Papers by Ibrahim Elsayed
المجلة العربية لغير الناطقين بها, Apr 1, 2019
Protein requirement and its demand of farm animals became one of the critical problems in nutriti... more Protein requirement and its demand of farm animals became one of the critical problems in nutrition on a global scale. Protein requirement has been an explicit demand for a long period with soybean meal and animal protein, but recently there are some limitations in relation to their use and the availability of the high quality fishmeal decreases constantly. For this reason there is increased demand for finding new protein sources which could be the alternatives of soybean meal and fishmeal. Alternative protein sources can be divided into seven categories, according to their origin. In different countries, their use depends on the availability in large quantity and at reasonable price. There is a long tradition of using legume seeds, as alternatives of soybean. Most of them contain some anti-nutritive compounds, but it can be reduced with systematic selection. Oilseed meals are also generally use in poultry and pig nutrition, but those crude protein content varied, depending on the oil extraction technology. Green fodder and leaf protein was also proposed as alternative protein sources, but their use is limited, in particular because of the market price. The amount of bioethanol and starch industry by-products increases gradually in recent years, therefore those became alternatives of soybean meal, or in much less extend, fishmeal. However, amino acid composition of such by-products are far from optimal for poultry and pig; therefore, in the case of their use amino acid supplementation is necessary. Several novel protein sources are proposed in the last decade, such as algae or insect proteins. Recently, their availability and use is limited, but in the near future those would be alternative protein sources in monogastric animal nutrition.
The stress of oxidative agents plays an important role in the pathogenesis of some diseases. Sinc... more The stress of oxidative agents plays an important role in the pathogenesis of some diseases. Since a long time ago, the use of natural compounds plant-derived as potential therapeutic agents for various diseases in human has been studied. The naturally occurring compound (Curcumin) of the curcuminoid family, found in the spice Turmeric (Curcuma longa) has broad biological functions particularly antioxidant and activity in a direct and an indirect way by scavenging reactive oxygen species and inducing an antioxidant response, respectively. The various effects of curcumin have been evaluated in several studies. The information presented in the present article through some light on curcumin as an antioxidant natural herb, a powerful scavenger of many free radicals, as anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, anti-tumoral, anti-viral, antifungal, anti-parasitic, anti-mutagen, anti-infectious and anti-hepatotoxic natural substance.
Ṣukūk are leading financial instruments that held the concern of the investors, institutions and ... more Ṣukūk are leading financial instruments that held the concern of the investors, institutions and governments globally. Due to the increased turnouts of ṣukūk issuance worldwide, these turnouts increase the need to fundamental research effort that is sharpening this financial instrument and clarifying its characteristics, features, and general rulings of Sharī'ah regarding it. To meet these objectives, this research aims to provide a sample-rating index that rates the Sharī'ah compliance through the issuance process of ṣukūk. In this research, the descriptive methodology is followed in order to give details about ṣukūk stands from the definition and ends with the application. The historical methodology is also followed, from pre-Islam era to the modern time to present an inclusive picture of the development of this tool, and the analytical fundamental methodology to provide the detailed study about the Sharī'ah requirements, which are applied within the sample rating index. Ṣukūk play significant role in developing the countries' economy and the institutions' financial situation and position; moreover, ṣukūk have proven its economical viable. This thesis ends up by providing a sample of Sharī'ah rating index, to rate the compliance of Sharī'ah and fulfillment of the Sharī'ah requirements to ensure correct, adjusted, and smooth application.
Aplastic anemia is a life-threatening disease characterized by hypocellular marrow and pancytopen... more Aplastic anemia is a life-threatening disease characterized by hypocellular marrow and pancytopenia as a result of reduction in hematopoietic progenitor and stem cells. Secondary aplastic anemia occurs after exposure to environmental factors and in certain disorders. The factors which have been implicated as causes of secondary aplastic anemia are chemicals, drugs, infectious agents, radiation and rheumatic disease. This study aimed to present a model of induced aplastic anemia in mice by benzene intoxication subcutaneously or orally. Male CD1 mice were used as experimental animal. These animals were classified into four groups as follow: 1- Control group, received only the ordinary mice diet and water and administered with 2ml/Kg saline subcutaneously (sc) daily along the time of experiment. 2- Sc day after day treatment group with 2ml/Kg of benzene for 15 dose (i.e. for 30 days) 3- Sc daily treatment group with 2ml/Kg of benzene for 15 dose (i.e. for 15 days) 4- Oral daily treatme...
