Papers by Frederick Anthony
Reproduction, 1996
The human endometrium undergoes regular cyclical changes under the endocrine control of oestrogen... more The human endometrium undergoes regular cyclical changes under the endocrine control of oestrogens and progesterone acting via specific nuclear receptors. The molecular and cellular events mediating these changes are not understood. The present study examined the changes in the endometrial progesterone receptor and its mRNA during the menstrual cycle. Forty-four endometrial samples obtained from women with normal menstrual cycles were divided into four categories: early proliferative (days 6\p=n-\9), late proliferative (days 10\p=n-\14), early secretory (days 15\p=n-\21) and late secretory (days 22\p=n-\28). The progesterone receptor protein was determined using a human progesterone receptor enzyme-linked immunoassay kit. Total RNA was extracted using RNAzol and the abundance of mRNA encoding the progesterone receptor was determined by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and by northern blot analysis. The concentration of the progesterone receptor in the endometrium was highest during the late proliferative phase and was lowest in the late secretory phase. Significant differences were observed between the menstrual cycle phases (P < 0.003). No cyclical variation was observed in the concentration of mRNA encoding for the progesterone receptor in the endometrium when analysed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction or by northern analysis. There appears to be no association between the amounts of mRNA encoding the progesterone receptor and progesterone receptor protein during the menstrual cycle suggesting that the control of the expression of the progesterone receptor may not occur solely at the transcriptional level.
Fertility and Sterility, 1998
Objective: To determine whether a relation exists between previous exposure to Chlamydia trachoma... more Objective: To determine whether a relation exists between previous exposure to Chlamydia trachomatis and impaired ovarian response to gonadotropin stimulation. Design: Controlled clinical study. Setting: Two university IVF centers. Patient(s): Two hundred forty-two patients receiving IVF treatment and 81 control patients. Ninety-four patients with a poor response to IVF, defined by cycle cancellation in response to a daily stimulation dose of 300 IU of FSH, and 148 patients with a good response were matched for age. Twenty-eight pregnant controls and 53 controls of proven fertility also were included. Intervention(s): Serum samples were obtained from patients and controls. Serum levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibodies to C. trachomatis were determined by ELISA. Main Outcome Measure(s): The prevalence of serum IgG antibodies to C. trachomatis in critically defined poor responders was compared with that of age-matched good responders. Result(s): A significantly higher proportion of poor responders had serum IgG antibodies to C. trachomatis compared with good responders (44.7% and 30.4%, respectively). Patients undergoing IVF had a significantly higher prevalence of IgG antibodies to C. trachomatis (36%) than did either pregnant or nonpregnant controls (12%). Conclusion(s): A significantly higher prevalence of serum IgG antibodies to C. trachomatis was observed in critically defined poor responders, suggesting a possible detrimental effect of C. trachomatis on subsequent ovarian function.
Clinical Endocrinology, 2010
BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 1983
Schwangerschaftsprotein 1 (SP,) levels were measured in single serum samples from 60 patients adm... more Schwangerschaftsprotein 1 (SP,) levels were measured in single serum samples from 60 patients admitted with vaginal bleeding in the first 14 weeks of pregnancy. When based on ultrasound diagnoses the prediction of non-viability (the predictive value') w a s 97% for SP, a n d 84% for PAPP-A. Whereas the prediction o f viability (above-2SD of the normal range) with SP, w a s 88% t h e value with P A P P-A w a s only 57%; the poorer result obtained with PAPP-A probably reflects its longer half-life. Pregnancy outcome is not related t o the duration of bleeding.
BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 1985
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 1992
Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is a potent angiogenic factor that has also been implicated... more Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) is a potent angiogenic factor that has also been implicated in granulosa cell and oocyte maturation. We now report the expression of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) encoding bFGF in human granulosa and cumulus cells obtained at oocyte recovery in in vitro fertiliiation patients. It was necessary to use the sensitive technique of a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) after reverse transcription (RT) to detect transcripts. This finding in conjunction with a recent report showing the presence of transcripts for transforming growth factor beta (TGFP) in the same type of cells by PCR indicates that mechanisms are in place for controlling extracellular proteolysis and cell differentiation.
Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 1994
1190 consecutive in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment cycles from the Southampton University/BU... more 1190 consecutive in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment cycles from the Southampton University/BUPA Chalybeate unit, spanning a four year period, were studied retrospectively in order to assess the relationship between maternal age and implantation. Our aim was to evaluate the hypothesis that the number of transferred embryos can be determined by age alone. The cases were allocated to two age groups, Group 1 was composed of patients of less than or equal to 35 years of age and Group 2 of patients greater than 35 years of age. We found that the selection criteria used in our programme for abandoning treatment cycles led to significantly more older patients being excluded from oocyte collection (p &amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001). The patients from both groups that progressed to oocyte collection and embryo transfer showed no significant difference in embryo implantation. The overall implantation rate (12.4%) and clinical pregnancy rate per embryo transfer (22.8%) were achieved by being able to transfer comparable numbers of embryos in both age groups and in spite of the younger age group having a significantly better quality of transferred embryos. Although advancing maternal age predisposes to a reduced chance of success from IVF treatment, maternal age alone was not a useful predictor of embryo implantation or endometrial receptivity in completed IVF treatment cycles.
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Papers by Frederick Anthony