaptive filtering technique. It serves manifold objectives of power quality improvements in the distribution network as well as grid side abnormalities such as voltage distortions, voltage sag and voltage swell. The proposed control algorithm has advantages of better steady state as well as dynamic performances as compared to conventional algorithms. The perturb and observe-based maximum power point tracking algorithm is used to harness crest power from the PV array. The proposed system is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink platform using Simscape power systems toolbox and its performance is compared with conventional algorithms. A prototype of the proposed system is developed in the laboratory and its responses are found satisfactory under various operating conditions such as load unbalancing, reactive power compensation, variable solar insolation, voltages distortion, voltage sag and voltage swell. The total harmonic distortions of grid currents and grid voltages are found within limits of an IEEE-519 standard.
This paper deals with the use of a DSTATCOM (Distribution Static Compensator) to the system const... more This paper deals with the use of a DSTATCOM (Distribution Static Compensator) to the system constituted by a nonlinear load fed from a distorted grid. Moreover, an improved proportionate normalized least mean square (i-PNLMS) control algorithm is proposed for the DSTATCOM. The system is first modeled on a MATLAB/Simulink platform and its performance is analyzed under steady state and load increment cases. The frequency response of the compensated system is also obtained. Tests are conducted on a laboratory prototype to analyze the system's performance under steady state and load unbalancing. This algorithm helps in achieving the desired grid currents easily and efficiently, and it shows an inherent tendency to adapt to the system's requirements. The obtained THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) of grid currents and point of common coupling (PCC) voltages are within the limits defined in the IEEE-519 standard.
This paper deals with a control technique of a three phase grid connected solar PV (Photovoltaic)... more This paper deals with a control technique of a three phase grid connected solar PV (Photovoltaic) system, which is based on FZA-NLMF (Fast Zero Attracting-Normalized Least Mean Fourth) algorithm. This control algorithm achieves the objectives of mitigation of power quality issues such as harmonics reduction and power factor correction together with extraction of peak power generated by the PV array. The system uses a PV array, a VSC (Voltage Source Converter), linear and nonlinear loads. Here, VSC is connected to a PV array to transfer the active power to the three phase load and the grid. The dependency on tuning of proportional-integral (PI) controller is reduced because of feed-forward term of the PV power. Due to this, the system dynamic response is improved, which makes the system quite robust. The system goals are to mitigate power quality problems and to provide current conditioning while operating in coherence with a weak distribution grid, which has poor quality of power, in terms of voltage distortions with imbalances. MATLAB/ Simulink is used to develop the model of the proposed system. The validation of proposed control is done at varying linear and nonlinear loads and under different environmental conditions on a prototype developed in the laboratory.
This work deals with the development of an intelligent monkey king evolution (IMKE) algorithm for... more This work deals with the development of an intelligent monkey king evolution (IMKE) algorithm for maximum power peak (MPP) detection under partially shaded condition in a solar photovoltaic (SPV) array. In IMKE algorithm, an additional intelligent decision taking ability is embedded with the monkey king evolution (MKE) algorithm, which magnifies all the options to closely observe the exact peak position. The MKE algorithm is good in terms of exploration and exploitation. However, the additional intelligent decision taking ability, avoids the stagnation on local maxima and helps to quickly track the true global maximum position. The performance evaluation of IMKE algorithm is performed on ten types of power-voltage (P-V) patterns of partially shaded SPV array, through MATLAB simulation, as well as through experimentation. Moreover, the effectiveness of all the results is verified through comparison with state of the art methods. The satisfactory steady-state and dynamic performances of the IMKE algorithm on partially shaded SPV array show the superiority over the state of the art MPPT methods.
