Papers by Dr Ann Abiola Ogbenna
Vox sanguinis, 2021
This study presents the efficiency of Au(III) ions extraction in aqueous two phase systems (ATPS)... more This study presents the efficiency of Au(III) ions extraction in aqueous two phase systems (ATPS) based on polyethylene glycol (PEG) 40% (w/w) and (NH4)2SO4 40% (w/w), in the presence of chloride ions with a concentration of 0.5 mol/L as extracting agents and a pH of 4.5 of the inorganic salt. The influence of two experimental parameters was studied: PEG molecular weight and volume ratio between the two phases. Experimental results showed that with the increasing of the PEG molecular weight the quantity of Au(III) ions extracted in PEG rich phase increases (67.78% for PEG(2000), 75% for PEG(4000) and 86.19% for PEG(6000), values obtained for a volume ratio (NH4)2SO4 : PEG of 5:4). Also, the extraction efficiency showed an important decrease for a (NH4)2SO4 : PEG volume ratio >2 because of the hydrophobicity of the environment that decreases.
West African journal of medicine, Feb 28, 2023
British Journal of Haematology
SummaryBlood transfusion is an integral component in the management of children and adults with s... more SummaryBlood transfusion is an integral component in the management of children and adults with sickle cell disease (SCD). Concerns about blood safety due to the high risk of bloodborne infections in sub‐Saharan Africa limits the application of this cost‐effective strategy in the management of individuals with SCD. In a single‐centre, retrospective, longitudinal study in southwest Nigeria, we hypothesised that the use of stringent blood donor selection, along with very sensitive enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) screening methods would reduce transfusion‐transmitted infections (TTIs). Among 45 002 eligible blood donors at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital in Nigeria, over a 5‐year review period (2015–2019), the seroprevalence rate of viral TTIs was 9.83%. The seroprevalence rates for human immunodeficiency, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C viruses were 1.37%, 6.2%, and 2.25% respectively. Among 172 children with SCD, 71% (122/172) on regular blood transfusion and 29% (50/17...
Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice
Annals of Tropical Pathology, 2019
Background: Blood is a scarce commodity and every effort needs to be made to use it judiciously a... more Background: Blood is a scarce commodity and every effort needs to be made to use it judiciously and avoid wastage. This study reviewed the pattern of blood procurement, ordering, and utilization at a hospital-based blood bank. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study in which data on blood procurement methods, pattern of requisition of blood, and outcome of issued blood were obtained from blood bank registers over a 2-year period at the Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital blood bank. Results: Approximately, 99% of donors were family replacement donors. In 2014, total blood donated was 4003 which exceeded the request for red blood cell (RBC) transfusion by 921 units. The highest request for blood was from the accident and emergency and 90% of blood issued were used. Overall percentage wasted of RBCs was 19.8% and the major contributors to these were antenatal clinic and labor ward both having 80% and 55.8% issued blood returned to blood bank unused. Conclusion: The proportion of wasted units of RBC is high. Designing and adhering to maximum blood ordering schedule and blood transfusion guidelines with efforts toward converting family replacement donors to voluntary blood donors will help in maintaining a steady supply of safe blood.
American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 2020
Casestudy Leukaemic ophthalmopathy is commoner in acute myeloid leukaemias. Ophthalmic involvemen... more Casestudy Leukaemic ophthalmopathy is commoner in acute myeloid leukaemias. Ophthalmic involvement in leukaemias is classified into: Primary or Secondary. Methods A 35-year-old man with history of working in an oil and gas company for 3years who presented 9months ago on account of one month history of recurrent fever, occasional bone pain and generalised body weakness.Had associated history of passage of dark coloured urine, mouth ulcers, mouth bleeds and dizziness. CBC at presentation showed WBC of 102,300/mcl with 79% blasts, hemoglobin of 5.4g/dL, platelet count of 12,000/mcl. Symptoms were consistent with leukostasis, and he had leukoreduction with exchange blood transfusion and hydroxyurea. Bone marrow aspirate confirmed the diagnosis of AML FAB M2. Bone marrow biopsy showed hypercellular marrow with increased myeloid series, other series depressed. Three days after admission, he complained of painless blurred vision bilaterally and feeling of objects appearing reddish, a revie...
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the blood borne viral agents of significant worldwide medical c... more Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is one of the blood borne viral agents of significant worldwide medical concern because of post transfusion hepatitis. This study is to determine baseline data on HCV in our blood service to guide future planning towards the quality of blood transfusion. All consenting blood donors between January and March 2013 were screened with ELISA for hepatitis C virus antibody and their ABO blood groups determined. The subjects were 2382 (87.5%) voluntary and 339 (12.5%) family replacement blood donors. The overall prevalence of HCV antibody among our subjects was 6.1%. There were 156 (6.6%) sero positive HCV reactions among the voluntary blood donors which is significantly higher than 10 (3.0%) observed among family replacement donors; p=0.01. The sex prevalence of HCV among the male and female donors were 6.2% and 5.9% respectively; p=0.7. The highest prevalence of 12.6% was recorded among donors aged 46-55 years. The rate of HCV antibody positivity was 8.4% among ne...