2017 Nineteenth International Middle East Power Systems Conference (MEPCON), 2017
Egypt has an area of 1,001,449 km 2. Egyptian Electricity Grid covers a small part from this area... more Egypt has an area of 1,001,449 km 2. Egyptian Electricity Grid covers a small part from this area. Therefore, most remote areas in Egypt suffer from Electricity shortage. This paper is focused on the solution of this problem by a small scale hybrid solar-wind power generation system. Wind data (wind speed — wind power density — capacity factor) and solar data (solar radiation — sunshine duration hour) at Mediterranean sea coast, Red sea coast and Western desert are collected and analyzed. Load nature, the standard of living in mentioned areas and estimated demand are the parameters that determine the load profile. According to analyzed data and cost of energy for different types of resources, explicit steps to determine the optimization system configuration and optimal sizing (solar cell and wind turbine parameter) are presented for every site. The optimization based on finding the minimum capital cost feed the load demand and maintain the system reliability. The results obtained ar...
Chronic benzene exposure results in progressive depression of bone marrow function, leading to a ... more Chronic benzene exposure results in progressive depression of bone marrow function, leading to a reduction in the number of circulating red and white blood cells. Epidemiological studies show that high-level occupational exposure to benzene results in an increased risk of aplastic anemia, acute myeloid leukemia, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Toxicity of benzene to be induced, it first must be metabolized to several metabolites which can accumulate in the bone marrow where they are further bioactivated by myeloperoxidases and other heme-protein peroxidases to reactive semiquinones and quinones, which lead to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS include superoxide radical anion, hydroperoxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and the highly reactive hydroxyl radical. These species are generated by many physiological processes and can affect signal transduction cascades by altering the activities of certain protein kinases and transcription factors.
Scientific data, collected in various research domains are made accessible for significant analys... more Scientific data, collected in various research domains are made accessible for significant analysis through portals by the means of e-Infrastructures. Managing the outcome of these analyses in conjunction with its corresponding input data, by enriching its existing relationship with semantics to facilitate reuse of data is nowadays more important than ever. The work presented in this book focuses its effort on scientific dataspaces, which, if applied in e-Science applications can provide a highly efficient and powerful scientific data preservation solution for e-Infrastructures. The author's approach is to semantically enrich the existing relationship among primary and derived datasets and to preserve both, relationships and datasets together within a dataspace to be reused by owners and others. This approach is shown to significantly improve assisted publishing, discovery, and reuse of primary and derived data used in scientific studies. This book summarizes scientific contribu...
Pharmaceuticals, 2021
In this work, sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) and polylactic co-glycolic acid (PLGA) were used... more In this work, sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) and polylactic co-glycolic acid (PLGA) were used alone or in combination as a matrix-former (MF) to prepare long-acting injectable rivastigmine (RV) in situ-forming microparticles (ISM). RV-ISM were prepared by the emulsification of an internal phase, containing the drug and the matrix former(s), into an external oily phase containing a stabilizer. The statistical design, Central Composite Design (CCD), was adopted as a quality by design (QbD) approach to optimize the formulation of RV-ISM systems. The fabricated RV-ISM systems was designed to minimize the initial burst drug release and maximize the sustainment of RV release from the ISM and ease of injection. The influence of critical formulation variables such as the matrix-former to drug (MF/D) ratio and SAIB to PLGA (S/P) ratio in the internal phase with respect to critical quality attributes (CQAs), such as the percentage drug release within the first day (Q1), the time required ...
Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 2021
2019 21st International Middle East Power Systems Conference (MEPCON), 2019
Many countries have executed Offshore wind farms to Compensate electricity shortage. Offshore win... more Many countries have executed Offshore wind farms to Compensate electricity shortage. Offshore wind energy have a larger capacity factor than onshore wind energy. An offshore wind energy could competitive with conventional power plants because it could have a larger amount of MWs. The intermittent nature of offshore wind farms could have significantly impact on the operation and maintenance cost, stability, and reliability of it’s connected power grid. To overcome the intermittency nature off wind energy and ensure the stability of the system during large events, modern offshore hybrid solar and wind farms have implemented. The effects of a large-scale offshore hybrid farm (OHF) on power system stability are studied. The high voltage direct current is the optimal system to connect the offshore hybrid farm to the main grid through a voltage source converter (VSC) because the large distance to shore. The proposed model is studied on the IEEE New-England 10-machine 39-bus test system. Modeling and stability analysis the hybrid offshore hybrid farm are presented. In this paper, a developed method is proposed for optimal sizing of the offshore PV/wind hybrid system taking into account the dynamic stability of power grid. The simulation model is created using Digsilent power factory.
