Papers by Dr Madhuri Hedau
International journal of advanced biochemistry research, 2024
Veterinarski arhiv, Mar 21, 2024
The present investigation was carried out of a natural outbreak of spirochaetosis in 46 weeks old... more The present investigation was carried out of a natural outbreak of spirochaetosis in 46 weeks old layer birds. The most striking post-mortem lesion was an enlarged mottled spleen. Necrotic foci with thickening of the capillary walls in the spleen, severe fatty changes in the liver, and degenerative tubular epithelial cells with casts and lymphocytic infiltration in the kidney were evident histopathologically. PCR amplification of the extracted DNA from spleen tissue indicated 725 and 750 bp amplicon specific for the flagellin gene (flaB) of Borrelia anserina by respective primers. The strain causing the disease was phylogenetically closely related to the Iranian and Brazilian strains of B. anserina. This report describes the genetic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of B. anserina from a field outbreak of spirochaetosis in layer chickens from India.
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, Dec 10, 2020
Indian journal of poultry science, 2022
Tropical Animal Health and Production
Acta Scientific Veterinary Sciences, Dec 1, 2022
Salmonellosis is the major bacterial disease of poultry, causing heavy economic losses. Salmonell... more Salmonellosis is the major bacterial disease of poultry, causing heavy economic losses. Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhimurium, (S. Typhimurium) is one of the most common serovars responsible for human and animal salmonellosis around the world. The present study aimed to investigate in vitro-antimicrobial activity of five different essential oils (EOs) procured in pure form, against S. Typhimurium (N = 66) and its correlation with MICs of twelve different antibiotics (Abs) which are most commonly used in poultry flocks in India. The broth microdilution method determined the minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of EOs and Abs. Results of MICs (mg/ml) of EOs in ascending order were cinnamaldehyde EO (2.10 ± 0.11), carvacrol EO (2.35 ± 0.13), thymol EO (3.54 ± 0.20), eugenol EO (3.61 ± 0.28) and citral EO (4.08 ± 0.31). The correlation coefficients between MICs of these five EOs and twelve Abs revealed a 60% (36/60) negative correlation. Cinnamaldehyde EO had the lowest MICs and was found to be the most effective against avian S. Typhimurium. The more negative correlations with the MICs of antibiotics were reported for EOs of carvacrol (10/12 Abs) and thymol (09/12 Abs), indicating greater susceptibility of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella toward carvacrol and thymol. Because of the negative correlation between MICs of EOs and Abs, it is concluded that the studied essential oils, particularly cinnamaldehyde, carvacrol, and thymol can be used as effective alternatives to conventional antibiotics for treating non-typhoid infections caused by S. Typhimurium in poultry.
Indian Journal of Veterinary Pathology
Journal of Veterinary parasitology, 2016
The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the ameliorative effect of Andrographis pan... more The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the ameliorative effect of Andrographis paniculata during E. coli-induced pathology in broilers. Day-old broiler chicks (n = 100) were randomly divided into four equal groups. Group I served as a negative control and was fed with a commercial diet. On day 8, the birds from groups II and IV were challenged with a single oral dose of E. coli broth culture 0.2 mL (1×109 cfu/mL). Groups III and IV were fed with Andrographis paniculata 5 g/kg of feed from day old to the end of the experiment. The total duration of the experiment was 35 days. On the 7th, 21st and 28th day post infection (DPI) with E. coli, six birds from each group were randomly sacrificed and observed for gross and histopathogical observations. Group II birds showed ascites and thickened intestinal mucosa with cheesy material on the 28th and 35th DPI. Pathomorphological alterations, viz. congestion, hemorrhages, degenerations, necrosis, fibrinous exudates, edema, mono...
Ninety birds were divided into six groups randomly and equally. Group I was normal control, Group... more Ninety birds were divided into six groups randomly and equally. Group I was normal control, Group II was E. coli control, Group III and IV received curcumin prophylactically and therapeutically @ 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg feed, respectively. Group V received cephalexin and Group VI served as curcumin control. From the results of hemato-biochemical profile, significant (P< 0.05) alterations were observed in MCV, MCH, TEC and TLC in E. coli challenged groups compared to controls. Total serum protein levels of curcumin treated groups increased significantly (P< 0.05) compared to E. coli control group. The significant (P< 0.05) alterations in serum AST, ALT, ALP and uric acid levels were observed in E. coli control group. However, these alterations were found to be ameliorated by curcumin treated groups. The average of sodium and potassium values were found to be non-significant whereas serum chloride of E. coil challenged groups increased significantly (P< 0.05) when compared...
Indian Journal of Veterinary Pathology, 2017
An outbreak of pasteurellosis with 15% mortality was recorded in buffaloes in central India. The ... more An outbreak of pasteurellosis with 15% mortality was recorded in buffaloes in central India. The presence of Pasteurella multocida in samples collected from dead buffaloes was detected by smear examination and isolation, and later by P. multocida specific polymerase chain reaction (PM-PCR). P. multocida was detected in all the samples. All the isolates were positive by PM-PCR, capsular type B (CAPB) and toxigenic gene (toxA). Histopathologically, sections from lung revealed severe pneumonia and deposition of fibrin in cardiac muscles. The PCR assay used in this study has been shown to be useful diagnostic tool for P. multocida detection.
THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, 2017
Leiomyomas are common in the canine female reproductive tract and accounts for 2.4% of all canine... more Leiomyomas are common in the canine female reproductive tract and accounts for 2.4% of all canine neoplasms (Hulland, 1978). Primary vaginal tumors are rare. They are usually secondary to either cervical or vulval lesions. In the vagina, leiomyoma usually presents as a solid single nodule mostly, firm consistency, brown color. In bitches, the tumor appears at middle and old age. Preoperative diagnosis of leiomyoma is challenging. Therefore leiomyoma is often diagnosed during postoperative histologic evaluation. Despite this, there are very few reports of them, apart from occasional surgical or clinical articles. The aim of this paper is to report a case of cervico-vaginal multiple leiomyoma in Labrador bitch.
THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, 2016
The effect of dietary lead exposure on immunomodulation of broilers and possible ameliorative eff... more The effect of dietary lead exposure on immunomodulation of broilers and possible ameliorative effect of Andrographis paniculata were studied. One hundred broiler chicks were randomly divided into five equal groups of 20 each. Group T0 served as control while group T1, T2, T3 and T4 birds were provided commercial diet with lead acetate at the dose of 300 ppm in feed. Powder of dry leaves of Andrographis paniculata was mixed in the feed of group T2, T3 and T4 chicks at the dose of 2 gm, 3 gm and 4 gm/kg of feed respectively and fed for 4 weeks. Significant decrease in HI titres in T1 group and significant increase in T4 group suggested increased haemagglutination titre (HI) response. The maximum skin thickness and diameter on 24th and 48th hours was observed in control group birds (T0) and was comparable with T4 group. Microscopically spleen, thymus and bursa of fabricius revealed increase in lymphoid population in birds fed lead acetate along with Andrographis paniculata compared to ...
Journal of entomology and zoology studies, 2017
Day old broiler chicks (n=60) were divided into four groups comprising 15 birds in each. Group I ... more Day old broiler chicks (n=60) were divided into four groups comprising 15 birds in each. Group I served as control, group II was treated with chlorpyrifos @ 50 ppm in feed, group III was treated with cow urine distillate @ 10 ml/litre of drinking water, group IV was treated with chlorpyrifos @ 50 ppm and cow urine distillate @ 10 ml/litre of drinking water for a period of 28 days. Few birds from group II exhibited closed eyes and diarrhoea. Significant decrease was noted in body weight gain of group II whereas improved body weight gain was noted in group IV. Differences of TEC, MCV and MCH were found to be significant between different treatment group birds. The significant decrease in TLC values was recorded in groups II however; progressive increase was recorded in group IV. The significant decrease in lymphocyte count and increase in heterophil count was observed in group II. Co-administration of cow urine distillate against chlorpyrifos restored these changes in group IV. This s...
Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 2017
One hundred, day old broiler chicks were randomly divided into four equal groups. From day 0 bird... more One hundred, day old broiler chicks were randomly divided into four equal groups. From day 0 birds from groups III and IV fed with Andrographis paniculata @ 5 gm/kg of feed. However, on day 8, each bird from group II and IV were challenged with single oral dose of E. coli broth culture @ 0.2 ml (1X 109 cfu/mL). Hematological, biochemical and histopathological parameters were recorded on 14th, 28th and 35th day of experiment. The significantly lower Hb, PCV and TEC were observed in group II on 14th, 28th and 35th day while significant increase was observed in group IV. Differences of MCV and MCH differed significantly on 14th day. The average mean TLC on 14th, 28th and 35th days of experiment were found to be significantly increased in group II. Significantly increased absolute heterophil count and significantly decreased absolute lymphocyte count was observed in group II while group IV showed significant decrease in absolute heterophil count and increase in absolute lymphocyte count...
The Indian Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Biotechnology, 2016
Indian Journal of Veterinary Pathology, 2008
An experiment was conducted to study diclofenac toxicity in poultry. Toxicity was induced by sing... more An experiment was conducted to study diclofenac toxicity in poultry. Toxicity was induced by single oral administration of diclofenac to groups B, C and D @ 1, 2 and 4 mg/kg body weight, respectively, and group A served as a control. Hematological and biochemical parameters revealed decrease in Hb, PCV, TEC along with leucocytosis and absolute heterophillia and elevated levels of serum uric acid, creatinine, AST and ALT values in all the treated groups indicating nephrotoxic and hepatotoxic effects of diclofenac in poultry.
The Indian Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Biotechnology, 2018
Sarcocystosis is a parasitic zoonoses caused by species of Sarcocystis, an intracellular protozoa... more Sarcocystosis is a parasitic zoonoses caused by species of Sarcocystis, an intracellular protozoan parasite in the phylum Apicomplexa. In cattle Sarcocystis is mainly caused by Sarcocystis cruzi, Sarcocystis hominis and Sarcocystis hirsute. Bovine sarcocystosis caused by Sarcocystis cruzi mainly by ingesting the protozoan eggs through feed. The infection is mainly characterized by cyst formation in muscular tissue. Heart, diaphragm and skeletal muscles are the preferred locations for Sarcocystis spp in intermediate host and are more prevalent in adult animals (Rao and Hafeez, 2002). Bovine Sarcocystis results in weight loss, anorexia, decreased milk production, anemia, and prostration and in fatal cases often culminating in death of animals (Dafedar et al., 2011). The significance of bovine Sarcocystis infection prompted us to put the present case on record.
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Papers by Dr Madhuri Hedau