Papers by Deden Girmansyah
Reinwardtia, Jun 28, 2024
Research Center for Biology-LIPI, 2017
The Gardens' bulletin Singapore, 2016
Three new species of Begonia L., Begonia sumbawaensis Girm., Begonia brangbosangensis Girm. and B... more Three new species of Begonia L., Begonia sumbawaensis Girm., Begonia brangbosangensis Girm. and Begonia jaranpusangensis Girm., are described from Sumbawa, Indonesia. All species are illustrated and identification keys and distribution maps are provided.
The Gardens' bulletin Singapore, Jun 19, 2020
The Begonia flora of Kalimantan is very poorly known, in marked contrast to that of Brunei, Sabah... more The Begonia flora of Kalimantan is very poorly known, in marked contrast to that of Brunei, Sabah and Sarawak. Here we publish eleven new records and three new species (B. bawangensis Girm., Randi & M.Hughes, B. pendulina Girm. & M.Hughes and B. recurvata Girm. & M.Hughes, all in Begonia sect. Petermannia) (Klotzsch) A.DC. for Kalimantan. Provisional conservation assessments according to IUCN criteria are provided for the new species.
Nature, Aug 5, 2020
New Guinea is the world's largest tropical island and has fascinated naturalists for centuries 1,... more New Guinea is the world's largest tropical island and has fascinated naturalists for centuries 1,2. Home to some of the best-preserved ecosystems on the planet 3 and to intact ecological gradients-from mangroves to tropical alpine grasslands-that are unmatched in the Asia-Pacific region 4,5 , it is a globally recognized centre of biological and cultural diversity 6,7. So far, however, there has been no attempt to critically catalogue the entire vascular plant diversity of New Guinea. Here we present the first, to our knowledge, expert-verified checklist of the vascular plants of mainland New Guinea and surrounding islands. Our publicly available checklist includes 13,634 species (68% endemic), 1,742 genera and 264 families-suggesting that New Guinea is the most floristically diverse island in the world. Expert knowledge is essential for building checklists in the digital era: reliance on online taxonomic resources alone would have inflated species counts by 22%. Species discovery shows no sign of levelling off, and we discuss steps to accelerate botanical research in the 'Last Unknown' 8. Great uncertainty remains as to the number of New Guinea plant species known to science, with conflicting estimates ranging from 9,000 to 25,000 species 9,10. To narrow this range, here we catalogue the entire known vascular flora (angiosperms, gymnosperms, ferns and lycophytes) of mainland New Guinea and its surrounding islands (hereafter 'New Guinea'; Fig. 1a, Extended Data Fig. 1). We do so through a large-scale collaborative effort in which 99 plant experts verified the identity of 23,381 taxonomic names derived from 704,724 specimens (see Methods). Overall, we find that New Guinea supports 13,634 described species, 1,742 genera and 264 families of vascular plants (Supplementary Tables 1, 2). This suggests that New Guinea is the world's most floristically diverse island, with a known vascular plant flora 19% larger than the 11,488 species recorded in Madagascar 11 and 22% larger than the 11,165 species recorded in Borneo (http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org, accessed 27 April 2019). New Guinea contains almost three times the 4,598 spermatophyte species of Java 12 and 1.4 times the 9,432 vascular plant species of the Philippines 13-the only Malesian island regions for which Floras have been published. The vascular plant flora of New Guinea is divided between two political entities (Fig. 1a): Papua New Guinea, with 10,973 species, has 44% more species than Indonesian New Guinea (Papua Barat and Papua provinces), which has 7,616. Papua New Guinea also has more genera (1,654 versus 1,511) and families (260 versus 248). These differences partly arise from the lower collecting density in Indonesian New Guinea 1,2 (Fig. 1a). Nevertheless, the order of country rankings in plant diversity is unlikely to change with further collections because Papua New Guinea has a larger area, and surface area is the strongest predictor of island plant diversity 14. Our species total for Papua New Guinea differs markedly from the 29,756 species that were presented in an unverified list of the Global Biodiversity Information Facility 15 and our total number of genera for New Guinea is 28% lower than the 2,437 unverified genera reported in a previous macroecological study 16. Together, these differences underscore the need for expert validation in the digital era, which we discuss below.
Gardens' Bulletin Singapore, 2018
The rediscovery of Begonia promethea Ridl. for the first time since its description in 1906 led t... more The rediscovery of Begonia promethea Ridl. for the first time since its description in 1906 led to the discovery that the later described B. beccarii Warb. is synonymous with it and that it belongs in Begonia sect. Petermannia. It is a rare, endangered species known only from three localities, two locations from the Kuching Division, Sarawak, Malaysia and another one from West Kalimantan, Indonesia. A detailed, illustrated description and a distribution map of Begonia promethea are provided. We suggest an IUCN conservation category of EN B2ab(iii). Lectotypes for both names are designated.
