Conference Presentations by Boris R . German
9th Paneth Kolloquium, at: Noerdlingen, Germany, 2021
This paper shows the cardinal difference between the alleged airburst over Tall el-Hammam - a Mid... more This paper shows the cardinal difference between the alleged airburst over Tall el-Hammam - a Middle Bronze Age city in the Jordan Valley near the Dead Sea - and the 1908 Tunguska event.
9th Paneth Kolloquium (Germany), at: Noerdlingen, Germany, 2021
In the article [Ginneken, M. et al. (2021), doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abc1008.] claimed that the partic... more In the article [Ginneken, M. et al. (2021), doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abc1008.] claimed that the particles found in the Walnumfjelled, East Antarctica testify to the unique explosive decay of the asteroid at an altitude that was not previously characteristic of asteroid decays/explosions. However, many arguments suggest that the detected particles may belong to volcanoes hidden by ice in this area of Antarctica. This thesis provides relevant arguments.
European Planetary Science Congress, 2021
The 1908 Tunguska event was not related to the Earth's collision with a comet/asteroid and could ... more The 1908 Tunguska event was not related to the Earth's collision with a comet/asteroid and could be most probably a tectonic event caused by solar-lunar-terrestrial perturbances. The evidence: 1. The polarization effect 'spread' from the lower to the upper atmosphere, and not vice versa, as would be expected in the case of the penetration of comet matter. 2. Before the Tunguska explosion on June 30, the appearance of luminous clouds over Europa. For asteroids and inactive comets, preceding airglows are impossible. In the case of an active comet with tails, astronomers would notice her in advance. Since the airglows of the Tunguska event were also observed in the cone of the Earth's shadow, they could not be caused, as is generally believed, by NLCs after the explosion of a comet/asteroid. 3. The Tunguska event was dependent on physical processes associated with the solar eclipse on June 28, 1908. This was indicated by geomagnetic pulsations in Kiel on June 27-30, 1908. 4. The seismogram recorded in Irkutsk on June 30, 1908, confirms the tectonic-volcanic earthquake. 5. No traces of the chondrite fraction of an alleged comet were found. 6. The Kulikovskiy paleovolcano had five stages of activity from the times of Siberian Flood Basalts (~252 Myr ago) to the 1908 explosion. All events were connected with the 'Perm LLSVPs Anomaly' located under Eurasia on the core-mantle boundary. 7. Moissanite formations, in layers of both the mud-volcanic phase (7320 years) and 1908, were found. Their genesis is the decisive factor for the 1908 Tunguska event's nature.
European Geosciences Union General Assembly, vEGU21: Gather Online, Copernicus Meeting, 2021
This article provides a new explanation of the Tunguska event of 1908.
The basis is the interpre... more This article provides a new explanation of the Tunguska event of 1908.
The basis is the interpretation of geomagnetic pulsations recorded in Kiel (Germany) on June 27-30, 1908, as well as atmospheric fluctuations recorded by English barograms on June 30, 1908.
EGU General Assembly , 2020
It is generally accepted that the Tunguska event in Siberia on 30 June, 1908 resulted from an exp... more It is generally accepted that the Tunguska event in Siberia on 30 June, 1908 resulted from an explosion of cosmic body. However, there is no common agreement that this bolide really existed. Moreover, registered ultra low frequency (ULF) magnetic oscillations in Kiel, Germany on 27-30 June 1908 [1] had a correlate with the 'acoustic halo' (ULF) of a solar flare [2].
Large low-shear velocity provinces (LLSVPs) are linked to so-called blobs located atop the Earth's outer core [3]. It was shown the Earth's D"-layer core-mantle boundary was perturbed by both the solar flare and an anomalous lunar-solar tide during the Tunguska 1908 event [2]. Therefore, gravitational/magnetic lunar-solar perturbations could have triggered a plume/hotspot/LIP activation by means of a LLSVPs convection.
