Papers by VLADIMIR DE OLIVEIRA
Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia
Biometeorology and animal welfare Full-length research article Immunocastrated female pigs' socia... more Biometeorology and animal welfare Full-length research article Immunocastrated female pigs' social and feeding behaviour ABSTRACT-This study compared the social and feeding behaviour of immunocastrated female pigs using different immunocastration protocols. We used seventy-two gilts from industrial crossbreeding (Agroceres × Topigs) at 15 weeks of age. The pigs were distributed in a randomised design with three treatments. The second dose of the immunocastration vaccine was applied in two groups, six weeks before slaughter (I6) and four weeks before slaughter (I4). A non-immunised group (NI) was used for comparison. Due to the divergence in the time of immunisation between the two groups, an individual comparison of each immunocastrated group with the control group (NI vs. I6 and NI vs. I4) was performed. Social behaviour was analysed through the collection of images by a monitoring camera, and the analysis period was from 6:00 to 18:00 h, with behaviour observed every ten minutes. Feeding behaviour data were collected by the automated FIRE ® system. Anti-GnRH immunisation and the different protocols of application did not influence most social and feeding behaviours.
Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, 2021
Non-ruminants Full-length research article Evaluation of piglet birth weight on growth performanc... more Non-ruminants Full-length research article Evaluation of piglet birth weight on growth performance and qualitative and quantitative characteristics of carcasses of immunocastrated pigs ABSTRACT-The objective of this study was to determine the effect of birth weight on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of immunocastrated male pigs. Seventy-two boars were assigned to three birth weight categories (BiW): light BiW pigs (LP: 0.98±0.083 kg BW; n = 24), normal BiW pigs (NP: 1.42±0.067 kg BW; n = 24), and heavy BiW pigs (HP: 1.85±0.096 kg BW; n = 24). For treatment design, we considered a weight range of two standard deviations (SD) in relation to the average population body weight (from 0.785 to 2.155 kg BW −1). The animals were housed in six pens with 12 animals per pen, with ad libitum access to water and feed throughout the study. In the growing and finishing phases, pigs were immunocastrated with two doses of vaccine at 112 and 161 days of age. The three BiW categories were different up to departure from the nursery (70 days). After this period, there was no difference between NP and HP in terms of BiW. Measurements showed that a low BiW reduced the loin eye area (9.4%), longissimus thoracis muscle depth (7.6%), and meat:fat ratio (21.6%). Backfat thickness (21.5%) and fat area (11.8%) were higher in LP as compared with the NP and HP categories. Light BiW pigs presented a lower weight steak (7.0%) and belly + rib (8.6%) compared with NP and HP, but did not differ within the LP group. Light BiW pigs required a greater lodging time (14 days), generating higher accumulated feed intake to reach the same slaughter BiW as the other categories. Growth performance and carcass characteristics are influenced by the birth weight (BiW) category. Light BiW pigs require more time and feed intake to reach the same slaughter weight. Birth weight has positive effects on meat quality and weight of commercial cuts.
Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science, Apr 12, 2024
Revista Da Fzva, Jul 13, 2010
This study was conducted to evaluate chemical, physical and microbiological characteristics of 10... more This study was conducted to evaluate chemical, physical and microbiological characteristics of 10 meals made of meat and bones (MBM) commercialized in the West of the Parana State. The MBM was obtained in manufacturers or its representatives in the region. The analysis of data was carried out through the use of unvaried and multivariate statistics. Ninety percent of the MBM showed negative results for peroxide index. Thirty percent of MBM were positive for the Eber test. Regarding the acidity, it was observed that 10% presents values higher than recommended. Twenty percent of the MBM was contaminated with salmonella. With microscopy technique it was evidenced that the majority of the MBM presents a wide variety of contaminants with hair, collagen, hoof, horn and rumen contents. The particle size of MBM analyzed in the study was of 605 μm. The results for humidity varied between 3.10 to 7.14%, with 5.28% in average. The average crude protein was of 45.53% with value variation between 39.19 to 50.89%. The etereo extract concentration varied between 11.19 to 18.56%, but the average was of 13.94%. The average content of ashes was of 34.54% and the average concentration of phosphorus in the analyzed MBM was of 5.76%. The relation between the average of calcium and phosphorus was of 2.17. Sodium chloride levels were of 0.74% and its amplitude 0.45 to 0.96%. The digestibly with pepsin (0.0002%) had average values of 30.71%. The calculated values of apparent metabolized energy and digestible energy were of 2470 and 2777 kcal/kg, respectively. It’s possible to conclude that most of the MBM present great variation in its physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics, therefore constant evaluation is necessary seeking an efficient use of this ingredient in swine and bird feeding.
