Proceedings of the 22nd international workshop on Network and Operating System Support for Digital Audio and Video, 2012
Despite its increasing popularity, Internet video streaming to mobile devices faces many challeng... more Despite its increasing popularity, Internet video streaming to mobile devices faces many challenging issues. One such issue is the format and resolution "gap" between Internet videos and mobile devices: many videos available on the Internet are often encoded in formats not supported by users' mobile devices, or in resolutions not best suited for streaming over cellular/WiFi networks. Hence video transcoding to specific devices (and to be streamed over cellular/WiFi networks) is needed. As a computation-intensive task, video transcoding directly on mobile devices is not desirable because of their limited battery capacity. In this paper we propose and implement "Cloud Transcoder" which utilizes an intermediate cloud platform to bridge the format/resolution "gap" by performing video transcoding in the cloud. Specifically, Cloud Transcoder only requires the user to upload a video request (i.e., a URL link to the video available on the public Internet as well as the user-specified transcoding parameters) rather than the video content. After getting the video request, Cloud Transcoder downloads the original video from the Internet, transcodes it on the user's demand, and delivers the transcoded video back to the user. Therefore, the mobile device only consumes energy in the last step-but generally with much less energy consumption than downloading the original video from the Internet, due to faster delivery of transcoded video from the "Cloud Transcoder" cloud platform. Running logs of our real-deployed system validate the efficacy of Cloud Transcoder.
Cancer pain, especially the one caused by metastasis in bones, is a severe type of pain. Pain bec... more Cancer pain, especially the one caused by metastasis in bones, is a severe type of pain. Pain becomes chronic unless its causes and consequences are resolved. With improvements in cancer detection and survival among patients, pain has been considered as a great challenge because traditional therapies are partially effective in terms of providing relief. Cancer pain mechanisms are more poorly understood than neuropathic and inflammatory pain states. Chronic inflammatory pain and neuropathic pain are influenced by NB001, an adenylyl cyclase 1 (AC1)-specific inhibitor with analgesic effects. In this study, the analgesic effects of NB001 on cancer pain were evaluated. Pain was induced by injecting osteolytic murine sarcoma cell NCTC 2472 into the intramedullary cavity of the femur of mice. The mice injected with sarcoma cells for four weeks exhibited significant spontaneous pain behavior and mechanical allodynia. The continuous systemic application of NB001 (30 mg/kg, intraperitoneally,...
FK-506 (Tacrolimus) is a very commonly used immunomodulatory agent that plays important roles in ... more FK-506 (Tacrolimus) is a very commonly used immunomodulatory agent that plays important roles in modulating the calcium-dependent phosphoserine-phosphothreonine protein phosphatase calcineurin and thus inhibits calcineurin-mediated secondary neuronal damage. The biological function of FK-506 in the spinal cord has not been fully elucidated. To clarify the anti-inflammatory action of FK-506 in spinal cord injury (SCI), we performed an acute spinal cord contusion injury model in adult rats and hypoxia-treated primary spinal cord microglia cultures. This work studied the activation of NF-κB and proinflammatory cytokine (TNF-a, IL-1b, and IL-6) expression. ELISA and q-PCR analysis revealed that TNF-a, IL-1b, and IL-6 levels significantly increased 3 days after spinal cord contusion and decreased after 14 days, accompanied by the increased activation of NF-κB. This increase was reversed by an FK-506 treatment. Double immunofluorescence labeling suggested that NF-κB activation was especia...
A structurally novel acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) inhibitor is identified from high-throughput sc... more A structurally novel acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) inhibitor is identified from high-throughput screening. A preliminary structure-activity relationship study led to the discovery of potent dual ACC1/ACC2 and ACC2 selective inhibitors against human recombinant ACC1 and ACC2. Selective ACC2 inhibitors exhibited IC50<20 nM and >1000-fold selectivity against ACC1. (S)-Enantiomer 9p exhibited high ACC2 activity and lowered muscle malonyl-CoA dose-dependently in acute rodent studies, whereas (R)-enantiomer 9o was weak and had no effect on the malonyl-CoA level.
Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Diseases International Hbpd Int, Jun 1, 2002
To improve early diagnosis of primary gallbladder carcinoma (PGC) and the understanding of its pa... more To improve early diagnosis of primary gallbladder carcinoma (PGC) and the understanding of its pathogenesis, pathological stages and prognosis. The data from 679 patients with PGC treated in our hospital from 1956 to 1998 were analyzed retrospectively. The incidence of PGC has been increasing in recent years, and the treatment is not satisfactory. Upon diagnosis, most patients with PGC were at advanced stage. PGC was usually found in elderly women. The ratio of man to woman was 1:3. The gallstone, closely related to PGC, was found in 60% of the patients with PGC. The diagnostic accordance rate before and after operation was low. In most patients, PGC was found unexpectedly during operation for gallstone or acute cholecystitis. Many patients with PGC missed the opportunity of diagnosis and therapy because doctor only noticed the diagnosis of gallstone. Pathological classification revealed that PGC in most patients (84.4%) were adenocarcinoma. Imaging helped to find early-stage cases and improve prognosis. Understanding of pathogenesis, pathological stages and prognosis of PGC and proper use of various examinations are essential to the early diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
In the title compound, [Cu(C9H5N2O2)2(H2O)2], the CuII ion lies on an inversion centre and has an... more In the title compound, [Cu(C9H5N2O2)2(H2O)2], the CuII ion lies on an inversion centre and has an elongated centrosymmetric octahedral environment, equatorially trans-coordinated by two N,O-bidentate quinoxaline-2-carboxylate ligands and axially coordinated by two water O atoms. Symmetry-related molecules are linked by strong O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, involving the uncoordinated carboxyl O atom of the carboxylate group and the coordinated water molecules, to form a two-dimensional network. Weak intermolecular C—H⋯N interactions also stabilize the crystal structure.
A study on mechanisms of radical initiated surface chain reaction of ethylene molecule on the H-t... more A study on mechanisms of radical initiated surface chain reaction of ethylene molecule on the H-terminated Si(1 1 1) has been carried out by using density functional theory and ab initio molecular dynamic methods. On Si(1 1 1) surface, one of the crucial steps of the surface chain reaction, namely, the abstraction of a H atom from a nearby surface hydride unit, is found to have a somewhat smaller activation energy from the nearest silicon site than from the next nearest silicon site. Ab initio molecular dynamics shows that the H-abstraction on Si(1 1 1) surface is very easy to be obtained from the transition state.
By using immunofluorescence labeling technique and incubating the Fluo-3 AM of Ca2+ fluorescein, ... more By using immunofluorescence labeling technique and incubating the Fluo-3 AM of Ca2+ fluorescein, wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars Lovrin 10 and 5389 were selected as mesophyll protoplast material interaction with elicitor in this paper for studying the relationship between the pattern of microtubule and [Ca2+]cyt. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) was used and pharmacologic examination was set. The results indicated: when treated with elicitor, the cytosolic calcium in the protoplasts from the Lovrin 10 was increasing and the pattern of microtubule showed depolymerization. In the protoplasts which MTs were depolymerized by oryzalin prior to elicitor treatment, the increase of cytosolic calcium was even higher than that in the one which was not depolymerized.
To investigate the characteristics of renal oxygenation status in aristolochic acids I (AA-I) ind... more To investigate the characteristics of renal oxygenation status in aristolochic acids I (AA-I) induced ATN rat model by method of blood oxygenation level-dependent MRI (BOLD-MRI) and compare it with ATN model caused by gentamicin. 28 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control, AAN and GM groups, which were subcutaneously injected with normal saline, AA-I (25 mg x kg(-1)x d(-1)) or GM (200 mg x kg(-1)x d(-1)) respectively for 4 days. Intrarenal oxygenation was measured by BOLD-MRI at 4(th) day and 7(th) day. Renal histopathological changes and renal function were also observed at day 7. Serum level of creatinine and urinary NAG were obviously elevated at day 7 in AAN and gentamicin group. Diffuse tubular necrosis confined to the margin of renal cortex and medulla without edema or infiltration of inflammation cells was the main pathological finding in AAN group. BOLD-MRI revealed that renal medullar R2(*) was elevated significantly at both day 4 [(50.6 +/- 15.6)/s vs (35.6 +/- 4.3)/s, P < 0.01] and day 7 [(58.4 +/- 14.8)/s vs (37.8 +/- 3.6)/s, P < 0.01] in AAN group when compared to control, showing opposite changes to GM group whose R2(*) was decreased at the same time. In addition, the renal cortical R2(*) in AAN group was also higher than that of control [(40.3 +/- 14.7)/s vs (28.7 +/- 3.2)/s, P < 0.05] at day 7, showing opposite changes to GM group. Intrarenal hypoxia exists in acute AAN rats, which initiates in the medulla following an involvement in renal cortex. The phenomenon of persistent low level of intrarenal oxygenation is different from change of GM-induced ATN, which may contribute to the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis in AAN.
