Papers by Dudsadee Muenhor
Analytical chemistry, Mar 13, 2024
Frontiers in Marine Science, Jan 8, 2024
Frontiers in veterinary science, May 30, 2024
Environmental Pollution, Sep 1, 2023
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Sep 11, 2021
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY
Journal Of Environmental Science And Health, Part A, Oct 24, 2017
ABSTRACT This study was undertaken to investigate levels of organophosphorus flame retardants (PF... more ABSTRACT This study was undertaken to investigate levels of organophosphorus flame retardants (PFRs) and phthalates in floor and road dust from a manual e-waste dismantling facility and nearby communities in Thailand. Concentrations of Σ10 PFRs and Σ6 phthalates in floor dust from the facility were approximately 36–1,700 and 86,000–790,000 ng g−1, whereas those from the communities were about 13–9,200 and 44,000–2,700,000 ng g−1, respectively. The highest content of Σ10 PFRs (9,200 ng g−1) and Σ6 phthalates (2,700,000 ng g−1) in indoor dust was both detected in the dust sampled from a house with no prevailing winds located 350 m northeast of the facility. Levels of Σ10 PFRs and Σ6 phthalates in road dust from the facility were around 1,100–2,100 and 40,000–670,000 ng g−1, while those from the residences were about 650–2,000 and 27,000–650,000 ng g−1, respectively. Concentrations of Σ10 PFRs (2,100 ng g−1) and Σ6 phthalates (670,000 ng g−1) in road dust were greatest in the dust collected from the facility. For the distributional pattern, TBEP (tris (2-butoxyethyl) phosphate) was the main PFR in residential dust, whereas TPP (triphenyl phosphate) was the major PFR in facility dust. TBEP was also found to be the most prominent PFR in all road dust samples. Furthermore, DEHP (di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate) was the most abundant phthalate congener in both floor and road dust samples. Under realistic high-end scenarios of environmental exposure to DEHP, Thai toddlers (25.29 µg kg−1 bw day−1) in the adjacent communities were exposed above the US EPA's (United States Environmental Protection Agency) reference dose (RfD) for this congener (20 µg kg−1 bw day−1). Our data reveal that the PFR and phthalate-containing products at the residences are a likely substantial source of PFRs and phthalates to the surrounding indoor environment, and humans can be exposed to PFRs and phthalates in their dwellings via the settled floor dust.
Environment International, Oct 1, 2012
Within-house and within-room spatial temporal variability in PBDE contamination of indoor dust ma... more Within-house and within-room spatial temporal variability in PBDE contamination of indoor dust may influence substantially the reliability of human exposure assessments based on single point samples, but have hitherto been little studied. This paper reports concentrations of PBDEs 17, 28, 47, 49, 66, 85, 99, 100, 153, and 154 in indoor dust samples (n = 112) from two houses in Birmingham, UK. To evaluate within-house spatial variability, four separate rooms were sampled in house 1 and two separate rooms sampled in house 2. Up to four different 1 m 2 areas in the same room were sampled to evaluate within-room spatial variability, and for all studied areas, samples were taken for eight consecutive months to evaluate temporal and seasonal variability. Concentrations of ΣPBDEs in individual samples from house 1 varied between 21 and 280 ng g − 1 ; while the range of concentrations in house 2 was 20-1000 ng g − 1. This indicates that where and when a sample is taken in a house can influence substantially the contamination detected. In one room, concentrations of PBDEs in an area located close to putative PBDE sources exceeded substantially those in an area 2 m away, with marked differences also observed between two areas in another room. Substantial within-room spatial differences in PBDE concentrations were not discernible in the other rooms studied. Concentrations of PBDEs in the majority of rooms within the same houses were not markedly different between rooms. Nevertheless, large differences were observed between PBDE concentrations detected in two rooms in the same house in both houses studied. In one instance, this is hypothesised to be attributable to the presence of a carpet in one room and bare wooden floor in another, but firm conclusions cannot be drawn. Withinroom temporal (month-to-month) variability was substantial (relative standard deviations for ΣPBDEs = 15-200%). In some rooms, the introduction and removal of putative sources like a TV and a bed, appeared to exert a discernible influence on PBDE concentrations. PBDE concentrations in spring and summer were not markedly different from those observed in autumn and winter. Possible dilution of PBDE concentrations in dust at higher dust loadings (g dust per m 2 floor surface) was investigated in a small number of rooms, but no firm evidence of such dilution was evident.