American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 2018
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with distinct mor... more Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with distinct morphologic, biologic, and clinical features that can be successfully treated with ATRA-based regimens. APL represents a true emergency due to the high risk of developing life-threatening coagulopathy if untreated promptly. Multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) has an established role in AML diagnosis and follow-up. In particular for APL, morphology features and a typical immunophenotype are keys for initial screening and to provide a timely diagnosis prior to results of ancillary tests (eg, cytogenetics, FISH, and PCR). A characteristic "APL immunophenotype" displays most of the following features: high side scatter; positivity for CD13 (heterogeneous), CD33 (bright), and CD117 (variable); and absent CD34, CD11, CD10, and HLA-DR. However, some of these features might be absent in APL or present in other types of AML, making the immunological characterization of blasts technically challenging for many cases. We reported three newly diagnosed AML cases with an "APL-like" immunophenotype in this study. Results: In these cases, the blasts showed monocytic differentiation; one of them showed Auer rods. Immunophenotype was investigated by MFC as a routine workup; cytogenetics, FISH, and PCR were also performed. In all three cases, blasts expressed CD33, CD13, and cMPO; an elevated SSC; and a lack of CD34, CD11, and HLA-DR. In two cases, blasts also expressed CD4 and CD117; in the other case, cells partially expressed CD15 and were weakly positive for CD117. Neither t(15;17) nor PML/RARα gene rearrangement were detected (by cytogenetics, FISH, or PCR). NPM1 gene mutation was identified in all cases, and FLT3-ITD mutation was present in two cases. Previous studies have also described NPMmutated AML with CD34 and HLA-DR negativity. Conclusion: These findings indicate that despite the utility of MFC, cytogenetic and molecular characterizations are necessary to establish accurate diagnosis in AML.
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Nov 25, 2021
Journal of Pain and Symptom Management
Context. Palliative care awareness, education and practice vary widely across global health syste... more Context. Palliative care awareness, education and practice vary widely across global health systems, especially throughout lowand middle-income countries such as Nigeria. Unfortunately, qualitative investigations into the context, experiences and challenges of Nigerian health care professionals providing palliative care in these settings are still underrepresented in the literature. Objectives. The aim of this study was to better understand the perceptions of palliative care providers in Nigeria. Methods. The authors conducted an online survey of health professionals caring for patients with palliative care and end of life needs. Survey participants were recruited via convenience sampling from a palliative care training program in Lagos, Nigeria. Results. 27 palliative care program participants (12 physicians, seven nurses, four pharmacists, two psychiatrists and two physiotherapists) responded to the two-question survey. 39 free text responses were collected and analyzed. A majority (33%, n = 13) of responses reported challenges associated with caring for patients with cancer. Suboptimal pain management was the second most common response type (18%, n = 7). Other significant responses included caring for patients with comorbidities (13%, n = 5), patients seeking spiritual care (8%, n = 3) and patients who were unable to afford standard treatment (5%, n = 2). Uncategorized responses (23%, n = 9) included experiences caring for patients with injuries sustained in military operations and COVID-19, among others. Conclusion. These results provide valuable insights into the palliative care experiences and challenges of an interdisciplinary set of health care practitioners providing palliative care in Nigeria. Further research is needed to elucidate the facilitators and barriers of delivering palliative care in similar settings.
Annals of Global Health
Background: Education and capacity building in palliative care are greatly needed in Nigeria. Cur... more Background: Education and capacity building in palliative care are greatly needed in Nigeria. Currently, two institutions integrate palliative care into the undergraduate medical curriculum and no post graduate training exists. A team from the University of Lagos in Nigeria and Northwestern University in the US collaborated to design, implement, and evaluate a 12-hour virtual palliative care training program for Nigerian health professionals. Objective: This study investigated the impact of the first session of the training program on healthcare professionals' knowledge, skills, attitudes, and confidence in palliative care. Methods: The Education in Palliative and End-of-Life (EPEC) curriculum and the Kenya Hospices and Palliative Care Association (KEHPCA) curriculum were used as foundations for the program and adapted for the Nigerian context. Delivered online, the training focused on goals of palliative care, whole patient assessment, communication skills, pain management, psychosocial issues, palliative care in COVID, oncology, and HIV. A mixed-methods evaluation based on Kirkpatrick's evaluation framework was used and data were gathered from surveys and focus groups. Findings: Thirty-five health professionals completed the training. The training had a positive impact on knowledge, skills, and attitudes. Confidence in providing end-of-life care increased from 27.3% to 92.9% while confidence in prescribing medication to relieve symptoms at the end of life increased from 42.9% to 92.0%. Performance on multiplechoice knowledge tests increased by 10% (p < 0.01). All participants stated that they would recommend the program to a peer while 96.4% reported the program was relevant to the Nigerian context. Qualitative analysis suggested that the training would help participants provide more holistic care for patients, communicate better, and change how they interacted with families. Topics to be addressed in future training were identified. Conclusions: This virtual training can be an important element in palliative care capacity building in Nigeria and represents a model for global health collaboration. 2 Ogbenna et al.
