Papers by Dr.Bharat Raj Subba
Nepalese Journal of Biosciences, Dec 1, 2014
Schizothorax richardsonii, commonly called as spotted snow trout, is a coldwater hillstream fish.... more Schizothorax richardsonii, commonly called as spotted snow trout, is a coldwater hillstream fish. It is a delicious fish and is important from sportive and commercial point of view. The hillstream modifications comprise presence of irregular folds of skin acting as papillated suckers on the ventral side of the head, closely situated smaller eyes, small gill openings, reduced air bladder and short-stumpy barbells. Body is spotted, slender and subcylindrical. It is a phytophagous fish with an adaptation in its mouth to scrap algae from the submerged rocks. Spotted snow trout can spawn naturally as well as artificially by stripping. Sexual dimorphism is vivid during breeding season. It starts spawning after second year. Spawning takes place twice in a year-October/November and March/April. Eggs are of sticky nature. Relative and absolute fecundities have been found about 12,000 and 30,000 eggs/kg respectively. Optimum temperature for incubation is 15-20°C and it takes about 11-18 days for hatching. S. richardsonii has low to moderate vulnerability in Nepal. The population of the fish is decreasing rapidly due to heavy fishing pressure, natural calamity and human disturbances.
LENGTH-WEIGHT RELATIONSIDP OF A HILL-STREAM FISH, GL YPTOTHORAX TELCHITTA (HAM.) FROM SAPTAKOSHI ... more LENGTH-WEIGHT RELATIONSIDP OF A HILL-STREAM FISH, GL YPTOTHORAX TELCHITTA (HAM.) FROM SAPTAKOSHI RIVER OF NEPAL BHARAT RAJ SUBBA & TAP AN KUMAR GHOSH* The length-weight relationship of a hill-stream fish, Glyptothorax telchitta from Saptakoshi river of Nepal was analysed using the formula W=aLh. The exponential values computed for total length and standard length in relation to body weight were 2.991 and 2.888 respectively.
Nepalese Journal of Biosciences
The diffusing capacity of the gills of Glyptothorax telchitta was determined in relation to body ... more The diffusing capacity of the gills of Glyptothorax telchitta was determined in relation to body weight by calculating harmonic mean of the thickness of water blood diffusion barrier from different regions of the secondary lamellae. The harmonic mean was 1.7202 μm, whereas the arithmetic mean was found to be 2.607 μm, which was more than the harmonic mean. The thickness of the water blood pathway varied from 0.77 to 7.70 μm. The diffusing capacity Dt (ml O2 min-1 mmHg-1) has been found to increase with increasing body weight by a power of 0.7008. As the slope of the diffusing capacity is less than 1.0, the weight specific diffusing capacity Dt1 (ml O2 min-1 mmHg-1 Kg-1) decreases with increasing body weight by a power of -0.2996.
Nepalese Journal of Biosciences, 2014
Schizothorax richardsonii, commonly called as spotted snow trout, is a coldwater hillstream fish.... more Schizothorax richardsonii, commonly called as spotted snow trout, is a coldwater hillstream fish. It is a delicious fish and is important from sportive and commercial point of view. The hillstream modifications comprise presence of irregular folds of skin acting as papillated suckers on the ventral side of the head, closely situated smaller eyes, small gill openings, reduced air bladder and short-stumpy barbells. Body is spotted, slender and sub-cylindrical. It is a phytophagous fish with an adaptation in its mouth to scrap algae from the submerged rocks. Spotted snow trout can spawn naturally as well as artificially by stripping. Sexual dimorphism is vivid during breeding season. It starts spawning after second year. Spawning takes place twice in a year- October/November and March/April. Eggs are of sticky nature. Relative and absolute fecundities have been found about 12,000 and 30,000 eggs/kg respectively. Optimum temperature for incubation is 15-20°C and it takes about 11-18 day...
International Journal of Zoology
In 2016, Amblyceps waikhomi from the Brahmaputra drainage of Arunachal Pradesh, India, was descri... more In 2016, Amblyceps waikhomi from the Brahmaputra drainage of Arunachal Pradesh, India, was described. Based on morphometric and meristic characteristics, we report the first-ever sighting of A. waikhomi from the Singhiya River in Morang district. A deeper body depth at the anus sets the A. waikhomi apart from its congeners. The river systems of Nepal are home to two Amblycipitidae species, including this one.
Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Biology and Fisheries
Fishes being cold-blooded animals are very sensitive to changes in environmental parameters (Majh... more Fishes being cold-blooded animals are very sensitive to changes in environmental parameters (Majhi et al., 2013). Physico-chemical properties of water play a significant role in distribution, composition, abundance, and diversity of wide range of aquatic life especially on fishes (Olenrewaju et al., 2017; Priya et al., 2016). Temperature affects the metabolic activities, growth, and reproduction of aquatic organisms (RAMP, 2017). Abrupt changes of water temperature in fresh water ecosystem by which fishes can suffer from harsh physiological stress and ultimately affecting the reproductive performance of ARTICLE INFO
Nepalese Journal of Biosciences, 2013
Histopathological effects on the gills of a few fish species of polluted Singhiya river, Biratnag... more Histopathological effects on the gills of a few fish species of polluted Singhiya river, Biratnagar sub-metropolis was made. The gills sections of Oxygaster bacaila, Neomacheilus botia,, Glossogobius giuris, Puntius sophore, Barillius barana, Channa gachua and Silorhynchus sucatio were found much deformed. Lesions, abnormal growth of taste buds and inter-lamellar space, fusion at the tips of primary as well as secondary lamellae, shifting of epithelial layer, deformation of gill head and that of outer margin, tilted secondary lamellae were found common. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njbs.v2i0.7498 Nepalese Journal of Biosciences 2 : 113-117 (2012)
Nepalese Journal of Biosciences, 2013
Biratnagar sub-metropolis is a good habitat for several bird species but in the past three decade... more Biratnagar sub-metropolis is a good habitat for several bird species but in the past three decades drastic changes have taken place in the environment of this place because of anthropogenic activities. Several commonly visible birds’ species do not turn out at present. Habitats of birds have shrunk here in such a way that very limited species of birds have become successful to show representatives in this situation. Considering gradual loss of habitats and their inhabitants, an attempt was made to study the present bird status. In the observation of seven months, seventy two species of birds belonging to thirty two families were recorded. The birds recorded, were residents (72.17%), winter visitors (23.59%) and summer visitors (4.16%). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njbs.v1i0.7468 Nepalese Journal of Biosciences 1: 37-40 (2011)
Nepalese Journal of Biosciences, 2013
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njbs.v2i0.7506 Nepalese Journal of Biosciences 2 : 158-159 (2012)
Nepalese Journal of Biosciences, 2013
The questionnaires and interviews were taken randomly with ethnic people, the molluscs consumers ... more The questionnaires and interviews were taken randomly with ethnic people, the molluscs consumers of different districts of Tarai regions. Regarding other information about the impact of climate change in the context of Nepal, literature survey was done. Edible molluscs are cheap non-conventional source of protein for huge population of poor ethnic peoples (53 castes living in twenty districts of Tarai in Nepal), from time immemorial. Up to, nearly four and half decades back, there were virgin forests in Tarai region, water sources were in better condition but because of rapid population explosion, encroachment of wetlands and deforestation the water sources began to dry up early in the year. Gradual increase in atmospheric temperature due to imbalanced amount of CO2 and precipitation, is worsening the environment. The climate change is not only destroying the suitable aquatic environment of the molluscs habitats but their foods of plant and animal origins as well. Several changes in...
Our Nature, 2009
The collection comprised nine of molluscs belonging to six families viz. Viviparidae, Pilidae, Pl... more The collection comprised nine of molluscs belonging to six families viz. Viviparidae, Pilidae, Planorbidae, Thiaridae, Amblemidae and Corbilidae. Out of six families, two families viz. Thiaridae and Amblemidae are represented by two species.Keywords: Mollusc, Mudbalwa VDC, Nepaldoi: 10.3126/on.v6i1.1660Our Nature (2008)6:82-83
Our Nature, 2009
Abnormalities in Bagarius bagarius (Ham.) collected from the Biratnagar fish market was studied w... more Abnormalities in Bagarius bagarius (Ham.) collected from the Biratnagar fish market was studied with the help of x-ray photographs, morphological and anatomical examinations. Vertebral column behind pelvic fin region has three serpentine shaped curvatures. Tubercles irregularly arranged along the lateral lines of both sides. In the deformed vertebrae inter-vertebral space is comparatively wide. Developmental error was found responsible for deformities in the present fish specimen.Keywords: Abnormality, Bagarius bagarius, vertebral columndoi: 10.3126/on.v6i1.1651Our Nature (2008)6:26-29
Our Nature, 2006
The paper deals with ten freshwater and one terrestrial mollusc collected from Ghodaghodi Tal are... more The paper deals with ten freshwater and one terrestrial mollusc collected from Ghodaghodi Tal area. Among ten freshwater molluscs, nine species belong to six families viz. Planorbidae, Viviparidae, Pilidae, Lymnaedae and Thiaridae of class Gastropoda and one species is of family Amblemidae of the class Bivalvia. The single species of terrestrial mollusc belongs to family Ariophantidae of the class Gastropoda. Keywords: Molluscan diversity, Ghodaghodi Tal, Wetlanddoi:10.3126/on.v1i1.294Our Nature (2003) 1: 1-2