It was suggested that planetary hotspots chains are interconnected [4, 5]. Indeed, during the Tunguska event brightest glows were observed over the Eifel volcano and more weak one over the Yellowstone volcano (both volcanoes are associated with hotspots) [5]. In addition, day by day a slowly lifting of the earth round the diabase stones was registered in Tasmania from 7 June till 29 June, 1908 [6]. This lifting was dependent from atmospheric temperature variations and terminated as soon as a blast took place in the caldera of Tunguska paleovolcano on 30 June, 1908 [5, 6]. Observations in Tasmania remained a mystery for a long time. Recently scientists discovery the Cosgrove hotspot had moved from Eastern Australia to Tasmania [7]. In our opinion, the Cosgrove did not lose its activity fully 9 My ago as previously assumed: the Darwin crater in Tasmania originated about of 803 ka years and large volume ejected glasses in/around this small crater contradicts to the impact origin [5, 8]. Therefore, we consider the underground activation of Cosgrove hotspot as a cause of surface uplift in Tasmania from 7 to 30 June 1908.
As in Tasmania, moving mantle hotspots were registered in Eastern Siberia [9]. Probably, hotspots in Tasmania (near Pacific LLSVPs) and in the Tunguska basin (near Perm LLSVPs) are interconnected. Because common hotspots thermal energy was released in/by the Tunguska paleovolcano explosion on 30 June 1908, the fluidal pressure of the Cosgrove hotspot under Tasmania was reduced, resulting in the termination of surface uplift. Since meteorites could not have caused the earth uplift in Tasmania, the impact hypothesis for the Tunguska phenomenon can be excluded. All data favor an endogenic origin of this event due to lunar-solar perturbations and the whole-mantle convection.
[1]. Weber L. (1908) Astronomische Nachrichten, 178, 23. [2]. German B. (2010) EPSC2010-430. [3]. Duncombe J. (2019) Eos, 100. [4]. Courtillot V. (1990) ISBN 9780813722474, 401. [5]. German B. (2019) ISBNs 9783981952605(in Russian)/9783981952612(in English). [6]. Scott H. (1908) Nature, 78(2025), 376. [7]. Davies D. (2015) Nature, 525, 511. [8]. Haines P. (2005) Australian Journal Earth Sciences, 52, 481. [9]. Rosen O. (2015) ISBN 9785902754954, 148.
European Planetary Science Congress. Rome, Italy, September 11-18. V. 5, P. 428., 2010
It is generally accepted that the Tunguska 1908 event resulted from the catastrophic disruption o... more It is generally accepted that the Tunguska 1908 event resulted from the catastrophic disruption of a comet or an asteroid. Nevertheless there is no common agreement that the meteor really existed. In our report we argue that the concept of dominant role of noctilucent (silvery) clouds or night-luminous clouds (abbreviation: NLCs) in the mechanism of airglows of the Tunguska phenomenon is erroneous and hence cannot support the cometary/asteroidal hypothesis any further.
European Planetary Science Congress. Rome, Italy, September 11-18, V. 5, P. 429., 2010
A new hypothesis for explanation of airglows of the Tunguska 1908 explosion as ionospheric spread... more A new hypothesis for explanation of airglows of the Tunguska 1908 explosion as ionospheric spread phenomena during tectonic events is presented.
European Planetary Science Congress. Rome, Italy, September 11-18. V. 5, P. 430. , 2010
It is generally accepted that the Tunguska explosion resulted from the disruption of cosmic body.... more It is generally accepted that the Tunguska explosion resulted from the disruption of cosmic body. Nevertheless all data favors a tectonic nature of the event.
Proceedings of ESA Atmospheric Science Conference. Barcelona, Spain, September 7-11. SP- 676, р. 18-26., 2009
Although already 100 years had passed after the Tun-guska event, the scientific community is stil... more Although already 100 years had passed after the Tun-guska event, the scientific community is still far from clear understanding of what happened in Siberia on 30 June, 1908. For three nights following the explosion in the Tun-guska area, skies over Eurasia were exceptionally bright; glows diminished rapidly thereafter. Recently, the Tunguska explosion was offered as an alternative reason for global warming which is observed today. However, we remind that a loss of synchronism of a trend of temperatures in both Hemispheres of the Earth was recorded only in the first decade after the Tunguska phenomenon. Similar changes in the trend of temperatures was not noted during all the following 10-year periods. We prove that silvery clouds were not major luminescences during the Tunguska event. Therefore , we assert that changes in water balance in the atmosphere after the Tunguska catastrophe could not be the crucial factor affecting global warming.
