Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, 2013
Ribbond is a biocompatible, esthetic material made from high-strength polyethylene fiber. Lenowov... more Ribbond is a biocompatible, esthetic material made from high-strength polyethylene fiber. Lenowoven polyethylene ribbon (Ribbond) has been used successfully for tooth splinting, replacement of missing teeth, reinforcement of provisional acrylic resin fixed partial dentures, and orthodontic retention. This article presents the application of this polyethylene ribbon - RIBBOND - for the treatment of nursing bottle caries. To conclude we suggest that this combined technique of polyethylene fibers and composite material could be a very efficient alternative procedure to conventional treatment plans in pedodontic practice, with excellent esthetics and functional results.
International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 2014
Epidermal nevi are hamartomas that are characterized by hyperplasia of the epidermis and adnexal ... more Epidermal nevi are hamartomas that are characterized by hyperplasia of the epidermis and adnexal structures, and may be associated with serious disfiguration. Germline mutations in the FGFR3 gene have found to be the etiology of epidermal nevus. Patients often seek treatment from dermatologic surgeons but even an alert dentist can help to diagnose the lesion from its clinical appearance. Various treatment modalities are available and it is the clinician's choice to choose depending upon the patient's condition.
International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry
Delivery of dental care without causing adverse psychological impact upon the child is a challeng... more Delivery of dental care without causing adverse psychological impact upon the child is a challenge that all pediatric dentists face. One of the primary responsibilities of the dentist is to eliminate the anxiety and fear of the patient. Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) is experienced by many patients, which results in a considerable amount of stress in dentists who are under an obligation to treat such patients. 1-3 In patients with severe DFA, the non-pharmacological methods may not work. Pharmacological methodologies which include sedation and general anesthesia (GA) may be the only way forward with such patients. 4 'Sedation and analgesia' is a continuum of states and it ranges from minimal sedation (anxiolysis) through general anesthesia. The states have been defined by the American Dental anesthesia. 5 In GA the patient's cooperation is not essential for its success. The patient is unconscious, is amnesia is present and there is no response to pain, and it may be the only technique that will prove successful for certain patients, such as medically compromised children. The disadvantages that limit its use are the depression of the vital signs and the protective reflexes (can cause laryngospasm). Also, the patient is unconscious which may not be the ideal requirement in certain situations. For administrating general anesthesia, special equipment, advanced training, and an 'anesthesia team' are required. Due to greater risks involved in elective GA procedures, laboratory tests, chest X-rays, and ECG are
Aims and Objectives: The aim was to evaluate the root resorption in pulpectomized deciduous teeth... more Aims and Objectives: The aim was to evaluate the root resorption in pulpectomized deciduous teeth and its correlation with obturation quality using zinc oxide and eugenol (ZOE), Metapex and Endoflas at the interval of 6 and 12 months. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 infected primary mandibular molars were randomly and equally divided into three subgroups (n = 50 each): Group 1 (ZoE), Group 2 (Metapex), and Group 3 (Endoflas) based on the obturation material preferred. The teeth were clinically and radiographically evaluated at 6 and 12 months' postoperatively by another investigator who was blinded to the type of filling material that was used in each tooth. Kruskal–Wallis test, Mann–Whitney Test, and Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test was used for statistical analysis. Results: When the obturation quality was assessed, the optimal filling was found in 78% of the cases while the rest have underfilling (9%) and overfilling (13%). The incidence of overfilling was higher in the cases ...
Dental diagnosis of the disease must consider not only the presence of lesions afflicting the tee... more Dental diagnosis of the disease must consider not only the presence of lesions afflicting the teeth, but other factors including the nature of the oral flora,dietary habits,salivary flow and oral hygiene habits.Current methods for the clinical diagnosis of dental caries involve visual-tactile-radiographic procedures that have been described on numerous occasions and have been in routine use for more than half a century with very little change. It is also widely recognized that carious lesions cannot be detected with conventional methods until they are relatively well advanced and may involve one-third or more of the thickness of enamel. As a result, it is often necessary to restore the lesion rather than attempt alternative measures to reverse or arrest the lesion. This compiled literature attempts to bring various recent advances in diagnosis and treatment planning in the field of Pediatric, Conservative and Endodontic Dentistry under a single roof and thus enables the dentist to r...
