International Journal of Biomedical Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2020
We report biological procedure of synthesising nano-gold (AuNPs) over reduced graphene oxide (rGO... more We report biological procedure of synthesising nano-gold (AuNPs) over reduced graphene oxide (rGO) using physiologically important enzyme β galactosidase. The [email protected] NC was characterised using biophysical techniques. [email protected] immobilised with glucose oxidase (GOx) was achieved by drop-coating glassy carbon electrode surface with Nafion (Nf) as preservative membrane. EIS, amperometric response and cyclic voltammetry were used to determine electrochemical properties of the biosensor. The Nf/GOx/[email protected]/GCE biosensor had sensitivity of 18.25 μA mM−1 cm−2 and linear range of 0.05-18 mM (R2 = 0.997) with detection limit of 36 μM (S/N = 3). The response time over a period of 60 days depicted the biosensor to be quite stable. The potential of the bioelectrode in assessment of human blood glucose concentrations was compared with commercially available glucose sensors. The sensitivity and stability infer the biosensor is capable of functioning specifically in analysis of glucose in physiological fluids.
Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining, 2019
With the advent of child-centric content-sharing platforms, such as YouTube Kids, thousands of ch... more With the advent of child-centric content-sharing platforms, such as YouTube Kids, thousands of children, from all age groups are consuming gigabytes of content on a daily basis. With PBS Kids, Disney Jr. and countless others joining in the fray, this consumption of video data stands to grow further in quantity and diversity. However, it has been observed increasingly that content unsuitable for children often slips through the cracks and lands on such platforms. To investigate this phenomenon in more detail, we collect a first of its kind dataset of inappropriate videos hosted on such children-focused apps and platforms. Alarmingly, our study finds that there is a noticeable percentage of such videos currently being watched by kids with some inappropriate videos having millions of views already. To address this problem, we develop a deep learning architecture that can flag such videos and report them. Our results show that the proposed system can be successfully applied to various types of animations, cartoons and CGI videos to detect any inappropriate content within them.
Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2021
With AI on the boom, DeepFakes have emerged as a tool with a massive potential for abuse. The hyp... more With AI on the boom, DeepFakes have emerged as a tool with a massive potential for abuse. The hyper-realistic imagery of these manipulated videos coupled with the expedited delivery models of social media platforms gives deception, propaganda, and disinformation an entirely new meaning. Hence, raising awareness about DeepFakes and how to accurately flag them has become imperative. However, given differences in human cognition and perception, this is not straightforward. In this paper, we perform an investigative user study and also analyze existing AI detection algorithms from the literature to demystify the unknowns that are at play behind the scenes when detecting DeepFakes. Based on our findings, we design a customized training program to improve detection and evaluate on a treatment group of low-literate population, which is most vulnerable to DeepFakes. Our results suggest that, while DeepFakes are becoming imperceptible, contextualized education and training can help raise awareness and improve detection.
Oxidative stress has significant contribution in onset and progression of diabetes. The disease o... more Oxidative stress has significant contribution in onset and progression of diabetes. The disease onset leads to elevated levels of free radicals rendering the oxidant-inducing mechanisms incapable of protecting cellular organelles from inflicted damage. Herein, β-galactosidase-mediated bio-enzymatic synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) was pioneered and characterized. These obtained ZnO NPs were assessed for their antidiabetic activity against streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. For this objective, 36 male albino mice were separated into 6 groups. The diabetes was induced in mice with STZ (120 mg kg −1 body weight), and further treated with three different doses of ZnO NPs (0.5 mg kg −1 , 1 mg kg −1 , and 2 mg kg −1) for 28 days. The results unveiled protective effects in diabetic mice treated with ZnO NPs through restoration of changes in body weight and normal glucose levels. The effects of ZnO NPs on lipid peroxidation and carbonyl contents were protective in liver, kidney and pancreas of diseased groups. Levels of serum biomarkers such as cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL-C indicated ZnO NPs treatment caused these levels to plummet towards control parameters. Normal liver function markers and urea levels in serum indicated successful treatment of diabetic mice with ZnO NPs. Histopathological studies revealed protective and non-toxic effects of ZnO NPs over vital tissues of kidney, liver, and pancreas. The results divulge efficacious pharmaceutical potential of ZnO NPs against formation of reactive oxygen species by scavenging free radicals enhancing the functioning of antioxidant fortifying enzymes generating sustenance over hyperglycemic conditions.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of manual hyperinflation (MHI) and ventilator hyperinflation (V... more OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of manual hyperinflation (MHI) and ventilator hyperinflation (VHI) delivered to completely sedated and paralyzed patients undergoing mitral valve replacement (MVR) while maintaining minute ventilation. METHODS: This was a randomized study with a 2-group, pre-test, post-test experimental design. Effects of hyperinflation were studied on static compliance (C stat), dynamic compliance (C dyn), oxygenation (PaO 2 :FIO 2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (PaCO 2), and cologarithm of activity of dissolved hydrogen ions in arterial blood (pH). A sample of 30 patients in the immediate postoperative phase of MVR surgery were included in the study. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between the groups. Significant improvements were found in oxygenation at both 1 minute and 20 minutes after MHI, but only at 1 minute after VHI (P < .05). VHI led to improved C dyn (P < .05). CONCLUSION: In the immediate postoperative phase of MVR, both techniques produced similar effects on respiratory compliance and oxygenation. MHI produced longer lasting improvements in oxygenation than VHI, whereas VHI produced better improvements in dynamic compliance. PaCO 2 and pH were maintained by both.
