Determination of genetic diversity in onion (Allium cepa L.) by multivariate analysis under long ... more Determination of genetic diversity in onion (Allium cepa L.) by multivariate analysis under long day conditions
A study was carried out in mungbean Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) with eight ‘lines’ and four ‘test... more A study was carried out in mungbean Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) with eight ‘lines’ and four ‘testers’ crossed in a Line x Tester Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance were estimated for marketable and its component yield traits in 48 lines of carrot (Daucus carota var. sativa L.). The study showed high ranges for total yield (3.15–7.56 kg/plot), marketable yield (2.60–6.85 kg/plot), root length (19.57 cm - 24.92 cm) and root weight (101.33 g -182.00g). The highest estimates of PCV and GCV were for marketable yield (PCV = 39.91, GCV = 37.21) followed by total yield (PCV = 34.35, GCV = 33.06) and root weight (PCV = 23.19, GCV = 21.72) and low for juice yield (PCV = 4.20, GCV = 3.93) followed by dry matter (PCV = 6.61, GCV = 5.25) and root girth (PCV = 9.40. GCV = 1.09). Narrow differences between PCV and GCV, gave evidence to the lines that the variability existing in them was mainly due to their genetic makeup. High heritability was noticed for plant weight (96.30%) f...
Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 2020
Almond is a self–incompatible plant and incompatibility are of the gametophytic type requiring po... more Almond is a self–incompatible plant and incompatibility are of the gametophytic type requiring pollen transfer between trees of different cultivars for fruit set. The present investigation was carried out for two consecutive years to evaluate cross-compatibility among selected varieties (three exotic) and selections (six indigenous) of a given segment of almond germplasm. Effective bloom period in the genotypes ranged between 8th March to 18th March and 7th March to 19th March in Mukhdoom, Shalimar, KD-03, KD-05, KD-06 and 23rd March to 31st March and 24th March to 2nd April in Pranyaj, Merced, Primorskij and Waris. Fruit set varied with each cross combination, initial fruit-set ranged from 5.55 per cent in Shalimar x KD-03 to 77.77 per cent in Waris x Shalimar in the first year and varied from 11.11 per cent in Merced x Shalimar to 85.71 per cent in Waris x KD-06 in second year. The highest final fruit set of 58.00 per cent was obtained in Merced x KD-05 as compared to lowest fruit...
Various technological interventions which can reduce the harmful effect of climate change on vege... more Various technological interventions which can reduce the harmful effect of climate change on vegetable production include improved agronomic practices, nutrient management tillage/residue management, water management, improved stress tolerance through grafting, developing climate resilient vegetables, climate profiling through genomics and biotechnology, engineering stress tolerance etc. are to be taken into consideration for meeting challenges put forth by the global climatic change to boost vegetable production.
India is the second largest producer of vegetable crops in the world. However, its vegetable prod... more India is the second largest producer of vegetable crops in the world. However, its vegetable production is much less than the requirement if balanced diet is provided to every individual. There are different ways and means to achieve this target, e.g., bringing additional area under vegetable crops using hybrid seeds, use of improved agro-techniques. Another potential approach is perfection and promotion of protected cultivation of vegetables. In hilly areas parts of the country especially in Northern plains the soils are highly fertile but extremes of temperature ranging from 0 - 48 O C during the year do not allow year round outdoor vegetable cultivation. Similarly, in several parts of the country biotic stresses mainly during rainy & post rainy season do not allow successful production of vegetables like tomato, chilli, okra, cauliflower etc in the fields. In upper reaches of Himalayas, cool desert conditions period where the temperature is extremely low (-5to -30 0 C) during win...
Nature of gene action for ten important characters of tomato viz., days to first fruit set, days ... more Nature of gene action for ten important characters of tomato viz., days to first fruit set, days to first picking, plant height (cm), number of primary branches per plant, fruit size (cm2), flesh thickness (mm), number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight (g), fruit yield per plant (kg) and number of locules were determined by analyzing 10x 10 diallel population. The nature of gene action determined from two biometrical methods matched well and it appeared that the characters were under the control of both fixable and non-fixable gene effects, with the non-fixable gene effects with gene interactions being more important. Diallel analysis revealed low to moderate narrow sense heritability estimates suggested nonadditive gene action. Non-significant value of t2 along with non-significant deviation of regression coefficient from unity in all environment as well as in pooled data revealed the absence of epistasis in all traits.
