Journal of Water and Land Development, Sep 26, 2017
In this work, we have conducted a physicochemical study that assesses the impact of agricultural ... more In this work, we have conducted a physicochemical study that assesses the impact of agricultural activities and urban domestic wastewater on the surface water quality of the dam reservoir Mexa in the area of El-Taref, which is located in the eastern coastal basin of Constantine. 36 samplings have been conducted for three years (2010, 2011 and 2012), at the rate of one sampling per month on the dam reservoir water; 36 samples have been analysed. The samples taken have been subjected to an in situ measurement of physicochemical parameters (temperature, hydrogen potential, electric conductivity and dissolved oxygen) and laboratory analysis (anions, cations, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, organic matter, phosphate, nitrate, nitrite and ammonium). Concentrations of various organic and inorganic pollutants varied from one month to another and from one year to another. From a temporal point of view, the contamination of water of the dam reservoir Mexa varies according to climatic conditions, being generally low during the winter period and high during the low-flow periods. The results obtained reveal that water of the dam reservoir Mexa is fairly contaminated. It is certain that the dam reservoir is subject to pollution of agricultural and urban origin.
Background: The area of Oued Righ is one of the important geothermal areas in northeastern Algeri... more Background: The area of Oued Righ is one of the important geothermal areas in northeastern Algerian Sahara. It is characterized by a hot arid climate with intense dryness and very high evaporation rates. The water requirements of the Oued Righ region are provided by groundwater resources contained in the two aquifers: the complex terminal and the deeper confined continental intercalaire aquifer. Methods: Twenty-seven samples were taken in November 2010 and April 2012; Water samples were analyzed for major and minor dissolved chemical constituents. Results: Samples collected from the CI aquifer are characterized by high temperatures varying from 40°C to 60°C and conductivities of 2110 to 3370 µS/ cm. The total dissolved solids (TDS) of the thermal waters range from 1488 to 5480 mg/l. The waters are generally of sodium and magnesium sulfated and sodium chlorinated types. The results of mineral equilibrium modeling indicate that the thermal waters of Oued Righ are undersaturated with respect to evaporite minerals and oversaturated or nearly in equilibrium with respect to dolomite, calcite, and aragonite. This paper presents ternary diagrams of Na-K-Mg 1/2 and Cl-SO 4-HCO 3 and a calculation model, which allows location of geothermal water with the two diagrams, involving knowledge of their chemical composition. Conclusions: Groundwater in the Albian aquifer of Oued Righ shows a change in its chemical properties between the two sampling periods, resulting from water-rock interactions and mixing processes.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2022
De nos jours, une agriculture intensive voulant répondre aux besoins d'une population croissante ... more De nos jours, une agriculture intensive voulant répondre aux besoins d'une population croissante est imputable à l'usage de pesticides chimiques de synthèse dont on voudrait cerner les pratiques pour minimiser les risques sanitaires et environnementaux. Ainsi, une enquête visant les pratiques phytosanitaires a été conduite auprès d'agriculteurs au Ziban. Aussi, l'index phytosanitaire algérien de 2007 et 2 bases de données ont été sollicités : PPDB et BPDB. Environ 105 spécialités commerciales ont été rapportées, ces dernières, correspondaient à 60 Substances actives appartenant à environ 28 familles chimiques. Aussi, >1/3 des agriculteurs ne portaient aucun équipement de protection individuelle (EPI). Les restes de cuve et l'eau de rinçage des réservoirs sont déversés à même le sol dans 78% et 95% des cas respectivement. Un référentiel des bonnes pratiques phytosanitaires doit être élaboré et adopté par les agriculteurs pour minimiser les risques sanitaires, et le transfert des pesticides vers les matrices environnementales.