German, B.R. (2019) The Martian blueberries and Earth tektites. Paneth Kolloquium, Nördlingen (Germany), abstract URL: http://www.paneth.eu/PanethKolloquium/2019/0067.pdf (abstract #0067)., 2019
Enigmatic discoveries made by the Mars Rover
Opportunity at the Meridiani Planum landing site are... more Enigmatic discoveries made by the Mars Rover
Opportunity at the Meridiani Planum landing site are
so-called 'blueberries spherules' [1]. They show
similarities to terrestrial tektites, and in addition,
strong spectral signature of hematite [1]. We assume
that the formation mechanism of 'blueberries' is
related to dense (rheo)ignimbrite currents, analogous
to the formation of Earth's tektites [2]. Taking into
account the Сoriolis force on Mars [3], a distal
ignimbrite volcano can a cause of 'blueberries'[4]. As
well as 'blueberries' on Mars, so-called 'red stones' in
the Ries crater are associated with mantle hematites
[4]. The double-layer ejecta and distinctions between
inner and outer suevites in the Ries crater can be
explained by blasts of anisotropic laminated mantlecrust
layers beneath SW Germany since the
lowermost Moldanubian Ostrong zone comprises [5]
ancient ignimbrites (it points to volcanic blasts in the
past). Thus, as in the Ries crater, double-layer ejecta
of Mars craters are most likely not impactites [4].
[1] DiGregorio, B. (2004) SPIE 5555, 139. [2] German, B.
(2019) EPSC-DPS Abstr. #1096. [3] Wrobel, K. & Shultz,
P. (2004) JGR 109, E5. [4] German, B. (2019) ISBNs:
97839819526-05(russ.)/-12 (engl.), 164 p. [5] Miyazaki, T.
et al. (2016) J. Mineral. Petrol. Sci. 111, 405.
Paneth Kolloquium, Nördlingen (Germany), abstract URL: http://www.paneth.eu/PanethKolloquium/2019/0066.pdf (abstract #0066)., 2019
The difference in both ε53Cr and ε54Cr isotope ratios
between the Earth and meteorites, as author... more The difference in both ε53Cr and ε54Cr isotope ratios
between the Earth and meteorites, as authors of
method claimed, is only a direct observation that
'does not involve any models' [1]. However, ratios
deviations are possible because: (1) of the 53Mn
decay, (2) the 53Mn, and then 53Cr, can originate by
thermonuclear tests, (3) the proton effect on Fe adds
52Cr during deep earthquakes [2]. Deviations ε54Cr
are also possible since the synthesis in Supernova. In
1998, the Bosumtwi crater has been identified by the
ICP-OES as the source of chondrite traces in Ivory
tektite [1]. However, the ICP-OES plasma method
till 2000 was imprecise, hence it was impossible to
distinguish Cr (Fe, etc.) peaks due to interference
[2], and the precision ∼ 0.5ε since heating/cooling
plasma devices adds errors. The earth mantle could
be inhomogeneous since the primordial accretion of
chondrites mixture, etc. Both diamonds in the alluvia
in Ghana and chromite rich diamonds in kimberlites
of the Seguell area, Ivory coast [2] are indicators of
deep fluids. Thus, the Bosumtwi crater most likely is
endogenic, and the chondrite component in IVC-
3395 can be the result of an explosive obduction.
[1] Shukolyukov, A. et al. (2002), 33rd LPSC [2] German
B. (2019) ISBNs: 97839819526-05 (rus.)/-12 (eng.), 164p.
EPSC Abstracts Vol. 13, EPSC-DPS2019-1118-3, 2019 EPSC-DPS Joint Meeting, May 2019
In this thesis the origin of the Ries and the Steinheim craters is discussed. Since both the anci... more In this thesis the origin of the Ries and the Steinheim craters is discussed. Since both the ancient astenospheric uplift and tracks of the mantle plume under the Urach diatremes field are discovered [18], we assume that the hotspot of the plume could have moved from Urach towards the East through the Steinheim-Ries basin in Miocene. It could have been the reason for the craters origin in the same places.
EPSC Abstracts Vol. 13, EPSC-DPS2019-1096-3, 2019 EPSC-DPS Joint Meeting, 2019
There is still no agreement on the formation of the tektites. We make arguments for the reologica... more There is still no agreement on the formation of the tektites. We make arguments for the reological ignimbrite mechanism. It was shown by modeling [11] that the dense ignimbrite currents could be the source for deposits of the Ries crater. Moldavites are considered as distal deposits of the Ries crater. We assume both moldavites and other fields of tektites are connected with (reo)ignimbrite dense currents. Craters for separate zones of Australasian tektites can be different. Probably, one of them is the Toba volcano [6]. The source for the Muong Nong type tektites can be in Indochina and for south australites-volcanoes of the Cosgrove hotspot.