Heterosis was estimated over better parent, respectively among 45 F1 hybrids for yield and relate... more Heterosis was estimated over better parent, respectively among 45 F1 hybrids for yield and related traits. The most desirable cross combination viz., KS-227 x Roma for fruit yield plant-1 also showed desirable better parent heterosis for days to first picking and fruit size. The cross combinations Local x Marglobe (number of primary branches plant-1), DVRT-1 x S-II (average fruit weight), Arka Vikas x KS-227 (plant height), Marglobe x Roma (flesh thickness), KS-227 x Roma (number of fruits plant-1), VLT-32 x Roma (total soluble solids) and VLT-32 x Shalimar-I (Vitamin C) showed highest better parent heterosis. These cross combinations also revealed high per se performance.
Pea (Pisum sativum green pea and is a commonly grown leguminous vegetable in the world. Pea is hi... more Pea (Pisum sativum green pea and is a commonly grown leguminous vegetable in the world. Pea is highly self – pollinated due to cleistogamous flower structure and has less than one percent out throughout the world. It is also one of the most popular vegetables grown for home use by home gardeners. The main emphasis in pea improvement has been on early maturity, yield, quality, and resistance to disease Three single recessive genes, cry, la and le influence internode length and plant height. Each gene governs these characters along with other two genes. Similarly branching is controlled by two single recessive genes, fr and fru in presence of each other. A single recessive gene, ram is responsible for increasing the number of branches. The characters of leaves, leaflets, stipules and tendrils are governed by single recessive genes. Single dominant genes confer resistance to several dis Fusarium oxysporum f. pisi race 2 (fnw), Fusarium wilt, f. pisi race 1 (fw), Brown root of peas, Fus...
Genetic divergence of germplasm was studied for 35 brinjal genotypes. The first principal compone... more Genetic divergence of germplasm was studied for 35 brinjal genotypes. The first principal component largely accounted for the variation among the brinjal genotypes (29.90%) followed by second principal component (20.35%) and third (20.08%). The first three principal components accounted (70.33%) of the total variation among eight characters describing 35 genotypes, while the first two accounted (50.25%). The traits which contributed more positively to PC1 were fruit weight, fruit width and yield per plant, while remaining traits in this PC1 did not contributed rather their effects were distributed among other PCs. The genotypes in the PC1 were more likely to be associated with higher fruit weight, fruit width and fruit yield whereas the genotypes with higher plant height, plant spread and number of primary branches were contributing to PC2. Based on the cluster means the important cluster was Cluster I for fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width and yield per plant. Cluster II for p...
Forty eight diverse genotypes of Asiatic and European carrots were evaluated for 17 quantitative ... more Forty eight diverse genotypes of Asiatic and European carrots were evaluated for 17 quantitative and qualitative traits of horticultural importance. The analysis of variance was highly significant for all the traits indicating the presence of wide variability in the genotypes. High heritability estimates were recorded for plant weight, root weight, total yield, marketable yield and juice content. High estimates of genetic advance were recorded for total yield and marketable yield. The high heritability, associated with high genetic advance as percentage of mean for total yield, marketable yield, plant weight, root weight and beta carotene content, were the most reliable selection parameters. PC-50, PC-5, PC-81, IPC-122 and CT-2 were superior genotypes for yield and its components, and these can be used in further breeding programmes.
Pollination is very important to obtain an economic yield, and the selection of pollinizer with s... more Pollination is very important to obtain an economic yield, and the selection of pollinizer with suitable quality and quantity of pollen is an essential practice in different fruit plants. The effects of pollen parent on kernel and nut characters are known to occur in several nut crops and to determine the best pollinizer and effect of pollen source on the nut and kernel quality of almond (Prunus amygdalus L.). The present investigation was carried out at the experiment farm of Dryland Agriculture Research Station (DARS), SKUAST-Kashmir for two consecutive years, i.e. 2008 and 2009. Various cross combinations were made among nine almond (three exotic and six indigenous) varieties/selections which are compatible with each other. Their nut and kernel characteristics were determined and observed maximum nut weight (2.21 g), nut length (39.78 mm) and nut breadth (20.33 mm), kernel weight (1.28 g), kernel length (28.63 mm) and kernel breadth (12.61 mm) and shelling percentage (57.99 %). I...
The nature of inheritance of days to first fruit set, days to first picking, plant height, number... more The nature of inheritance of days to first fruit set, days to first picking, plant height, number of primary branches per plant, fruit size, flesh thickness, number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight, fruit yield per plant and number of locules was studied from a 10 parent diallel cross of Solanum lycopersicum L. None of the parents exhibited desirable gca effects for all the traits in individual as well as in pooled over environments. However, overall ranking of genotypes revealed that the parents Arka Vikas, KS-227, Roma, DVRT-I and DARL-63 exhibited significant desirable gca effects for most of the traits.