National authorized pesticides used in agriculture are one hot spot issue to human health especia... more National authorized pesticides used in agriculture are one hot spot issue to human health especially for those working in the field. The aim of this study is to evaluate the health problems of authorized pesticides. Risk assessment was evaluated by 1) Toxicological classification of the WHO, and 2) Bio-Pesticides Database (BPDB) and Pesticide Properties Data Base (PPDB). The 2015 Algerian index of phytosanitary products used in agriculture includes 173 active ingredients (IAs) belonging to 83 chemical groups represented by 757 commercial formulations (CF) categorized into: 36% fungicides, 29% insecticides and 22% herbicides. One-third of the AIs are not approved according to EC 91/414 directive. Otherwise, only 3% and 6% of AIs are classified as extremely and highly hazardous respectively. About 47%, 37% and 30% of IAs can cause eye, skin and respiratory tract irritation respectively while approximately 32%, 13%, 10% and 8% of AIs can have/be reproductive and/or developmental effects, neurotoxic effects, cholinesterase inhibitors and endocrine disruptors respectively when only 5% and almost 3% of AIs are carcinogenic and mutagenic, respectively. It is essential to periodically update the list of authorized pesticides at national level in accordance with international legislation and bans. On the other hand, farmers must be aware of the health risks due to each AI to which they are exposed. Also, farmers must wear personal protective equipment (PPE). On the other hand, continuous epidemiological studies aimed primarily at farmers and their families must be carried out and the results of these studies must be accessible to researchers.
Chemical industry growth has a crucial role in socioeconomic development. However, colossal amoun... more Chemical industry growth has a crucial role in socioeconomic development. However, colossal amounts of toxic effluents are created as a result of manufacturing activity. Dyes, extensively used as a coloring agents in wide range of industrial activities in particular textiles, contributes significantly to wastewater discharges. More than 7 × 10 5 tons of synthetic dyes are produced annually across the world and 10-15% are wasted throughout dyeing process. Long-stand of those pollutants in water causes environmental pollution and damage aquatic life. Therefore, finding a reliable and practical solutions to mitigate these harmful hazards becomes a necessicity.
La region des Zibans connait une forte dynamique agricole s'appuyant sur ces potentialites na... more La region des Zibans connait une forte dynamique agricole s'appuyant sur ces potentialites naturelles (hydriques, climatiques, edaphiques…), et impulsee par les differents programmes agricoles des trois dernieres decennies. Ces derniers sont a l'origine de l'introduction de nouveau systemes de production notamment des cultures sous abris serre qui ont pris un essor capitale dans toute la region des Ziban en general, et tres particulierement au niveau d'El-Ghrous. Certes ces produits contribuent (...)
In southern Mediterranean countries, little is known about pesticide inputs under greenhouses, an... more In southern Mediterranean countries, little is known about pesticide inputs under greenhouses, and use is rarely compared with the actual content in the soil. The contamination of agricultural soils by pesticides in the Ziban region (Algeria) was studied by comparing field surveys (farmers, sellers) and direct observations (pesticides packaging) with results of a soil multi-residue analysis using chromatography (liquid and gas) and mass spectrometry detection. Twelve soil samples (six locations at two depths) under tomato greenhouses in six localities (M’Ziraa, Sidi Okba, Ain Naga, El Ghrous, Doucen, and Lioua) were analyzed. The number of active ingredients reported by respondents and observations reached 71 AIs belonging to 34 chemical groups. Despite the wide range of AIs declared to be used by farmers, four other (unexpected) AIs have been identified and quantified by chromatographic analyzes: azinphos-methyl (AZM) (organophosphate), methyl-parathion (organophosphate), and the m...
In this work, we have conducted a physicochemical study that assesses the impact of agricultural ... more In this work, we have conducted a physicochemical study that assesses the impact of agricultural activities and urban domestic wastewater on the surface water quality of the dam reservoir Mexa in the area of El-Taref, which is located in the eastern coastal basin of Constantine. 36 samplings have been conducted for three years (2010, 2011 and 2012), at the rate of one sampling per month on the dam reservoir water; 36 samples have been analysed. The samples taken have been subjected to an in situ measurement of physicochemical parameters (temperature, hydrogen potential, electric conductivity and dissolved oxygen) and laboratory analysis (anions, cations, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, organic matter, phosphate, nitrate, nitrite and ammonium). Concentrations of various organic and inorganic pollutants varied from one month to another and from one year to another. From a temporal point of view, the contamination of water of the dam reservoir Mexa varies according to...
