Papers by Carlos Martinez
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 1962
Nature, 1964
Either your web browser doesn't support Javascript or it is currently turned off. In the lat... more Either your web browser doesn't support Javascript or it is currently turned off. In the latter case, please turn on Javascript support in your web browser and reload this page. ... FACILITATION OF HOST LYMPHOID TISSUE DEVELOPMENT IN NEONATALLY THYMECTOMIZED ...
Journal of the American Chemical Society, 2005
We present a method for controlled deposition of polyaniline from colloidal suspensions. Stable s... more We present a method for controlled deposition of polyaniline from colloidal suspensions. Stable suspensions of polyaniline colloids (∼115 nm in diameter) were formed by dispersing polyaniline/formic acid solution into acetonitrile. It was demonstrated that the positively charged polyaniline colloids can be electrophoretically deposited onto various substrate materials such as platinum and ITO, forming continuous ultrathin films. We examined the film morphology, as well as the effects of process parameters, such as deposition time, colloid concentration, and applied voltage, on the deposition efficiency. Furthermore, the efficacy of the technique was illustrated by electrophoretically patterning polyaniline thin films onto selected individual micrometer-scale sensing elements within a microfabricated sensor array, and by further demonstrating its sensitivity to gaseous analytes including water and methanol.
Journal of Experimental Medicine, 1967
1. Mice of A and C57BL/6 Ks strains, thymectomized at birth acquire wasting disease in 84.1% (A) ... more 1. Mice of A and C57BL/6 Ks strains, thymectomized at birth acquire wasting disease in 84.1% (A) and 77.1% (C57BL/6 Ks) of the cases. There is no sex predelection. 2. Anemia in these animals is characterized by shortened red cell survival and increased fragility to hypotonic salt solutions. Among thymectomized A mice reticulocytosis is absent and extramedullary hematopoiesis is found in the spleen in the presence of bone marrow hypoplasia for the erythroid and lymphocyte series. 3. Positive antiglobulin tests of the red cells were observed in all the thymectomized C57BL/6 Ks (7/7) and 71.2% of the A strains (62/87). Normal mice do not show positive Coombs' tests. 4. The globulin coat on the A strain consists of IgM, whereas ß1C and IgG are not detectable. By contrast, red cell coats of NZB mice developing spontaneous autoimmune hemolytic anemia show IgM and ß1C, but these erythrocytes do not react with anti-gamma chain antibodies. Another difference in the globulin coats of the ...
Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, 2004
Thin Films. [Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters 7, H44 (2004)]. Guofeng Li, Carlos Martinez,... more Thin Films. [Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters 7, H44 (2004)]. Guofeng Li, Carlos Martinez, Jiří Janata, J. Anthony Smith, Mira Josowicz, Steve Semancik. Abstract. ... S. Han, AL Briseno, X. Shi, D. Mah, and F. Zhou, J. Phys. Chem. B, 106, 6465 (2002). ...
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2006
The inducton of immunologic tolerance of allogeneic skin grafts in adult inbred mice has, to date... more The inducton of immunologic tolerance of allogeneic skin grafts in adult inbred mice has, to date, been achieved by pretreatment of recipients with large doses of material specific to the donor strain, either viable cells or subcellular particles.'-5 Immunologic unresponsiveness to protein and polysaccharide antigens has been obtained by pretreatment with antigens, inducing a tolerant state specific to the test antigena6-10 A theory of tolerance induction dealing with the suppression of specific clones of lymphoid cells has considered this phenomenon as basic to understanding the tolerant state." Competition of antigens is a term used to describe an increasing suppression of the antibody responses to one antigen by pretreatment with increasing dosages of another just prior to immunization with the former.12-15 Competition of this type has been described in several species, and in most instances, to date, has not been reciprocal.16J7 The work herein described extends evidence for competition among antigens to inbred mice, a species in which only a few previous studies on this subject have been performed. We have found that: (1) five heterogeneous antigens, injected almost simultaneously in large doses, mutually suppress antibody responses to each other; ( 2 ) homotransplantation antigens present on viable lymphoid cells, when added to this system, act in a supplementary fashion to suppress serologic responses to certain of the other antigens even further; ( 3 ) conversely, transplantation immunity, as manifested by graft-versus-host reactions, and in preliminary studies also by skin homografts, can be suppressed by introducing large doses of other antigens presumably unrelated to the transplantation antigens. The experiments reported here were undertaken to test whether: (1) lymphoreticular cells in the inbred mouse can be channeled to certain pathways of immunologic response to the exclusion of other pathways, and ( 2 ) if the cells of this system, once directed by heterogeneous antigenic stimulation, can respond with normal vigor to the stimulus of transplantation antigens. We have found that graft-versus-host reactions and graft-host interactionsls can be inhibited if the donor lymphoreticular cells are taken from animals previously stimulated with five heterogeneous indifferent antigens, which suggests that tolerance induction to allogeneic skin grafts might be achieved with this model.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2006
The work reported here is the natural outgrowth of earlier experiments from our laboratories desi... more The work reported here is the natural outgrowth of earlier experiments from our laboratories designed to study the development of immunological tolerance to tissue grafts (skin grafts) in the adult animal. This was first achieved by experiments in mice involving weak sex-linked and non-H-2 histocompatibility barriers, by the injection of viable spleen cells and by parabiosi~.'.~ Subsequently, these techniques were extended to induce successfully immunological tolerance to skin grafts in adult mice across the strong (H-2) histocompatibility b a r ~ i e r . ~ ~ Similar observations have been made by other investigators."* These findings have, in our minds, tended to stress the basic similarities of various experimental techniques employed to induce immunological tolerance, regardless of age or source of the antigen, and have pointed out the importance of the quantitative relationship between antigen and the reacting lympho-reticular cell mass as one of the factors affecting the development of tolerance in many of these experimental models. The next step has been to study the induction of tolerance to skin grafts in the adult animal by the injection of cell-free antigenic material of donor origin. Stimulated initially by the reports of Billingham and Silvers,15 Linder" and later by Medawar," experiments were performed confirming these observations in regard to the weak sex-linked histocompatibility barrier and extending them by demonstrating that weak (non-H-2) and strong (H-2) barriers in the inbred mouse can be breached as well by this technique although with progressively greater d i f f i c ~ l t y . ' ~ ' ' ~ I t was further seen that, in contrast to tolerance induced with viable donor spleen cell injection, the tolerance induced by the injection of cell-free disrupted donor spleen could not be transferred to nontolerant syngeneic newborn recipients. Finally, it was shown that subcellular fractions were effective in inducing tolerance to syngeneic male skin grafts in the sex-linked histocompatibility barrier. 19
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Papers by Carlos Martinez