Papers by Faizah Mohd Zaki PPUKM
Paediatrics Today, 2016
The aim of this paper is to show the benefits of contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography as a new... more The aim of this paper is to show the benefits of contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography as a new method in the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux. In the era of increasing radiation awareness, radiation doses to infants and children should be kept as low as reasonably achievable. Recent advances in tissue-harmonic and contrast-specific imaging techniques, together with the development of second-generation contrast agents, have improved the potential of ultrasonography, in both the diagnosis and grading of vesicoureteral reflux in children. Contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography is a radiation free, reliable, highly sensitive and safe imaging modality for vesicoureteral reflux and urethral evaluation in children. Conclusion -Therefore, due to all its advantages, contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography is the preferred method in the diagnosis and grading of vesicoureteral reflux and should be incorporated into the paediatric urinary tract infection diagnostic algorithm.
Hong Kong Journal of Radiology, Sep 25, 2019
Background: Ewing sarcoma (ES) is an aggressive tumour which is typically skeletal in origin. ES ... more Background: Ewing sarcoma (ES) is an aggressive tumour which is typically skeletal in origin. ES involving the head and neck region is uncommon and can be easily confused with other small round blue cell tumours. We herein present a rare case of ES involving the sinonasal area. Case presentation: A 5-year-old Somalian boy with no known medical illness presented with progressive nasal blockage associated with clear nasal discharge and intermittent spontaneous epistaxis for three months. CT paranasal sinus and neck region revealed poorly enhancing expansile mass in the right maxillary sinus with areas of necrosis within. Initial radiological differential diagnoses were lymphoma and rhabdomyosarcoma. The mass was biopsied and histologically showed diffuse sheets of small round blue cells that was positive to CD99, NSE and vimentin. The muscle and lymphoid markers were negative. Fluorescence in-situ hybridisation (FISH) study revealed the presence of EWSR1 gene rearrangement thus diagnosis of ES was rendered. Conclusions: ES of sinonasal tract is a rare entity and its pathological features significantly overlap with others small round blue cells tumour. Demonstration of EWSR1 gene translocation is recommended for the diagnosis of ES particularly at uncommon sites.
Pediatric Radiology, Feb 17, 2020
Autoinflammatory diseases constitute a family of disorders defined by aberrant stimulation of inf... more Autoinflammatory diseases constitute a family of disorders defined by aberrant stimulation of inflammatory pathways without involving antigen-directed autoimmunity. They may be divided into monogenic and polygenic types. Monogenic autoinflammatory syndromes are those with identified genetic mutations, such as familial Mediterranean fever, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic fever syndrome (TRAPS), mevalonate kinase deficiency or hyperimmunoglobulin D syndrome, cryopyrin-associated periodic fever syndromes (CAPS), pyogenic arthritis pyoderma gangrenosum and acne (PAPA) syndrome, interleukin-10 and interleukin-10 receptor deficiencies, adenosine deaminase 2 deficiency and pediatric sarcoidosis. Those without an identified genetic mutation are known as polygenic and include systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis, idiopathic recurrent acute pericarditis, Behçet syndrome, chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis and inflammatory bowel disease among others. Autoinflammatory disorders are defined by repeating episodes or persistent fever, rash, serositis, lymphadenopathy, arthritis and increased acute phase reactants, and thus may mimic infections clinically. Most monogenic autoinflammatory syndromes present in childhood. However, because of their infrequency, diverse and nonspecific presentation, and the relatively new genetic recognition, diagnosis is usually delayed. In this article, which is Part 1 of a two-part series, the authors update monogenic autoinflammatory diseases in children with special emphasis on imaging features that may help establish the correct diagnosis.
