This report presents comparative key indicators of infrastructure development and services in 12 ... more This report presents comparative key indicators of infrastructure development and services in 12 countries between 1980 and 2005. The basic objective is to present a broad and quick comparison across countries of the coverage, efficiency, and quality of key infrastructure services during the past 30 years. The comparisons are presented in a series of charts and graphs based on a comprehensive database of economic, social, financial, and sectoral data indicators maintained by the Centennial Group. Data Sources The underlying data used in this report mostly comes from the World Bank's World Development Indicators 2006, except where noted. Some data also comes from the IMF's International Financial Statistics and World Economic Outlook. While the international data used in this report is not always complete and in many cases is at variance with the national data, it remains the best (and the only practical) basis for intercountry comparisons. Coverage The report covers the following: • Countries: The report covers 12 countries, seven low or middle-income countries (Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mexico, and Turkey) and five upper middle or high-income countries (Japan, Korea, and Singapore in Asia; Chile in LAC; and Germany in Europe). For illustrative purposes, two of the former-India and Brazil-are compared to both sets of countries. First, to the other five other emerging market economies (EMCs), which are either at a similar stage of development or can be regarded as the major competitors in the global market place. And, then to the second set of countries that can be regarded as the current "best practice" in infrastructure services to whose level all other emerging market countries must ultimately rise in order to become truly competitive in the global economy. • Sectors: Five major infrastructure sectors are covered: i) Energy (Energy overall and Power); ii) Transport (Roads, Civil Aviation, Ports and Railways); iii) Water and Sanitation; iv) Telephony; and v) other Information Technology (Internet and Computers).
By VS Sundararajan, Harpaul Alberto Kohli, Claudio Loser, Harinder Kohli and Adina Goldstein; The... more By VS Sundararajan, Harpaul Alberto Kohli, Claudio Loser, Harinder Kohli and Adina Goldstein; The 2009 FDS Index: Index of Financial Development and Strength. ...
No abstract is available for this item. ... To our knowledge, this item is not available for down... more No abstract is available for this item. ... To our knowledge, this item is not available for download. To find whether it is available, there are three options: 1. Check below under "Related research" whether another version of this item is available online. 2. Check on the ...
If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it h... more If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.
Over the next few decades, the United Nations (UN) has projected that the world will experience s... more Over the next few decades, the United Nations (UN) has projected that the world will experience significant demographic shifts due to lower birth rates and longer lifespans. 1 The world's population aged 65 and above will increase from 12 percent today to 16 percent in 2050, doubling the old-age dependency ratio 2 to 25.2. These demographic shifts would have material implications. Population aging and its dynamics will influence a number of economic variables and behavioral responses, particularly economic growth, productivity, labor force participation, consumption choice, personal savings and thus investment, and public finances. Population aging is unavoidable, but public policies and technological advances may limit some of its adverse effects.
