Ian Catling

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Papers by Ian Catling

A review of developments in vehicle navigation systems worldwide

The background to vehicle navigation systems is presented and three categories of navigation aid ... more The background to vehicle navigation systems is presented and three categories of navigation aid are identified: radio navigation systems, autonomous navigation systems and infrastructure-based systems. These systems are described together with examples. The paper concludes with a discussion of the likely future implementation of dynamic route guidance systems. (A) For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 850768.

SOCRATES-progress towards commercial implementation

Pacific Rim TransTech Conference. 1995 Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference Proceedings. 6th International VNIS. A Ride into the Future

During the DRIVE 1 and DRIVE 2 programmes, the SOCRATES research projects developed the concept o... more During the DRIVE 1 and DRIVE 2 programmes, the SOCRATES research projects developed the concept of using cellular radio for providing digital data into on-board computers to provide a range of applications, including dynamic route guidance and emergency call. The major achievements during DRIVE 2 provided the foundations upon which commercial services can be established. They include; the formulation of

International Conference on Road Traffic Data Collection Held Institution of Electrical Engineers, London, December 5-7 1984 (Contd) Automatic Vehicle Classification. Part B-Recent Developments

Publication of: INSTITUTION OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS, 1984

(continued from TRIS 394811). The Use of Automatic Vehicle Identification Devices with Weigh-in-M... more (continued from TRIS 394811). The Use of Automatic Vehicle Identification Devices with Weigh-in-Motion Systems: The Oregon Experiment (Krukar, M and Henion, L); Od-Matrix Obtained by Means of IVOM (Tegenbos, R); The Elimination of Errors from Traffic Counts Used for the Estimation of an Od-Matrix (Van Zuylen, HJ); The Application of Fourier Series to Traffic Flow Data (Goldsmith, DW, Jackson, PR and Jones, DR); Data Management in SCOOT Traffic Control Systems (Walmsley, J); The Potential of Automatic Vehicle Identification (Salter, DR); Automatic Data Collection in Hong Kong (Catling, I and Turner, JD); Taiwan Tunnel, More than a Traffic Control System (Hoving, A); Loops for Surveillance (Whittingham, ML); The Australian Road Research Board Video Based Vehicle Presence Detector (Dods, JS); Analysis of Video Recordings and Data Processing (Mortelmans, J and Venstermans, L); Video Image Processing for Monitoring Road Traffic (Dickinson, KW and Waterfall, RC); A Traffic Flow Measuring System Using a Solid-State Image Sensor (Takaba, S, Sekine, T and Hwang, BW). (continued on TRIS 394813). (TRRL)

A Review of Development in Vehicle Navigation Systems Worldwide

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AUTOMOTIVE, 1989

A Review of Electronic Fee Collection (Efc) Using Vehicle Positioning Systems (VPS), and of Prospects for the Future

Road User Charging (RUC), Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) and Electronic Toll Collection (ETC), col... more Road User Charging (RUC), Electronic Road Pricing (ERP) and Electronic Toll Collection (ETC), collectively known as Electronic Fee Collection (EFC), are increasingly important ITS applications. The technical development of EFC has until recently been largely focused on Dedicated Short-Range Communications (DSRC). The combination of an on-board positioning capability, typically using the GPS satellite system, with on-board processing and mobile communications now offers a viable alternative technology option for EFC. Policy decisions in both Germany and the UK will lead to the implementation of distance based charging systems for heavy goods vehicles within the next few years, and both systems are expected to be based on this approach - generically referred to as based on Vehicle Positioning Systems (VPS). VPS is fast becoming a viable alternative to DSRC, particularly where there are concerns over the environmental intrusion of roadside DSRC infrastructure and where integration with...

Travel and Traffic Information: A Review of Current European Developments

In-vehicle information systems using new generations of communications and information technology... more In-vehicle information systems using new generations of communications and information technology are already with us. Developments in the European programmes DRIVE and PROMETHEUS are aimed at bringing closer full commercial implementation of sophisticated travel and traffic information systems which will provide benefits both to individual users and to the community in terms ofimproved transport efficiency. The objectives of many projects include the integration of several applications of Advanced Road Transport Telematics (ATT), often focusing on the provision of better information to travellers. This paper reviews recent and current European developments in in-vehicle information systems and plans for integration with public transport information, fleet management and traffic control systems. It summarises the current pilot projects and looks ahead to the commercial implementation of some of the systems on trial. (A) For the covering abstract of the conference see IRRD 855511.