Frontiers in Pediatrics, Dec 9, 2021
Background: Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor (DL-GNT) is a new entity described in the 2... more Background: Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumor (DL-GNT) is a new entity described in the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of brain tumors. While DL-GNT is predominantly an indolent tumor that affects young boys, high-grade DL-GNT is unusual and seldom reported in children. Case Presentation: In this report, we describe the challenges and pitfalls associated with diagnosing this high-grade variant in a tuberculosis-endemic region. We highlight the importance of identifying non-typical imaging findings, i.e., non-enhancing cystic lesions with high T2 signal along the leptomeningeal surface, that may expedite the diagnosis of this condition. Histopathologic correlations with MR spectroscopy findings are also discussed. Conclusion: We provide the first clinical imaging report of utilizing MR spectroscopy to distinguish DL-GNT from tuberculosis with histopathologic correlation.
Korean Journal of Family Medicine, Mar 20, 2023
Background: Diastasis rectus abdominis (DRA) involves the separation of the midline abdominal mus... more Background: Diastasis rectus abdominis (DRA) involves the separation of the midline abdominal muscles and linea alba and affects more than half of postpartum women. This study aimed to assess the effect of a split tummy exercise program (STEP) on DRA closure in postpartum mothers. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted from 2008 to 2020 at the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Clinic of the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre. Primigravida mothers diagnosed with DRA were selected and randomly assigned to the intervention (n=21) or control (n=20) group. The intervention group underwent a home-based STEP consisting of three phases of nine abdominal exercises. DRA size was assessed at baseline and at 8 weeks postpartum using two-dimensional ultrasound. Results: The mean age of the participants was 28 years (standard deviation, 3.6), with the majority of Malay ethnicity (87.8%) and working mothers (78%). After 8 weeks, the intervention group showed a significant reduction in DRA size of up to 27% (mean difference, 6.17 mm; 95% confidence interval, 3.7-8.7; P<0.001). No significant intergroup DRA changes were observed after 8 weeks of follow-up. Conclusion: Early postpartum screening for DRA should be advocated to allow early STEP intervention to ensure favorable outcomes. STEP intervention is an effective postnatal training program for managing DRA.
Indian Journal of Otology, 2018
Radiological assessment is an essential tool for preoperative assessment of cochlear implant (CI)... more Radiological assessment is an essential tool for preoperative assessment of cochlear implant (CI) candidates with congenital sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). It gives crucial information of the inner ear, vestibulocochlear nerve, and brain. Hypoplasia of the cochlear nerve bony canal is commonly associated with profound SNHL, whereby 88% of this abnormality was found in 95% of CI candidates. This finding may be associated with internal auditory canal hypoplasia or other cranial nerve abnormalities. We describe a rare case of a patient diagnosed with congenital SNHL exhibiting an interesting radiological finding of an anomalous vestibular nerve course alongside hypoplasia of the cochlear bony canal which could be postulated by the complex embryological development of the inner ear.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Mar 25, 2022
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences
Cureus
Nurul-Ain et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commo... more Nurul-Ain et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License CC-BY 4.0., which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology
Background: The use of intestinal ultrasound (IUS) in the management of inflammatory bowel diseas... more Background: The use of intestinal ultrasound (IUS) in the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is emerging. We aim to determine the performance of IUS in the assessment of disease activity in IBD. Methods: This is a prospective cross-sectional study of IUS performed on IBD patients in a tertiary centre. IUS parameters including intestinal wall thickness, loss of wall stratification, mesenteric fibrofatty proliferation, and increased vascularity were compared with endoscopic and clinical activity indices. Results: Among the 51 patients, 58.8% were male, with a mean age of 41 years. Fifty-seven percent had underlying ulcerative colitis with mean disease duration of 8.4 years. Against ileocolonoscopy, IUS had a sensitivity of 67% (95% confidence interval (CI): 41-86) for detecting endoscopically active disease. It had high specificity of 97% (95% CI: 82-99) with positive and negative predictive values of 92% and 84%, respectively. Against clinical activity index, IUS had a se...