Edinburgh Journal of Botany
Begonia (Begoniaceae) is one of the largest angiosperm genera, comprising more than 2000 species;... more Begonia (Begoniaceae) is one of the largest angiosperm genera, comprising more than 2000 species; this makes it ideal as a model to investigate the genomic basis of species radiations. Here we present the results of the first genus-wide comparative study of plastid genome structure, sequence diversity, and phylogenetics of Begoniaceae, in which 44 complete Begoniaceae plastomes, including those of Begonia’s sister group, Hillebrandia, a monotypic genus endemic to Hawai‘i, and 43 species representing 42 sections of Begonia, were assembled. Our results reveal that Begoniaceae plastome size ranges from 167,123 to 170,852 bp, displaying the typical quadripartite structure. Structures of most Begoniaceae plastomes are highly conserved but differ from the plastomes of the majority of angiosperms in having a unique inverted repeat (IR) expansion, from IRa to large single copy (LSC), resulting from a duplicated fragment of the trnH–GUG gene to the trnR–UCU gene. Additionally, comparison bet...
Batam Botanic Garden is a relatively new botanic garden in Indonesia that is assisted by and unde... more Batam Botanic Garden is a relatively new botanic garden in Indonesia that is assisted by and under collaboration with Bogor Botanic Garden. Recently, a team of Bogor Botanic Garden and Research Center for Biology?LIPI conducted flora exploration in Riau Archipelago, particularly on Karimun Island, Sugi Island and the surrounding areas. The aim of this exploration is to inventory the flora diversity in Riau Archipelago and to enrich living collection of the Batam Botanic Garden. Based on the data gathered from this inventory, we recommend 20 selected plant species with significant conservation value to be targeted for and included in the living collections of Batam Botanic Garden. Five of them (Aquilaria malaccensis, Ceriops decandra, Hopea ferruginea, Pterocarpus indicus and Vatica hullettii) need more attention to be conserved due to their IUCN red list status
DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals - DOAJ, 2022
Edinburgh Journal of Botany
Begonia is the world’s fastest-growing genus and a focus of intense taxonomic research. To suppor... more Begonia is the world’s fastest-growing genus and a focus of intense taxonomic research. To support this, a stable and useful sectional classification is needed. This paper reviews the feasibility and challenges of creating an infrageneric classification for Begonia based on phylogenetic data, and how to overcome phylogenetic and taxonomic conflict. In particular, it (i) tests genus-wide patterns of incongruence between phylogenies based on the nuclear, chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes; (ii) explains organelle inheritance and its contribution to phylogenetic incongruence, and (iii) presents a manifesto for a workable and stable subgeneric classification in light of the above and lays the foundation for a collaborative Begonia Phylogeny Group.
Reinwardtia, 2009
Two new species and one new subspecies, of Begonia are described from the Mekongga Mountains in S... more Two new species and one new subspecies, of Begonia are described from the Mekongga Mountains in Southeast Sulawesi: Begonia mekonggensis Girmansyah & Wiriadinata, Begonia watuwilensis Girmansyah, and Begonia aptera Blume subsp. hirtissima Girmansyah & D.C.Thomas,. Begonia mekonggensis and Begonia watuwilensis belong to Begonia section Petermannia. Both species have characters which are very unusual amongst species in this section. Begonia mekonggensis is dioecious, and Begonia watuwilensis exhibits protandrous inflorescences with basal male flowers and several distal female flowers. Begonia aptera Blume subsp. hirtissima belongs to Begonia section Sphenanthera.
Fig. 15. Begonia pseudoscottii Girm sp. nov. A. Habit. B. Inflorescence at the base of the plant,... more Fig. 15. Begonia pseudoscottii Girm sp. nov. A. Habit. B. Inflorescence at the base of the plant, with mature fruit below and male and female flowers open at the top. C. Male flower. All photographs from a plant cultivated in Cibodas Botanic Garden (accession number C20090980/IY80, derived from material collected in Gunung Leuser National Park). Scale bars on insets = 1 cm.
Fig. 12. Begonia leuserensis M.Hughes sp. nov. A. Habit. B. Male flower back view. C. Male flower... more Fig. 12. Begonia leuserensis M.Hughes sp. nov. A. Habit. B. Male flower back view. C. Male flower. D. Female flower. E. Lobed leaf. A–D from Air Panas of the type collection Wilkie et al. PW791; E from PW778. Scale bars on insets: B–D = 1 cm; E = 10 cm.