Archives of Veterinary Science, 2006
Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da adição da monensina sódica no consumo de alimentos e no pH do ... more Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da adição da monensina sódica no consumo de alimentos e no pH do líquido ruminal em ovinos. Foram utilizadas quatro ovelhas da raça Santa Inês, não prenhas, não lactantes e canuladas no rúmen. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o quadrado latino, com quatro tratamentos (T1 - 0; T2 - 25; T3 - 50 e T4 - 75 mg de monensina/ animal/dia). Foram avaliados o consumo de ração, de matéria seca e o pH do fluido do rúmen. A colheita do líquido ruminal para determinação do pH foi realizada às 0; 2; 4; 6 e 8 horas após a alimentação. As análises de variância para consumo de ração e de matéria seca mostraram não haver efeito significativo dos níveis de monensina. Não foi observado efeito significativo nos valores médios do pH ruminal de cada tratamento e na interação tratamento x tempo; os valores de pH ruminal foram considerados normais. Houve diferença estatística no decorrer das horas. O consumo voluntário de alimentos e o pH do líquido ruminal não foram ...
fag.edu.br
, Resumo: Este trabalho busca analisar a agricultura familiar em cinco municípios do oeste parana... more , Resumo: Este trabalho busca analisar a agricultura familiar em cinco municípios do oeste paranaense, através de um estudo de caso, classificando os sistemas de produção e verificando os índices de sustentabilidade nas propriedades rurais. O estudo foi realizado nos municípios de Guaraniaçu, Diamante do Oeste, Lindoeste, Ramilândia e Santa Lúcia. Para análise e caracterização foi utilizada uma amostra de 50 propriedades rurais. Conclui-se através do estudo que as propriedades se inserem num padrão de classificação como PSM1 (pequenos agricultores em descapitalização) em 74%, 22% como PSM2 (pequenos agricultores em transição) e 4% sendo PSM3 (pequenos agricultores consolidados). Palavras-chave: sistemas de produção, pequenos agricultores.
Semina: Ciências Agrárias
This study evaluated the effect of different metabolizable energy (ME) levels in diets on digesti... more This study evaluated the effect of different metabolizable energy (ME) levels in diets on digestibility, performance, and feeding behavior of weaned piglets. A digestibility study to determine ME levels was performed using 12 male piglets with 11.5 ± 0.5 kg body weight (BW), in a cross-over design fed with different ME levels (treatments). In the performance study were used 64 female piglets with 7.5 ± 0.8 kg BW, in a randomized block design with four treatments (3.30, 3.40, 3.50, and 3.60 Mcal.kg-1ME levels), and feeding program with three phases (pre-initial I, pre-initial II, and initial). For feeding behavior, four pens of each treatment were monitored with cameras. The crude-protein digestibility coefficient reduced as dietary ME level increased (P <0.05). In pre-initial I animal performance was not influenced (P <0.05) by ME diet levels, and in the pre-initial II and initial phases, increases in ME caused quadratic (r² 0.99) and linear (r² 0.99) effects on daily feed int...
CABI Reviews
The gut microbiota has been a subject of great interest in recent years because the composition a... more The gut microbiota has been a subject of great interest in recent years because the composition and diversity are associated with the maintenance of piglets’ health and welfare. This review aims to summarise the composition and diversity of piglet microbiome, the impact on health maintenance, influence of feed and nutrients, impact of stress situations, and the effect of growth promoters and antimicrobials on gut microbiota. The composition and diversity of microbiota are influenced by animal early experiences, the appropriate development of microbiota is essential for intestinal function, and influence animal health, growth and productivity. Interactions between the gut microbiota and the immune system help maintain epithelial barrier, and protect from post-weaning diarrhoea pathogenies. After weaning, the piglets’ diet changes abruptly, affecting the microbiota and the physiology, but this can be modulated through nutrients such as fibre, protein and minerals. Stress situations co...
