Papers by Evening Stone Marboh
Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Feb 20, 2015
Fifty citrus (Citrus spp) genotypes comprising cultivars, strains and hybrids were characterized ... more Fifty citrus (Citrus spp) genotypes comprising cultivars, strains and hybrids were characterized by using morphological characters in this study. Twenty quantitative characters from leaves, flowers and fruits were evaluated and morphological data from fifty accessions were submitted to one-way ANOVA, principal component and cluster analysis. The matrix of average dissimilarity between genotypes was estimated using Euclidean distance. Significant variation in quantitative characteristics among genotypes was observed. The average distance ranged from 0.09-3.77. The clustering pattern clearly differentiates the genotypes into separate clusters based on their dissimilarity values. The first 3 principal components explained 58.72% of variation and identified seeds/fruit, juice content, pH, TSS, TSS:TA and petal size as important traits that can be used to differentiate genotypes. Among all genotypes, small fruited mandarins were highly diverse while sweet orange and grapefruit genotypes presented the lowest diversity. The high diversity observed within the genotypes points to ample possibilities of obtaining desirable trait combinations in specific cultivars.
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, Feb 10, 2018
The present investigation was carried out to find the efficiency and effectiveness of various mut... more The present investigation was carried out to find the efficiency and effectiveness of various mutagenic treatments of gamma rays and EMS on cape gooseberry. Genetically pure, uniform and dry seeds of cape gooseberry were subjected to 2, 5, 10, 15 and 20 kR doses of gamma rays and 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 and 0.05 M concentration of ethyl methane sulfonate along with control. Chlorophyll mutation, biological damages and viable mutant frequency was recorded in M1 and M2 generation. Highest mutation frequency 3.17% was observed in 0.02 M EMS followed by 0.03 M EMS 2.42% and the effectiveness of EMS treatments ranged from 1.09 to 4.55 and 2 kR and 0.02 M EMS were the most efficient treatments. The higher doses of both mutagen lead to lethal injury and sterility.
International journal of innovative horticulture, 2020
Acta horticulturae, Oct 1, 2020
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2020
A field experiment was conducted to assess the effect of different spacing and planting system on... more A field experiment was conducted to assess the effect of different spacing and planting system on growth and physiological parameters of Litchi cv. Shahi for two consecutive years (2018-19) at ICAR-NRC on Litchi, Muzaffarpur (Bihar). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with six different planting spacing namely 4x3 m with supporting, 4 x 3 m without supporting, 5 x 3 m, 6 x 4 m, and 8 x 4 m. The planting spacing at 8 x 8 m was used as control. Each treatment contains four replications. The growth characters in terms of height of plant (m), girth diameter (cm), spread of plant EW-NS (m), canopy diameter (m), canopy area (m), leaf area (cm), total cross sectional area (cm 2), extend of flushes and physiological parameters in terms of total chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and PAR were recorded during the present investigation. Maximum plant height (5.54 m), girth diameter (74.67 cm), plant spread EW (5.82 m), NS (6.91 m), canopy diameter (6.23 cm), canopy area (62.25m 2), TCSA (398.21 cm 2), flush length (44 cm), flush diameter (7.60 mm), total chlorophyll content (mg/g) and gas exchanges viz stomatal conductance (62.25 mol.m-2 s-1), transpiration rate (2.48 m.mol m-2 s-1), PAR (1583.25 µ mol m-2 s-1) was observed in wider spacing plants at a spacing of 8 x 8 m.
The present context elaborates the potential of tissue culture in production of quality planting ... more The present context elaborates the potential of tissue culture in production of quality planting materials in litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.). The plant is native to China but also grows well in India, Vietnam, Thailand, Taiwan, parts of Africa, Israel, Australia and at higher elevations in Mexico and Central and South America. However, its commercial cultivation is limited to only a few subtropical countries in the world due to its specific climatic requirements. With increased commercial importance coupled with rapid expanding market at both the national and international level, it is imperative to assure sufficient production of quality planting materials in litchi. In this review several in vitro culture techniques in litchi will be highlighted.