International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 2017
Considering as one of the major goals in quantitative proteomics, detection of the differentially... more Considering as one of the major goals in quantitative proteomics, detection of the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) plays an important role in biomarker selection and clinical diagnostics. There have been plenty of algorithms and tools focusing on DEP detection in proteomics research. However, due to the different application scopes of these methods, and various kinds of experiment designs, it is not very apparent about the best choice for large-scale proteomics data analyses. Moreover, given the fact that proteomics data usually contain high percentage of missing values (MVs), but few replicates, a systematic evaluation of the DEP detection methods combined with the MV imputation methods is essential and urgent. Here, we analyzed a total of four representative imputation methods and five DEP methods on different experimental and simulated datasets. The results showed that (i) MV imputation could not always improve the performances of DEP detection methods and the imputation effects differed in the missing value percentages; (ii) the DEP detection methods had different statistical powers affected by the percentage of MVs. Two statistical methods (i.e. the empirical Bayesian random censoring threshold model, and the significance analysis of microarray) performed better than the other evaluated methods in terms of accuracy and sensitivity. Due to the rapid improvement of high resolution mass spectrometers, the focus of proteomics research is changing from qualitative to quantitative analyses 1. It is of great significance to accurately determine the protein expression levels and detect DEPs in different experimental conditions (groups or samples) in quantitative proteomics. As one of the major prerequisites of biomarker selection, DEP detection plays an important role in advancing medical researches such as the early diagnosis of disease and prognosis of treatment interventions 2, 3. Many statistical methods and tools have been proposed to analyze proteins from different biological states. According to the general factions of statistical theory, DEP detection methods for proteomics data can be roughly divided into two categories: the methods based on the Classic Statistics School or the Bayesian School, and the other methods directly borrowed from other fields such as genomics and transcriptomics 4. However, there are few evaluations about the detection methods on different kinds of quantitative proteomics data, especially for those with MVs. Pursiheimo et al. 5 evaluated several commonly used statistical methods for DEP detection, but neglecting the influence of MVs in the proteomics data. The primary reasons why a peptide is typically not observed in mass spectrometry (MS) analyses include low abundance, poor ionization, and random sampling in shotgun proteomics. According to the different missing mechanism, MVs can be broadly classified into three categories 6 : missing completely at random (MCAR), missing at random (MAR), and missing not at random (MNAR). Generally, imputation methods can be divided into single imputation and multiple imputation according to the number of estimated values used. Single imputation can be further classified into deterministic imputation and random imputation. Multiple imputation contains two major algorithms: the multivariate normal model 7 and the univariate chained equations model 8 .
2016 IEEE Uttar Pradesh Section International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Electronics Engineering (UPCON), 2016
This paper deals with a single stage solar photovoltaic (PV) array tied to a three phase grid by ... more This paper deals with a single stage solar photovoltaic (PV) array tied to a three phase grid by using an improved second order generalized integrator quadrature (ISOGI-Q) based control algorithm to improve power quality of the grid. The maximum point power tracking (MPPT) is achieved by using an incremental conductance method. The incremental conductance MPPT method is effective to extract crest power from a solar PV array as well as to control the DC bus voltage. The ISOGI-Q based control serves multi-functionalities such as load balancing, power factor correction, improved solar power penetration into a distribution network. Test results of ISOGI-Q based control algorithm, are found satisfactory for improved power quality in terms of load balancing, harmonics elimination and power factor correction very effectively under various dynamic conditions such as load unbalancing, variable solar insolation, distorted grid and imbalanced grid voltage conditions. DSTATCOM (Distributed Static Compensator) capabilities of PV based system are useful to supply the active power to the load and surplus power to the grid. The control algorithm is verified on a proposed topology and obtained responses are found satisfactory and total harmonic distortions (THDs) of source currents are observed within an IEEE-519 standard limit.