Radicular cysts are usually encountered in association with permanent teeth; however, occurrence ... more Radicular cysts are usually encountered in association with permanent teeth; however, occurrence in relation to deciduous teeth seems to be very rare. Caries is the most frequent etiological factor of radicular cysts in the primary dentition. The early diagnosis and treatment relates to the success of such cases. Here, we present a rare case of radicular cyst associated with primary mandibular second molar. The preferred treatment for this case was marsupialization followed by band and loop space maintainer.
The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of different patient information modules on s... more The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of different patient information modules on self performed oral hygiene methods using manual and powered tooth brushes in a group of school children. The study included 200 (two hundred) school children in the age group of 8-11 years, belonging to same socioeconomic strata and were randomly divided into four main groups: Group I, those who did not attend any program. Group II, those who were supervised by their parents. Group III, those who were supervised by school teachers. Group IV, those who were supervised by Dentists.Each main group would further be divided into two sub groups, (a) Those using manual tooth brushes, (b) Those using powered tooth brushes.The knowledge of dental hygiene and practices was imparted to group II, III, & IV at different intervals through separate education modules.The results were then evaluated using KAP, Plaque index and Gingival Index. The change in KAP, PI and GI helped us to statically adjudge t...
Study was done to evaluate and compare the impact strength of reattached fractured incisor tooth ... more Study was done to evaluate and compare the impact strength of reattached fractured incisor tooth using five different adhesive materials 1) Composite 2) Giomer 3) Dual Cure Resin Cement 4) Resin Modified GIC 5) Compomer. Ninety sound freshly extracted human permanent incisors were selected according to the inclusion criteria. 15 teeth were taken as a control (Group I) and remaining 75 teeth were divided equally and randomly into five Groups; Group II – Composite, Group III – Giomer, Group IV – Dual Cure Resin Cement, Group V – Resin Modified GIC, Group VI Compomer based upon the materials to be used for reattachment. The specimen teeth in the experimental groups were fractured by Custom-made vice. The fractured fragments were reattached using their respective adhesive materials. Then the impact resistance was recorded in an impact testing machine and data was analyzed. On comparing the mean impact strength by using One Way ANOVA and Unpaired ‘t’ test it was observed that statistical...
Aims and Objectives: This study was intended to assess the prevalence of dental caries and treatm... more Aims and Objectives: This study was intended to assess the prevalence of dental caries and treatment needs, severity of dental caries and to record the periodontal health status in school going children in rural and urban areas of Ferozepur district and to compare the data between rural and urban areas and among 6, 9 and 12 years (±11 months). Methodology: The PUFA/pufa index was used to determine the severity of dental caries as it records the presence of severely decayed teeth. Plaque index (Silness and Loe) and gingival index (Loe and Silness) were used to assess the gingival status of the children. The data recorded from rural and urban area was statistically analyzed using Chi-square test and paired t-test. Results: The prevalence of caries was found to be more in urban area (71.8%) than the rural area (65.2%). Overall, treatment need was found more in rural (68.16%) than urban (61.6%), but the difference was non-significant. PUFA/pufa score was found more in urban area than rural area. Conclusion: Plaque and gingival indexes were found more in rural than urban population. The lack of dental health awareness, poor oral hygiene measures, socioeconomic status, gender variations, improper dietary habits, and less utilization of dental health-care services is the main reason for the high prevalence of dental caries.
Introduction: Continuous balanced demineralization and remineralization are natural dynamic proce... more Introduction: Continuous balanced demineralization and remineralization are natural dynamic processes in enamel. If the balance is interrupted and demineralization process dominates, it may eventually lead to the development of carious lesions in enamel and dentine. Fluoride helps control decay by enhancing remineralization and altering the structure of the tooth, making the surface less soluble. Methodology: One hundred and twenty sound human permanent incisors randomly and equally distributed into six groups as follows: Group I - Control, II - Sodium fluoride solution, III - Sodium fluoride gel, IV - Sodium fluoride varnish, V - Clinpro Tooth Crème (3M ESPE), and VI-GC Tooth Mousse Plus or MI Paste Plus. The samples were kept in artificial saliva for 12 months, and the topical fluoride agents were applied to the respective sample groups as per the manufacturer instructions. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) evaluation of all the samples after 6 and 12 months was made. Results: Morphological changes on the enamel surface after application of fluoride in SEM revealed the presence of globular precipitate in all treated samples. Amorphous, globular, and crystalline structures were seen on the enamel surface of the treated samples. Clear differences were observed between the treated and untreated samples. Conclusion: Globular structures consisting of amorphous CaF2precipitates, which acted as a fluoride reservoir, were observed on the enamel surface after action of different sodium fluoride agents. CPP-ACPF (Tooth Mousse) and Tricalcium phosphate with fluoride (Clinpro tooth crème) are excellent delivery vehicles available in a slow release amorphous form to localize fluoride at the tooth surface.