At the Emerging Markets Forum in October 2010, initial results were presented from an exercise th... more At the Emerging Markets Forum in October 2010, initial results were presented from an exercise that attempted to measure the resilience of emerging market countries (EMCs) 1 to deal with shocks to their economies. In an earlier paper, it had been argued that rather than de-coupling from the more developed economies, the EMCs-like the advanced countries themselves-were becoming ever more interconnected within the global economic and financial system. Following the crises of the last five years, there is little if any argument that can be presented against this proposition. The crisis that emerged in the United States had immediate negative spillover effects on EMCs: exports, tourism, capital flows, remittances, etc. all declined sharply. This interdependence that now exists requires that countries have the capacity to counter the negative effects on their economies from adverse developments elsewhere. Even beyond that, at least for the larger of the EMCs, those countries can help support the global system in the face of weaknesses elsewhere-as they did in 2009. The index that was presented at the 2010 Forum attempted to measure that capacity, or what we refer to as Resilience. The resilience of a country is a function of many factors. These include the quality of the government, and governance in general; the strength of its institutions, especially the economic and financial policymaking institutions in the country; the soundness of its banking sector-and the financial sector more broadly; the structure of the economy-including such things as its export dependency and diversity,
Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies, May 1, 2013
At the Emerging Markets Forum in October 2010, initial results were presented from an exercise th... more At the Emerging Markets Forum in October 2010, initial results were presented from an exercise that attempted to measure the resilience of emerging market and developing countries (EMDCs) to deal with shocks to their economies. This paper updates, improves upon, and draws conclusions from that index. A key conclusion is that the Resilience Index appears to have the power both to identify economies that are heading to trouble and to identify the specific policy areas of weakness that lie behind their increasing vulnerablility. The Resilience Index can add to the tools of the economic surveillance process—at least as a device to help insure that weaknesses are surfaced, and that deeper analysis is conducted to assess those weaknesses and suggest corrective policies. It is clear from this analysis that building resilience—and making it a priority of policymakers—can pay high dividends. In particular, we show that the Resilience Index clearly demonstrates that emerging weaknesses in many economies were evident well before the global crisis and the crisis in Europe.
This article presents the construction and analysis of a long-run GDP growth model, including sam... more This article presents the construction and analysis of a long-run GDP growth model, including sample results, its sensitivity to parameter choices, and explanations of the concepts underpinning it. It is designed to be flexible so that scholars can use it with their own assumptions and parameter choices to customize results. The model estimates GDP as a function of labor force, capital stock, and total factor productivity (TFP) for 185 countries through 2050 under alternate scenarios. It provides rough esti-mates for real exchange rates, poverty indices, median and percentile incomes and consumption levels, and the populations of the lower, middle, and upper income classes. The model also provides additional evidence for the TFP convergence phenomenon and the effect of the state failure on TFP growth. It can further be used to model stocks, accessibility, and investment requirements for 10 infrastructure sectors. The model can yield counterfactual estimates and actual and roughly es...
This report presents comparative key indicators of infrastructure development and services in 12 ... more This report presents comparative key indicators of infrastructure development and services in 12 countries between 1980 and 2005. The basic objective is to present a broad and quick comparison across countries of the coverage, efficiency, and quality of key infrastructure services during the past 30 years. The comparisons are presented in a series of charts and graphs based on a comprehensive database of economic, social, financial, and sectoral data indicators maintained by the Centennial Group. Data Sources The underlying data used in this report mostly comes from the World Bank's World Development Indicators 2006, except where noted. Some data also comes from the IMF's International Financial Statistics and World Economic Outlook. While the international data used in this report is not always complete and in many cases is at variance with the national data, it remains the best (and the only practical) basis for intercountry comparisons. Coverage The report covers the following: • Countries: The report covers 12 countries, seven low or middle-income countries (Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mexico, and Turkey) and five upper middle or high-income countries (Japan, Korea, and Singapore in Asia; Chile in LAC; and Germany in Europe). For illustrative purposes, two of the former-India and Brazil-are compared to both sets of countries. First, to the other five other emerging market economies (EMCs), which are either at a similar stage of development or can be regarded as the major competitors in the global market place. And, then to the second set of countries that can be regarded as the current "best practice" in infrastructure services to whose level all other emerging market countries must ultimately rise in order to become truly competitive in the global economy. • Sectors: Five major infrastructure sectors are covered: i) Energy (Energy overall and Power); ii) Transport (Roads, Civil Aviation, Ports and Railways); iii) Water and Sanitation; iv) Telephony; and v) other Information Technology (Internet and Computers).
By VS Sundararajan, Harpaul Alberto Kohli, Claudio Loser, Harinder Kohli and Adina Goldstein; The... more By VS Sundararajan, Harpaul Alberto Kohli, Claudio Loser, Harinder Kohli and Adina Goldstein; The 2009 FDS Index: Index of Financial Development and Strength. ...