2016 IEEE 7th Power India International Conference (PIICON), 2016
This paper deals with a solar energy conversion system (SECS) interfaced with three phase grid us... more This paper deals with a solar energy conversion system (SECS) interfaced with three phase grid using a fourth order generalized integrator quadrature signal generator (FOGI-QSG)based control algorithm, which helps to mitigate the power quality problems like power factor correction, load balancing, harmonics elimination and noise cancellation. The perturb and observe (P&O) based maximum power tracking point (MPPT) algorithm is used to extract the maximum power from solar photovoltaic (SPV) array. The reference voltage is obtained from MPPT algorithm which helps to maintain DC link voltage of a voltage source converter (VSC). The FOGI-QSG based control algorithm is an easily realizable without compromising accuracy. The control algorithm is validated experimentally on developed hardware in the laboratory. Total harmonic distortion of source current of distribution network has been found within limit according to an IEEE-519 standard at common coupling point.
2016 7th India International Conference on Power Electronics (IICPE), 2016
Optoelectrical manipulation has recently gained attention for cellular engineering; however, few ... more Optoelectrical manipulation has recently gained attention for cellular engineering; however, few material platforms can be used to efficiently regulate stem cell behaviors via optoelectrical stimulation. In this study, we developed nanoweb substrates composed of photoactive polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) to enhance the neurogenesis of human fetal neural stem cells (hfNSCs) through photo-induced electrical stimulation. Methods: The photoactive nanoweb substrates were fabricated by self-assembled one-dimensional (1D) P3HT nanostructures (nanofibrils and nanorods). The hfNSCs cultured on the P3HT nanoweb substrates were optically stimulated with a green light (539 nm) and then differentiation of hfNSCs on the substrates with light stimulation was examined. The utility of the nanoweb substrates for optogenetic application was tested with photo-responsive hfNSCs engineered by polymer nanoparticle-mediated transfection of an engineered chimeric opsin variant (C1V1)-encoding gene. Results: The nanoweb substrates provided not only topographical stimulation for activating focal adhesion signaling of hfNSCs, but also generated optoelectrical stimulation via photochemical and charge-transfer reactions upon exposure to 539 nm wavelength light, leading to significantly enhanced neuronal differentiation of hfNSCs. The optoelectrically stimulated hfNSCs exhibited mature neuronal phenotypes with highly extended neurite formation and functional neuron-like electrophysiological features of sodium currents and action potentials. Optoelectrical stimulation with 539 nm light simultaneously activated both C1V1-modified hfNSCs and nanoweb substrates, which upregulated the expression and activation of voltage-gated ion channels in hfNSCs and further increased the effect of photoactive substrates on neuronal differentiation of hfNSCs. Conclusion: The photoactive nanoweb substrates developed in this study may serve as platforms for producing stem cell therapeutics with enhanced neurogenesis and neuromodulation via optoelectrical control of stem cells.
2017 4th IEEE Uttar Pradesh Section International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Electronics (UPCON), 2017
Le concept actuel de la Vaccinologie recouvre un champ d'étude vaste et complexe relatif à l'appl... more Le concept actuel de la Vaccinologie recouvre un champ d'étude vaste et complexe relatif à l'application individuelle et collective des vaccins dans ses implications techniques, immunologiques, épidémiologiques, sociales, juridiques, déontologiques et éthiques, et dans la mise en jeu des respon sabilités du vaccinateur, de l'institut producteur et de l'Administration. Il assure l'émergence de la vaccinovigilance, qui concerne les rares événements inattendus ou indésirables observés dans les conditions habi tuelles d'emploi des vaccins. Ainsi se trouve justifiée la proposition d'un comité spécialisé, sous l'égide des quatre Académies (Médecine, Pharmacie, Vétérinaire et Agri culture), composé d'experts et de praticiens, qui permettrait la permanente actualisation des règles générales et spéciales de la Vaccinologie.
2016 11th International Conference on Industrial and Information Systems (ICIIS), 2016
In this paper, a proportionate normalized least mean square (PNLMS) based control algorithm with ... more In this paper, a proportionate normalized least mean square (PNLMS) based control algorithm with modified hill climbing MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) technique is used to control the switching of a voltage source converter (VSC), in a grid tied solar photovoltaic (PV) system. A hardware prototype is developed for the system constituted by PV array, grid, VSC and the test results are obtained for a nonlinear load connected at PCC (Point of Common Coupling), and variable insolation levels. The obtained results show fast convergence and less steady state error. Moreover, the learning rate of the PNLMS algorithm can be easily tuned for a stable SPV system. The THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) of the grid current obtained is within the limits specified by IEEE-519 standard.