Introduction: Dental caries afflicts humans of all ages and in all regions of the world. The dist... more Introduction: Dental caries afflicts humans of all ages and in all regions of the world. The distribution and severity of oral diseases vary in different parts of the world and within the same region. The epidemiological studies help in assessment of need for planning of oral health services or organization of public health intervention programmes. Materials and method: The present study was undertaken to estimate and compare the prevalence of dental caries in 12 years old school going children in rural and urban sets of population in Ferozepur City using SiC index. A school based survey was administered to 1000 school going children residing in urban and rural areas of Ferozepur city, Punjab. 500 subjects each from age group of 12 years + 11 months were randomly selected using stratified sampling method from respective areas. Data was collected through a questionnaire and clinical examination was done by a single examiner using BOHS (Basic Oral Health Survey) method. DMFT (Decayed, Missing and Filled teeth) was measured according to WHO (World Health Organization) criteria and SiC(Significant index of caries) values were calculated and compared including risk factors like socioeconomic status, oral hygiene measures, parent's education, frequent snacking and dietary habits. Results: The overall prevalence of dental caries was found to be 47.8%.Rural study population had higher caries prevalence of 53.8% as compared to the urban with a prevalence of 39.8%.The caries prevalence was higher in females (50.8%) as compared to males (44.8%). The mean DMFT of the total study population was 1.17 with the mean DMFT values amongst rural and urban population of 1.43 and 0.92 respectively. The mean SiC value of the study population was 2.99 with a value of 2.55 in urban and 3.42 in rural study population. Discussion: The prevalence of dental caries score showed significant association with all independent variables like brushing frequency, visit to dentist, dietary habits, gender, sweetened milk, parent's education and frequency of snacking in descending order. The lack of dental health awareness, poor oral hygiene measures, socioeconomic status, gender variations, improper dietary habits and less utilization of dental health care services in Ferozepur are the risk factors associated with the high prevalence of dental caries.
International Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, Aug 29, 2012
Pulp vitality is extremely important for the tooth viability, since it provides nutrition and act... more Pulp vitality is extremely important for the tooth viability, since it provides nutrition and acts as biosensor to detect pathogenic stimuli. In the dental clinic, most dental pulp infections are irreversible due to its anatomical position and organization. It is difficult for the body to eliminate the infection, which subsequently persists and worsens. The widely used strategy currently in the clinic is to partly or fully remove the contaminated pulp tissue, and fill and seal the void space with synthetic material. Over time, the pulpless tooth, now lacking proper blood supply and nervous system, becomes more vulnerable to injury. Recently, potential for successful pulp regeneration and revascularization therapies is increasing due to accumulated knowledge of stem cells, especially dental pulp stem cells. This paper will review current progress and feasible strategies for dental pulp regeneration and revascularization.
International Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, Apr 7, 2011
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different adhesive materials & dif... more Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different adhesive materials & different preparations on fracture resistance of reattached tooth fragments. Material and Methods: 170 sound extracted human permanent incisors were selected.10 teeth were maintained as a control group and remaining 160 teeth were divided equally and randomly into four groups(n=40) based upon the materials used for reattachment. Each group were further divided into four subgroups (n=10) on basis of different preparations. The specimens were fractured & reattached by different adhesives after doing different preparations, and then the specimens were thermocycled in between +5 o C and +55 o C for 150 cycles. All specimens were subjected to test in a universal testing Machine (Instron) at the cross-head speed of 0.5mm/min. The fracture resistance was calculated in Mega-Pascals by dividing force (Newton) with the surface area (sqmm 2) of the fractured surface. Different preparations were compared using independent samples 't' test for two groups. For more than two groups, One-Way Anova and Bonferroni post hoc test was applied. Results: When different preparations were compared by using same material, statistically significant difference was found between all preparations except between chamfer & stair stepchamfer (p > 0.05).On the other hand, when preparation was kept same and different materials were compared, a significant difference was found between all materials with bevel & reverse bevel preparations. In chamfer & stair-step chamfer preparations, statistically significant difference was found between all materials except between compomer& composite and dual-cure resin cement &resin modified G.I.C (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Compomer showed maximum resistance to fracture when chamfer preparation was used but neither the different preparations nor the different materials were able to attain the fracture resistance obtained from intact teeth. The best fracture resistance was about 50 % of intact teeth.