Environment International, Oct 1, 2010
This study reports concentrations of brominated flame retardants in dust samples (n=25) and in in... more This study reports concentrations of brominated flame retardants in dust samples (n=25) and in indoor (n=5) and outdoor air (n=10) (using PUF disk passive air samplers) from 5 electronic and electrical waste (e-waste) storage facilities in Thailand. Concentrations of Sigma(10)PBDEs (BDEs 17, 28, 47, 49, 66, 85, 99, 100, 153 and 154) in outdoor air in the vicinity of e-waste storage facilities ranged from 8 to 150 pg m(-3). Indoor air concentrations ranged from 46 to 350 pg m(-3), with highest concentrations found in a personal computer and printer waste storage room at an e-waste storage facility. These are lower than reported previously for electronic waste treatment facilities in China, Sweden, and the US. Concentrations of Sigma(21)PBDEs (Sigma(10)PBDEs+BDEs 181, 183, 184, 191, 196, 197, 203, 206, 207, 208 and 209), decabromodiphenylethane (DBDPE), decabromobiphenyl (BB-209) in dust were 320-290,000, 43-8700 and <20-2300 ng g(-1) respectively, with the highest concentrations of Sigma(21)PBDEs, BDE-209 and DBDPE in a room used to house discarded TVs, stereos and radios. PBDE concentrations in dust were slightly higher but within the range of those detected in workshop floor dust from an e-waste recycling centre in China. The highest concentration of BB-209 was detected in a room storing discarded personal computers and printers. Consistent with recent reports of elevated ratios of BDE-208:BDE-209 and BDE-183:BDE-209 in household electronics from South China, percentage ratios of BDE-208:BDE-209 (0.64-2.9%) and of BDE-208:BDE-183 (2.8-933%) in dust samples exceeded substantially those present in commercial deca-BDE and octa-BDE formulations. This suggests direct migration of BDE-208 and other nonabrominated BDEs from e-waste to the environment. Under realistic high-end scenarios of occupational exposure to BDE-99, workers in the facilities were exposed above a recently-published Health Based Limit Value for this congener. Reassuringly, estimated exposures to BDE-209 were below the USEPA's reference dose for this congener.
Iranian Journal of Public Health, 2021
Background: Rapid Health Impact Assessment (Rapid HIA) for Special Economic Zone (SEZ) has not be... more Background: Rapid Health Impact Assessment (Rapid HIA) for Special Economic Zone (SEZ) has not been undertaken in Thailand. We aimed to develop a Rapid HIA model for policymaking by using Songkhla SEZ as a study model. Methods: Four-stage of the research and development based on HIA process were used: 1) drafting the model using literature reviews and focus group discussions, 2) collecting additional information from 24 stakeholders, and conducting an in-depth interview with six informants, 3) verifying the model by drawing agreements on the model from 17 related agencies and experts, and 4) confirming the validity of the final model using seven experts. The study were conducted from Jan 2018 to Feb 2019. Content analysis and constant comparison were used to analyze the data. Results: A four-step assessment model was obtained. They included public screening, scoping, assessing, and reviewing and influencing. Public screening is deduced from a meeting with organizations and related p...