2017 4th IEEE Uttar Pradesh Section International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Electronics (UPCON), 2017
This paper applies frequency domain block LMS (FBLMS) algorithm for implementation of a three pha... more This paper applies frequency domain block LMS (FBLMS) algorithm for implementation of a three phase grid-connected solar photovoltaic (SPV) system. This system provides power factor correction (PFC), voltage regulation and maintains an IEEE-519 standard by keeping the harmonic distortion of grid currents below 5%. To successfully extract the maximum power from the SPV array at varying environmental conditions, a single stage system with perturb and observe MPPT method is used, which is integrated with adaptive control for the estimation of reference grid currents. Modelling of the system is done through MATLAB software and the results of simulation are shown under various operating conditions.
The microgrid system proposed in this paper, strives to offer a solution to the problems faced by... more The microgrid system proposed in this paper, strives to offer a solution to the problems faced by the consumers by supplying a minimum of a predefined amount of power into the utility from the solar energy conversion system (SECS) when the load is peaking thus preventing the cost per unit from shooting up. The proposed AC microgrid consists of a SECS connected to a DC link through a boost converter, which takes care of the operation at the maximum power point. An energy storage (ES), consisting of a battery bank and a bidirectional converter (BDC), is connected to the DC link. The DC link is connected to a voltage source converter (VSC), which is subsequently integrated to the grid through interface reactors and ripple filters. The design of the AC microgrid consisting of the SECS, boost converter, ES, VSC and the BDC along with a nonlinear load has been exhibited systematically. The modelling and simulation of this designed AC microgrid system are carried out in MATLAB/SIMULINK env...
2017 6th International Conference on Computer Applications In Electrical Engineering-Recent Advances (CERA), 2017
This paper presents a control scheme based on sign least mean kurtosis (SLMK) with adaptive line ... more This paper presents a control scheme based on sign least mean kurtosis (SLMK) with adaptive line enhancer for three phase grid interfaced solar photovoltaic (PV) system. The SLMK based control scheme serves manifold objectives such as load balancing, improve solar power penetration into the distributed network and power factor correction. The SLMK algorithm is used to extract weights of fundamental load current for each phase. Test results show satisfactory performance for a proposed system under steady state and dynamic conditions such as load unbalancing, variable solar insolation. The total harmonic distortions (THDs) of grid currents and voltages are found within limits of IEEE-519 and 929 standards.
2016 IEEE 7th Power India International Conference (PIICON), 2016
This work presents an improved perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm based MPPT (Maximum Power ... more This work presents an improved perturb and observe (P&O) algorithm based MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) for a single stage solar photovoltaic (PV) array integrated with a three phase grid. Due to simple implementation and efficient tracking, the P&O approach of extracting maximum power from a PV array is very popular and efficient tracking technique among all MPPT techniques. However, the major pitfalls of this technique are that P&O MPPT is affected from drift, the outcome of drift occurring is much disapproving when there is a quick rate of increment in insolation. Drift takes place because of erroneous judgments taken by traditional P&O technique at the initial step alteration in voltage reference throughout the rise in insolation. An improved P&O algorithm is proposed here to improve the drift issue by deploying the details of variation in PV current (ΔDLIpv) to make the judgment in extension to the variation in PV power (ΔDLPpv) and variation in PV voltage (ΔDLVpv). In this PV system, a VSI (Voltage Source Inverter) and three phase grid are used. In a three phase distribution feeder network for indemnify, the quality of power as per an IEEE-519 standard on harmonics, it satisfies the power quality norms. So, for availing the real power feeding to the grid and to sustain the terminal voltage constant at the PCC (Point of Common Coupling) with sinusoidal grid voltages and grid currents, this system works well simultaneously with improved performance of P&O technique. The Matlab/Simulink is used for simulation and modelling of proposed system and the behavior of proposed MPPT algorithm has been examined for various insolation levels and different environmental situations on an experimental system which is established in the laboratory
This paper deals with a quadrature oscillator (QO) based demodulation technique (DT) algorithm to... more This paper deals with a quadrature oscillator (QO) based demodulation technique (DT) algorithm to improve the power quality of a grid tied solar PV (Photovoltaic) system in the distribution network for power factor correction, load balancing and harmonics mitigation. The QO algorithm rejects the second harmonic generated by the demodulated load current. The improved InC (incremental conductance) based MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) scheme is utilized to extract maximum power from a solar PV array. Simulation results illustrative effectiveness of QO algorithm for steady state and dynamic conditions to verify effectiveness of proposed algorithm. Test results show reliable, robust performance and accurate estimation under steady state, variable insolation, load unbalancing, PV to DSTATCOM (Distribution Static Compensator) mode and DSTATCOM to PV mode. The total harmonic distortion (THD) of grid current and grid voltage, lies within the limits of the IEEE 519 standard.