Le travail constitue une contribution à la détermination des aquifères et de leurs extensions afi... more Le travail constitue une contribution à la détermination des aquifères et de leurs extensions afin de proposer un mode de gestion des eaux à la ville de Biskra face à la demande en eau et aux effets des changements climatiques et anthropiques (construction des barrages). La méconnaissance des aquifères (extension, lithologie et sollicitations) peut dérouter les gestionnaires de la ressource en eau. Aussi avons nous exploité les résultats des études géophysiques, géologiques et hydrogéologiques réalisées au niveau de la wilaya de Biskra...
Background: The area of Oued Righ is one of the important geothermal areas in northeastern Algeri... more Background: The area of Oued Righ is one of the important geothermal areas in northeastern Algerian Sahara. It is characterized by a hot arid climate with intense dryness and very high evaporation rates. The water requirements of the Oued Righ region are provided by groundwater resources contained in the two aquifers: the complex terminal and the deeper confined continental intercalaire aquifer. Methods: Twenty-seven samples were taken in November 2010 and April 2012; Water samples were analyzed for major and minor dissolved chemical constituents. Results: Samples collected from the CI aquifer are characterized by high temperatures varying from 40°C to 60°C and conductivities of 2110 to 3370 µS/ cm. The total dissolved solids (TDS) of the thermal waters range from 1488 to 5480 mg/l. The waters are generally of sodium and magnesium sulfated and sodium chlorinated types. The results of mineral equilibrium modeling indicate that the thermal waters of Oued Righ are undersaturated with respect to evaporite minerals and oversaturated or nearly in equilibrium with respect to dolomite, calcite, and aragonite. This paper presents ternary diagrams of Na-K-Mg 1/2 and Cl-SO 4 -HCO 3 and a calculation model, which allows location of geothermal water with the two diagrams, involving knowledge of their chemical composition. Conclusions: Groundwater in the Albian aquifer of Oued Righ shows a change in its chemical properties between the two sampling periods, resulting from water-rock interactions and mixing processes.
Journal of Water and Land Development, Sep 26, 2017
In this work, we have conducted a physicochemical study that assesses the impact of agricultural ... more In this work, we have conducted a physicochemical study that assesses the impact of agricultural activities and urban domestic wastewater on the surface water quality of the dam reservoir Mexa in the area of El-Taref, which is located in the eastern coastal basin of Constantine. 36 samplings have been conducted for three years (2010, 2011 and 2012), at the rate of one sampling per month on the dam reservoir water; 36 samples have been analysed. The samples taken have been subjected to an in situ measurement of physicochemical parameters (temperature, hydrogen potential, electric conductivity and dissolved oxygen) and laboratory analysis (anions, cations, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, organic matter, phosphate, nitrate, nitrite and ammonium). Concentrations of various organic and inorganic pollutants varied from one month to another and from one year to another. From a temporal point of view, the contamination of water of the dam reservoir Mexa varies according to climatic conditions, being generally low during the winter period and high during the low-flow periods. The results obtained reveal that water of the dam reservoir Mexa is fairly contaminated. It is certain that the dam reservoir is subject to pollution of agricultural and urban origin.