Heart & Lung: The Journal of Acute and Critical Care, 2011
It seems that different researchers are thinking of MH in different ways. Some researchers, as do... more It seems that different researchers are thinking of MH in different ways. Some researchers, as do Ahmed et al, 1 use MH as a recruitment tooldapplying PEEP with MH for this reason is necessary but perhaps impossible. Other researchers use MH as a tool to mobilize airway secretions 6 dwhen this is the aim, PEEP prevents MH from being effective. References 1. Ahmed F, Shafeeq AM, Moiz JA, Geelani MA. Comparison of effects of manual versus ventilator hyperinflation on respiratory compliance and arterial blood gases in patients undergoing mitral valve replacement.
Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications, 2018
The fabrication of nanoparticles (NPs) has been a wide realm of studies focusing majorly on their... more The fabrication of nanoparticles (NPs) has been a wide realm of studies focusing majorly on their dispersion and stabilization. The use of biological components as reducing agents has led to emergence of environment-friendly and cost-effective approaches of synthesis. The primary aim was synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) mediated by enzyme β galactosidase. The surface plasmon resonance peaks of AgNPs were screened using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy against varying time of synthesis and concentration of enzyme. The mean dimension was 12.89 ± 0.16 nm as determined by the transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction patterns. The obtained NPs were fine spherical and quasi-spherical assemblages as revealed by the scanning electron microscopy studies. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed that β galactosidase contributed to the reduction and stabilization of the silver nanoparticles. The crystallinity and presence of elemental silver was...
International Journal of Biomedical Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2020
We report biological procedure of synthesising nano-gold (AuNPs) over reduced graphene oxide (rGO... more We report biological procedure of synthesising nano-gold (AuNPs) over reduced graphene oxide (rGO) using physiologically important enzyme β galactosidase. The [email protected] NC was characterised using biophysical techniques. [email protected] immobilised with glucose oxidase (GOx) was achieved by drop-coating glassy carbon electrode surface with Nafion (Nf) as preservative membrane. EIS, amperometric response and cyclic voltammetry were used to determine electrochemical properties of the biosensor. The Nf/GOx/[email protected]/GCE biosensor had sensitivity of 18.25 μA mM−1 cm−2 and linear range of 0.05-18 mM (R2 = 0.997) with detection limit of 36 μM (S/N = 3). The response time over a period of 60 days depicted the biosensor to be quite stable. The potential of the bioelectrode in assessment of human blood glucose concentrations was compared with commercially available glucose sensors. The sensitivity and stability infer the biosensor is capable of functioning specifically in analysis of glucose in physiological fluids.
Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining, 2019
With the advent of child-centric content-sharing platforms, such as YouTube Kids, thousands of ch... more With the advent of child-centric content-sharing platforms, such as YouTube Kids, thousands of children, from all age groups are consuming gigabytes of content on a daily basis. With PBS Kids, Disney Jr. and countless others joining in the fray, this consumption of video data stands to grow further in quantity and diversity. However, it has been observed increasingly that content unsuitable for children often slips through the cracks and lands on such platforms. To investigate this phenomenon in more detail, we collect a first of its kind dataset of inappropriate videos hosted on such children-focused apps and platforms. Alarmingly, our study finds that there is a noticeable percentage of such videos currently being watched by kids with some inappropriate videos having millions of views already. To address this problem, we develop a deep learning architecture that can flag such videos and report them. Our results show that the proposed system can be successfully applied to various types of animations, cartoons and CGI videos to detect any inappropriate content within them.
Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2021
With AI on the boom, DeepFakes have emerged as a tool with a massive potential for abuse. The hyp... more With AI on the boom, DeepFakes have emerged as a tool with a massive potential for abuse. The hyper-realistic imagery of these manipulated videos coupled with the expedited delivery models of social media platforms gives deception, propaganda, and disinformation an entirely new meaning. Hence, raising awareness about DeepFakes and how to accurately flag them has become imperative. However, given differences in human cognition and perception, this is not straightforward. In this paper, we perform an investigative user study and also analyze existing AI detection algorithms from the literature to demystify the unknowns that are at play behind the scenes when detecting DeepFakes. Based on our findings, we design a customized training program to improve detection and evaluate on a treatment group of low-literate population, which is most vulnerable to DeepFakes. Our results suggest that, while DeepFakes are becoming imperceptible, contextualized education and training can help raise awareness and improve detection.
Oxidative stress has significant contribution in onset and progression of diabetes. The disease o... more Oxidative stress has significant contribution in onset and progression of diabetes. The disease onset leads to elevated levels of free radicals rendering the oxidant-inducing mechanisms incapable of protecting cellular organelles from inflicted damage. Herein, β-galactosidase-mediated bio-enzymatic synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) was pioneered and characterized. These obtained ZnO NPs were assessed for their antidiabetic activity against streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic mice. For this objective, 36 male albino mice were separated into 6 groups. The diabetes was induced in mice with STZ (120 mg kg −1 body weight), and further treated with three different doses of ZnO NPs (0.5 mg kg −1 , 1 mg kg −1 , and 2 mg kg −1) for 28 days. The results unveiled protective effects in diabetic mice treated with ZnO NPs through restoration of changes in body weight and normal glucose levels. The effects of ZnO NPs on lipid peroxidation and carbonyl contents were protective in liver, kidney and pancreas of diseased groups. Levels of serum biomarkers such as cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL-C indicated ZnO NPs treatment caused these levels to plummet towards control parameters. Normal liver function markers and urea levels in serum indicated successful treatment of diabetic mice with ZnO NPs. Histopathological studies revealed protective and non-toxic effects of ZnO NPs over vital tissues of kidney, liver, and pancreas. The results divulge efficacious pharmaceutical potential of ZnO NPs against formation of reactive oxygen species by scavenging free radicals enhancing the functioning of antioxidant fortifying enzymes generating sustenance over hyperglycemic conditions.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of manual hyperinflation (MHI) and ventilator hyperinflation (V... more OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of manual hyperinflation (MHI) and ventilator hyperinflation (VHI) delivered to completely sedated and paralyzed patients undergoing mitral valve replacement (MVR) while maintaining minute ventilation. METHODS: This was a randomized study with a 2-group, pre-test, post-test experimental design. Effects of hyperinflation were studied on static compliance (C stat), dynamic compliance (C dyn), oxygenation (PaO 2 :FIO 2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (PaCO 2), and cologarithm of activity of dissolved hydrogen ions in arterial blood (pH). A sample of 30 patients in the immediate postoperative phase of MVR surgery were included in the study. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between the groups. Significant improvements were found in oxygenation at both 1 minute and 20 minutes after MHI, but only at 1 minute after VHI (P < .05). VHI led to improved C dyn (P < .05). CONCLUSION: In the immediate postoperative phase of MVR, both techniques produced similar effects on respiratory compliance and oxygenation. MHI produced longer lasting improvements in oxygenation than VHI, whereas VHI produced better improvements in dynamic compliance. PaCO 2 and pH were maintained by both.
Heart & Lung: The Journal of Acute and Critical Care, 2011
It seems that different researchers are thinking of MH in different ways. Some researchers, as do... more It seems that different researchers are thinking of MH in different ways. Some researchers, as do Ahmed et al, 1 use MH as a recruitment tooldapplying PEEP with MH for this reason is necessary but perhaps impossible. Other researchers use MH as a tool to mobilize airway secretions 6 dwhen this is the aim, PEEP prevents MH from being effective. References 1. Ahmed F, Shafeeq AM, Moiz JA, Geelani MA. Comparison of effects of manual versus ventilator hyperinflation on respiratory compliance and arterial blood gases in patients undergoing mitral valve replacement.
Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications, 2018
The fabrication of nanoparticles (NPs) has been a wide realm of studies focusing majorly on their... more The fabrication of nanoparticles (NPs) has been a wide realm of studies focusing majorly on their dispersion and stabilization. The use of biological components as reducing agents has led to emergence of environment-friendly and cost-effective approaches of synthesis. The primary aim was synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) mediated by enzyme β galactosidase. The surface plasmon resonance peaks of AgNPs were screened using ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy against varying time of synthesis and concentration of enzyme. The mean dimension was 12.89 ± 0.16 nm as determined by the transmission electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction patterns. The obtained NPs were fine spherical and quasi-spherical assemblages as revealed by the scanning electron microscopy studies. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed that β galactosidase contributed to the reduction and stabilization of the silver nanoparticles. The crystallinity and presence of elemental silver was...
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Papers by Faizan Ahmed