Intelligent Computing in Signal Processing and Pattern Recognition
... 260 520 10 10 (4) 3 MVA Feature Post-processing After MMSE-LSA speech enhancement, a great re... more ... 260 520 10 10 (4) 3 MVA Feature Post-processing After MMSE-LSA speech enhancement, a great reduction of the mismatch between noisy speech and clean speech is obtained. ... In this work, we apply MVA post-processing after delta and delta-delta feature process-ing. ...
Huan Jing Ke Xue Huanjing Kexue Bian Ji Zhongguo Ke Xue Yuan Huan Jing Ke Xue Wei Yuan Hui Huan Jing Ke Xue Bian Ji Wei Yuan Hui, 2011
To sample and test mercury emission characteristics in different power plants, six representative... more To sample and test mercury emission characteristics in different power plants, six representative coal-fired power plants were selected. And based on the data of mercury emission concentration from actual measurement, mercury removal rate and mercury average emission factor of every plant can be calculated, and mercury emission characteristics about every level capacity can be given, so as to provide support and foundation for the mercury control in China. The mercury emission concentration is about 4.72-14.54 microg/m3, mercury removal rate is about 20.89%-70.63%, and mercury average emission factor is about 14.09-56.08 microg/(kW x h). To compare the mercury emission characteristics with mercury emission characteristics from coal-fired power plants in USA, it is shown that the concentration of mercury emission from coal-fired power plants in China is far higher than those in USA, and the mercury removal rate is much lower than removal rate required by American national standard. To get conclusion that mercury average emission factor can come down with installed capacity and power generation load went up. And the function relation have been provided through comprehensive simulation between mercury average emission factor and installed capacity, generation load, mercury content in coal, the environmental protection equipment running level, and so on.
Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Aug 1, 2012
Ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi) inhibits the expression of target genes in a sequence-specif... more Ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi) inhibits the expression of target genes in a sequence-specific manner, and shows potential for gene knockdown in filamentous fungi, in which the locus-specific gene knockout occurs in low frequency. In this study, the function of the repressor of cellulase expression I (ACEI) was verified in Trichoderma koningii (T. koningii) YC01 through RNAi, and ace1silenced strains with improved cellulase productivity were obtained. An expression cassette that transcribed the interfering double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) of ace1 was constructed and transformed into T. koningii, and the transformants, in which the expression of ace1 was successfully silenced, were selected. As a result of the ace1 gene silencing, the expression levels of the main cellulase and xylanase genes were elevated, and the enhanced production of total proteins, cellulase, and xylanase was observed in the cultivation. In addition, the downregulation of ace1 resulted in an increasing expression of xyr1, but no clear variation in the expression of cre1, which suggested that ACEI acted as a repressor of the xyr1 transcription, but was not involved in the regulation of the cre1 expression. The results of this work indicate that ace1 is a valid target gene for enhancing enzyme production in T. koningii, and RNAi is an appropriate tool for improving the properties of industrial fungi.
Waterlogged land characterized by low productivity impact the productivity of the adjacent land a... more Waterlogged land characterized by low productivity impact the productivity of the adjacent land and increase soil erosion. Gangzhongwa, one type of waterlogged lands, is widely distributed in Jiusan cultivated lands in Heilongjiang province China. Observation of soil profiles and measurements of soil physical properties were carried to investigate the factors related to the waterlogged land formation. The results showed Gangzhongwa waterlogged land is formed due to three reasons: firstly, the water table of groundwater is shallow and the soil profile texture varies regularly from clay loam layer, and sandy loam layer to aquitard layer; secondly soil infiltration is significantly correlated with sand content and gravel content; and thirdly the subsurface runoff makes the soil profile saturated where the surface clay loam layer is thin but the sandy layer is thick with larger infiltration rates. This study presents some theoretical insights for the Gangzhongwa waterlogged land conservation plan.