Background: The area of Oued Righ is one of the important geothermal areas in northeastern Algeri... more Background: The area of Oued Righ is one of the important geothermal areas in northeastern Algerian Sahara. It is characterized by a hot arid climate with intense dryness and very high evaporation rates. The water requirements of the Oued Righ region are provided by groundwater resources contained in the two aquifers: the complex terminal and the deeper confined continental intercalaire aquifer. Methods: Twenty-seven samples were taken in November 2010 and April 2012; Water samples were analyzed for major and minor dissolved chemical constituents. Results: Samples collected from the CI aquifer are characterized by high temperatures varying from 40°C to 60°C and conductivities of 2110 to 3370 µS/ cm. The total dissolved solids (TDS) of the thermal waters range from 1488 to 5480 mg/l. The waters are generally of sodium and magnesium sulfated and sodium chlorinated types. The results of mineral equilibrium modeling indicate that the thermal waters of Oued Righ are undersaturated with respect to evaporite minerals and oversaturated or nearly in equilibrium with respect to dolomite, calcite, and aragonite. This paper presents ternary diagrams of Na-K-Mg 1/2 and Cl-SO 4-HCO 3 and a calculation model, which allows location of geothermal water with the two diagrams, involving knowledge of their chemical composition. Conclusions: Groundwater in the Albian aquifer of Oued Righ shows a change in its chemical properties between the two sampling periods, resulting from water-rock interactions and mixing processes.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2022
De nos jours, une agriculture intensive voulant répondre aux besoins d'une population croissante ... more De nos jours, une agriculture intensive voulant répondre aux besoins d'une population croissante est imputable à l'usage de pesticides chimiques de synthèse dont on voudrait cerner les pratiques pour minimiser les risques sanitaires et environnementaux. Ainsi, une enquête visant les pratiques phytosanitaires a été conduite auprès d'agriculteurs au Ziban. Aussi, l'index phytosanitaire algérien de 2007 et 2 bases de données ont été sollicités : PPDB et BPDB. Environ 105 spécialités commerciales ont été rapportées, ces dernières, correspondaient à 60 Substances actives appartenant à environ 28 familles chimiques. Aussi, >1/3 des agriculteurs ne portaient aucun équipement de protection individuelle (EPI). Les restes de cuve et l'eau de rinçage des réservoirs sont déversés à même le sol dans 78% et 95% des cas respectivement. Un référentiel des bonnes pratiques phytosanitaires doit être élaboré et adopté par les agriculteurs pour minimiser les risques sanitaires, et le transfert des pesticides vers les matrices environnementales.
National authorized pesticides used in agriculture are one hot spot issue to human health especia... more National authorized pesticides used in agriculture are one hot spot issue to human health especially for those working in the field. The aim of this study is to evaluate the health problems of authorized pesticides. Risk assessment was evaluated by 1) Toxicological classification of the WHO, and 2) Bio-Pesticides Database (BPDB) and Pesticide Properties Data Base (PPDB). The 2015 Algerian index of phytosanitary products used in agriculture includes 173 active ingredients (IAs) belonging to 83 chemical groups represented by 757 commercial formulations (CF) categorized into: 36% fungicides, 29% insecticides and 22% herbicides. One-third of the AIs are not approved according to EC 91/414 directive. Otherwise, only 3% and 6% of AIs are classified as extremely and highly hazardous respectively. About 47%, 37% and 30% of IAs can cause eye, skin and respiratory tract irritation respectively while approximately 32%, 13%, 10% and 8% of AIs can have/be reproductive and/or developmental effects, neurotoxic effects, cholinesterase inhibitors and endocrine disruptors respectively when only 5% and almost 3% of AIs are carcinogenic and mutagenic, respectively. It is essential to periodically update the list of authorized pesticides at national level in accordance with international legislation and bans. On the other hand, farmers must be aware of the health risks due to each AI to which they are exposed. Also, farmers must wear personal protective equipment (PPE). On the other hand, continuous epidemiological studies aimed primarily at farmers and their families must be carried out and the results of these studies must be accessible to researchers.
Chemical industry growth has a crucial role in socioeconomic development. However, colossal amoun... more Chemical industry growth has a crucial role in socioeconomic development. However, colossal amounts of toxic effluents are created as a result of manufacturing activity. Dyes, extensively used as a coloring agents in wide range of industrial activities in particular textiles, contributes significantly to wastewater discharges. More than 7 × 10 5 tons of synthetic dyes are produced annually across the world and 10-15% are wasted throughout dyeing process. Long-stand of those pollutants in water causes environmental pollution and damage aquatic life. Therefore, finding a reliable and practical solutions to mitigate these harmful hazards becomes a necessicity.
La region des Zibans connait une forte dynamique agricole s'appuyant sur ces potentialites na... more La region des Zibans connait une forte dynamique agricole s'appuyant sur ces potentialites naturelles (hydriques, climatiques, edaphiques…), et impulsee par les differents programmes agricoles des trois dernieres decennies. Ces derniers sont a l'origine de l'introduction de nouveau systemes de production notamment des cultures sous abris serre qui ont pris un essor capitale dans toute la region des Ziban en general, et tres particulierement au niveau d'El-Ghrous. Certes ces produits contribuent (...)