No abstract is available for this item. ... To our knowledge, this item is not available for down... more No abstract is available for this item. ... To our knowledge, this item is not available for download. To find whether it is available, there are three options: 1. Check below under "Related research" whether another version of this item is available online. 2. Check on the ...
If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it h... more If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.
Over the next few decades, the United Nations (UN) has projected that the world will experience s... more Over the next few decades, the United Nations (UN) has projected that the world will experience significant demographic shifts due to lower birth rates and longer lifespans. 1 The world's population aged 65 and above will increase from 12 percent today to 16 percent in 2050, doubling the old-age dependency ratio 2 to 25.2. These demographic shifts would have material implications. Population aging and its dynamics will influence a number of economic variables and behavioral responses, particularly economic growth, productivity, labor force participation, consumption choice, personal savings and thus investment, and public finances. Population aging is unavoidable, but public policies and technological advances may limit some of its adverse effects.
At the Emerging Markets Forum in October 2010, initial results were presented from an exercise th... more At the Emerging Markets Forum in October 2010, initial results were presented from an exercise that attempted to measure the resilience of emerging market countries (EMCs) 1 to deal with shocks to their economies. In an earlier paper, it had been argued that rather than de-coupling from the more developed economies, the EMCs-like the advanced countries themselves-were becoming ever more interconnected within the global economic and financial system. Following the crises of the last five years, there is little if any argument that can be presented against this proposition. The crisis that emerged in the United States had immediate negative spillover effects on EMCs: exports, tourism, capital flows, remittances, etc. all declined sharply. This interdependence that now exists requires that countries have the capacity to counter the negative effects on their economies from adverse developments elsewhere. Even beyond that, at least for the larger of the EMCs, those countries can help support the global system in the face of weaknesses elsewhere-as they did in 2009. The index that was presented at the 2010 Forum attempted to measure that capacity, or what we refer to as Resilience. The resilience of a country is a function of many factors. These include the quality of the government, and governance in general; the strength of its institutions, especially the economic and financial policymaking institutions in the country; the soundness of its banking sector-and the financial sector more broadly; the structure of the economy-including such things as its export dependency and diversity,
Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies, May 1, 2013
At the Emerging Markets Forum in October 2010, initial results were presented from an exercise th... more At the Emerging Markets Forum in October 2010, initial results were presented from an exercise that attempted to measure the resilience of emerging market and developing countries (EMDCs) to deal with shocks to their economies. This paper updates, improves upon, and draws conclusions from that index. A key conclusion is that the Resilience Index appears to have the power both to identify economies that are heading to trouble and to identify the specific policy areas of weakness that lie behind their increasing vulnerablility. The Resilience Index can add to the tools of the economic surveillance process—at least as a device to help insure that weaknesses are surfaced, and that deeper analysis is conducted to assess those weaknesses and suggest corrective policies. It is clear from this analysis that building resilience—and making it a priority of policymakers—can pay high dividends. In particular, we show that the Resilience Index clearly demonstrates that emerging weaknesses in many economies were evident well before the global crisis and the crisis in Europe.
This article presents the construction and analysis of a long-run GDP growth model, including sam... more This article presents the construction and analysis of a long-run GDP growth model, including sample results, its sensitivity to parameter choices, and explanations of the concepts underpinning it. It is designed to be flexible so that scholars can use it with their own assumptions and parameter choices to customize results. The model estimates GDP as a function of labor force, capital stock, and total factor productivity (TFP) for 185 countries through 2050 under alternate scenarios. It provides rough esti-mates for real exchange rates, poverty indices, median and percentile incomes and consumption levels, and the populations of the lower, middle, and upper income classes. The model also provides additional evidence for the TFP convergence phenomenon and the effect of the state failure on TFP growth. It can further be used to model stocks, accessibility, and investment requirements for 10 infrastructure sectors. The model can yield counterfactual estimates and actual and roughly es...
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