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, Sep 10, 2018
Indian Journal of Horticulture, 2012
Post-harvest browning, highly perishable nature and poor shelf-life of litchi cv. Rose Scented fr... more Post-harvest browning, highly perishable nature and poor shelf-life of litchi cv. Rose Scented fruits are the major constraints that significantly reduce its commercial potential in the fresh market. To overcome these maladies, an investigation using Hot Water Treatment (HWT) at 55°C for 12 min., alone or in combination with 10% oxalic acid (OA) for 15 min. along with control (pre-cooling and without pre-cooling), was conducted under cold storage conditions (5°C and 85 ± 5% RH). Treated fruits were placed inside the polythene bags kept at 2% ventilation level. Commercial sulphur dioxide (SO2) fumigation was also included for comparison. Litchi fruits that were treated with a combined treatment of HWT at 55°C for 12 min. and 10% OA for 15 min. stored well upto 18 days under cold storage conditions, with maximum retention of red pericarp colour and very good sensory and quality attributes, registering maximum marketability percentage, TSS content and titratable acidity.
Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Oct 24, 2018
Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is one of the most important subtropical fruit crops of the world... more Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is one of the most important subtropical fruit crops of the world. Improvement in this crop is constrained by its narrow genetic base, which is a major bottleneck in reaching the desired objectives. Studies on the nature and extent of genetic variability are highly relevant to yield information that can be useful for genetic improvement programmes. In the present study, 22 litchi genotypes including three new varieties were assessed for the variability, heritability and genetic advance and principal component analysis on the basis of 13 quantitative fruit traits. High phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation were recorded for pulp weight (32.86 and 31.11%), seed weight (30.56 and 27.93%), peel thickness (25.07 and 20.21%), pulp thickness (24.79 and 22.22%) and fruit weight (22.65 and 21.17%).The heritability and genetic advance were found maximum for fruit yield/plant. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was recorded for fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, pulp weight, pulp thickness, seed weight, peel thickness, peel weight, seed width (y-axis) and yield/plant, indicating ample scope of improvement for these traits through selection. From PCA and variability estimates, fruit weight, pulp weight, peel weight, peel thickness, seed weight and seed size were identified as important traits for identifying high-yielding genotypes.
Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Jun 14, 2018
Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is one of the important commercial fruits of the subtropical regi... more Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is one of the important commercial fruits of the subtropical region. Its short flowering period couple with narrow genetic base serves as the major constraints in litchi genetic improvement. Pollen are known to directly influence reproductive success and genetic structure of the plant population. In this study, we compare the pollen quantity per anther, viability and in vitro pollen germination of two types of male flower (M1 and M2) of four different litchi genotype, viz. Shahi, China, Bedana and Kasba. Pollen quantity was evaluated by blood count method while pollen viability was assessed using acetocarmine, 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC), 2, 5-diphenyl monotetrazolium bromide (MTT) and aniline blue-lectophenol staining methods. For germination test, different concentrations of sucrose, boric acid (H 3 BO 3) and agar were used. Highest pollen quantity was observed in Shahi (5292) followed by China (5022), Kasba (4775), and Bedana (4186) in the pollen from M2 flower. Acetocarmine solution (1.0 %) was most suitable dye for pollen viability test. Staining results revealed that M2 pollen were more viable than M1. Among the different media concentrations, in vitro pollen germination medium containing 15 % sucrose + 100 ppm boric acid + 1.0% agar showed promising results. Further assessment of the germination potential, pollen from M1 and M2 flower were incubated at different temperature and duration. Highest germination rate was observed at 25 o C with incubation period of 12 hr but maximum pollen tube growth occurs at 25 o C for 24 hr. Pollen from M2 flower had significantly higher pollen quantity, viability and germination rate compared to pollen from M1flower. Preservation and conservation of M2 pollen with high viability and germination potential for adaptation to different climatic condition of this important litchi tree fruit.