Books by Boris R . German
PHYSICS of the 1908 TUNGUSKA EVENT, ISBN 9783981952636, 2022
The new data in the book relate to unusual registrations during the 1908 Tunguska event, allowing... more The new data in the book relate to unusual registrations during the 1908 Tunguska event, allowing us with a high degree of probability to solve the legendary problem of the last century. For astro-and geophysicists and a wide range of readers interested in the problems of natural science.
Book (ISBN 9783981952629), 2021
В книге анализируются данные, касающиеся Тунгусского феномена в свете достижений науки последних ... more В книге анализируются данные, касающиеся Тунгусского феномена в свете достижений науки последних лет. В частности, акцентируется внимание на различии эффектов, вызванных Тунгусским феноменом летом 1908 г. и взрывом Челябинского астероида в феврале 2013 г. Несмотря на «назначение» в связи с Тунгусским феноменом 30 июня международным «Днем астероида», доказательств падения, взрыва и/или вообще как такового явления космического метеороида в Сибири до сих пор не предъявлено. Сотни экспедиций в предполагаемый эпицентр взрыва в поисках следов кометы или астероида так и не привели к желаемому результату. Гравитационные, электромагнитные и другие взаимодействия в системе Солнце – Луна – Земля в период солнечного затмения 28 июня 1908 г. позволяют приблизиться к решению проблемы прошлого века, которая до сих пор остается вызовом современной науке.
ISBN 9783981952605, Фрайбург, 1-е издание, 2019
В книге рассмотрены вопросы исследования земных
кратеров и происхождения тектитов на нашей планет... more В книге рассмотрены вопросы исследования земных
кратеров и происхождения тектитов на нашей планете.
Новые данные, связанные с необычными регистрациями на Тасмании в период Тунгусского феномена в 1908 г., с большой вероятностью позволяют решить его проблему.
В различных регионах Земли известны т.н. криптовзрывные структуры — линейные цепочки кратеров и полей диатрем, включая кимберлитовые. Долгое время их относили к эндогенным, но появилась и до сих пор доминирует метеоритно-ударная версия. Борьба доктрин длилась десятилетия, касаясь, в основном, известных структур: 1) кратеров Рис и Штайнхайм и соседнего с ними поля диатрем Урах, Германия; 2) кратеров и кимберлитовых полей структур Бушвельд—Вредефорт—Тромсбург, ЮАР; 3) кратеров Уэллс Крик и Хикс и диатрем поля Эйвон, США.
Поскольку кратер Рис связывают с удаленными от него молдавитами, решение проблемы криптовзрывных структур касается и тектитов.
Для астро- и геофизиков, а также широкого круга читателей, интересующихся метеоритами и планетологией.
ISBN 9783981952612, Freiburg Verlag, 9 illustrations, 136 p. , 2019
In the book, questions of Earth's craters exploration and origin of tektites on our planet are br... more In the book, questions of Earth's craters exploration and origin of tektites on our planet are brought up. It is shown that our knowledge in this field remains limited so far and demand revision of the data interpretation.
In the context of the Tunguska 1908 phenomenon, we suppose correlations between the Perm LLSVPs Anomaly and the explosion of paleovolcano in Siberia on 30 June 1908. We discuss magnetic pulsations in Kiel, Germany observed from 27 till 30 June 1908, a variation of gravitational constant during the solar eclipse on 28 June
1908, and the discrepancy of Moon longitude at the beginning of the 20th century. The non-typical registrations in Tasmania in the period of the Tunguska 1908 phenomenon and his connection with the Perm LLSVPs anomalies provide a highly probable solution to one of the greatest mysteries of the previous century.
For astro- and geophysicists and a wide range of readers who are interested in meteorites and planetology.