A vector based synchronization technique is proposed for the synchronization of a solar PV-batter... more A vector based synchronization technique is proposed for the synchronization of a solar PV-battery system to the grid. In this technique, the three-phase grid and PCC (Point of Common Coupling) voltages are transformed into two vectors in α-β plane. Due to the absence of a PLL and feedback, the proposed technique is simple, and also instantaneous changes in the voltages are considered here. The grid-connected solar PV-battery system operates in current control mode, while the islanded system operates in a voltage control. Experimental results are obtained on a grid-solar PV-battery system in grid-connected and islanded modes. The two transitions between these operating modes are also studied in detail. All these test results of harmonics in grid voltages and currents are found satisfactory and in accordance to the IEEE-519 and 1547 standards.
This paper proposes an Improved Second-Order Generalized Integrator with Frequency Locked Loop (I... more This paper proposes an Improved Second-Order Generalized Integrator with Frequency Locked Loop (ISOGI-FLL) based control scheme for grid-connected solar Photovoltaic (PV) array fed Voltage Source Converter (VSC) to mitigate the power quality (PQ) problems. The steepest descent algorithm based Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) is used to achieve the crest power from a solar PV array to improve Solar Power Generation (SPG) into the grid as well as to maintain DC bus voltage of the VSC. The ISOGI-FLL based control scheme is very effective for grid currents balancing, harmonics mitigation, at a variation of solar power generation and unity power factor operation. Simulated results are demonstrated using MATLAB/Simulink for load unbalancing and variation in solar insolation. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated based on comparative performance with conventional algorithms. Test results of a developed prototype, show satisfactory performance for different operating conditions like grid currents balancing, Photovoltaic-Distribution Static Compensator (PV-DSTATCOM) mode, DSTATCOM-PV mode at variable solar insolation. Moreover, total harmonic distortions of grid voltages-currents, are achieved within the limit of the IEEE-519 standard.
