Papers by Hassan Al-Rabiah
EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
Energy & Fuels, 2014
ABSTRACT Three vacuum residual oils (VR) derived from Ratawi Burgan (RB), Lower Fars (LF), and Eo... more ABSTRACT Three vacuum residual oils (VR) derived from Ratawi Burgan (RB), Lower Fars (LF), and Eocene (EOC) crude oils were subjected to thermal cracking in a pilot plant, which simulates the Eureka process, to produce cracked distillate petroleum products and residual pitch. The cracking reaction was performed at 430 °C for 50 min. The chemical composition of the produced cracked petroleum products and byproduct pitch was studied to determine its relationship to the variations in the properties of the feedstock. Saturates, aromatics, resins and asphaltenes (SARA) analysis of the vacuum residues, cracked oils, and pitch show that the residues and pitch consist mainly of aromatic hydrocarbons (VR: 94 wt %; pitch: 99 wt %), while the oils themselves contain about 42 wt % saturated hydrocarbons (oilRB: 46 wt %; oilEOC: 44 wt %; oilLF: 36 wt %). 1H and 13C NMR revealed that the VRs consist predominantly of alkyl aromatics with di-, tri- (aromatics, resins), and polyaromatic rings (asphaltenes) that thermally decompose splitting the molecules into saturated lower molecular weight hydrocarbons and aromatics having lower aliphatic carbon attached to it. Regardless of the feed, all oils contain more aliphatic (∼62 wt %) than aromatic carbon (∼21 wt %). The cata-condensed aromatic moiety in the oil is triaromatic. The effect of feedstock on the chemical composition of the oil and pitch is most prominent for the aromatic and asphaltenic fractions.
Instrumentation Science & Technology, 2009
Use of stone and brick wall as high thermal mass is a common strategy in residential and commerci... more Use of stone and brick wall as high thermal mass is a common strategy in residential and commercial buildings in a hot tropical country like India for thermal comfort and energy savings. In this paper, thermal monitoring of high thermal mass residential buildings is performed in the composite climate of India for the summer and winter season. Separate mathematical correlations are developed to predict the indoor temperatures, as the functionality of high mass buildings is different for the summer and winter season. Statistical significance of developed correlations is further analyzed and found good correlation coefficient with field measurement. Finally, based on the thermal performance of these high thermal mass monitored buildings to produce thermal comfort indoors, the bio-climatic boundary of ambient conditions for the use of high thermal mass in buildings is developed for one climatic zone of India. The new bio-climatic boundary extends up to an average monthly maximum ambient temperature of about 38.4˚C at 2g/kg specific humidity and follows a tilted line up to 35˚C at 20 g/kg specific humidity for indoor thermal comfort in the composite climate of India. Also, the high mass comfort zone extends to a limit of 40.9˚C when the airspeed is up to 1 m/s using a ceiling fan.
Fuel, 2013
h i g h l i g h t s " A thermal cracking kinetic model was developed for Eureka process. " Result... more h i g h l i g h t s " A thermal cracking kinetic model was developed for Eureka process. " Result analysis revealed that the thermal cracking follows first order kinetic. " The thermal cracking in the Eureka process is dominated by parallel pathways.
Fuel, 2013
h i g h l i g h t s " Thermal cracking of VR in Eureka process results in cracked oil, off-gas, a... more h i g h l i g h t s " Thermal cracking of VR in Eureka process results in cracked oil, off-gas, and pitch. " The quality of the products and yield distribution were investigated. " Result analysis revealed that the thermal cracking follows first order kinetic. " Significant increase in the saturate fraction was observed in the cracked oil. " The stability and compatibility of cracked oils were evaluated.
Fuel, 1998
Four crude oils of diverse API gravities were distilled on an 801 Autodest, Model 800 distillatio... more Four crude oils of diverse API gravities were distilled on an 801 Autodest, Model 800 distillation unit to obtain vacuum gas-oil (VGO) distillates in the boiling range of 360-525°C. These distillates were separated into acids and bases by anion and cation exchange resins, and neutral nitrogenous compounds were removed by ferric chloride (FeC13) on cellulose. Saturates were separated from aromatics by silica-alumina gel chromatography. Characterization of the crude oils and VGO distillates was carried out according to IP and ASTM methods. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used successfully to calculate average molecular parameters and to elucidate an average molecular structure of the separated fractions.
Fuel, 2013
h i g h l i g h t s VRs were thermally cracked simulating the Eureka process. VRs consist to 95 w... more h i g h l i g h t s VRs were thermally cracked simulating the Eureka process. VRs consist to 95 wt% of alkyl-aromatics with 50% aliphatic carbon. Cracking results in cracked oil, off-gas, and pitch. Oil contains about 4 wt% S, aliphatic to aromatic carbon is about 3, and mono-or di-aromatics prevail. Pitch consists of peri-condensed aromatics with %47 wt% to %24 wt% aliphatic carbon.
Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 2019
This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the ad... more This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.
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Papers by Hassan Al-Rabiah