Papers by Boris R . German
019 © Publications Of Center For Computer Science, Mathematics, And Engineering Physics, Url: https://ccsmep.weebly.com , 2023
Near the Tunguska River in Siberian on 30 June 1908 occurred the explosion in/over the central ve... more Near the Tunguska River in Siberian on 30 June 1908 occurred the explosion in/over the central vent of a paleovolcano, which was associated with a mantle plume. The probability of such an exact hit in the volcanic target for comets/asteroids is close to zero. As a result of hundreds of expeditions to the disaster area, no craters or traces of cosmic substance corresponding to the explosion energy were found. Supporters of comet/asteroid hypotheses concluded that according to barograms and the fall of forest trees at the epicenter, the explosion over the Tunguska paleovolcano could have occurred 5-7 km above the surface. A fragile comet would not penetrate the Earth's atmosphere to such a depth, and an asteroid, in turn, would leave a 2-cm layer of own fragments on the ground [1]. I show that the reason for the 1908 Tunguska event was the joint activity of the Sun and the Moon, starting in the summer of 1907, and especially reinforced from 27 to 30 June 1908, including the time of the solar eclipse on 28 June 1908. The result was a tectonic earthquake of the entire East Siberian platform. This is confirmed, among other things, by registrations by Prof. Weber at the Kiel Observatory of magnetic pulsations from the Tunguska epicenter on 27-30 June 1908. Immersion of stones, i.e. the rise of the surface observed in Tasmania from the beginning of June 1908 and which ceased immediately after the explosion at Tunguska on the morning of 30 June, I attribute to the pressure of underground fluids/gases of the recently discovered Cosgrove's volcanoes in Tasmania. Comets or asteroids could not have caused the surface's uplift in Tasmania. Hence, the hypothesis of an explosion of a cosmic body during the 1908 Tunguska event can be excluded. The boundaries of the observed optical anomalies over Eurasia in the 1908 summer were connected and corresponded to the seismic Perm anomaly, which is located atop the Earth's outer core (LLSVPs Anomaly).
We have developed the hypothesis of connection between the Sun's activity and the Earth&apos... more We have developed the hypothesis of connection between the Sun's activity and the Earth's tectonics. Especially we pay attention to the Tunguska-1908 phenomenon and to the Iceland volcanoes. Some aspects of the de Vries solar cyclicity are discussed.
It is generally accepted that the Tunguska explosion resulted from the disruption of cosmic body.... more It is generally accepted that the Tunguska explosion resulted from the disruption of cosmic body. Nevertheless all data favors a tectonic nature of the event.
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Conference Presentations by Boris R . German
The basis is the interpretation of geomagnetic pulsations recorded in Kiel (Germany) on June 27-30, 1908, as well as atmospheric fluctuations recorded by English barograms on June 30, 1908.
Large low-shear velocity provinces (LLSVPs) are linked to so-called blobs located atop the Earth's outer core [3]. It was shown the Earth's D"-layer core-mantle boundary was perturbed by both the solar flare and an anomalous lunar-solar tide during the Tunguska 1908 event [2]. Therefore, gravitational/magnetic lunar-solar perturbations could have triggered a plume/hotspot/LIP activation by means of a LLSVPs convection.
It was suggested that planetary hotspots chains are interconnected [4, 5]. Indeed, during the Tunguska event brightest glows were observed over the Eifel volcano and more weak one over the Yellowstone volcano (both volcanoes are associated with hotspots) [5]. In addition, day by day a slowly lifting of the earth round the diabase stones was registered in Tasmania from 7 June till 29 June, 1908 [6]. This lifting was dependent from atmospheric temperature variations and terminated as soon as a blast took place in the caldera of Tunguska paleovolcano on 30 June, 1908 [5, 6]. Observations in Tasmania remained a mystery for a long time. Recently scientists discovery the Cosgrove hotspot had moved from Eastern Australia to Tasmania [7]. In our opinion, the Cosgrove did not lose its activity fully 9 My ago as previously assumed: the Darwin crater in Tasmania originated about of 803 ka years and large volume ejected glasses in/around this small crater contradicts to the impact origin [5, 8]. Therefore, we consider the underground activation of Cosgrove hotspot as a cause of surface uplift in Tasmania from 7 to 30 June 1908.
As in Tasmania, moving mantle hotspots were registered in Eastern Siberia [9]. Probably, hotspots in Tasmania (near Pacific LLSVPs) and in the Tunguska basin (near Perm LLSVPs) are interconnected. Because common hotspots thermal energy was released in/by the Tunguska paleovolcano explosion on 30 June 1908, the fluidal pressure of the Cosgrove hotspot under Tasmania was reduced, resulting in the termination of surface uplift. Since meteorites could not have caused the earth uplift in Tasmania, the impact hypothesis for the Tunguska phenomenon can be excluded. All data favor an endogenic origin of this event due to lunar-solar perturbations and the whole-mantle convection.