Dubsafe: Using Att to Improve Accident Recording

The DUBSAFE sub-project is developing an accident recording system using Advanced Transport Telem... more The DUBSAFE sub-project is developing an accident recording system using Advanced Transport Telematics (ATT) to improve existing methods. The DubSafe system is designed to improve the accuracy of accident data whilst being easy to use and lower in cost than similar systems which require dedicated vehicles. DubSafe includes the development of a prototype system to demonstrate the functionality of the full system, together with a field trial in which the use of the prototype system is being assessed. Although DUBSAFE is a relatively small part of the ATT Programme, it addresses the problems, common throughout the European Union, of inaccurate data recording and the under-reporting of accidents. (A) For the covering abstract see IRRD 868006.

The DRIVE programme in the European Community

Tabasco - Demonstrating Intelligent Transport Systems

This paper describes the TABASCO (Telematics Applications in BAvaria, SCotland and Others) projec... more This paper describes the TABASCO (Telematics Applications in BAvaria, SCotland and Others) project. TABASCO is a European demonstration project implementing multi-modal information and control systems as a contribution towards solving transport problems of cities in regions. The focus of the project is the user-oriented validation of transport telematics systems implemented in cities and in their surrounding regions, and on the integration of these systems to produce a more efficient transport system as a whole. The project builds on the results and experience of the DRIVE 2 projects LLAMD and QUO VADIS in particular. The main telematics systems demonstrated are control strategies and systems (including variable message signs) for urban, regional and integrated (i.e. linked urban and regional) traffic management, public transport traveller and Park & Ride information, event management on motorways, the interconnection of traffic information and control centres, and urban traffic con...

Socrates - Demonstrations and Progress Towards Commercial Implementation

Road user charging based on satellite positioning systems and cellular network communication: progress on standardisation and interoperability

European Congress on Intelligent Transportation Systems and Services, 4th, 2004, Budapest, Hungary, 2004

This paper briefly reviews the current status of Road User Charging (RUC) or Electronic Fee Colle... more This paper briefly reviews the current status of Road User Charging (RUC) or Electronic Fee Collection (EFC) systems based on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and communication using Cellular Networks (CN). It reports on the technology in use or being developed or considered for charging for heavy goods vehicles in Switzerland, Germany, the UK, the Netherlands and New Zealand, as well as reporting on interest in a number of other countries around the world. The paper focuses on progress in the achievement of interoperability between EFC systems using GNSS/CN, through standardisation and activities to support the proposed European Directive on interoperability of Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) systems. It reports specifically on the progress of the Contract Team which is working on behalf of the European Commission to complete the draft ISO standard 17575 and to draft the proposed Minimum Interoperability Specification (MIS) as the basis for European interoperability.

The LLAMD Euro-Project: Integrated transport telematics in five European cities

Proceedings of VNIS '93 - Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference

The main objective of the European Commission's current DRIVE programme of advanced transport... more The main objective of the European Commission's current DRIVE programme of advanced transport telematics (ATT) is to validate results from DRIVE 1 projects by means of fields trials, or pilot projects. There is a strong emphasis on the integration of ATT applications within pilot projects. The LLAMD (London, Lyon, Amsterdam, Munich and Dublin) Euro-Project, together with its sib-project Margot is playing an important role in investigating aspects of the integration of ATT applications into an Integrated Road Transport Environment (IRTE). London, Lyon, Amsterdam, Munich and Dublin are combining within LLAMD to implement integrated ATT applications; there is a particular emphasis on travel and traffic information. The background and scope of the LLAMD project are described.

Europe's Vision of Tomorrow's Traffic

The Socrates Projects: An Overview of Progress in the Att Programme

SOCRATES stands for "System Of Cellular RAdio for Traffic Efficiency and Safety". The p... more SOCRATES stands for "System Of Cellular RAdio for Traffic Efficiency and Safety". The paper assesses the status of the development of SOCRATES systems in Europe, providing an update on what many consider to be the technology with the greatest potential for successfully achieving the realisation of an Integrated Road Transport Environment (IRTE). Using SOCRATES, computers in vehicles receive detailed up-to- the-minute information about traffic conditions. Drivers receive guidance on the best routes and relevant information to help them complete their journeys. SOCRATES services will integrate with public transport and parking information in order to help to use the complete transport infrastructure most efficiently. Other services available using SOCRATES will include an emergency call facility and fleet management applications. The trials described include: a) RHAPIT; b) APPLE; and c) TANGO (Traffic information And Navigation for GOthenburg). (A) For the covering abstract ...