Agrarian
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a aceitabilidade de produtos embutidos, curados e assados, co... more O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a aceitabilidade de produtos embutidos, curados e assados, confeccionados com carne de suínos machos submetidos a dois tipos de castração. Na confecção da copa curada (CC) foi utilizado corte de aproximadamente 400 gramas de cada animal selecionado. Na linguiça toscana (LT), foi coletado porção do lombo de cada animal. As amostras foram separadas conforme a categoria sexual, misturados com mesma quantidade de temperos. Nos produtos CC e LT, as variáveis analisadas não apresentaram diferença (P >0,05) entre as categorias sexuais. O índice de aceitabilidade da CC foi 77,7 e 78,8%, para macho castrado (MC) e imunocastrados (MI), respectivamente. Para LT o índice de aceitabilidade foi 74,1 e 76,9%, para MC e MI, respectivamente. A análise sensorial demonstrou não haver diferença na aceitabilidade pelo consumidor dos produtos copa curada e linguiça toscana, manufaturados a partir de cortes de suínos castrados e imunocastrados.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and microbiological profile of 40 pig... more The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and microbiological profile of 40 piglets (females and males) in the nursery phase. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four treatments, five replicates and sex as a blocking factor. The treatments were distributed in: T1 (control); T2 (Plant Extract as PE, 500 ppm); T3 (Amoxicillin as A, 20 mg kg) and T4 (PE+A, 500 ppm + 20 mg kg). There was no influence (P>0.01), between treatments for both the initial and the final weight and average daily gain, but the control group males had an average daily feed intake of 1.8% or higher (P<0.01) compared to other treatments. The total count control bacterial colonies were 35.9%, 70.9 % and 63.8 % higher (P<0.01) to treatment with A, PE+A and PE, respectively. For MacConkey test, the treated group A was 88.44 %, 91.78 % and 56.50 % higher (P<0.01) compared to PE+A, PE and control, respectively. The antibiogram of 48 stool samples had shown that Amoxicill...
Suinocultura e Avicultura: Do Básico a Zootecnia de Precisão, 2021
Alimentos e Alimentação Animal, 2021
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 2021
The objective of this study was to evaluate carcass characteristics and meat quality of surgicall... more The objective of this study was to evaluate carcass characteristics and meat quality of surgically castrated and immunocastrated male pigs. Data were collected from 24 surgically castrated pigs and 24 immunocastrated male entire originating from the commercial line (Agroceres x Topigs), receiving isonutritive diets and were housed in the same experimental shed, slaughtered at 177 days old, with a slaughter weight of 127.8 (± 6.5) and 135.1 (± 7.8) kg, respectively. Carcass and meat quality characteristics such as carcass yield, lean meat yield, fat content, backfat thickness, muscle depth, pH, meat coloring and, drip, thawing and cooking loss, were evaluated. Immunocastrated pigs have heavier carcass, higher meat yield and lower fat thickness when compared to surgically castrated animals. Regarding meat quality, the immunocastrated presented a lighter meat, less reddness and less water holding capacity. In conclusion, this study confi rmed that the carcass of male pigs, submitted immunocastration, has lower yield, however, more meat and less fat content, when compared to carcass of male pigs surgically castrated. Meat quality showed peculiar characteristics for immunocastrated pigs, and can be used more for sausage production, since it retains less water and have smaller redness color compared to surgically castrated pigs.
Animal Production Science, 2021
Context An adequate management of water use is essential in agricultural systems, including pig f... more Context An adequate management of water use is essential in agricultural systems, including pig farming. Reducing the water footprint is important to preserve this natural resource, although there is limited qualitative information about water intake and water intake behaviour, especially in immunocastrated pigs. Aim The objective of this study was to compare water disappearance, and estimate wasted water and water intake behaviour for immunocastrated and surgically castrated male pigs. Methods Twenty-four surgically castrated male pigs and 24 entire male pigs submitted to immunocastration were used, with an average initial weight of 29.3 kg (±1.9 kg) and an age of 75 days. The pigs were housed in a growing–finishing facility with 24 pens and two animals per pen; each pen was equipped with a semi-automatic feeder and a bite-ball drinker with a water meter. The disappearance of water was measured by collecting the values of the water meters on a daily basis, and the water intake beha...