Our Nature, 2006
Length and weight of fish were taken in fresh condition separately for male, female and juvenile ... more Length and weight of fish were taken in fresh condition separately for male, female and juvenile of ‘Pathri Khola’, Morang and then converted into logarithmic values. The correlation coefficient of different samples showed very high degree of correlationship varying from 0.9153, 0.8591 and 0.8290 for female, male and juvenile respectively. The comparison of the samples of male, female and juvenile did not show any significant differences. Keywords: Lepidocephalichthys guntea, Morang, Length-Weight relationshipdoi:10.3126/on.v1i1.306Our Nature (2003) 1: 53-57
Our Nature, 2013
The present study compared the effectiveness of the Carp pituitary gland extract (PGE) and the sy... more The present study compared the effectiveness of the Carp pituitary gland extract (PGE) and the synthetic hormone Ovaprim on spawning success of the stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis during induced breeding. The PGE hormone was administered at 6 mg/kg of body weight for females and 2 mg/kg of body weight for males. In contrast, Ovaprim was administered at 0.3 ml/kg body weight and 0.1 ml/kg of body weight for females and males, respectively. The spawning success was higher in the Ovaprim-induced individuals with better performance recorded at all stages of spawning including latency period, ovulation, fertilization, hatching and incubation period compared to the PGE-induced individuals. In the Ovaprim induced individuals, the latency period occurred within 10 hours while in PG-induced individuals, the latency was after 15 hours. Similarly, ovulation rate was 90% for Ovaprim injected fish but lower 78.7% for PGE injected fish. Higher rate of fertilization was observed in the e...
Our Nature, 2006
In Esomus dandricus (Ham.), 4 pairs of gills are present with secondary lamellae having a thin la... more In Esomus dandricus (Ham.), 4 pairs of gills are present with secondary lamellae having a thin lamellar epithelium. The space, which is present in between the proximal margin of gill filaments and branchial septum, forms the so-called water channels to distribute water along the length of the gill filaments. Number of mucous glands and taste buds are present on the gill- rakers and gill head region. The gill filaments of the two-hemi branches are long and alternately arranged to each other, unequal in length and are separated by a comparatively long interbranchial septum (covering about 42% of the total length of the filaments). Tertiary lamellae are absent. Keywords: Fish, Esomus dandricus, Respiratory organsdoi:10.3126/on.v1i1.305Our Nature (2003) 1: 49-52
Our Nature, 2014
This study describes the diets and feeding habits of Cyprinus carpio in integrated rice-fish farm... more This study describes the diets and feeding habits of Cyprinus carpio in integrated rice-fish farming system in the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Central Bangladesh during May 1999 to August 1999. Percentage of frequency of occurrence and percentage in number methods were applied for the qualitative and quantitative estimation of plankton. The water quality parameters recorded during the study were within the suitable range for optimal fish growth and plankton populations were also abundant in the water of the rice plots. The phytoplankton population recorded from the gut contents of C. carpio was under 4 groups (viz., Chlorophyceae, Euglenophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Bacillariophyceae) and the zooplankton under 3 groups (viz., Rotifera, Cladocera, Copepoda). Bacillariophyceae and Chlorophyceae were the dominant phytoplankton group while Rotifera was the dominant zooplankton group in the gut contents of C. carpio. This study also revealed tha...
Our Nature, 2010
This paper deals with the diatoms from Upper Mustang Trans-Himalaya Region, Nepal.Key words: Alga... more This paper deals with the diatoms from Upper Mustang Trans-Himalaya Region, Nepal.Key words: Algae, Diatoms, Upper Mustang Trans-Himalaya, NepalDOI: 10.3126/on.v7i1.2583Our Nature (2009) 7:243-247
BIBECHANA, 2012
The histomorphology and gonadial cycle of a freshwater garfish Xenentoton cancila revealed that t... more The histomorphology and gonadial cycle of a freshwater garfish Xenentoton cancila revealed that the ovaries of the fish pass through resting, early maturing advanced maturing, pre-spawning, spawning and spent phases within one year. The oogenetic activity starts in November and continues upto June(GSI=10.19)-July(GSI=11.38), when ovaries are full of yolky eggs. Only young oogonia and oocytes l appeared in September to October. The oocytes of l,ll,lll,lV and V stages were present during November to February. The oocytes Vl and Vll were seen dominated by ripe oocytes during June to late July when spawning takes place. Asychronism mode of oocyte development was recorded in X.cancila. Keywords: Xenentodon cancila; oocyte development; reproductive cycle; spawningDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/bibechana.v8i0.5694 BIBECHANA 8 (2012) 96-104
Uploads
Papers by Dr.Bharat Raj Subba