[1]. Weber L. (1908) Astronomische Nachrichten, 178, 23. [2]. German B. (2010) EPSC2010-430. [3]. Duncombe J. (2019) Eos, 100. [4]. Courtillot V. (1990) ISBN 9780813722474, 401. [5]. German B. (2019) ISBNs 9783981952605(in Russian)/9783981952612(in English). [6]. Scott H. (1908) Nature, 78(2025), 376. [7]. Davies D. (2015) Nature, 525, 511. [8]. Haines P. (2005) Australian Journal Earth Sciences, 52, 481. [9]. Rosen O. (2015) ISBN 9785902754954, 148.
Opportunity at the Meridiani Planum landing site are
so-called 'blueberries spherules' [1]. They show
similarities to terrestrial tektites, and in addition,
strong spectral signature of hematite [1]. We assume
that the formation mechanism of 'blueberries' is
related to dense (rheo)ignimbrite currents, analogous
to the formation of Earth's tektites [2]. Taking into
account the Сoriolis force on Mars [3], a distal
ignimbrite volcano can a cause of 'blueberries'[4]. As
well as 'blueberries' on Mars, so-called 'red stones' in
the Ries crater are associated with mantle hematites
[4]. The double-layer ejecta and distinctions between
inner and outer suevites in the Ries crater can be
explained by blasts of anisotropic laminated mantlecrust
layers beneath SW Germany since the
lowermost Moldanubian Ostrong zone comprises [5]
ancient ignimbrites (it points to volcanic blasts in the
past). Thus, as in the Ries crater, double-layer ejecta
of Mars craters are most likely not impactites [4].
[1] DiGregorio, B. (2004) SPIE 5555, 139. [2] German, B.
(2019) EPSC-DPS Abstr. #1096. [3] Wrobel, K. & Shultz,
P. (2004) JGR 109, E5. [4] German, B. (2019) ISBNs:
97839819526-05(russ.)/-12 (engl.), 164 p. [5] Miyazaki, T.
et al. (2016) J. Mineral. Petrol. Sci. 111, 405.
between the Earth and meteorites, as authors of
method claimed, is only a direct observation that
'does not involve any models' [1]. However, ratios
deviations are possible because: (1) of the 53Mn
decay, (2) the 53Mn, and then 53Cr, can originate by
thermonuclear tests, (3) the proton effect on Fe adds
52Cr during deep earthquakes [2]. Deviations ε54Cr
are also possible since the synthesis in Supernova. In
1998, the Bosumtwi crater has been identified by the
ICP-OES as the source of chondrite traces in Ivory
tektite [1]. However, the ICP-OES plasma method
till 2000 was imprecise, hence it was impossible to
distinguish Cr (Fe, etc.) peaks due to interference
[2], and the precision ∼ 0.5ε since heating/cooling
plasma devices adds errors. The earth mantle could
be inhomogeneous since the primordial accretion of
chondrites mixture, etc. Both diamonds in the alluvia
in Ghana and chromite rich diamonds in kimberlites
of the Seguell area, Ivory coast [2] are indicators of
deep fluids. Thus, the Bosumtwi crater most likely is
endogenic, and the chondrite component in IVC-
3395 can be the result of an explosive obduction.
[1] Shukolyukov, A. et al. (2002), 33rd LPSC [2] German
B. (2019) ISBNs: 97839819526-05 (rus.)/-12 (eng.), 164p.
Books by Boris R . German
кратеров и происхождения тектитов на нашей планете.
Новые данные, связанные с необычными регистрациями на Тасмании в период Тунгусского феномена в 1908 г., с большой вероятностью позволяют решить его проблему.
В различных регионах Земли известны т.н. криптовзрывные структуры — линейные цепочки кратеров и полей диатрем, включая кимберлитовые. Долгое время их относили к эндогенным, но появилась и до сих пор доминирует метеоритно-ударная версия. Борьба доктрин длилась десятилетия, касаясь, в основном, известных структур: 1) кратеров Рис и Штайнхайм и соседнего с ними поля диатрем Урах, Германия; 2) кратеров и кимберлитовых полей структур Бушвельд—Вредефорт—Тромсбург, ЮАР; 3) кратеров Уэллс Крик и Хикс и диатрем поля Эйвон, США.