International Journal of Nanomedicine, 2020
Purpose: Duloxetine (DLX) is dual serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor suffering from ... more Purpose: Duloxetine (DLX) is dual serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor suffering from limited bioavailability (≈ 40%) due to extensive hepatic metabolism. This work aims to formulate and evaluate DLX intranasal thermoreversible cubosomal gels to enhance its bioavailability and ensure efficient brain targeting. Materials and Methods: Cubo-gels were prepared by 3 3 central composite design with three independent factors, lipid ratio (glycerol monooleate: glycerol tripalmitate), Pluronic F127%, and Pluronic F68%. The prepared formulations were evaluated for their particle size (PS), gelling temperature (GT), entrapment efficiency (EE%), and in vitro release. The cubogel with the highest desirability (0.88) was chosen as the optimized formulation. DLX cubogel was evaluated using differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. Cytotoxicity study, ex vivo permeation study and in vivo bio-distribution study were conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of brain targeting. Results: The optimum cubo-gel was composed of 3.76 lipid ratio, 20% w/v PF127, and 5% w/v PF68. It had PS of 265.13 ± 9.85 nm, GT of 32 ± 0.05°C, EE% of 98.13 ± 0.50%, and showed controlled release behavior where 33% DLX was released within 6 hrs. The plain in situ cubo-gel had a significantly higher IC 50 compared to DLX solution and DLX-loaded in situ cubo-gel. The ex vivo permeation study showed 1.27 enhancement in the drug permeation from DLX in situ cubo-gel. According to the in vivo bio-distribution study in plasma and brain, the intranasal DLX in situ cubo-gel showed a 1.96 fold improvement in brain bioavailability compared to the intranasal solution. Its BTE% and DTP% were 137.77 and 10.5, respectively, indicating efficient brain targeting after intranasal administration. Conclusion: Accordingly, intranasal DLX in situ cubo-gel can be considered as an innovative nano-carrier delivery system for bioavailability enhancement and efficient brain targeting of DLX to maximize its effect.
Bulletin of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Assiut, 2020
Respiratory viruses causes lower and upper respiratory tract infections; LRTIs and URTIs. These i... more Respiratory viruses causes lower and upper respiratory tract infections; LRTIs and URTIs. These infections are from the predominant causes of infections, especially in children and infants. Objective: This study, provides the evidence of using modern techniques as the multiplex PCR method, as a helpful tool in identifying the circulating pattern of respiratory viruses, in Egypt, thus this could help in identifying and inventing new treatment and vaccines. Subjects and methods: A number of 237 nasopharyngeal aspirates, were collected between December 2013 to November 2014, from 2 Egyptian fever hospitals, classified into 3 groups; group 1; 37 normal persons, group 2; 100 patients with LRTIs or pneumatic group and group 3; 100 patients with URTIs or common cold group. The results were then assayed using multiplex RT-PCR, in the
Drug Delivery, 2020
The work aimed to improve both absorption and hepatic availability of sofosbuvir. Bilosomes and g... more The work aimed to improve both absorption and hepatic availability of sofosbuvir. Bilosomes and galactose-anchored bilosomes were investigated as potential nanocarriers for this purpose. Sofosbuvir is a class III drug with high solubility and low permeability. Thus, the drug entrapment into lipid-based galactose-anchored carriers would enhance drug permeability and improve its liver availability. The galactosylated taurocholate was designed and synthesized based on molecular docking studies, where both galactose and taurocholate molecules were connected in a way to avoid affecting crucial interactions and avoid steric clashes with their cellular uptake receptors. The suggested nano-carriers were prepared using a thin-film hydration technique with sodium taurocholate and span 60 as stabilizers. The prepared formulae were statistically optimized using a central composite design. The optimized plain and galactosylated formulae, composed of SAA to drug ratio of 1:1 w/w and sodium taurocholate to span ratio of 10:1 w/w, have a vesicular size, zeta potential and entrapment efficiency in the range of 140-150 nm, À50 mV and 85%, respectively. The optimized formulae were lyophilized to increase their physical stability and facilitate accurate drug dosing. In vivo results showed that Sofosbuvir availability in the liver was significantly increased after oral administration of the plain and the galactosylated bilosomal formulae when compared to the oral drug solution with relative targeting efficiencies (RTIs) of 1.51 and 3.66, respectively. These findings confirmed the hypothesis of considering the galactosylated bilosomes a promising nanocarrier to efficiently target sofosbuvir to the liver.