aktów prawnych i literatury pedagogicznej, tu, podejścia metodologiczne oraz oryginalność wskazuj... more aktów prawnych i literatury pedagogicznej, tu, podejścia metodologiczne oraz oryginalność wskazuje na istotne zdeterminowanie ideologi-merytoryczną, omówione prace posłużą studenczne i polityczne tychże stosunków. tom pedagogiki i historii oraz wszystkim zain Redaktor prezentowanego tu tomu byd-teresowanym do poznania dziejów wychowania goskich Studiów Pedagogicznych wyraża na-rodzinnego, a także poczynienia refleksji histodzięję, że ze względu na wykorzystany różno-ryczno-pedagogicznej. rodny materiał źródłowy, literaturę przedmio-Aldona Ossowska Tadeusz Jan Łopuszański i dzieło jego życia, red. Z. T. Wierzbicki i in. Warszawa 1995, Fundacja im. Tadeusza Łopuszańskiego, ss. 101
IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, 2017
This study presents a real-time implementation of the optimal operation of a single-stage three-p... more This study presents a real-time implementation of the optimal operation of a single-stage three-phase grid interfaced solar photovoltaic (PV) system with active shunt filter capabilities. The control approach is based on the least logarithmic absolute difference with an adaptive filtering technique. It serves manifold objectives of power quality improvements in the distribution network as well as grid side abnormalities such as voltage distortions, voltage sag and voltage swell. The proposed control algorithm has advantages of better steady state as well as dynamic performances as compared to conventional algorithms. The perturb and observe-based maximum power point tracking algorithm is used to harness crest power from the PV array. The proposed system is simulated in MATLAB/Simulink platform using Simscape power systems toolbox and its performance is compared with conventional algorithms. A prototype of the proposed system is developed in the laboratory and its responses are found satisfactory under various operating conditions such as load unbalancing, reactive power compensation, variable solar insolation, voltages distortion, voltage sag and voltage swell. The total harmonic distortions of grid currents and grid voltages are found within limits of an IEEE-519 standard.
This paper deals with the use of a DSTATCOM (Distribution Static Compensator) to the system const... more This paper deals with the use of a DSTATCOM (Distribution Static Compensator) to the system constituted by a nonlinear load fed from a distorted grid. Moreover, an improved proportionate normalized least mean square (i-PNLMS) control algorithm is proposed for the DSTATCOM. The system is first modeled on a MATLAB/Simulink platform and its performance is analyzed under steady state and load increment cases. The frequency response of the compensated system is also obtained. Tests are conducted on a laboratory prototype to analyze the system's performance under steady state and load unbalancing. This algorithm helps in achieving the desired grid currents easily and efficiently, and it shows an inherent tendency to adapt to the system's requirements. The obtained THD (Total Harmonic Distortion) of grid currents and point of common coupling (PCC) voltages are within the limits defined in the IEEE-519 standard.
This paper deals with a control technique of a three phase grid connected solar PV (Photovoltaic)... more This paper deals with a control technique of a three phase grid connected solar PV (Photovoltaic) system, which is based on FZA-NLMF (Fast Zero Attracting-Normalized Least Mean Fourth) algorithm. This control algorithm achieves the objectives of mitigation of power quality issues such as harmonics reduction and power factor correction together with extraction of peak power generated by the PV array. The system uses a PV array, a VSC (Voltage Source Converter), linear and nonlinear loads. Here, VSC is connected to a PV array to transfer the active power to the three phase load and the grid. The dependency on tuning of proportional-integral (PI) controller is reduced because of feed-forward term of the PV power. Due to this, the system dynamic response is improved, which makes the system quite robust. The system goals are to mitigate power quality problems and to provide current conditioning while operating in coherence with a weak distribution grid, which has poor quality of power, in terms of voltage distortions with imbalances. MATLAB/ Simulink is used to develop the model of the proposed system. The validation of proposed control is done at varying linear and nonlinear loads and under different environmental conditions on a prototype developed in the laboratory.
This work deals with the development of an intelligent monkey king evolution (IMKE) algorithm for... more This work deals with the development of an intelligent monkey king evolution (IMKE) algorithm for maximum power peak (MPP) detection under partially shaded condition in a solar photovoltaic (SPV) array. In IMKE algorithm, an additional intelligent decision taking ability is embedded with the monkey king evolution (MKE) algorithm, which magnifies all the options to closely observe the exact peak position. The MKE algorithm is good in terms of exploration and exploitation. However, the additional intelligent decision taking ability, avoids the stagnation on local maxima and helps to quickly track the true global maximum position. The performance evaluation of IMKE algorithm is performed on ten types of power-voltage (P-V) patterns of partially shaded SPV array, through MATLAB simulation, as well as through experimentation. Moreover, the effectiveness of all the results is verified through comparison with state of the art methods. The satisfactory steady-state and dynamic performances of the IMKE algorithm on partially shaded SPV array show the superiority over the state of the art MPPT methods.