Field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of incorporating fly ash and spent mushroom... more Field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of incorporating fly ash and spent mushroom composts of varied C:N ratio with and without fertilizer nitrogen on yield, trace metal content, nitrogen uptake, metal fractions and soil properties. Fertilizer nitrogen, fly ash and white button spent mushroom compost of narrow C:N ratio increased whereas oyster spent mushroom compost of wider C:N ratio decreased the paddy and straw yield.
Character association and path analysis in twenty genotypically diverse indigenous genotypes of g... more Character association and path analysis in twenty genotypically diverse indigenous genotypes of garlic (Allium sativum L.) were studied at the Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture, Srinagar during the years 2010 and 2011 for nine important characters. Total bulb yield showed positive and significant genotypic and phenotypic associations with plant height, number of leaves per plant, pseudo-stem length, bulb weight and number of cloves per bulb, indicating that selection based on these traits will help increasing the yield of garlic. Path coefficient analysis provides an effective means of a critical examination of specific force action to produce a given correlation and measure the relative importance of each factor. In this analysis bulb yield was taken as dependant variable and rest characters were considered as independent variable. Bulb weight showed high positive and direct effect and significant positive correlation with total bulb yield. Therefore, bulb with higher wei...
Genetic variability is the pre-requisite for genetic improvement of a crop. Thirteen morphologica... more Genetic variability is the pre-requisite for genetic improvement of a crop. Thirteen morphological markers, four biochemical markers and twenty RAPD primers were employed to estimate genetic diversity and to characterize 48 carrot genotypes possessing special ...
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2021
Almond is one of the major and oldest treenut crops known to the mankind with widespread populari... more Almond is one of the major and oldest treenut crops known to the mankind with widespread popularity throughout the world and is mainly grown under rainfed conditions in India with very low productivity (Sharma and Joolka, 2000). Almond is the earliest deciduous fruit and nut tree to bloom in spring, due to its relatively low winter chilling requirement and quick response to warm growing temperatures in the spring (Sutyemez, 2011). The early blooming nature of almond limits its production in many areas and years because of damage from spring frost. Its kernels are delicious and are a concentrated source of energy due to its high oil content. The commercial cultivation of International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 10 Number 01 (2021) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com
Determination of genetic diversity in onion (Allium cepa L.) by multivariate analysis under long ... more Determination of genetic diversity in onion (Allium cepa L.) by multivariate analysis under long day conditions
A study was carried out in mungbean Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) with eight ‘lines’ and four ‘test... more A study was carried out in mungbean Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) with eight ‘lines’ and four ‘testers’ crossed in a Line x Tester Genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance were estimated for marketable and its component yield traits in 48 lines of carrot (Daucus carota var. sativa L.). The study showed high ranges for total yield (3.15–7.56 kg/plot), marketable yield (2.60–6.85 kg/plot), root length (19.57 cm - 24.92 cm) and root weight (101.33 g -182.00g). The highest estimates of PCV and GCV were for marketable yield (PCV = 39.91, GCV = 37.21) followed by total yield (PCV = 34.35, GCV = 33.06) and root weight (PCV = 23.19, GCV = 21.72) and low for juice yield (PCV = 4.20, GCV = 3.93) followed by dry matter (PCV = 6.61, GCV = 5.25) and root girth (PCV = 9.40. GCV = 1.09). Narrow differences between PCV and GCV, gave evidence to the lines that the variability existing in them was mainly due to their genetic makeup. High heritability was noticed for plant weight (96.30%) f...
Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 2020
Almond is a self–incompatible plant and incompatibility are of the gametophytic type requiring po... more Almond is a self–incompatible plant and incompatibility are of the gametophytic type requiring pollen transfer between trees of different cultivars for fruit set. The present investigation was carried out for two consecutive years to evaluate cross-compatibility among selected varieties (three exotic) and selections (six indigenous) of a given segment of almond germplasm. Effective bloom period in the genotypes ranged between 8th March to 18th March and 7th March to 19th March in Mukhdoom, Shalimar, KD-03, KD-05, KD-06 and 23rd March to 31st March and 24th March to 2nd April in Pranyaj, Merced, Primorskij and Waris. Fruit set varied with each cross combination, initial fruit-set ranged from 5.55 per cent in Shalimar x KD-03 to 77.77 per cent in Waris x Shalimar in the first year and varied from 11.11 per cent in Merced x Shalimar to 85.71 per cent in Waris x KD-06 in second year. The highest final fruit set of 58.00 per cent was obtained in Merced x KD-05 as compared to lowest fruit...