Each year approximately $400 billion is spent treating Americans suffering some type of tissue lo... more Each year approximately $400 billion is spent treating Americans suffering some type of tissue loss or end-stage organ failure. This includes millions of dental and oral craniofacial procedure, ranging from tooth restorations to major reconstruction of facial soft and mineralized tissue. Recently, a population of putative post-natal stem cells in human dental pulp (DPSCs) has been identified within the "cell- rich zone" of dental pulp. The other type of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) was identified to be a population of highly proliferative, clonogenic cells. Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs) can not only be derived from a very accessible tissue resource like SHED but are also capable of providing enough cells for potential cell-based therapies.
Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry
Background: Diffusion hypoxia is the most serious potential complication associated with nitrous ... more Background: Diffusion hypoxia is the most serious potential complication associated with nitrous oxide. It occurs during the recovery period. Hence, administration of 100% oxygen is mandatory as suggested by many authors. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the occurrence/nonoccurrence of diffusion hypoxia in two groups of patients undergoing routine dental treatment under nitrous oxide sedation when one group is subjected to 7 min of postsedation oxygenation and the second group of the patients is made to breathe room air for the similar period. Materials and Methods: A total of sixty patients within the age group of 7–10 years requiring invasive dental procedures were randomly divided into two groups of 30 each using chit method. In the control group, patients were administered 100% oxygen postsedation, whereas, in the study group, patients were made to breathe room air postsedation. Various parameters (pulse rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation [SpO2]) were recorded pre- and post-operatively. Data were collected and then sent for statistical analysis. Results: The mean postoperative SpO2 at measurement times 1, 3, 5, and 7 min in both the groups was higher than the mean preoperative SpO2. This increase was statistically significant. No significant difference was found between the Trieger test scores. Conclusion: This study proves that clinical occurrence of diffusion hypoxia is not possible while following the routine procedure of nitrous oxide sedation.
Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, 2013
Ribbond is a biocompatible, esthetic material made from high-strength polyethylene fiber. Lenowov... more Ribbond is a biocompatible, esthetic material made from high-strength polyethylene fiber. Lenowoven polyethylene ribbon (Ribbond) has been used successfully for tooth splinting, replacement of missing teeth, reinforcement of provisional acrylic resin fixed partial dentures, and orthodontic retention. This article presents the application of this polyethylene ribbon - RIBBOND - for the treatment of nursing bottle caries. To conclude we suggest that this combined technique of polyethylene fibers and composite material could be a very efficient alternative procedure to conventional treatment plans in pedodontic practice, with excellent esthetics and functional results.
International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 2014
Epidermal nevi are hamartomas that are characterized by hyperplasia of the epidermis and adnexal ... more Epidermal nevi are hamartomas that are characterized by hyperplasia of the epidermis and adnexal structures, and may be associated with serious disfiguration. Germline mutations in the FGFR3 gene have found to be the etiology of epidermal nevus. Patients often seek treatment from dermatologic surgeons but even an alert dentist can help to diagnose the lesion from its clinical appearance. Various treatment modalities are available and it is the clinician's choice to choose depending upon the patient's condition.