In southern Mediterranean countries, little is known about pesticide inputs under greenhouses, an... more In southern Mediterranean countries, little is known about pesticide inputs under greenhouses, and use is rarely compared with the actual content in the soil. The contamination of agricultural soils by pesticides in the Ziban region (Algeria) was studied by comparing field surveys (farmers, sellers) and direct observations (pesticides packaging) with results of a soil multi-residue analysis using chromatography (liquid and gas) and mass spectrometry detection. Twelve soil samples (six locations at two depths) under tomato greenhouses in six localities (M’Ziraa, Sidi Okba, Ain Naga, El Ghrous, Doucen, and Lioua) were analyzed. The number of active ingredients reported by respondents and observations reached 71 AIs belonging to 34 chemical groups. Despite the wide range of AIs declared to be used by farmers, four other (unexpected) AIs have been identified and quantified by chromatographic analyzes: azinphos-methyl (AZM) (organophosphate), methyl-parathion (organophosphate), and the m...
In this work, we have conducted a physicochemical study that assesses the impact of agricultural ... more In this work, we have conducted a physicochemical study that assesses the impact of agricultural activities and urban domestic wastewater on the surface water quality of the dam reservoir Mexa in the area of El-Taref, which is located in the eastern coastal basin of Constantine. 36 samplings have been conducted for three years (2010, 2011 and 2012), at the rate of one sampling per month on the dam reservoir water; 36 samples have been analysed. The samples taken have been subjected to an in situ measurement of physicochemical parameters (temperature, hydrogen potential, electric conductivity and dissolved oxygen) and laboratory analysis (anions, cations, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, organic matter, phosphate, nitrate, nitrite and ammonium). Concentrations of various organic and inorganic pollutants varied from one month to another and from one year to another. From a temporal point of view, the contamination of water of the dam reservoir Mexa varies according to...
Le travail constitue une contribution à la détermination des aquifères et de leurs extensions afi... more Le travail constitue une contribution à la détermination des aquifères et de leurs extensions afin de proposer un mode de gestion des eaux à la ville de Biskra face à la demande en eau et aux effets des changements climatiques et anthropiques (construction des barrages). La méconnaissance des aquifères (extension, lithologie et sollicitations) peut dérouter les gestionnaires de la ressource en eau. Aussi avons nous exploité les résultats des études géophysiques, géologiques et hydrogéologiques réalisées au niveau de la wilaya de Biskra...
Background: The area of Oued Righ is one of the important geothermal areas in northeastern Algeri... more Background: The area of Oued Righ is one of the important geothermal areas in northeastern Algerian Sahara. It is characterized by a hot arid climate with intense dryness and very high evaporation rates. The water requirements of the Oued Righ region are provided by groundwater resources contained in the two aquifers: the complex terminal and the deeper confined continental intercalaire aquifer. Methods: Twenty-seven samples were taken in November 2010 and April 2012; Water samples were analyzed for major and minor dissolved chemical constituents. Results: Samples collected from the CI aquifer are characterized by high temperatures varying from 40°C to 60°C and conductivities of 2110 to 3370 µS/ cm. The total dissolved solids (TDS) of the thermal waters range from 1488 to 5480 mg/l. The waters are generally of sodium and magnesium sulfated and sodium chlorinated types. The results of mineral equilibrium modeling indicate that the thermal waters of Oued Righ are undersaturated with respect to evaporite minerals and oversaturated or nearly in equilibrium with respect to dolomite, calcite, and aragonite. This paper presents ternary diagrams of Na-K-Mg 1/2 and Cl-SO 4 -HCO 3 and a calculation model, which allows location of geothermal water with the two diagrams, involving knowledge of their chemical composition. Conclusions: Groundwater in the Albian aquifer of Oued Righ shows a change in its chemical properties between the two sampling periods, resulting from water-rock interactions and mixing processes.
Uploads
Papers by warda Chaib