Road Pricing in Hong Kong

Surveyor magazine, 1984

The proposed installation of an electronic road pricing (ERP) system in Hong Kong iss briefly des... more The proposed installation of an electronic road pricing (ERP) system in Hong Kong iss briefly described. Major components of the system are (1) electronic number plate (ENP) fitted to vehicles, (2) toll site comprising a loop array in the road, an outstation and optional toll signs, (3) data transmission system, (4) control centre, (5) CCTV enforcement system which records and transmits to the control centre photographs of vehicles about which there is a query. Potential advantages of the system in providing traffic engineers and transport planners with historical and real time data on traffic counts, axle counts, routes, journey times and trop matrices are also discussed. (TRRL)

A Time-Dependent Approach to Junction Delays

Traffic engineering and control, 1977

When demand at a junction is close to or above saturation and is varying with time, conventional ... more When demand at a junction is close to or above saturation and is varying with time, conventional steady-state delay formulae are inapplicable. The formulae presented in this paper extend previous work on a dynamic delay formulae to the case of time-dependent demand. A peak period is divided into a series of short intervals during each of which demand is considered to be stationary. By taking into account the mean queue length at the beginning and end of each interval, a representation of average delay is obtained which compares favourably both with more complex analytical formulae and with results of simulations.(a) /TRRL/

Autoguide - Route Guidance in the United Kingdom. In: Conference Record of Papers Presented at the First Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference, Toronto, Ontario, Canada - September 11-13, 1989

Autoguide is the name given in the UK to in-vehicle route guidance systems which are dynamic, i.e... more Autoguide is the name given in the UK to in-vehicle route guidance systems which are dynamic, i.e. they give routeing recommendations to drivers which depend on real-time traffic conditions. This paper outlines the basic principles of the Autoguide system, describes what it is like to use it as a driver, and gives an overview of recent progress which currently includes the development of a large-scale pilot system, building upon the success of the earlier London demonstration scheme.

Area Traffic Control Systems and Electronic Road Pricing in Hong Kong

Tabasco-Steps Forward to Improve Transport System in Europe

The TABASCO (Telematics Applications in Bavaria, Scotland and Others) initiative is developing mo... more The TABASCO (Telematics Applications in Bavaria, Scotland and Others) initiative is developing more reliable transport systems to meet the needs of the citizens, the economy, and the environment, and demonstrating this improvement in the European context. Significant improvements are being made to transport systems based on public and private sector investment in Advanced Transport Telematics (ATT). TABASCO is a European demonstration project to implement multi-modal information and control systems as a means to solve transport problems of cities. The focus of the project is user oriented validation of transport telematics systems developed and implemented in cities and the regions surrounding them. This paper describes the current status and planned developments of the TABASCO project. Priorities include environmental management, fleet management, vehicle control, evaluation and user needs, urban and regional policies, and dissemination and coordination. TABASCO is providing the co...

Socrates-Steps Forward Towards Commercial Implementation

During the DRIVE 1 and DRIVE 2 programs, the SOCRATES research projects developed the concept of ... more During the DRIVE 1 and DRIVE 2 programs, the SOCRATES research projects developed the concept of using cellular radio for providing digital data to on-board computers to provide a range of applications, including dynamic route guidance and emergency call. The major achievements during DRIVE 2 provided the foundations upon which commercial services can be established. They include: 1) the formulation of a commercial framework for SOCRATES services and an analysis of the SOCRATES business case; 2) the promotion of the general packet radio service in the GSM specification, to include SOCRATES requirements; and 3) the publishing of the SOCRATES application data protocol and its acceptance as the basis for a draft standard by CEN Technical Committee 278 Working Group 4.3. This paper presents a review of the DRIVE 2 SOCRATES projects, identifies some of the research topics that are still being addressed in the development of SOCRATES systems and services, and describes the way in which th...

A review of developments in vehicle navigation systems worldwide

SOCRATES-progress towards commercial implementation

Pacific Rim TransTech Conference. 1995 Vehicle Navigation and Information Systems Conference Proceedings. 6th International VNIS. A Ride into the Future