International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry
Delivery of dental care without causing adverse psychological impact upon the child is a challeng... more Delivery of dental care without causing adverse psychological impact upon the child is a challenge that all pediatric dentists face. One of the primary responsibilities of the dentist is to eliminate the anxiety and fear of the patient. Dental fear and anxiety (DFA) is experienced by many patients, which results in a considerable amount of stress in dentists who are under an obligation to treat such patients. 1-3 In patients with severe DFA, the non-pharmacological methods may not work. Pharmacological methodologies which include sedation and general anesthesia (GA) may be the only way forward with such patients. 4 'Sedation and analgesia' is a continuum of states and it ranges from minimal sedation (anxiolysis) through general anesthesia. The states have been defined by the American Dental anesthesia. 5 In GA the patient's cooperation is not essential for its success. The patient is unconscious, is amnesia is present and there is no response to pain, and it may be the only technique that will prove successful for certain patients, such as medically compromised children. The disadvantages that limit its use are the depression of the vital signs and the protective reflexes (can cause laryngospasm). Also, the patient is unconscious which may not be the ideal requirement in certain situations. For administrating general anesthesia, special equipment, advanced training, and an 'anesthesia team' are required. Due to greater risks involved in elective GA procedures, laboratory tests, chest X-rays, and ECG are
Aims and Objectives: The aim was to evaluate the root resorption in pulpectomized deciduous teeth... more Aims and Objectives: The aim was to evaluate the root resorption in pulpectomized deciduous teeth and its correlation with obturation quality using zinc oxide and eugenol (ZOE), Metapex and Endoflas at the interval of 6 and 12 months. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 infected primary mandibular molars were randomly and equally divided into three subgroups (n = 50 each): Group 1 (ZoE), Group 2 (Metapex), and Group 3 (Endoflas) based on the obturation material preferred. The teeth were clinically and radiographically evaluated at 6 and 12 months' postoperatively by another investigator who was blinded to the type of filling material that was used in each tooth. Kruskal–Wallis test, Mann–Whitney Test, and Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test was used for statistical analysis. Results: When the obturation quality was assessed, the optimal filling was found in 78% of the cases while the rest have underfilling (9%) and overfilling (13%). The incidence of overfilling was higher in the cases ...
Dental diagnosis of the disease must consider not only the presence of lesions afflicting the tee... more Dental diagnosis of the disease must consider not only the presence of lesions afflicting the teeth, but other factors including the nature of the oral flora,dietary habits,salivary flow and oral hygiene habits.Current methods for the clinical diagnosis of dental caries involve visual-tactile-radiographic procedures that have been described on numerous occasions and have been in routine use for more than half a century with very little change. It is also widely recognized that carious lesions cannot be detected with conventional methods until they are relatively well advanced and may involve one-third or more of the thickness of enamel. As a result, it is often necessary to restore the lesion rather than attempt alternative measures to reverse or arrest the lesion. This compiled literature attempts to bring various recent advances in diagnosis and treatment planning in the field of Pediatric, Conservative and Endodontic Dentistry under a single roof and thus enables the dentist to r...
Radicular cysts are usually encountered in association with permanent teeth; however, occurrence ... more Radicular cysts are usually encountered in association with permanent teeth; however, occurrence in relation to deciduous teeth seems to be very rare. Caries is the most frequent etiological factor of radicular cysts in the primary dentition. The early diagnosis and treatment relates to the success of such cases. Here, we present a rare case of radicular cyst associated with primary mandibular second molar. The preferred treatment for this case was marsupialization followed by band and loop space maintainer.
The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of different patient information modules on s... more The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of different patient information modules on self performed oral hygiene methods using manual and powered tooth brushes in a group of school children. The study included 200 (two hundred) school children in the age group of 8-11 years, belonging to same socioeconomic strata and were randomly divided into four main groups: Group I, those who did not attend any program. Group II, those who were supervised by their parents. Group III, those who were supervised by school teachers. Group IV, those who were supervised by Dentists.Each main group would further be divided into two sub groups, (a) Those using manual tooth brushes, (b) Those using powered tooth brushes.The knowledge of dental hygiene and practices was imparted to group II, III, & IV at different intervals through separate education modules.The results were then evaluated using KAP, Plaque index and Gingival Index. The change in KAP, PI and GI helped us to statically adjudge t...
Study was done to evaluate and compare the impact strength of reattached fractured incisor tooth ... more Study was done to evaluate and compare the impact strength of reattached fractured incisor tooth using five different adhesive materials 1) Composite 2) Giomer 3) Dual Cure Resin Cement 4) Resin Modified GIC 5) Compomer. Ninety sound freshly extracted human permanent incisors were selected according to the inclusion criteria. 15 teeth were taken as a control (Group I) and remaining 75 teeth were divided equally and randomly into five Groups; Group II – Composite, Group III – Giomer, Group IV – Dual Cure Resin Cement, Group V – Resin Modified GIC, Group VI Compomer based upon the materials to be used for reattachment. The specimen teeth in the experimental groups were fractured by Custom-made vice. The fractured fragments were reattached using their respective adhesive materials. Then the impact resistance was recorded in an impact testing machine and data was analyzed. On comparing the mean impact strength by using One Way ANOVA and Unpaired ‘t’ test it was observed that statistical...
