Papers by Darejan Javakhishvili
Routledge eBooks, Mar 26, 2024
Journal of Loss and Trauma
PLOS ONE
Background Contextual factors are essential for understanding long-term adjustment to the COVID-1... more Background Contextual factors are essential for understanding long-term adjustment to the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, the present study investigated changes in mental health outcomes and subjective pandemic-related experiences over time and across countries. The main objective was to explore how psychological responses vary in relation to individual and environmental factors. Methods The sample consisted of N = 1070 participants from the general population of Austria, Croatia, Georgia, Greece, and Portugal. We applied a longitudinal mixed-methods approach, with baseline assessment in summer and autumn 2020 (T1) and follow-up assessment 12 months later (T2). Qualitative content analysis by Mayring was used to analyse open-ended questions about stressful events, positive and negative aspects of the pandemic, and recommendations on how to cope. Mental health outcomes were assessed with the Adjustment Disorder–New Module 8 (ADNM-8), the Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM-5 (PC-PTSD-5), ...
International Perspectives in Psychology
: Background: The university years are associated with a variety of stressors, and recently, COVI... more : Background: The university years are associated with a variety of stressors, and recently, COVID-19 has presented an additional burden on students’ mental well-being. As mental health manifestations of stressors may differ between countries, this study compared students from Switzerland and the Republic of Georgia regarding the burden of stressors and the role of potentially culture-dependent risk and protective factors of mental health (i.e., help-seeking, cross-cultural coping, fatalism, sense of coherence). Method: We assessed two samples of university students in Georgia ( N = 425) and German-speaking Switzerland ( N = 298), using a cross-sectional design. Quantitative data were collected with online questionnaires during the third wave of the pandemic. Mental health screenings included measures of depression, anxiety, and adjustment disorder. Results: General life- and COVID-19-related stress levels were higher in Georgia than in Switzerland. Georgian students experienced more adjustment disorder symptoms but lower levels of depression and anxiety. While Swiss students reported more protective factors (formal and informal help-seeking, sense of coherence), Georgian students experienced more risk factors (fatalism and avoidance coping). Despite significant correlations between potentially culture-dependent risk and protective factors and mental health, few associations remained significant above and beyond the impact of general life stress. Conclusions: The high prevalence of stressors and adjustment disorder symptoms and risk factors for mental health among Georgian students illustrates a potential need for psychosocial support with stress management. The cross-cultural applicability of Western models of student mental health services should be evaluated.
Clinical Practice & Epidemiology in Mental Health
Background: To examine changes in COVID-19 stressors and symptoms of mental disorders in the Repu... more Background: To examine changes in COVID-19 stressors and symptoms of mental disorders in the Republic of Georgia. Methods:A longitudinal design was used. Following on from our study of May-June 2020, this follow-up study in January-March 2021 was conducted at: (i)an individual level with the same respondents involved in the May-June 2020 study (repeat responders/cohort); and (ii) at a population-wide level, using non-probabilistic sampling. Questionnaire sections covered: (i)demographic, socio-economic characteristics; (ii)level of burden caused by COVID-19-related stressors/concern; and (iii)symptoms of anxiety(GAD-7), depression(PHQ-9), PTSD(ITQ), adjustment disorder(ADNM8). Descriptive and multivariable regression analyses were conducted. Results:Among population-level survey respondents(N=1195), the probability of reporting mental ill health symptoms increased in 2021 compared to 2020 for PTSD(OR1.82), depression(OR1.40), adjustment disorder(OR 1.80), and marginally for anxiety(...
European Journal of Psychotraumatology
European Journal of Psychotraumatology
The American Journal of Psychoanalysis
European Journal of Psychotraumatology
Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 2017
AimsThere are an estimated 1.5 million internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Ukraine because of ... more AimsThere are an estimated 1.5 million internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Ukraine because of the armed conflict in the east of the country. The aim of this paper is to examine utilisation patterns of mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) care among IDPs in Ukraine.MethodsA cross-sectional survey design was used. Data were collected from 2203 adult IDPs throughout Ukraine between March and May 2016. Data on mental health care utilisation were collected, along with outcomes including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression and anxiety. Descriptive and multivariate regression analyses were used.ResultsPTSD prevalence was 32%, depression prevalence was 22%, and anxiety prevalence was 17%. Among those that likely required care (screened positive with one of the three disorders, and also self-reporting a problem) there was a large treatment gap, with 74% of respondents who likely required MHPSS care over the past 12 months not receiving it. For the 26% (N = 180) tha...
European Psychiatry, 2017
BackgroundThere are an estimated 1.4 million internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Ukraine as a ... more BackgroundThere are an estimated 1.4 million internally displaced persons (IDPs) in Ukraine as a result of the armed conflict in Ukraine.Objectives(i) Measure the burden of key mental disorders (PTSD, depression and anxiety); (ii) examine rates of utilization of health and psychosocial support services; (iii) examine the patterns of utilisation of services.MethodsThe study used a cross-sectional survey design and was conducted throughout Ukraine between March and May 2016 with 2203 IDPs aged 18 years and over. Time-location sampling was chosen as a probabilistic sampling method. Outcome measures were the PCL-5 for PTSD, the PHQ-9 for depression and the GAD-7 for anxiety. Descriptive and multivariate regression analyses were used.ResultsOf the 2203 respondents, 703 reported experiencing a mental health or emotional problem over the previous 12 months and were also screened positive with PTSD, depression or anxiety. Of these 703, 180 had sought care (with sources of care to be given i...
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2017
ObjectiveRecently, the American Psychiatric Association (DSM‐5) and the World Health Organization... more ObjectiveRecently, the American Psychiatric Association (DSM‐5) and the World Health Organization (ICD‐11) have both revised their formulation of post‐traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The primary aim of this study was to compare DSM‐5 and ICD‐11 PTSD prevalence and comorbidity rates, as well as the level of disability associated with each diagnosis.MethodThis study was based on a representative sample of adult Ukrainian internally displaced persons (IDPs: N = 2203). Post‐traumatic stress disorder prevalence was assessed using the PTSD Checklist for DSM‐5 and the International Trauma Questionnaire (ICD‐11). Anxiety and depression were measured using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale and the Patient Health Questionnaire‐Depression. Disability was measured using the WHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0.ResultsThe prevalence of DSM‐5 PTSD (27.4%) was significantly higher than ICD‐11 PTSD (21.0%), and PTSD rates for females were significantly higher using both criteria. ICD‐11 PT...
Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved, 2018
During the 69th UN General Assembly world leaders agreed that ending the AIDS epidemic as a publi... more During the 69th UN General Assembly world leaders agreed that ending the AIDS epidemic as a public health threat by 2030 was possible. An AIDS-free generation is not achievable without addressing youth vulnerability globally. Street-connected youths are one of the groups most at risk.
Additional file 4. Online Annex 4. Detailed results for symptoms of mental disorders, by previous... more Additional file 4. Online Annex 4. Detailed results for symptoms of mental disorders, by previous mental health diagnosis status (N = 2024).
Additional file 2. Online Annex 2. Recruitment Strategy.
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Papers by Darejan Javakhishvili