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Apr 10, 2011
A new method was developed and optimized for the detection of major "novel" brominated flame reta... more A new method was developed and optimized for the detection of major "novel" brominated flame retardants (NBFRs), which included decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy) ethane (BTBPE), tetrabromobisphenol A-bis(2,3-dibromopropylether) (TBBPA-DBPE), 2-ethylhexyl-2,3,4,5-tetrabromobenzoate (TBB), bis (2-ethylhexyl)-3,4,5,6-tetrabromophthalate (TBPH) and hexachlorocyclopentadienyl-dibromocyclooctane (HCDBCO). Several solid phase sorbents were tested, and finally, a two-step cleanup procedure was established. The first step on activated silica was used to fractionate the dust extracts, while the second step on acidified silica (silica gel impregnated with sulphuric acid 44% w/w) and on Florisil®, respectively, was essential for advanced cleanup. High recoveries for NBFRs (range, 75-94%) were achieved. Analysis was performed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry in electron capture negative ionization using a DB-5ms (15 m× 0.25 mm×0.1 μm) capillary column. Quantification of DBDPE, BTBPE and TBBPA-DBPE was based on ion m/z 79, while characteristic ions were used for quantification of TBB (m/z 359), HCDBCO (m/z 310) and TBPH (m/z 384). The method provided good repeatability; within-and between-day precision were ≤14% for all NBFRs. Method limits of quantification ranged between 1 and 20 ng g −1 ; dust and NBFRs were not detected in blanks. The method was further applied to indoor dust (n=21) collected from e-waste facilities in Thailand. Except for HCDBCO, all NBFRs were detected in the e-waste dust with concentrations up to 44,000 and 22,600 ng g −1 DBDPE and BTBPE, respectively. The dust profile was dominated by DBDPE (50%)>BTBPE (45%)>TBBPA-DBPE (3%)>TBPH (1.9%)>TBB (0.1%). Significant correlations (p<0.05) were found between the concentrations of BTBPE and BDE 183 or BDE 197 on the one hand, between TBPH and BDE 47 or BDE 99, and between DBDPE and BDE 209, on the other hand. Concentrations of TBB were not positively correlated with TBPH, which suggests different emission sources.
PBDEs were detected in all air and dust samples. The PBDE congener profile in both outdoor and in... more PBDEs were detected in all air and dust samples. The PBDE congener profile in both outdoor and indoor air samples from Thai e-waste storage facilities and homes was dominated by BDE-47 and 99, whilst the predominant BFRs in all dust samples from Thai e-waste storage facilities were BDE-209, BDE-208, BDE-207, BDE-206, BDE-197, BDE-183, BDE-99, BDE-47 and DBDPE. Furthermore, BDEs 99 and 47 were the most abundant congeners in all dust samples from Thai houses and cars and UK homes. Under realistic high-end scenarios of occupational exposure to BDE-99 via dust ingestion, workers in Thai e-waste storage facilities were exposed above a recently-published Health Based Limit Value for this congener. For non-occupational exposure, under a high-end exposure scenario, the exposure to BDE-99 of such Thai children via dust ingestion is either very close to or in exceedance of the HBLV. PBDE levels in most of the areas monitored within the same rooms were not statistically significantly different...
Medico Legal Update
Background: Special Economic Zone (SEZ) policy of Thai government aimed to promote the economyin ... more Background: Special Economic Zone (SEZ) policy of Thai government aimed to promote the economyin bordered provinces. Its establishment may cause concerns and impacts on communities. This articleexplores those issues arising from SEZ establishment in Southern Thailand.Method: The scoping step of rapid health impact assessment process was applied using documentaryresearch combined with qualitative descriptive approaches, including focus group discussions, interviews,and brainstorming. Data were collected from seventy participants, comprising government officials, localgovernment officials, community leaders, public health volunteers, members of local organizations, andlocal residents. Content analysis was used to analyze the data.Conclusion: The most important issues were found in four aspects—economic, social, environmental, andhealth. The economic aspect involved higher income and more employment opportunities, while for theenvironmental aspect, the issues were related to waste management and water pollution. The social issuescomprised the build-up of traffic and the influx of migrant workers. The health issues were emerging/reemerging infectious diseases, particularly from migrant workers and the insufficiency of health services. Asa result, a rapid health impact assessment should be carried out based on these issues. It should be taken intoconsideration by local officials responsible for developing and regulating the SEZ.
