Papers by Boudraa Boudraa
Radiation oncology (London, England), Jan 5, 2014
BackgroundTo evaluate the clinical features, treatment results, prognostic factors and late toxic... more BackgroundTo evaluate the clinical features, treatment results, prognostic factors and late toxicities of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in children and adolescents.MethodsBetween January 1990 and January 2011, 158 NPC patients younger than 20 years old were treated in our institution, and the patient¿s clinical characteristics, treatment modalities, outcomes and prognostic factors were retrospectively analyzed.ResultsThere were 9 (5.7%) patients in stage II, 60 (38.0%) in stage III and 89 (56.3%) in stage IV according to the UICC2002 staging system. Neck mass (32.3%), headache (21.5%) and nasal obstruction (15.2%) were the most common chief complaints. With a median follow-up time of 62.5 months (range 2.0-225.0 months), the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate, local-regional control (LRC) rate and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) rate were 82.6%,94.9% and 76.4%, respectively. There were 43 (27.2%) patients failed during the follow up, with seven local-regional recurrences and 38 di...
Speech coders operating at low bit rates necessitate efficient encoding of the linear predictive ... more Speech coders operating at low bit rates necessitate efficient encoding of the linear predictive coding (LPC) coefficients. Line spectral Frequencies (LSF) parameters are currently one of the most efficient choices of transmission parameters for the LPC coefficients. In this paper, an optimized trellis coded vector quantization (TCVQ) scheme for encoding the LSF parameters is developed. When the selection of a proper distortion measure is the most important issue in the design and operation of the encoder, an appropriate weighted distance measure has been used during the TCVQ construction process. Using this distance, we will show that our LSF TCVQ encoder performs better than the encoder conceived with the unweighted distance.
Uploads
Papers by Boudraa Boudraa