The thermo-creep deformation of interconnects related to the residual stress, directly affects th... more The thermo-creep deformation of interconnects related to the residual stress, directly affects their performance and lifetime. In this paper, we proposed an optical method to measure the residual thermo-creep deformation of copper interconnects. This method takes advantages of grating fabrication and the phase-shifting scanning electron microscope (SEM) moiré method. The residual thermo-creep deformation can be acquired through deformation transformation. A one-way grating with frequency of 5000 lines/mm is fabricated on the surface of the copper line in a focused ion-beam (FIB) system. The principal direction of the grating is along the axis of the copper line. The sample is heated in a high temperature furnace under 90 °C for 70 min. The SEM moiré patterns before and after heating are recorded by a field emission SEM in low vacuum. Through the random phase-shifting algorithm, the residual thermo-creep deformation of the copper interconnect line is found to be 500 με. The cause of the tensile strain is analyzed. This work offers an effective technique for measuring the creep deformation of the film lines.
Cyclovirobuxine D (CVB-D) has been widely used for treatment of cardiac insufficiency and arrhyth... more Cyclovirobuxine D (CVB-D) has been widely used for treatment of cardiac insufficiency and arrhythmias in China. The antiarrhythmic and proarrhythmic potential of this drug might be concerned with prolongation of action potential duration and QT interval. Human-ether-ago go related gene (HERG) has an important role in the repolarization of the cardiac action potential. This study investigated for the first time the effect of CVB-D on HERG channels stably expressed in HEK293 cells using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. CVB-D inhibited HERG current (I HERG) in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC 50 of 19.7 μM. I HERG blockade required channel activation and was time-dependent, suggesting an open channel block. Moreover, I HERG inhibition by CVB-D was relieved by depolarization to a highly positive membrane potential (+ 80 mV) that favored HERG channel inactivation. These findings suggested that CVB-D inhibit HERG channels in the open states. CVB-D had no effect on HERG current kinetics. Thus, we conclude that CVB-D inhibits HERG encoded potassium channels and this action might be a molecular mechanism for the previously reported APD prolongation and QT interval prolongation with this drug.
Proceedings of the 22nd international workshop on Network and Operating System Support for Digital Audio and Video, 2012
Despite its increasing popularity, Internet video streaming to mobile devices faces many challeng... more Despite its increasing popularity, Internet video streaming to mobile devices faces many challenging issues. One such issue is the format and resolution "gap" between Internet videos and mobile devices: many videos available on the Internet are often encoded in formats not supported by users' mobile devices, or in resolutions not best suited for streaming over cellular/WiFi networks. Hence video transcoding to specific devices (and to be streamed over cellular/WiFi networks) is needed. As a computation-intensive task, video transcoding directly on mobile devices is not desirable because of their limited battery capacity. In this paper we propose and implement "Cloud Transcoder" which utilizes an intermediate cloud platform to bridge the format/resolution "gap" by performing video transcoding in the cloud. Specifically, Cloud Transcoder only requires the user to upload a video request (i.e., a URL link to the video available on the public Internet as well as the user-specified transcoding parameters) rather than the video content. After getting the video request, Cloud Transcoder downloads the original video from the Internet, transcodes it on the user's demand, and delivers the transcoded video back to the user. Therefore, the mobile device only consumes energy in the last step-but generally with much less energy consumption than downloading the original video from the Internet, due to faster delivery of transcoded video from the "Cloud Transcoder" cloud platform. Running logs of our real-deployed system validate the efficacy of Cloud Transcoder.
Cancer pain, especially the one caused by metastasis in bones, is a severe type of pain. Pain bec... more Cancer pain, especially the one caused by metastasis in bones, is a severe type of pain. Pain becomes chronic unless its causes and consequences are resolved. With improvements in cancer detection and survival among patients, pain has been considered as a great challenge because traditional therapies are partially effective in terms of providing relief. Cancer pain mechanisms are more poorly understood than neuropathic and inflammatory pain states. Chronic inflammatory pain and neuropathic pain are influenced by NB001, an adenylyl cyclase 1 (AC1)-specific inhibitor with analgesic effects. In this study, the analgesic effects of NB001 on cancer pain were evaluated. Pain was induced by injecting osteolytic murine sarcoma cell NCTC 2472 into the intramedullary cavity of the femur of mice. The mice injected with sarcoma cells for four weeks exhibited significant spontaneous pain behavior and mechanical allodynia. The continuous systemic application of NB001 (30 mg/kg, intraperitoneally,...