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering
The present study determined the metal levels in surface sediment and in soft tissue of the Strom... more The present study determined the metal levels in surface sediment and in soft tissue of the Strombus canarium at Libong Island, Thailand, and estimated the possible risk from consuming the shellfish. The mean concentrations of the metals Fe, Cu, Co, Pb, Mn, and Ni in sediment were 2711.94 ± 1424.83, 0.47 ± 0.37, 0.11 ± 0.09, 1.32 ± 1.48, 40.41 ± 16.12, and 2.75 ± 4.04 µg/g, respectively, and are below the sediment quality guidelines. The enrichment factor (EF) and geoaccumulation index (Igeo) showed that the sediment conditions ranged from “no pollution” to “moderate contamination”. The mean concentrations in Strombus canarium had rank order Fe > Mn > Cu > Ni > Co > Pb. The bioaccumulation (BSAF) suggests that the Strombus canarium accumulated Cu and Co the most. The estimated daily intakes of these metals through shellfish consumption were below the oral reference dose (Rfd) and the calculated target hazard quotients (THQ) were less than 1. The results from this stud...
Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A
Where a licence is displayed above, please note the terms and conditions of the licence govern yo... more Where a licence is displayed above, please note the terms and conditions of the licence govern your use of this document. When citing, please reference the published version. Take down policy While the University of Birmingham exercises care and attention in making items available there are rare occasions when an item has been uploaded in error or has been deemed to be commercially or otherwise sensitive.
Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A
Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A
Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part a Toxic Hazardous Substances Environmental Engineering, Jan 30, 2009
In recent years, mercury (Hg) pollution generated by municipal waste incinerators (MWIs) has beco... more In recent years, mercury (Hg) pollution generated by municipal waste incinerators (MWIs) has become the subject of serious public concern. On Samui Island, Thailand, a large-scale municipal waste incinerator has been in operation for over 7 years with a capacity of 140 tons/day for meeting the growing demand for municipal waste disposal. This research assessed Hg contamination in environmental matrices adjacent to the waste incinerating plant. Total Hg concentrations were determined in municipal solid waste, soil and sediment within a distance of 100 m to 5 km from the incinerator operation in both wet and dry seasons. Hg analyses conducted in municipal solid waste showed low levels of Hg ranging between 0.15-0.56 mg/kg. The low level was due to the type of waste incinerator. Waste such as electrical appliances, motors and spare parts, rubber tires and hospital wastes are not allowed to feed into the plant. As a result, low Hg levels were also found in fly and bottom ashes (0.1-0.4 mg/kg and &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;or=0.03 mg/kg, respectively). Stack concentration of Hg were less than 0.4 microg/Nm(3). Since Hg emissions were at low concentrations, Hg in soil from atmospheric fallout near this incinerator including uptake by local weeds were very low ranging from non detectable to 399 micro g/kg. However, low but elevated levels of Hg (76-275 micro g/kg) were observed in surface soil and deeper layers (0-40 cm) in the predominant downwind direction of incinerator over a distance of between 0.5-5 km. Soil Hg concentrations measured from a reference/background track opposite of the prevailing wind direction were lower ranging between 7-46 micro g/kg. Nevertheless, the trend of Hg build up in soil was clearly seen in the wet season only, suggesting that wet deposition process is a major Hg pollution source. Hg concentrations in the sea bottom sediment collected next to the last station track was small with values between 35-67 micro g/kg. Based upon the overall findings, in terms of current potential environmental risk, the environment has not yet been appreciably contaminated from Hg emissions produced by this incinerator. However the increase of Hg measured in downwind direction of the incinerator should be monitored for future potential risk.
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Papers by Dudsadee Muenhor