Papers by Garib Murshudov
Crystallographic studies of ligands bound to biological macromolecules (proteins and nucleic acid... more Crystallographic studies of ligands bound to biological macromolecules (proteins and nucleic acids) represent an important source of information concerning drug-target interactions, providing atomic level insights into the physical chemistry of complex formation between macromolecules and ligands. Of the more than 115,000 entries extant in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) archive, ∼75% include at least one non-polymeric ligand. Ligand geometrical and stereochemical quality, the suitability of ligand models for in silico drug discovery and design, and the goodness-of-fit of ligand models to electron-density maps vary widely across the archive. We describe the proceedings and conclusions from the first Worldwide PDB/Cambridge Crystallographic Data Center/Drug Design Data Resource (wwPDB/CCDC/D3R) Ligand Validation Workshop held at the Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics at Rutgers University on July 30-31, 2015. Experts in protein crystallography from academe and industry ...
Journal of Molecular Biology
Acta Crystallographica Section D Structural Biology
In this paper, AUSPEX, a new software tool for experimental X-ray data analysis, is presented. Ex... more In this paper, AUSPEX, a new software tool for experimental X-ray data analysis, is presented. Exploring the behaviour of diffraction intensities and the associated estimated uncertainties facilitates the discovery of underlying problems and can help users to improve their data acquisition and processing in order to obtain better structural models. The program enables users to inspect the distribution of observed intensities (or amplitudes) against resolution as well as the associated estimated uncertainties (sigmas). It is demonstrated how AUSPEX can be used to visually and automatically detect ice-ring artefacts in integrated X-ray diffraction data. Such artefacts can hamper structure determination, but may be difficult to identify from the raw diffraction images produced by modern pixel detectors. The analysis suggests that a significant portion of the data sets deposited in the PDB contain ice-ring artefacts. Furthermore, it is demonstrated how other problems in experimental X-r...
Acta crystallographica. Section D, Structural biology, Oct 1, 2016
Since the ratio of the number of observations to adjustable parameters is small at low resolution... more Since the ratio of the number of observations to adjustable parameters is small at low resolution, it is necessary to use complementary information for the analysis of such data. ProSMART is a program that can generate restraints for macromolecules using homologous structures, as well as generic restraints for the stabilization of secondary structures. These restraints are used by REFMAC5 to stabilize the refinement of an atomic model. However, the optimal refinement protocol varies from case to case, and it is not always obvious how to select appropriate homologous structure(s), or other sources of prior information, for restraint generation. After running extensive tests on a large data set of low-resolution models, the best-performing refinement protocols and strategies for the selection of homologous structures have been identified. These strategies and protocols have been implemented in the Low-Resolution Structure Refinement (LORESTR) pipeline. The pipeline performs auto-detec...
Surprises and pitfalls due to (broken) symmetry. Peter H. Zwart, a* Ralf. W. Grosse-Kunstleve a ,... more Surprises and pitfalls due to (broken) symmetry. Peter H. Zwart, a* Ralf. W. Grosse-Kunstleve a , Andrey A. Lebedev, b Garib N. Murshudov b and Paul D. Adams a. a Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Computational Crystallography ...
Human mitochondrial ribosomes are highly divergent from all other known ribosomes and are special... more Human mitochondrial ribosomes are highly divergent from all other known ribosomes and are specialized to exclusively translate membrane proteins. They are linked with hereditary mitochondrial diseases and are often the unintended targets of various clinically useful antibiotics. Using single-particle cryogenic electron microscopy, we have determined the structure of its large subunit to 3.4 angstrom resolution, revealing 48 proteins, 21 of which are specific to mitochondria. The structure unveils an adaptation of the exit tunnel for hydrophobic nascent peptides, extensive remodeling of the central protuberance, including recruitment of mitochondrial valine transfer RNA (tRNA(Val)) to play an integral structural role, and changes in the tRNA binding sites related to the unusual characteristics of mitochondrial tRNAs.