Поскольку кратер Рис связывают с удаленными от него молдавитами, решение проблемы криптовзрывных структур касается и тектитов.
Для астро- и геофизиков, а также широкого круга читателей, интересующихся метеоритами и планетологией.
In the context of the Tunguska 1908 phenomenon, we suppose correlations between the Perm LLSVPs Anomaly and the explosion of paleovolcano in Siberia on 30 June 1908. We discuss magnetic pulsations in Kiel, Germany observed from 27 till 30 June 1908, a variation of gravitational constant during the solar eclipse on 28 June
1908, and the discrepancy of Moon longitude at the beginning of the 20th century. The non-typical registrations in Tasmania in the period of the Tunguska 1908 phenomenon and his connection with the Perm LLSVPs anomalies provide a highly probable solution to one of the greatest mysteries of the previous century.
For astro- and geophysicists and a wide range of readers who are interested in meteorites and planetology.
Papers by Boris R . German
The basis is the interpretation of geomagnetic pulsations recorded in Kiel (Germany) on June 27-30, 1908, as well as atmospheric fluctuations recorded by English barograms on June 30, 1908.
Large low-shear velocity provinces (LLSVPs) are linked to so-called blobs located atop the Earth's outer core [3]. It was shown the Earth's D"-layer core-mantle boundary was perturbed by both the solar flare and an anomalous lunar-solar tide during the Tunguska 1908 event [2]. Therefore, gravitational/magnetic lunar-solar perturbations could have triggered a plume/hotspot/LIP activation by means of a LLSVPs convection.
It was suggested that planetary hotspots chains are interconnected [4, 5]. Indeed, during the Tunguska event brightest glows were observed over the Eifel volcano and more weak one over the Yellowstone volcano (both volcanoes are associated with hotspots) [5]. In addition, day by day a slowly lifting of the earth round the diabase stones was registered in Tasmania from 7 June till 29 June, 1908 [6]. This lifting was dependent from atmospheric temperature variations and terminated as soon as a blast took place in the caldera of Tunguska paleovolcano on 30 June, 1908 [5, 6]. Observations in Tasmania remained a mystery for a long time. Recently scientists discovery the Cosgrove hotspot had moved from Eastern Australia to Tasmania [7]. In our opinion, the Cosgrove did not lose its activity fully 9 My ago as previously assumed: the Darwin crater in Tasmania originated about of 803 ka years and large volume ejected glasses in/around this small crater contradicts to the impact origin [5, 8]. Therefore, we consider the underground activation of Cosgrove hotspot as a cause of surface uplift in Tasmania from 7 to 30 June 1908.
As in Tasmania, moving mantle hotspots were registered in Eastern Siberia [9]. Probably, hotspots in Tasmania (near Pacific LLSVPs) and in the Tunguska basin (near Perm LLSVPs) are interconnected. Because common hotspots thermal energy was released in/by the Tunguska paleovolcano explosion on 30 June 1908, the fluidal pressure of the Cosgrove hotspot under Tasmania was reduced, resulting in the termination of surface uplift. Since meteorites could not have caused the earth uplift in Tasmania, the impact hypothesis for the Tunguska phenomenon can be excluded. All data favor an endogenic origin of this event due to lunar-solar perturbations and the whole-mantle convection.
[1]. Weber L. (1908) Astronomische Nachrichten, 178, 23. [2]. German B. (2010) EPSC2010-430. [3]. Duncombe J. (2019) Eos, 100. [4]. Courtillot V. (1990) ISBN 9780813722474, 401. [5]. German B. (2019) ISBNs 9783981952605(in Russian)/9783981952612(in English). [6]. Scott H. (1908) Nature, 78(2025), 376. [7]. Davies D. (2015) Nature, 525, 511. [8]. Haines P. (2005) Australian Journal Earth Sciences, 52, 481. [9]. Rosen O. (2015) ISBN 9785902754954, 148.