Drug Delivery and Translational Research, 2020
Statins are mainly used for the treatment of hyperlipidemia, but recently, their anticancer role ... more Statins are mainly used for the treatment of hyperlipidemia, but recently, their anticancer role was extremely investigated. The goal of this study was to statistically optimize novel elastic nanovesicles containing rosuvastatin calcium to improve its transdermal permeability, bioavailability, and anticancer effect. The elastic nanovesicles were composed of Tween® 80, cetyl alcohol, and clove oil. The nanodispersions were investigated for their entrapment efficiency, particle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, and elasticity. The optimized elastic nanovesicular dispersion is composed of 20% cetyl alcohol, 53.47% Tween 80, and 26.53% clove oil. Carboxy methylcellulose was utilized to convert the optimized elastic nanovesicular dispersion into elastic nanovesicular gels. Both the optimized dispersion and the optimized gel (containing 2% w/v carboxymethylcellulose) were subjected to in vitro release study, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, histopathological evaluation, and ex vivo permeation. The cell viability assay of the optimized gel on MCF-7 and Hela cell lines showed significant antiproliferative and potent cytotoxic effects when compared to the drug gel. Moreover, the optimized gel accomplished a significant increase in rosuvastatin bioavailability upon comparison with the drug gel. The optimized gel could be considered as a promising nanocarrier for statins transdermal delivery to increase their systemic bioavailability and anticancer effect.
Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology, 2020
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
International Journal of Pharmaceutics, 2018
Development of efficient ocular drug delivery system for antifungal drugs becomes a must nowadays... more Development of efficient ocular drug delivery system for antifungal drugs becomes a must nowadays to face and eradicate the widely spread ophthalmic fungal infections. Itraconazole, a triazole antifungal, is struggling to penetrate the cornea and subsequently, its efficacy is limited. The aim of this study was to enhance itraconazole corneal penetration through utilizing the minimum surfactant amount in presence of β-cyclodextrin which acted as a dissolution and permeation enhancer. β-Cyclodextrin consolidated micellar dispersions (CCMD) were prepared after an initial screening to select the composition of surfactant(s). The preparation was done according to a modified melt dispersion technique. The prepared CCMD were characterized through the analysis of their particle size, zeta potential and solubilization efficiency. The optimum formula was chosen based on a factorial response surface analysis and it was composed of 17:1 w/w surfactant/drug, 30:1 w/w cyclodextrin/drug ratios and 0.02% polyethylene oxide. This formula was subjected to in vitro characterization including release, imaging by transmission electron microscope, mucoadhesion, stability, in addition to the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration. Moreover, the ex vivo/in vivo permeation, safety and efficacy profiles were determined. The optimized CCMD formula was found to be significantly safe, stable, mucoadhesive and efficient to permeate the drug through rabbits' corneas. Consequently, the optimized CCMD formulation can be a promising, safe and efficient platform for the transcorneal delivery of lipophilic drugs including most antifungals.
Pharmaceutics, 2019
In situ forming nanovesicular systems (IFNs) were prepared and optimized to improve Rosuvastatin ... more In situ forming nanovesicular systems (IFNs) were prepared and optimized to improve Rosuvastatin calcium (RC) oral bioavailability through increasing its solubility and dissolution rate. The IFN was composed of Tween® 80 (T80), cetyl alcohol (CA), in addition to mannitol or Aerosil 200. A single simple step was adopted for preparation, then the prepared formulations were investigated by analyzing their particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PDI), Zeta potential (ZP), entrapment efficiency (EE), and flowability properties. D-optimal design was applied to choose the optimized formulations. The maximum desirability values were 0.754 and 0.478 for the optimized formulations containing 0.05 g CA, 0.18 g T80, and 0.5 g mannitol (OFM) or Aerosil (OFA), respectively. In vitro drug release from the optimized formulations showed a significantly faster dissolution rate when compared to the market product. In vivo performance of the optimized formulations in rabbits was investigated after fi...
Journal of Pharmaceutical Care & Health Systems, 2018
Journal of Liposome Research, 2019
Niosomes as drug delivery systems have the ability to decrease drugs' side effects and increase t... more Niosomes as drug delivery systems have the ability to decrease drugs' side effects and increase their therapeutic effectiveness. Metformin HCl is an oral anti-hyperglycemic agent belonging to biguanides. It is the most commonly chosen drug as a start-up therapy for patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. This study aims to encapsulate metformin HCl inside niosomes to be used as a transdermal formulation helping to prolong its anti-diabetic effect and investigate its ability to enhance wound healing in diabetic patients. Thin film hydration method was used to prepare metformin HCl niosomes using different proportions of Span 60, Span 40, Tween 80 and cholesterol. All formulations were characterized using transmission electron microscope, zeta potential and vesicle size. In-vitro release studies, stability studies and in-vivo evaluation were conducted on selected niosomal formulations. The results of entrapment efficiency ranged from 13% to 32%. Vesicle sizes were determined in nano-range. The in-vitro release profile of metformin HCl from niosomes occurred in two consecutive phases. Biological evaluation on diabetic rats revealed that metformin HCl niosomal gel given every two days showed a better sustained anti-diabetic effect than oral doses given daily. It also showed an improvement in wound healing for diabetic rats given metformin formulations compared to nontreated ones.
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Papers by Ibrahim Elsayed