FK-506 (Tacrolimus) is a very commonly used immunomodulatory agent that plays important roles in ... more FK-506 (Tacrolimus) is a very commonly used immunomodulatory agent that plays important roles in modulating the calcium-dependent phosphoserine-phosphothreonine protein phosphatase calcineurin and thus inhibits calcineurin-mediated secondary neuronal damage. The biological function of FK-506 in the spinal cord has not been fully elucidated. To clarify the anti-inflammatory action of FK-506 in spinal cord injury (SCI), we performed an acute spinal cord contusion injury model in adult rats and hypoxia-treated primary spinal cord microglia cultures. This work studied the activation of NF-κB and proinflammatory cytokine (TNF-a, IL-1b, and IL-6) expression. ELISA and q-PCR analysis revealed that TNF-a, IL-1b, and IL-6 levels significantly increased 3 days after spinal cord contusion and decreased after 14 days, accompanied by the increased activation of NF-κB. This increase was reversed by an FK-506 treatment. Double immunofluorescence labeling suggested that NF-κB activation was especia...
A structurally novel acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) inhibitor is identified from high-throughput sc... more A structurally novel acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) inhibitor is identified from high-throughput screening. A preliminary structure-activity relationship study led to the discovery of potent dual ACC1/ACC2 and ACC2 selective inhibitors against human recombinant ACC1 and ACC2. Selective ACC2 inhibitors exhibited IC50<20 nM and >1000-fold selectivity against ACC1. (S)-Enantiomer 9p exhibited high ACC2 activity and lowered muscle malonyl-CoA dose-dependently in acute rodent studies, whereas (R)-enantiomer 9o was weak and had no effect on the malonyl-CoA level.
Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Diseases International Hbpd Int, Jun 1, 2002
To improve early diagnosis of primary gallbladder carcinoma (PGC) and the understanding of its pa... more To improve early diagnosis of primary gallbladder carcinoma (PGC) and the understanding of its pathogenesis, pathological stages and prognosis. The data from 679 patients with PGC treated in our hospital from 1956 to 1998 were analyzed retrospectively. The incidence of PGC has been increasing in recent years, and the treatment is not satisfactory. Upon diagnosis, most patients with PGC were at advanced stage. PGC was usually found in elderly women. The ratio of man to woman was 1:3. The gallstone, closely related to PGC, was found in 60% of the patients with PGC. The diagnostic accordance rate before and after operation was low. In most patients, PGC was found unexpectedly during operation for gallstone or acute cholecystitis. Many patients with PGC missed the opportunity of diagnosis and therapy because doctor only noticed the diagnosis of gallstone. Pathological classification revealed that PGC in most patients (84.4%) were adenocarcinoma. Imaging helped to find early-stage cases and improve prognosis. Understanding of pathogenesis, pathological stages and prognosis of PGC and proper use of various examinations are essential to the early diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
In the title compound, [Cu(C9H5N2O2)2(H2O)2], the CuII ion lies on an inversion centre and has an... more In the title compound, [Cu(C9H5N2O2)2(H2O)2], the CuII ion lies on an inversion centre and has an elongated centrosymmetric octahedral environment, equatorially trans-coordinated by two N,O-bidentate quinoxaline-2-carboxylate ligands and axially coordinated by two water O atoms. Symmetry-related molecules are linked by strong O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, involving the uncoordinated carboxyl O atom of the carboxylate group and the coordinated water molecules, to form a two-dimensional network. Weak intermolecular C—H⋯N interactions also stabilize the crystal structure.
A study on mechanisms of radical initiated surface chain reaction of ethylene molecule on the H-t... more A study on mechanisms of radical initiated surface chain reaction of ethylene molecule on the H-terminated Si(1 1 1) has been carried out by using density functional theory and ab initio molecular dynamic methods. On Si(1 1 1) surface, one of the crucial steps of the surface chain reaction, namely, the abstraction of a H atom from a nearby surface hydride unit, is found to have a somewhat smaller activation energy from the nearest silicon site than from the next nearest silicon site. Ab initio molecular dynamics shows that the H-abstraction on Si(1 1 1) surface is very easy to be obtained from the transition state.