Handbook of Metalloproteins, 2006
Structure, 1997
Background: CysB is a tetrameric protein of identical subunits (M r = 36,000) which controls the ... more Background: CysB is a tetrameric protein of identical subunits (M r = 36,000) which controls the expression of genes associated with the biosynthesis of cysteine in bacteria. CysB is both an activator and a repressor of transcription whose activity is responsive to the inducer N-acetylserine; thiosulphate and sulphide act as anti-inducers. CysB is a member of the LysR family of prokaryotic transcriptional regulatory proteins which share sequence similarities over ~280 residues including a putative helix-turn-helix DNA-binding motif at their N terminus. The aims of the present study were to explore further the complex molecular biology and curious ligand binding properties of CysB and to provide structural insights into the LysR family of proteins. Results: The crystal structure of a dimeric chymotryptic fragment of Klebsiella aerogenes CysB comprising residues 88-324, has been solved by multiple isomorphous replacement and multi-crystal averaging and refined against data extending to 1.8 Å resolution. The protein comprises two α/β domains (I and II) connected by two short segments of polypeptide. The two domains enclose a cavity lined by polar sidechains, including those of two residues whose mutation is associated with constitutive expression of the cysteine regulon. A sulphate anion and a number of well ordered water molecules have been modelled into discrete electron-density peaks within this cavity. In the dimer, strands β B from domain I and strands β G from domain II come together so that a pair of antiparallel symmetry-related 11-stranded twisted β-pleated sheets is formed. Conclusions: The overall structure of CysB(88-324) is strikingly similar to those of the periplasmic substrate-binding proteins. A similar fold has also been observed in the cofactor-binding domain of Lac repressor, implying a structural relationship between the Lac repressor and LysR families of proteins. In contrast to Lac repressor, in CysB the twofold axis of symmetry that relates the monomers in the dimer is perpendicular rather than parallel to the long axis of the cofactor-binding domain. This seems likely to place the DNA-binding domains at opposite extremes of the molecule possibly accounting for CysB's extended DNA footprints.
JBIC Journal of Biological Inorganic Chemistry, 2005
Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2002
Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography, 2000
The crystal structure of the catalytic core domain of β-mannanase from the fungus Trichoderma ree... more The crystal structure of the catalytic core domain of β-mannanase from the fungus Trichoderma reesei has been determined at a resolution of 1.5 Å. The structure was solved using the anomalous scattering from a single non-isomorphous platinum complex with two heavy-metal sites in space group P21. The map computed with the experimental phases was enhanced by the application of an automated model building and refinement procedure using the amplitudes and experimental phases as observations. This approach is expected to be of more general application. The structure of the native enzyme and complexes with Tris–HCl and mannobiose are also reported: the mannobiose binds in subsites +1 and +2. The structure is briefly compared with that of the homologous β-mannanase from the bacterium Thermomonospora fusca.
Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography, 2012
Biological macromolecules are polymers and therefore the restraints for macromolecular refinement... more Biological macromolecules are polymers and therefore the restraints for macromolecular refinement can be subdivided into two sets: restraints that are applied to atoms that all belong to the same monomer and restraints that are associated with the covalent bonds between monomers. The CCP4 template-restraint library contains three types of data entries defining template restraints: descriptions of monomers and their modifications, both used for intramonomer restraints, and descriptions of links for intermonomer restraints. The library provides generic descriptions of modifications and links for protein, DNA and RNA chains, and for some post-translational modifications including glycosylation. Structure-specific template restraints can be defined in a user's additional restraint library. Here, JLigand, a new CCP4 graphical interface to LibCheck and REFMAC that has been developed to manage the user's library and generate new monomer entries is described, as well as new entries ...
Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography, 2008
Automatic iterative model (re-)building, as implemented in ARP/wARP and its new control system fl... more Automatic iterative model (re-)building, as implemented in ARP/wARP and its new control system flex-wARP, is particularly well suited to follow structure solution by molecular replacement. More than 100 molecular-replacement solutions automatically solved by the BALBES software were submitted to three standard protocols in flex-wARP and the results were compared with final models from the PDB. Standard metrics were gathered in a systematic way and enabled the drawing of statistical conclusions on the advantages of each protocol. Based on this analysis, an empirical estimator was proposed that predicts how good the final model produced by flex-wARP is likely to be based on the experimental data and the quality of the molecular-replacement solution. To introduce the differences between the three flex-wARP protocols (keeping the complete search model, converting it to atomic coordinates but ignoring atom identities or using the electron-density map calculated from the molecular-replacement solution), two examples are also discussed in detail, focusing on the evolution of the models during iterative rebuilding. This highlights the diversity of paths that the flex-wARP control system can employ to reach a nearly complete and accurate model while actually starting from the same initial information.
Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography, 2008
Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography, 2002
Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances
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Papers by Garib Murshudov