Progressive horticulture, 2021
The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences
The present study was carried out in 2017–18 at ICAR-NRC on Litchi, Muzaffarpur to assess the eff... more The present study was carried out in 2017–18 at ICAR-NRC on Litchi, Muzaffarpur to assess the effect of temperature, flowering time and inflorescence length on yield of litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) cv. Shahi. The study revealed that the temperature, flowering stage as well as length of inflorescence were positively correlated with florescence width (0.98) while fruit set was negatively correlated with temperature (-0.863). There was a strong correlation between fruit set and size of the inflorescence. Early-season flowering had higher fruit set (8.56%) as compared to mid (7.58%) and late-season (4.05%) flowering. Fruit set was critically reduced by 50% in late floweringplants resulting in drastic reduction in the total fruit yield. A strong positive correlation (0.84) was found between inflorescence hickness and fruit weight. Fruit and pulp weight were influenced by stage of flowering, as early flowering exhibited highest fruit weight (24.56 g) compared to mid and late flowering ...
Project Coordinator (Fruits) ICAR-IIHR, Hessaraghatta Lake Post, Bengaluru 560 089, Jul 1, 2019
International Journal of Economic Plants, 2021
Individual panicles produce hundreds of pistillate flowers but only a small proportion of these b... more Individual panicles produce hundreds of pistillate flowers but only a small proportion of these bear fruit and reach maturity. There are some stages of fruit drop during growth and development caused by different factors. An experimental trial was conducted in National Active Germplasm Site (NAGS) at ICAR-NRC on Litchi, Muzaffarpur, to assess the fruit drop due to different factors during 2014–2015. The result revealed that four factors viz., improper pollination and fertilization, embryo abortion, seed and fruit borer, and normal fruit abscission were associated with fruit drop in litchi and fruit drop varied from 23.53–77.54% with a maximum in Shahi and lowest in Elaichi during the first week of flowering. Fruit drop increased to 92.65–97.86% during the third week of flowering because of improper pollination and fertilization, and it reached a maximum level of 98.51–99.70% at the time of ripening stage with the lowest in Deshi. Embryo abortion was one primary cause of fruit drop d...
An experiment was conducted at ICAR-NRC on Litchi, Muzaffarpur during 2018 to assess the effect o... more An experiment was conducted at ICAR-NRC on Litchi, Muzaffarpur during 2018 to assess the effect of soaking of seed, orientation and depth of seed sowing on germination and seedling emergence in litchi. Result indicated that soaking of seed in water before sowing had improved seed germination in litchi. The maximum germination was found in GandakiLalima with 92.58% as compared to without soaking (62.75%).There was a significant reduction in seedling emergence with an increase in burial depth. Seeds sown at 1 cm depth showed the highest seedling emergence with an average percentage of 79.81.The highest seed germination was found in lay flat orientation when seeds were sown at the depth of 1 cm.Litchi seedlingemergence was greatest and most rapid when seeds were sown 1 cm deep and positioned flat, on their sides.
A study was conducted in order to examine the efficacy of hot water treatment (HWT) at 98°C for 3... more A study was conducted in order to examine the efficacy of hot water treatment (HWT) at 98°C for 30 seconds and 55°C for 12 min. and its combination with oxalic acid (OA) at 0.25 and 10% for 15 min. at room temperature. The control fruits were kept untreated under the same conditions. The fruits were analyzed for physico-chemical characteristics at every one day interval. Combined treatments of HWT (55°C, 12 min) and OA (10%, 15 min.) followed by HWT (98°C, 30 sec) and OA (10%, 15 min.) recorded significantly the lowest level of browning and spoilage loss, and have registered highest marketability percentage, TSS, ascorbic acid content and titratable acidity. However, results suggest that treatment with HWT (55°C, 12 min.) + OA (10%, 15 min.) was most effective in preserving the physiological changes and enhancing quality of litchi fruit.
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Papers by Evening Stone Marboh