Papers by Gizachew Fentahun
Research Square (Research Square), Apr 10, 2024
A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2017 to April 2018 at Dukem abattoir enterpris... more A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2017 to April 2018 at Dukem abattoir enterprise in order to isolate, identify Staphylococci species and determine its susceptibility to various antimicrobial agents. A total of 193 samples;110 meat swabs, 30 butcher hand swabs, 23 slaughter line swabs and 30 knives swab were collected and cultured on sheep blood agar. Presumptive staphylococci colonies were sub-cultured and primary and secondary biochemical tests were used to isolate and identify the staphylococcus species. The prevalence of staphylococcal species was 35.8% (69 out of 193 samples). Of 69 (35.8%) positive isolates, 62% were coagulase negative staphylococcus where as 37.7% coagulase positive staphylococcus. From 37.7% coagulase positive staphylococcus, S.hyicus accounted for 16% followed by S. aureus 13%, S. intermedius 9%. Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates was done by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method using 13 antimicrobials. Penicillin G, Spectiomycin, Ceftriaxone, Nalidxic acid and Ceftazidime were drugs to which S. aureus, S. intermedius and S.hyicusisolates were 100% resistant. All S. intermedius was resistant to tetracycline. S aureus isolates were also to large proportion were resistant to Oxytetracycline 88.9%, Tetracycline 77.8% and PolymyxcinB 55.6%. On the contrary, all tested staphylococcus species isolates were susceptible to chloramphenicol. All S. aureus were 100% susceptible to vancomycin and doxycycline. All S.hyicus were susceptible to doxycycline. The current study revealed that the prevalence of staphylococcus species in abattoir was high and isolates of staphylococcus species were resistant to a number of drugs. Therefore, the abattoir should practice proper sanitation to avoid meat contamination, and material should be kept hygienically. In addition, further research should be done on the factor favor multidrug resistant staphylococcus species.
Objectives : The incidence of zoonoses in Korea has increased recently. However, the study of hig... more Objectives : The incidence of zoonoses in Korea has increased recently. However, the study of high risk groups for zoonoses has not been conducted to date in Korea. Thus, we did this study to obtain data on brucellosis among slaughterhouse workers in Korea. Methods : We evaluated the structure of slaughterhouses and the process of slaughtering by reviewing the relevant literature and doing field studies. We visited 73 slaughterhouses and 62 residual products handle houses across the country. In addition, we conducted a questionnaire survey of the work activities, and obtained blood samples in order to determine the seroprevalence and risk factors of brucellosis. The titers of brucellosis antibodies were measured using the standard tube agglutination test (SAT). We diagnosed subjects as seropositive for Brucellosis if the titers were more than 1:160. The data collected was evaluated using SPSS ver. 17.0. Results : We included 1,503 subjects and obtained 1,482 blood samples among them: 849 workers involved in slaughtering, 351 handlers of residual products, 190 inspectors and their assistants, and 92 grading testers and their assistants. The seroprevalence of brucellosis among the slaughterhouse workers was 0.8% (95% CI=0.4-1.5). Broken down, the seroprevalence of brucellosis among the workers involved in slaughtering was 0.7% (95% CI=0.3-1.6), the handlers of residual products was 1.7% (95% CI=0.7-3.9) respectively. Risk factors for contracting brucellosis among slaughterhouse workers were being splashed with cattle blood around the mouth, cattle secretions around the body and not putting on protective apron while at work. Conclusions : An educational program is needed for high risk groups on zoonoses about the prevention of infection. Thus, effective working guidelines for workers who participate in the slaughter of animals must be developed in order to protect them from zoonoses.