<p>The laboratory investigations in the study participants.</p
West Africa Journal of Medicine
Background: Blood transfusion therapy remains a mainstay in the care of many tropical diseases. B... more Background: Blood transfusion therapy remains a mainstay in the care of many tropical diseases. Blood supply in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) including Nigeria is still a challenge in terms of perennial blood shortages and transfusion transmissible infections (TTI). This study aimed to describe blood donation patterns and compare the rates of TTIs among types of blood donors seen at LUTH. Study method: A 6-year retrospective review of data on donor types and pattern of TTIs at LUTH transfusion service. TTI rates and odd ratios (OR) of TTI positivity amongst VNRD versus FRD were computed at 95% confidence intervals. Proportion of TTI sero-positivity was also compared between the VNRD and FRD groups. Results: A total of 53,319 blood donors were observed over the study period, with average of 8886.5 donors per year. VNRDs accounted for 12.3% (6533/53,319), while FRDs accounted for 87.7% (46,789/53,319) of all donors. The proportion of VNRDs ranged from 5.1% to 20.8%. The overall prevalence ...
<p>Predictors of the risk of occurrence of HIV in the malnourished children: Logistic regre... more <p>Predictors of the risk of occurrence of HIV in the malnourished children: Logistic regression.</p
The Nigerian medical practitioner, Jun 11, 2021
In plasma, homocysteine (Hcy) is majorly bound to protein, and have been significantly associated... more In plasma, homocysteine (Hcy) is majorly bound to protein, and have been significantly associated with adverse obstetric outcomes such as placental abruption or placental infarction, unexplained recurrent fetal loss, and pre-eclampsia among others; including the possibility of predicting women at risk of these conditions.Estimated Hcy levels have been observed to vary significantly with age, sex, lifestyles, hereditary factors, and ethnicity among several other confounding factors. However, the evaluation of homocysteine-protein ratio (Hcy/Pro) may provide a more reliable biomarker by adjusting for variations in serum proteins. The aim of the study was to determine the pattern of Hcy/Pro among pregnant Nigerian females and evaluate possible associations with some haematological variables (Haemoglobin-Hb; Mean cell volume-MCV; Mean cell haemoglobin concentration-MCHC; White blood cell count-WBC and Platelet count-PLT).This study was an observational, hospital based, Cross-Sectional study comprising 130 pregnant women (cases) and 130 non-pregnant women (controls). The participants were recruited from the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH).Structured questionnaires were applied to obtain demographic, medical, socio-economic, and nutritional histories. Plasma Hcy was evaluated using Enzyme linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), and Plasma protein was evaluated using a fully automated Beckman Synchron LX20 by Beckman Coulter, Inc., 250 S. Kraemer Blvd. Brea, CA 92821, USA. Statistical analyzes were performed using SPSS version 23. Reference range for Hcy/Pro for non-pregnant females was estimated to be 0.050 – 0.098µmol/g. Homocysteine-protein ratio was observed to decline progressively throughout pregnancy (F=36.565; p=0.0001). The mean Hcy/Pro of control group participants (0.074 ± 0.012 µmol/g) was significantly higher than the 0.057 ± 0.019 µmol/g reported for the study group (p=0.001). Homocysteine-protein ratio correlated negatively with gestational age (GA) of study group participants (r= - 0.364; p=0.003).The Hcy/Pro showed a progressive decline throughout pregnancy, compared to total plasma Hcy pattern, and may be a truer reflection of plasma homocysteine pattern in pregnancy. Keywords: Homocysteine-protein ratio, homocysteine, pregnancy, protein
Nigerian Hospital Practice, Jun 11, 2021
Blood transfusion is usually a lifesaving and therapeutic intervention.However, many preventable ... more Blood transfusion is usually a lifesaving and therapeutic intervention.However, many preventable errors (especially transfusion transmissible infections) may make this a harmful procedure. Most of these transfusion transmissible infections are caused by viruses. In this study, sero-prevalence of two viruses (rubella and cytomegalovirus) that are usually overlooked in transfusion medicine were determined in Lagos state, Nigeria. This is a cross sectional study which took place at Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH). Consented and eligible blood donors at LUTH were purportedly selected daily until 181 donors were recruited. A structured questionnaire was used as data collection tool. Samples were analyzed in batches using ELISA method. Out of 181 blood donors that participated, male blood donors constituted 87.8% (159) while the females were only 22 (12.2%). The sero-prevalence of Rubella IgG was 87.8% while that of Rubella IgM was 0.0% and anti-CMV IgM was 11.0%. There was a significant association between gender and rubella infection (p=0.03).&nbsp; Routine pre-donation screening for anti-rubella and anti-CMV antibodies might not be cost effective as few donors were sero-negative to these viruses. Key words: Rubella, CMV, IgM, IgG, Sero-prevalence, blood donor
International Journal of Laboratory Hematology, 2019
International Blood Research & Reviews, 2016
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Papers by Dr Ann Abiola Ogbenna