Indian Journal of Radiology and Imaging
Objectives: The objective of this study is to describe the imaging features of medulloblastoma (M... more Objectives: The objective of this study is to describe the imaging features of medulloblastoma (MB) and correlate the MR characteristics with the different histological subtype of MB with 2-year survival. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective descriptive study. A total of 29 patients diagnosed with MB from January 2005 to December 2015 were included in this study. The MRI brain and spine studies of these patients were retrieved and reviewed by a pediatric radiologist and a neuroradiologist independently, both blinded from the histological type of the MB. The HPE slides were also retrieved and reviewed by a pathologist. Results: 80% of desmoplastic MB showed the presence of intracranial leptomeningeal seeding and 57.1% of anaplastic MB showed the presence of necrosis. The presence of intracranial leptomeningeal seeding (P = 0.002) and necrosis (P = 0.019) was predictive of the histological subtypes. There is a significant correlation between the enhancement pattern and the 2...
BMJ Case Reports
Brainstem tuberculoma is diagnostically challenging as it lacks clinical clues and imaging mimics... more Brainstem tuberculoma is diagnostically challenging as it lacks clinical clues and imaging mimics a high-grade glioma (HGG). We report the case of an adolescent girl diagnosed with brainstem HGG, who was referred to our centre for Gamma Knife. Initial MRI showed a pontomedullary junction, ring-enhancing lobulated lesion demonstrating distinct central hypointensity on T2-weighted (T2W) and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images with extensive vasogenic oedema. An alternative diagnosis of infection was entertained, and biopsy was suggested; however, the parents opted for a trial of alternative treatment. Suboccipital craniotomy and debulking were only performed 3 months later when her symptoms worsened, and MRI revealed enlargement of the lesion. A cheesy ‘tumour’ was noted intraoperatively; histopathological findings later confirmed chronic granulomatous inflammation. In an endemic area, a high index of suspicion of a tuberculoma is vital specifically in the presence of c...
Frontiers in Radiology
ObjectivePatients with thalassemia major do require lifetime blood transfusions that eventually r... more ObjectivePatients with thalassemia major do require lifetime blood transfusions that eventually result in iron accumulation in different organs. We described the usefulness of using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2*imaging values for the evaluation of pancreatic iron load in these patients, and we correlated it with MRI T2* haemosiderosis of the myocardium and liver that has been recognized as a non-invasive assessment of iron overload among patients with thalassemia major.Materials and methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study on 39 patients with thalassemia major in one of the tertiary university hospitals for a 1-year period. Demographic data were collected from the patient's history. MRI T2* of the pancreas, liver, and heart were executed on all patients in the same setting. Objective values of iron overload in these organs were obtained using the MRI post-processing software from online software.ResultsA total of 32 (82.1%) patients had pancreatic iron overload includi...
Diagnostics
Introduction: The primary communication between the radiologist and referrer is through the radio... more Introduction: The primary communication between the radiologist and referrer is through the radiological report. However, there are incidents of misinterpretation during radiologist training. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the accuracy level and incidence of interpretation errors for plain radiographs among radiology trainees at our institution. Materials and Methods: The present study retrospectively reviewed 508 reported plain radiographs for one year, and two radiologists subsequently evaluated these plain radiographs. The initial diagnosis by the trainee was compared with the radiologists’ evaluation, and the results were categorized as either ‘accurate’, ‘minor discrepancy’, or ‘major discrepancy’. The data were analyzed concerning the overall performance, year of trainee, anatomic area, patient age group, and radiograph type. A chi-square test was performed, with p < 0.05 indicating statistical significance. Results: The overall accuracy rate was 69%, with m...
British Paediatric Neurology Association
Children (Basel), Apr 29, 2022
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Hong Kong Journal of Radiology
All data generated or analysed during the present study are included in this published article an... more All data generated or analysed during the present study are included in this published article and the online supplementary Appendix. Ethics Approval: This manuscript is for pictorial review only so no formal ethics approval or written consent was obtained. The patients were treated in accordance with the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. All patients provided written informed consent for all treatments and procedures and verbal consent for publication.
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Papers by Faizah Mohd Zaki PPUKM