Aims and Objectives: This study was intended to assess the prevalence of dental caries and treatm... more Aims and Objectives: This study was intended to assess the prevalence of dental caries and treatment needs, severity of dental caries and to record the periodontal health status in school going children in rural and urban areas of Ferozepur district and to compare the data between rural and urban areas and among 6, 9 and 12 years (±11 months). Methodology: The PUFA/pufa index was used to determine the severity of dental caries as it records the presence of severely decayed teeth. Plaque index (Silness and Loe) and gingival index (Loe and Silness) were used to assess the gingival status of the children. The data recorded from rural and urban area was statistically analyzed using Chi-square test and paired t-test. Results: The prevalence of caries was found to be more in urban area (71.8%) than the rural area (65.2%). Overall, treatment need was found more in rural (68.16%) than urban (61.6%), but the difference was non-significant. PUFA/pufa score was found more in urban area than rural area. Conclusion: Plaque and gingival indexes were found more in rural than urban population. The lack of dental health awareness, poor oral hygiene measures, socioeconomic status, gender variations, improper dietary habits, and less utilization of dental health-care services is the main reason for the high prevalence of dental caries.
Introduction: Continuous balanced demineralization and remineralization are natural dynamic proce... more Introduction: Continuous balanced demineralization and remineralization are natural dynamic processes in enamel. If the balance is interrupted and demineralization process dominates, it may eventually lead to the development of carious lesions in enamel and dentine. Fluoride helps control decay by enhancing remineralization and altering the structure of the tooth, making the surface less soluble. Methodology: One hundred and twenty sound human permanent incisors randomly and equally distributed into six groups as follows: Group I - Control, II - Sodium fluoride solution, III - Sodium fluoride gel, IV - Sodium fluoride varnish, V - Clinpro Tooth Crème (3M ESPE), and VI-GC Tooth Mousse Plus or MI Paste Plus. The samples were kept in artificial saliva for 12 months, and the topical fluoride agents were applied to the respective sample groups as per the manufacturer instructions. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) evaluation of all the samples after 6 and 12 months was made. Results: Morphological changes on the enamel surface after application of fluoride in SEM revealed the presence of globular precipitate in all treated samples. Amorphous, globular, and crystalline structures were seen on the enamel surface of the treated samples. Clear differences were observed between the treated and untreated samples. Conclusion: Globular structures consisting of amorphous CaF2precipitates, which acted as a fluoride reservoir, were observed on the enamel surface after action of different sodium fluoride agents. CPP-ACPF (Tooth Mousse) and Tricalcium phosphate with fluoride (Clinpro tooth crème) are excellent delivery vehicles available in a slow release amorphous form to localize fluoride at the tooth surface.
Introduction: Dental caries afflicts humans of all ages and in all regions of the world. The dist... more Introduction: Dental caries afflicts humans of all ages and in all regions of the world. The distribution and severity of oral diseases vary in different parts of the world and within the same region. The epidemiological studies help in assessment of need for planning of oral health services or organization of public health intervention programmes. Materials and method: The present study was undertaken to estimate and compare the prevalence of dental caries in 12 years old school going children in rural and urban sets of population in Ferozepur City using SiC index. A school based survey was administered to 1000 school going children residing in urban and rural areas of Ferozepur city, Punjab. 500 subjects each from age group of 12 years + 11 months were randomly selected using stratified sampling method from respective areas. Data was collected through a questionnaire and clinical examination was done by a single examiner using BOHS (Basic Oral Health Survey) method. DMFT (Decayed, Missing and Filled teeth) was measured according to WHO (World Health Organization) criteria and SiC(Significant index of caries) values were calculated and compared including risk factors like socioeconomic status, oral hygiene measures, parent's education, frequent snacking and dietary habits. Results: The overall prevalence of dental caries was found to be 47.8%.Rural study population had higher caries prevalence of 53.8% as compared to the urban with a prevalence of 39.8%.The caries prevalence was higher in females (50.8%) as compared to males (44.8%). The mean DMFT of the total study population was 1.17 with the mean DMFT values amongst rural and urban population of 1.43 and 0.92 respectively. The mean SiC value of the study population was 2.99 with a value of 2.55 in urban and 3.42 in rural study population. Discussion: The prevalence of dental caries score showed significant association with all independent variables like brushing frequency, visit to dentist, dietary habits, gender, sweetened milk, parent's education and frequency of snacking in descending order. The lack of dental health awareness, poor oral hygiene measures, socioeconomic status, gender variations, improper dietary habits and less utilization of dental health care services in Ferozepur are the risk factors associated with the high prevalence of dental caries.
International Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, Aug 29, 2012
Pulp vitality is extremely important for the tooth viability, since it provides nutrition and act... more Pulp vitality is extremely important for the tooth viability, since it provides nutrition and acts as biosensor to detect pathogenic stimuli. In the dental clinic, most dental pulp infections are irreversible due to its anatomical position and organization. It is difficult for the body to eliminate the infection, which subsequently persists and worsens. The widely used strategy currently in the clinic is to partly or fully remove the contaminated pulp tissue, and fill and seal the void space with synthetic material. Over time, the pulpless tooth, now lacking proper blood supply and nervous system, becomes more vulnerable to injury. Recently, potential for successful pulp regeneration and revascularization therapies is increasing due to accumulated knowledge of stem cells, especially dental pulp stem cells. This paper will review current progress and feasible strategies for dental pulp regeneration and revascularization.
International Journal of Contemporary Dentistry, Apr 7, 2011
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different adhesive materials & dif... more Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different adhesive materials & different preparations on fracture resistance of reattached tooth fragments. Material and Methods: 170 sound extracted human permanent incisors were selected.10 teeth were maintained as a control group and remaining 160 teeth were divided equally and randomly into four groups(n=40) based upon the materials used for reattachment. Each group were further divided into four subgroups (n=10) on basis of different preparations. The specimens were fractured & reattached by different adhesives after doing different preparations, and then the specimens were thermocycled in between +5 o C and +55 o C for 150 cycles. All specimens were subjected to test in a universal testing Machine (Instron) at the cross-head speed of 0.5mm/min. The fracture resistance was calculated in Mega-Pascals by dividing force (Newton) with the surface area (sqmm 2) of the fractured surface. Different preparations were compared using independent samples 't' test for two groups. For more than two groups, One-Way Anova and Bonferroni post hoc test was applied. Results: When different preparations were compared by using same material, statistically significant difference was found between all preparations except between chamfer & stair stepchamfer (p > 0.05).On the other hand, when preparation was kept same and different materials were compared, a significant difference was found between all materials with bevel & reverse bevel preparations. In chamfer & stair-step chamfer preparations, statistically significant difference was found between all materials except between compomer& composite and dual-cure resin cement &resin modified G.I.C (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Compomer showed maximum resistance to fracture when chamfer preparation was used but neither the different preparations nor the different materials were able to attain the fracture resistance obtained from intact teeth. The best fracture resistance was about 50 % of intact teeth.
Each year approximately $400 billion is spent treating Americans suffering some type of tissue lo... more Each year approximately $400 billion is spent treating Americans suffering some type of tissue loss or end-stage organ failure. This includes millions of dental and oral craniofacial procedure, ranging from tooth restorations to major reconstruction of facial soft and mineralized tissue. Recently, a population of putative post-natal stem cells in human dental pulp (DPSCs) has been identified within the "cell- rich zone" of dental pulp. The other type of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) was identified to be a population of highly proliferative, clonogenic cells. Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs) can not only be derived from a very accessible tissue resource like SHED but are also capable of providing enough cells for potential cell-based therapies.
Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry
Background: Diffusion hypoxia is the most serious potential complication associated with nitrous ... more Background: Diffusion hypoxia is the most serious potential complication associated with nitrous oxide. It occurs during the recovery period. Hence, administration of 100% oxygen is mandatory as suggested by many authors. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the occurrence/nonoccurrence of diffusion hypoxia in two groups of patients undergoing routine dental treatment under nitrous oxide sedation when one group is subjected to 7 min of postsedation oxygenation and the second group of the patients is made to breathe room air for the similar period. Materials and Methods: A total of sixty patients within the age group of 7–10 years requiring invasive dental procedures were randomly divided into two groups of 30 each using chit method. In the control group, patients were administered 100% oxygen postsedation, whereas, in the study group, patients were made to breathe room air postsedation. Various parameters (pulse rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation [SpO2]) were recorded pre- and post-operatively. Data were collected and then sent for statistical analysis. Results: The mean postoperative SpO2 at measurement times 1, 3, 5, and 7 min in both the groups was higher than the mean preoperative SpO2. This increase was statistically significant. No significant difference was found between the Trieger test scores. Conclusion: This study proves that clinical occurrence of diffusion hypoxia is not possible while following the routine procedure of nitrous oxide sedation.
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