Opportunity at the Meridiani Planum landing site are
so-called 'blueberries spherules' [1]. They show
similarities to terrestrial tektites, and in addition,
strong spectral signature of hematite [1]. We assume
that the formation mechanism of 'blueberries' is
related to dense (rheo)ignimbrite currents, analogous
to the formation of Earth's tektites [2]. Taking into
account the Сoriolis force on Mars [3], a distal
ignimbrite volcano can a cause of 'blueberries'[4]. As
well as 'blueberries' on Mars, so-called 'red stones' in
the Ries crater are associated with mantle hematites
[4]. The double-layer ejecta and distinctions between
inner and outer suevites in the Ries crater can be
explained by blasts of anisotropic laminated mantlecrust
layers beneath SW Germany since the
lowermost Moldanubian Ostrong zone comprises [5]
ancient ignimbrites (it points to volcanic blasts in the
past). Thus, as in the Ries crater, double-layer ejecta
of Mars craters are most likely not impactites [4].
[1] DiGregorio, B. (2004) SPIE 5555, 139. [2] German, B.
(2019) EPSC-DPS Abstr. #1096. [3] Wrobel, K. & Shultz,
P. (2004) JGR 109, E5. [4] German, B. (2019) ISBNs:
97839819526-05(russ.)/-12 (engl.), 164 p. [5] Miyazaki, T.
et al. (2016) J. Mineral. Petrol. Sci. 111, 405.
between the Earth and meteorites, as authors of
method claimed, is only a direct observation that
'does not involve any models' [1]. However, ratios
deviations are possible because: (1) of the 53Mn
decay, (2) the 53Mn, and then 53Cr, can originate by
thermonuclear tests, (3) the proton effect on Fe adds
52Cr during deep earthquakes [2]. Deviations ε54Cr
are also possible since the synthesis in Supernova. In
1998, the Bosumtwi crater has been identified by the
ICP-OES as the source of chondrite traces in Ivory
tektite [1]. However, the ICP-OES plasma method
till 2000 was imprecise, hence it was impossible to
distinguish Cr (Fe, etc.) peaks due to interference
[2], and the precision ∼ 0.5ε since heating/cooling
plasma devices adds errors. The earth mantle could
be inhomogeneous since the primordial accretion of
chondrites mixture, etc. Both diamonds in the alluvia
in Ghana and chromite rich diamonds in kimberlites
of the Seguell area, Ivory coast [2] are indicators of
deep fluids. Thus, the Bosumtwi crater most likely is
endogenic, and the chondrite component in IVC-
3395 can be the result of an explosive obduction.
[1] Shukolyukov, A. et al. (2002), 33rd LPSC [2] German
B. (2019) ISBNs: 97839819526-05 (rus.)/-12 (eng.), 164p.
кратеров и происхождения тектитов на нашей планете.
Новые данные, связанные с необычными регистрациями на Тасмании в период Тунгусского феномена в 1908 г., с большой вероятностью позволяют решить его проблему.
В различных регионах Земли известны т.н. криптовзрывные структуры — линейные цепочки кратеров и полей диатрем, включая кимберлитовые. Долгое время их относили к эндогенным, но появилась и до сих пор доминирует метеоритно-ударная версия. Борьба доктрин длилась десятилетия, касаясь, в основном, известных структур: 1) кратеров Рис и Штайнхайм и соседнего с ними поля диатрем Урах, Германия; 2) кратеров и кимберлитовых полей структур Бушвельд—Вредефорт—Тромсбург, ЮАР; 3) кратеров Уэллс Крик и Хикс и диатрем поля Эйвон, США.
Поскольку кратер Рис связывают с удаленными от него молдавитами, решение проблемы криптовзрывных структур касается и тектитов.
Для астро- и геофизиков, а также широкого круга читателей, интересующихся метеоритами и планетологией.
In the context of the Tunguska 1908 phenomenon, we suppose correlations between the Perm LLSVPs Anomaly and the explosion of paleovolcano in Siberia on 30 June 1908. We discuss magnetic pulsations in Kiel, Germany observed from 27 till 30 June 1908, a variation of gravitational constant during the solar eclipse on 28 June
1908, and the discrepancy of Moon longitude at the beginning of the 20th century. The non-typical registrations in Tasmania in the period of the Tunguska 1908 phenomenon and his connection with the Perm LLSVPs anomalies provide a highly probable solution to one of the greatest mysteries of the previous century.
For astro- and geophysicists and a wide range of readers who are interested in meteorites and planetology.
We consider the Ries crater as not being originated from a meteorite impact due to several reasons.