<i> Begonia simolapensis</i> Ardi sp. nov. §<i> Reichenheimia</i> urn:lsi... more <i> Begonia simolapensis</i> Ardi sp. nov. §<i> Reichenheimia</i> urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77151652-1 Figs 2, 17 Diagnosis<i> Begonia simolapensis</i> grows sympatrically on limestone with<i> B. olivacea</i> described above and has a similar habit (growing flat against the substrate) and leaf shape; it differs in having larger (5–9.5 × 4–8 cm, not 2.7–4.5 × 2.6–3.7 cm), glossier leaves which are a nearly uniform deep green (not olive green with paler variegation) and longer, denser hairs on the petioles. Etymology The epithet refers to the type locality of Simolap. Type SUMATRA: North Sumatra Province, Leuser National Park, Simolap, 260 m, 9 Jul. 2011,<i> Puglisi et al. 228</i> (holo-: BO; iso-: E). Additional material SUMATRA: North Sumatra, Gunung Leuser National Park, Simolap, 11 Jul. 2011,<i> Puglisi 267</i> ( BO, E). Description Repent acaulescent herb, growing flat against vertical rocks or soil on limestone, less than 15 cm tall; stem rhizomatous, internodes<i> c.</i> 2 mm long. Stipules persistent, triangular, 4–5 × 5 mm, with an abaxially prominent midrib that extends up to 6 mm. Leaves: petiole 3–14 cm long, shorter towards the plant apex, terete, sparsely hairy; lamina suborbicular, asymmetric, 5–9.5 × 4–8 cm, basifixed, base cordate with lobes slightly overlapping, adaxially green to reddish dark green, glossy, glabrous, abaxially pale green with hairs on veins only, primary veins 6–8, actinodromous, margin fimbriate and recurved stiff teeth at the end of the veins, apex obtuse. Inflorescences axillary, cymose, branching 1–3 times, bisexual, 6– 8 male flowers, 2– 4 female flowers, protandrous; primary peduncle<i> c.</i> 7–12 cm long, glabrous; bracts semi-persistent, elliptic or narrowly obovate, 2.5–3.5 × 1.5–2.5 mm, margin fimbriate, apex acute. Male flowers: pedicel<i> c.</i> 12 mm long, glabrous; tepals 4; outer tepals suborbicular, 9–11 × 8–12.5 mm, white or white with pink stripes, glabrous, slightly cordate at the base becoming truncate when open, margin entire; inner tepals narrowly obovate or [...]
<i> Begonia harauensis</i> Girm. sp. nov. §<i> Petermannia</i> urn:lsid:i... more <i> Begonia harauensis</i> Girm. sp. nov. §<i> Petermannia</i> urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77151641-1 Figs 2, 6 Diagnosis The inflorescence and habit of<i> B. harauensis</i> most closely resembles that of<i> B. laruei</i> M.Hughes ( Hughes<i> et al.</i> 2009) from North Sumatra and Aceh, but it is a smaller species (<i> c.</i> 50 cm tall, not to<i> c.</i> 100 cm tall) with narrower leaves ( 2–5.5 cm wide, not 3.5–10 cm wide) without lobes, which are so asymmetric as to almost displace the point of petiole attachment to the side of the leaf. The shrinkage that occurs upon drying accentuates this, giving the leaves a tear-drop shape. Etymology The epithet refers to the distribution of the species, Lembah Harau in West Sumatra near Payakumbuh. Type SUMATRA: West Sumatra, Lembah Harau Nature Reserve, 500 m, 24 Jul. 2009,<i> Hughes &amp; Rubite MH 1557</i> (holo-: BO; iso-: E). Additional material SUMATRA: West Sumatra, Kepala Banda,<i> ANDA collectors</i> 4 ( ANDA); ibid., 22 Oct. 1989,<i> ANDA collectors 106</i> ( ANDA); ibid., 22 Oct. 1989,<i> ANDA collectors 142</i> ( ANDA); ibid., 3 Apr. 1988,<i> Darmansyah 33</i> ( ANDA); ibid., 10Apr. 1988,<i> Lani &amp; Arnov 48</i> ( ANDA); ibid., 10 Nov. 1984,<i> Meriyatmi, E. 12</i> ( ANDA); ibid., 3 Apr. 1988,<i> Ranti</i> 12 ( ANDA); ibid., 3 Apr. 1988,<i> Suluh, B. 41</i> ( ANDA); Lembah Harau Nature Reserve, 3 Apr. 1988,<i> Heravela 22</i> ( ANDA); ibid., 27 Aug. 1983,<i> Hotta, M. &amp; et. al. 335</i> ( ANDA); ibid., 24 Jul. 2009,<i> Hughes, M. &amp; Rubite, R. MH 1557</i> ( E); ibid., 23 Jul. 2009,<i> Hughes, M. &amp; Taufiq, A. MH 1556</i> ( E); Lembah Harau Nature Reserve, Sarasah Bonta, 14 Nov. 1992,<i> ANDA collectors 9</i> ( ANDA); ibid., 27 Aug. 1983,<i> ANDA collectors 4 R</i> ( ANDA); ibid., 2 Apr. 1988,<i> ANDA collectors 11</i> ( ANDA); ibid., 2 Mar. 2001,<i> ANDA collectors</i> 29 ( ANDA); ibid., 14 Nov. 1992,<i> ANDA collectors 49</i> ( ANDA); ibid., Dec. 1994,<i> ANDA collectors 51</i> ( ANDA); ibid., 15 Nov. 1992,<i> ANDA collectors 63</i> ( ANDA); ibid., 1 [...]
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Papers by Deden Girmansyah