Various technological interventions which can reduce the harmful effect of climate change on vege... more Various technological interventions which can reduce the harmful effect of climate change on vegetable production include improved agronomic practices, nutrient management tillage/residue management, water management, improved stress tolerance through grafting, developing climate resilient vegetables, climate profiling through genomics and biotechnology, engineering stress tolerance etc. are to be taken into consideration for meeting challenges put forth by the global climatic change to boost vegetable production.
India is the second largest producer of vegetable crops in the world. However, its vegetable prod... more India is the second largest producer of vegetable crops in the world. However, its vegetable production is much less than the requirement if balanced diet is provided to every individual. There are different ways and means to achieve this target, e.g., bringing additional area under vegetable crops using hybrid seeds, use of improved agro-techniques. Another potential approach is perfection and promotion of protected cultivation of vegetables. In hilly areas parts of the country especially in Northern plains the soils are highly fertile but extremes of temperature ranging from 0 - 48 O C during the year do not allow year round outdoor vegetable cultivation. Similarly, in several parts of the country biotic stresses mainly during rainy & post rainy season do not allow successful production of vegetables like tomato, chilli, okra, cauliflower etc in the fields. In upper reaches of Himalayas, cool desert conditions period where the temperature is extremely low (-5to -30 0 C) during win...
Nature of gene action for ten important characters of tomato viz., days to first fruit set, days ... more Nature of gene action for ten important characters of tomato viz., days to first fruit set, days to first picking, plant height (cm), number of primary branches per plant, fruit size (cm2), flesh thickness (mm), number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight (g), fruit yield per plant (kg) and number of locules were determined by analyzing 10x 10 diallel population. The nature of gene action determined from two biometrical methods matched well and it appeared that the characters were under the control of both fixable and non-fixable gene effects, with the non-fixable gene effects with gene interactions being more important. Diallel analysis revealed low to moderate narrow sense heritability estimates suggested nonadditive gene action. Non-significant value of t2 along with non-significant deviation of regression coefficient from unity in all environment as well as in pooled data revealed the absence of epistasis in all traits.
Heterosis was estimated over better parent, respectively among 45 F1 hybrids for yield and relate... more Heterosis was estimated over better parent, respectively among 45 F1 hybrids for yield and related traits. The most desirable cross combination viz., KS-227 x Roma for fruit yield plant-1 also showed desirable better parent heterosis for days to first picking and fruit size. The cross combinations Local x Marglobe (number of primary branches plant-1), DVRT-1 x S-II (average fruit weight), Arka Vikas x KS-227 (plant height), Marglobe x Roma (flesh thickness), KS-227 x Roma (number of fruits plant-1), VLT-32 x Roma (total soluble solids) and VLT-32 x Shalimar-I (Vitamin C) showed highest better parent heterosis. These cross combinations also revealed high per se performance.
Pea (Pisum sativum green pea and is a commonly grown leguminous vegetable in the world. Pea is hi... more Pea (Pisum sativum green pea and is a commonly grown leguminous vegetable in the world. Pea is highly self – pollinated due to cleistogamous flower structure and has less than one percent out throughout the world. It is also one of the most popular vegetables grown for home use by home gardeners. The main emphasis in pea improvement has been on early maturity, yield, quality, and resistance to disease Three single recessive genes, cry, la and le influence internode length and plant height. Each gene governs these characters along with other two genes. Similarly branching is controlled by two single recessive genes, fr and fru in presence of each other. A single recessive gene, ram is responsible for increasing the number of branches. The characters of leaves, leaflets, stipules and tendrils are governed by single recessive genes. Single dominant genes confer resistance to several dis Fusarium oxysporum f. pisi race 2 (fnw), Fusarium wilt, f. pisi race 1 (fw), Brown root of peas, Fus...
Genetic divergence of germplasm was studied for 35 brinjal genotypes. The first principal compone... more Genetic divergence of germplasm was studied for 35 brinjal genotypes. The first principal component largely accounted for the variation among the brinjal genotypes (29.90%) followed by second principal component (20.35%) and third (20.08%). The first three principal components accounted (70.33%) of the total variation among eight characters describing 35 genotypes, while the first two accounted (50.25%). The traits which contributed more positively to PC1 were fruit weight, fruit width and yield per plant, while remaining traits in this PC1 did not contributed rather their effects were distributed among other PCs. The genotypes in the PC1 were more likely to be associated with higher fruit weight, fruit width and fruit yield whereas the genotypes with higher plant height, plant spread and number of primary branches were contributing to PC2. Based on the cluster means the important cluster was Cluster I for fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width and yield per plant. Cluster II for p...