Advances in Cell and Gene Therapy
The study of an organism’s genome, often known as “genomics,” has advanced quickly, producing a w... more The study of an organism’s genome, often known as “genomics,” has advanced quickly, producing a wealth of publicly accessible genetic data. Despite how valuable the genome is; proteins essentially control most aspects of cell function. Proteomics, or the comprehensive study of proteins, has emerged as an important technology for disease characterization, diagnosis, prognosis, drug development, and therapy. Proteomics technologies are now used to support the diagnosis and treatment of both infectious and noninfectious diseases. Nevertheless, it is more difficult to describe a proteomic profile since a single gene product may result in a number of unique proteins, and proteins have a wider range of chemical configurations. The proteome profiles of a particular organism, tissue, or cell are impacted by a variety of environmental factors, including those triggered by infectious agents. This review intends to highlight the applications of proteomics in the study of disease diagnosis and ...
Journal of Parasitology Research
A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2021 to July 2022 to determine the prevalence... more A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2021 to July 2022 to determine the prevalence and identify major ixodid ticks of cattle and associated risk factors in the case of Areka District, Woliata Zone, and Southern Ethiopia. Standard physical and direct stereomicroscopy techniques were employed for identification of tick genera. Descriptive statistics and chi-squared test analyses were used for data analysis and P < 0.05 was considered as significant. During the study period, a sample of 384 local breed cattle’s were taken by random selection and a total of 683 adult ixodid ticks were collected from different body parts of infested animals. Among 384 examined animals, 275 (71.6%; 95% CI: 62.8–80.4) animals were infested with one or more ixodid tick genera. In current study, the major ixodid tick genera infesting cattle were Ambylomma (32.2%), Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) (30%), Haylomma (16.8%), and Rhipicephalus (21%), and most of the genera preferred dewlap and sternum ...
Journal of Parasitology Research
A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Sidama region’s Hawassa town from March 2021 to Ju... more A cross-sectional study was carried out in the Sidama region’s Hawassa town from March 2021 to July 2021 with the aim of estimating the prevalence and associated factors of dog gastrointestinal helminths. A total of 384 dogs were randomly selected, and their feces were examined using a flotation technique. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and chi-square analyses were employed, and a P -value of less than 0.05 was considered as significant. Accordingly, 56% ( n = 215 ; 95% CI, 49.26–62.66) of dogs had gastrointestinal helminth parasite infection, of which 42.2% ( n = 162 ) had a single infection and 13.8% ( n = 53 ) had a mixed infection. In this study, Strongyloides sp. was the most detected helminth (24.2%), followed by Ancylostoma sp. (15.37%), Trichuris vulpis (14.6%), Toxocara canis (5.73%), Echinococcus sp. (5.47%), and Dipylidium caninum (4.43%). Out of the total sampled dogs tested positive for one or more gastrointestinal helminths, 37.5% ( n = 144 ) were males and ...
Veterinary Medicine and Science
Abstract Background In pastoral and lowland areas of the country particularly in Afar region, stu... more Abstract Background In pastoral and lowland areas of the country particularly in Afar region, studies suggested higher prevalence of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) than mid and highland agro‐ecologies. Though CBPP is a prime constraint to cattle productivity in the region, research outputs pertaining to CBPP are unavailable compared to highland areas. Thus, the objectives of the current study were to determine seroprevalence of CBPP and assess risk factors in selected districts of Afar region. Methods A cross‐sectional study was conducted on cattle aged 6 months and above from February 2018 to January 2019 in selected districts of the region. A total of 420 blood samples were collected and sera were separated for further serologic analysis. Using competitive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (c‐ELISA), antibodies against Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies mycoides small colony (MmmSc) were detected at National Veterinary Institute, Ethiopia. Data were analysed using Stata version 14.0. Result Of 420 samples tested by c‐ELISA, 158 samples were found to be positive for CBPP providing an overall seroprevalence of 37.6%. Among the three risk factors considered (age, sex and district) assessed, only two (age and district) were found to be associated significantly with the disease (p < 0.05) at 95% CI and p‐value less than 5% applying logistic regression. Conclusion The study has revealed a higher prevalence of CBPP over the study areas urging a coordinated act to be set in place.
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Papers by Gizachew Fentahun