International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 2017
Considering as one of the major goals in quantitative proteomics, detection of the differentially... more Considering as one of the major goals in quantitative proteomics, detection of the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) plays an important role in biomarker selection and clinical diagnostics. There have been plenty of algorithms and tools focusing on DEP detection in proteomics research. However, due to the different application scopes of these methods, and various kinds of experiment designs, it is not very apparent about the best choice for large-scale proteomics data analyses. Moreover, given the fact that proteomics data usually contain high percentage of missing values (MVs), but few replicates, a systematic evaluation of the DEP detection methods combined with the MV imputation methods is essential and urgent. Here, we analyzed a total of four representative imputation methods and five DEP methods on different experimental and simulated datasets. The results showed that (i) MV imputation could not always improve the performances of DEP detection methods and the imputation effects differed in the missing value percentages; (ii) the DEP detection methods had different statistical powers affected by the percentage of MVs. Two statistical methods (i.e. the empirical Bayesian random censoring threshold model, and the significance analysis of microarray) performed better than the other evaluated methods in terms of accuracy and sensitivity. Due to the rapid improvement of high resolution mass spectrometers, the focus of proteomics research is changing from qualitative to quantitative analyses 1. It is of great significance to accurately determine the protein expression levels and detect DEPs in different experimental conditions (groups or samples) in quantitative proteomics. As one of the major prerequisites of biomarker selection, DEP detection plays an important role in advancing medical researches such as the early diagnosis of disease and prognosis of treatment interventions 2, 3. Many statistical methods and tools have been proposed to analyze proteins from different biological states. According to the general factions of statistical theory, DEP detection methods for proteomics data can be roughly divided into two categories: the methods based on the Classic Statistics School or the Bayesian School, and the other methods directly borrowed from other fields such as genomics and transcriptomics 4. However, there are few evaluations about the detection methods on different kinds of quantitative proteomics data, especially for those with MVs. Pursiheimo et al. 5 evaluated several commonly used statistical methods for DEP detection, but neglecting the influence of MVs in the proteomics data. The primary reasons why a peptide is typically not observed in mass spectrometry (MS) analyses include low abundance, poor ionization, and random sampling in shotgun proteomics. According to the different missing mechanism, MVs can be broadly classified into three categories 6 : missing completely at random (MCAR), missing at random (MAR), and missing not at random (MNAR). Generally, imputation methods can be divided into single imputation and multiple imputation according to the number of estimated values used. Single imputation can be further classified into deterministic imputation and random imputation. Multiple imputation contains two major algorithms: the multivariate normal model 7 and the univariate chained equations model 8 .
2016 IEEE Uttar Pradesh Section International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Electronics Engineering (UPCON), 2016
This paper deals with a single stage solar photovoltaic (PV) array tied to a three phase grid by ... more This paper deals with a single stage solar photovoltaic (PV) array tied to a three phase grid by using an improved second order generalized integrator quadrature (ISOGI-Q) based control algorithm to improve power quality of the grid. The maximum point power tracking (MPPT) is achieved by using an incremental conductance method. The incremental conductance MPPT method is effective to extract crest power from a solar PV array as well as to control the DC bus voltage. The ISOGI-Q based control serves multi-functionalities such as load balancing, power factor correction, improved solar power penetration into a distribution network. Test results of ISOGI-Q based control algorithm, are found satisfactory for improved power quality in terms of load balancing, harmonics elimination and power factor correction very effectively under various dynamic conditions such as load unbalancing, variable solar insolation, distorted grid and imbalanced grid voltage conditions. DSTATCOM (Distributed Static Compensator) capabilities of PV based system are useful to supply the active power to the load and surplus power to the grid. The control algorithm is verified on a proposed topology and obtained responses are found satisfactory and total harmonic distortions (THDs) of source currents are observed within an IEEE-519 standard limit.
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Papers by Ikhlaq Hussain