Forty eight diverse genotypes of Asiatic and European carrots were evaluated for 17 quantitative ... more Forty eight diverse genotypes of Asiatic and European carrots were evaluated for 17 quantitative and qualitative traits of horticultural importance. The analysis of variance was highly significant for all the traits indicating the presence of wide variability in the genotypes. High heritability estimates were recorded for plant weight, root weight, total yield, marketable yield and juice content. High estimates of genetic advance were recorded for total yield and marketable yield. The high heritability, associated with high genetic advance as percentage of mean for total yield, marketable yield, plant weight, root weight and beta carotene content, were the most reliable selection parameters. PC-50, PC-5, PC-81, IPC-122 and CT-2 were superior genotypes for yield and its components, and these can be used in further breeding programmes.
Pollination is very important to obtain an economic yield, and the selection of pollinizer with s... more Pollination is very important to obtain an economic yield, and the selection of pollinizer with suitable quality and quantity of pollen is an essential practice in different fruit plants. The effects of pollen parent on kernel and nut characters are known to occur in several nut crops and to determine the best pollinizer and effect of pollen source on the nut and kernel quality of almond (Prunus amygdalus L.). The present investigation was carried out at the experiment farm of Dryland Agriculture Research Station (DARS), SKUAST-Kashmir for two consecutive years, i.e. 2008 and 2009. Various cross combinations were made among nine almond (three exotic and six indigenous) varieties/selections which are compatible with each other. Their nut and kernel characteristics were determined and observed maximum nut weight (2.21 g), nut length (39.78 mm) and nut breadth (20.33 mm), kernel weight (1.28 g), kernel length (28.63 mm) and kernel breadth (12.61 mm) and shelling percentage (57.99 %). I...
The nature of inheritance of days to first fruit set, days to first picking, plant height, number... more The nature of inheritance of days to first fruit set, days to first picking, plant height, number of primary branches per plant, fruit size, flesh thickness, number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight, fruit yield per plant and number of locules was studied from a 10 parent diallel cross of Solanum lycopersicum L. None of the parents exhibited desirable gca effects for all the traits in individual as well as in pooled over environments. However, overall ranking of genotypes revealed that the parents Arka Vikas, KS-227, Roma, DVRT-I and DARL-63 exhibited significant desirable gca effects for most of the traits.
Field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of incorporating fly ash and spent mushroom... more Field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of incorporating fly ash and spent mushroom composts of varied C:N ratio with and without fertilizer nitrogen on yield, trace metal content, nitrogen uptake, metal fractions and soil properties. Fertilizer nitrogen, fly ash and white button spent mushroom compost of narrow C:N ratio increased whereas oyster spent mushroom compost of wider C:N ratio decreased the paddy and straw yield.
Character association and path analysis in twenty genotypically diverse indigenous genotypes of g... more Character association and path analysis in twenty genotypically diverse indigenous genotypes of garlic (Allium sativum L.) were studied at the Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture, Srinagar during the years 2010 and 2011 for nine important characters. Total bulb yield showed positive and significant genotypic and phenotypic associations with plant height, number of leaves per plant, pseudo-stem length, bulb weight and number of cloves per bulb, indicating that selection based on these traits will help increasing the yield of garlic. Path coefficient analysis provides an effective means of a critical examination of specific force action to produce a given correlation and measure the relative importance of each factor. In this analysis bulb yield was taken as dependant variable and rest characters were considered as independent variable. Bulb weight showed high positive and direct effect and significant positive correlation with total bulb yield. Therefore, bulb with higher wei...
Genetic variability is the pre-requisite for genetic improvement of a crop. Thirteen morphologica... more Genetic variability is the pre-requisite for genetic improvement of a crop. Thirteen morphological markers, four biochemical markers and twenty RAPD primers were employed to estimate genetic diversity and to characterize 48 carrot genotypes possessing special ...
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2021
Almond is one of the major and oldest treenut crops known to the mankind with widespread populari... more Almond is one of the major and oldest treenut crops known to the mankind with widespread popularity throughout the world and is mainly grown under rainfed conditions in India with very low productivity (Sharma and Joolka, 2000). Almond is the earliest deciduous fruit and nut tree to bloom in spring, due to its relatively low winter chilling requirement and quick response to warm growing temperatures in the spring (Sutyemez, 2011). The early blooming nature of almond limits its production in many areas and years because of damage from spring frost. Its kernels are delicious and are a concentrated source of energy due to its high oil content. The commercial cultivation of International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 10 Number 01 (2021) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com
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