Livestock Science, 2019
methods to estimate lysine requirements for barrows and immunocastrated pigs,
Archives of Veterinary Science, 2007
Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da adição da monensina sódica na dieta de ovinos sobre o consumoe... more Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da adição da monensina sódica na dieta de ovinos sobre o consumoe os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente da fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) e ácido (FDA) num ensaio dedigestibilidade “in vivo”, utilizando-se 16 ovelhas, não prenhes e não lactantes, mestiças, com peso e desviopadrão médios de 55,11 ± 3,11 kg, em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro tratamentos (0; 25; 50 e75 mg de monensina/animal/dia). Os animais foram alimentados à vontade, com dietas à base de cana-deaçúcar,farelo de soja, grão de milho moído e mistura mineral como dieta básica. Houve efeito significativo dosníveis de monensina sobre os consumos das fibras em detergentes neutro e ácido da dieta. Os coeficientes dedigestibilidade aparente da FDN e da FDA não diferiram estatisticamente entre os tratamentos. Os níveis demonensina sódica utilizados diminuíram os consumos e os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente daFDNe daFDA.
Archives of Veterinary Science, 2007
para avaliar a influência de rações contendo milheto ou sorgo, suplementadas com aminoácidos, no ... more para avaliar a influência de rações contendo milheto ou sorgo, suplementadas com aminoácidos, no desempenho e características de carcaça de suínos em terminação. Utilizaram-se 27 suínos machos castrados com peso vivo médio de 69,0 ± 2,8 kg que foram alojados individualmente em baias de concreto. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente ao acaso com três tratamentos (T1-Ração controle: formulada à base de milho e farelo de soja; T2-Ração milheto: formulada com milheto e L-lisina; T3-Ração sorgo: formulada com sorgo, L-lisina e L-treonina.). Em todos os tratamentos as rações foram suplementadas com minerais e vitaminas. Os suínos das rações controle apresentaram maior (P<0,05) peso final, consumo médio de ração, ganho médio de peso e melhor conversão alimentar (P<0,05) quando comparados aos animais que consumiram a ração com sorgo. Não houve diferenças (P>0,05) na área de olho do lombo e peso do pernil entre os tratamentos. O grupo de animais consumindo a ração contendo sorgo apresentou menor (P<0,05) espessura de toucinho em relação aos animais das rações controle e milheto, que por sua vez foram semelhantes (P>0,05) entre si. Conclui-se que rações formuladas exclusivamente com milheto ou sorgo e suplementadas com aminoácidos reduzem o desempenho de suínos em terminação, embora a ração contendo sorgo, L-lisina e L-treonina pode ser utilizada para reduzir a gordura da carcaça. Alimentos alternativos; nutrição animal; restrição energética.
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Papers by VLADIMIR DE OLIVEIRA
Objective. This study aimed to determine the marginal efficiency of threonine utilization in growing pigs by using the nitrogen balance technique. Materials and methods. Twelve castrated pigs with an average live weight of 72±2 kg were housed in metabolic cages maintained in a temperature controlled room of 22±3°C. The treatments consisted of four diets calculated to meet 30, 45, 60 and 70% of the nutritional requirements of standardized ileal digestible threonine. The amino acids others than threonine were maintained at least 15% above threonine requirements, expressed in terms of ideal levels. The amount of feed supplied was calculate to provide 2.6 times the metabolizable energy requirements for maintenance and adjusted daily according to an expected daily gain rate of 0.8 kg. Results. Pigs consumed 1.65 g kg-1 BW0.75 nitrogen daily, on average and 61% was retained and, as a result, 39% was excreted, being 31% through the feces and the remainder (69%) in the urine. The pigs showed a linear retention of threonine in response to the increase of standardized threonine intake. For each gram of standardized threonine intake 0.37 g were lost during the metabolism. Conclusions. It is concluded that for calculating nutritional requirements of standardized threonine of pigs by the factorial method, it is possible to use the utilization marginal efficiency of 0.63.