By using immunofluorescence labeling technique and incubating the Fluo-3 AM of Ca2+ fluorescein, ... more By using immunofluorescence labeling technique and incubating the Fluo-3 AM of Ca2+ fluorescein, wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivars Lovrin 10 and 5389 were selected as mesophyll protoplast material interaction with elicitor in this paper for studying the relationship between the pattern of microtubule and [Ca2+]cyt. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) was used and pharmacologic examination was set. The results indicated: when treated with elicitor, the cytosolic calcium in the protoplasts from the Lovrin 10 was increasing and the pattern of microtubule showed depolymerization. In the protoplasts which MTs were depolymerized by oryzalin prior to elicitor treatment, the increase of cytosolic calcium was even higher than that in the one which was not depolymerized.
To investigate the characteristics of renal oxygenation status in aristolochic acids I (AA-I) ind... more To investigate the characteristics of renal oxygenation status in aristolochic acids I (AA-I) induced ATN rat model by method of blood oxygenation level-dependent MRI (BOLD-MRI) and compare it with ATN model caused by gentamicin. 28 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into control, AAN and GM groups, which were subcutaneously injected with normal saline, AA-I (25 mg x kg(-1)x d(-1)) or GM (200 mg x kg(-1)x d(-1)) respectively for 4 days. Intrarenal oxygenation was measured by BOLD-MRI at 4(th) day and 7(th) day. Renal histopathological changes and renal function were also observed at day 7. Serum level of creatinine and urinary NAG were obviously elevated at day 7 in AAN and gentamicin group. Diffuse tubular necrosis confined to the margin of renal cortex and medulla without edema or infiltration of inflammation cells was the main pathological finding in AAN group. BOLD-MRI revealed that renal medullar R2(*) was elevated significantly at both day 4 [(50.6 +/- 15.6)/s vs (35.6 +/- 4.3)/s, P < 0.01] and day 7 [(58.4 +/- 14.8)/s vs (37.8 +/- 3.6)/s, P < 0.01] in AAN group when compared to control, showing opposite changes to GM group whose R2(*) was decreased at the same time. In addition, the renal cortical R2(*) in AAN group was also higher than that of control [(40.3 +/- 14.7)/s vs (28.7 +/- 3.2)/s, P < 0.05] at day 7, showing opposite changes to GM group. Intrarenal hypoxia exists in acute AAN rats, which initiates in the medulla following an involvement in renal cortex. The phenomenon of persistent low level of intrarenal oxygenation is different from change of GM-induced ATN, which may contribute to the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis in AAN.
Intelligent Computing in Signal Processing and Pattern Recognition
... 260 520 10 10 (4) 3 MVA Feature Post-processing After MMSE-LSA speech enhancement, a great re... more ... 260 520 10 10 (4) 3 MVA Feature Post-processing After MMSE-LSA speech enhancement, a great reduction of the mismatch between noisy speech and clean speech is obtained. ... In this work, we apply MVA post-processing after delta and delta-delta feature process-ing. ...
Huan Jing Ke Xue Huanjing Kexue Bian Ji Zhongguo Ke Xue Yuan Huan Jing Ke Xue Wei Yuan Hui Huan Jing Ke Xue Bian Ji Wei Yuan Hui, 2011
To sample and test mercury emission characteristics in different power plants, six representative... more To sample and test mercury emission characteristics in different power plants, six representative coal-fired power plants were selected. And based on the data of mercury emission concentration from actual measurement, mercury removal rate and mercury average emission factor of every plant can be calculated, and mercury emission characteristics about every level capacity can be given, so as to provide support and foundation for the mercury control in China. The mercury emission concentration is about 4.72-14.54 microg/m3, mercury removal rate is about 20.89%-70.63%, and mercury average emission factor is about 14.09-56.08 microg/(kW x h). To compare the mercury emission characteristics with mercury emission characteristics from coal-fired power plants in USA, it is shown that the concentration of mercury emission from coal-fired power plants in China is far higher than those in USA, and the mercury removal rate is much lower than removal rate required by American national standard. To get conclusion that mercury average emission factor can come down with installed capacity and power generation load went up. And the function relation have been provided through comprehensive simulation between mercury average emission factor and installed capacity, generation load, mercury content in coal, the environmental protection equipment running level, and so on.
Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Aug 1, 2012
Ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi) inhibits the expression of target genes in a sequence-specif... more Ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi) inhibits the expression of target genes in a sequence-specific manner, and shows potential for gene knockdown in filamentous fungi, in which the locus-specific gene knockout occurs in low frequency. In this study, the function of the repressor of cellulase expression I (ACEI) was verified in Trichoderma koningii (T. koningii) YC01 through RNAi, and ace1silenced strains with improved cellulase productivity were obtained. An expression cassette that transcribed the interfering double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) of ace1 was constructed and transformed into T. koningii, and the transformants, in which the expression of ace1 was successfully silenced, were selected. As a result of the ace1 gene silencing, the expression levels of the main cellulase and xylanase genes were elevated, and the enhanced production of total proteins, cellulase, and xylanase was observed in the cultivation. In addition, the downregulation of ace1 resulted in an increasing expression of xyr1, but no clear variation in the expression of cre1, which suggested that ACEI acted as a repressor of the xyr1 transcription, but was not involved in the regulation of the cre1 expression. The results of this work indicate that ace1 is a valid target gene for enhancing enzyme production in T. koningii, and RNAi is an appropriate tool for improving the properties of industrial fungi.
Waterlogged land characterized by low productivity impact the productivity of the adjacent land a... more Waterlogged land characterized by low productivity impact the productivity of the adjacent land and increase soil erosion. Gangzhongwa, one type of waterlogged lands, is widely distributed in Jiusan cultivated lands in Heilongjiang province China. Observation of soil profiles and measurements of soil physical properties were carried to investigate the factors related to the waterlogged land formation. The results showed Gangzhongwa waterlogged land is formed due to three reasons: firstly, the water table of groundwater is shallow and the soil profile texture varies regularly from clay loam layer, and sandy loam layer to aquitard layer; secondly soil infiltration is significantly correlated with sand content and gravel content; and thirdly the subsurface runoff makes the soil profile saturated where the surface clay loam layer is thin but the sandy layer is thick with larger infiltration rates. This study presents some theoretical insights for the Gangzhongwa waterlogged land conservation plan.
The thermo-creep deformation of interconnects related to the residual stress, directly affects th... more The thermo-creep deformation of interconnects related to the residual stress, directly affects their performance and lifetime. In this paper, we proposed an optical method to measure the residual thermo-creep deformation of copper interconnects. This method takes advantages of grating fabrication and the phase-shifting scanning electron microscope (SEM) moiré method. The residual thermo-creep deformation can be acquired through deformation transformation. A one-way grating with frequency of 5000 lines/mm is fabricated on the surface of the copper line in a focused ion-beam (FIB) system. The principal direction of the grating is along the axis of the copper line. The sample is heated in a high temperature furnace under 90 °C for 70 min. The SEM moiré patterns before and after heating are recorded by a field emission SEM in low vacuum. Through the random phase-shifting algorithm, the residual thermo-creep deformation of the copper interconnect line is found to be 500 με. The cause of the tensile strain is analyzed. This work offers an effective technique for measuring the creep deformation of the film lines.
Cyclovirobuxine D (CVB-D) has been widely used for treatment of cardiac insufficiency and arrhyth... more Cyclovirobuxine D (CVB-D) has been widely used for treatment of cardiac insufficiency and arrhythmias in China. The antiarrhythmic and proarrhythmic potential of this drug might be concerned with prolongation of action potential duration and QT interval. Human-ether-ago go related gene (HERG) has an important role in the repolarization of the cardiac action potential. This study investigated for the first time the effect of CVB-D on HERG channels stably expressed in HEK293 cells using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. CVB-D inhibited HERG current (I HERG) in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC 50 of 19.7 μM. I HERG blockade required channel activation and was time-dependent, suggesting an open channel block. Moreover, I HERG inhibition by CVB-D was relieved by depolarization to a highly positive membrane potential (+ 80 mV) that favored HERG channel inactivation. These findings suggested that CVB-D inhibit HERG channels in the open states. CVB-D had no effect on HERG current kinetics. Thus, we conclude that CVB-D inhibits HERG encoded potassium channels and this action might be a molecular mechanism for the previously reported APD prolongation and QT interval prolongation with this drug.
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