Papers by Richard Bohannon
Journal of Manual & Manipulative Therapy, Mar 18, 2019
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe the reliability and validity of measurement... more Objectives: The purpose of this study was to describe the reliability and validity of measurements of cervical retraction strength obtained with a hand held dynamometer (HHD) from healthy adults. Background: Impaired neck muscle strength is related to neck pain, abnormal posture, and various cervical pathologies. While sophisticated devices to objectively measure neck strength exist, many are not practicable in typical orthopedic practices or have questionable validity and reliability. Methods: Forty participants were included in the analysis of neck strength using isometric testing with an HHD fixed in a cradle on a table top. The highest neck retraction force recorded in Newtons (N) for each participant, was used for data analysis. Results: Both intratester and intertester reliability were excellent as judged by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) (.885-.974) and minimal detectable change (MDC) (21.1 to 47.6 N). Validity was confirmed on the basis of expected gender and age differences (ie, men were stronger than women and younger participants were stronger than older participants). Conclusion: Fixed HHD is a reliable and valid tool for measuring isometric neck retraction strength in ostensibly healthy adults. Its value in the assessment of individuals with neck pathology awaits further examination.
Journal of Physical Therapy Science, 2022
The heel-raise test (HRT) is sometimes used to quantify ankle plantarflexion strength. However, d... more The heel-raise test (HRT) is sometimes used to quantify ankle plantarflexion strength. However, descriptions of the test vary and normative values are limited. This paper, therefore was generated to summarize procedures and provide normative values for the HRT in a younger and older age group of adults. [Methods] Electronic and hand searches were conducted to identify relevant literature. Meta-analysis was used to provide norms. [Results] Among 439 nonduplicative articles identified, 13 qualifying articles were ultimately included. Procedures for the HRT described in the studies varied considerably. The mean number of HRT repetitions was 28.7 for adults with a mean age less than 40 years and 11.8 for adults with a mean age greater than 60 years. [Conclusion] This study provides information on HRT performance and norms derived with them for younger and older adults.
Physical Therapy, 1986
This case report is about a manifesting carrier of Duchenne muscular dystrophy who participated i... more This case report is about a manifesting carrier of Duchenne muscular dystrophy who participated in a program of maximal concentric-eccentric manual resistance exercise three days each week for 12 weeks. As a consequence, she achieved mean strength increases exceeding 28% bilaterally. She also ceased falling, which she had been experiencing several times a month before beginning the exercise program.
Physical Therapy, 1986
Page 1. Citation Analysis of PHYSICAL THERAPY A Special Communication RICHARD W. BOHANNON and DEB... more Page 1. Citation Analysis of PHYSICAL THERAPY A Special Communication RICHARD W. BOHANNON and DEBORAH F. GIBSON Key Words: Bibliography, Documentation, Physical therapy. To obtain information relevant ...
Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 2001
Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 1987
This study describes objective upper extremity strength deficits in hemiplegic stroke patients on... more This study describes objective upper extremity strength deficits in hemiplegic stroke patients on initial and discharge assessment, and the relationship between these deficits and the time since onset. The static strength of ten different muscle groups had been measured bilaterally in patients (n = 24 to 58, depending on the muscle group), using a hand-held dynamometer. Strength deficits were calculated in relation to the nonparetic side of the body. Zero order correlations were calculated for strength deficit and time variables. Only the relationships between the strength deficits of the initial and discharge assessments were significant (p less than 0.01). These results suggest that the strength deficits of an initial assessment are the best predictors of strength deficits at discharge. This finding has implications for clinicians in clinical decision-making and in addressing patient expectations.
Topics in Geriatric Rehabilitation, 2007
Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 1991
International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 1988
Clinical Rehabilitation, 2009
Objective: To assess the effectiveness of positioning on range of motion of the paretic shoulder ... more Objective: To assess the effectiveness of positioning on range of motion of the paretic shoulder following stroke. Data sources: We searched PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, Science Citation Index, PEDro, Cochrane Controlled Trails Register and article reference lists. Review methods: Randomized controlled trials reporting range of motion outcomes of shoulder positioning programmes for patients with stroke were examined independently by the two authors. Studies reporting external rotation range of motion outcomes were abstracted and their quality was rated. Results: Five studies, all published in 2000 or later, were included. Shoulder external rotation range of motion was lost by control groups (mean = 11.0—18.4°) and experimental (positioning) groups (mean = 6.1° to 19.2 °) in every study. The standardized mean difference between groups was -0.216 (95% confidence interval -0.573 to 0.141). These findings and the demonstration of homogeneity between and within groups do not support positioni...
Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 1994
The clinical efficacy of the proton pump inhibitor pantoprazole has been compared with ranitidine... more The clinical efficacy of the proton pump inhibitor pantoprazole has been compared with ranitidine in a number of clinical studies in patients with either duodenal or gastric ulcer(s) or gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. A pooled analysis of five comparative trials in duodenal ulcer patients showed that healing rates with pantoprazole (40 mg/day) were significantly better than for ranitidine (300 mg/day) at both 2 (P < 0.001) and 4 weeks (P < 0.001). Data from case report forms in one of the studies showed that the improvement in pain relief at 2 weeks was also greater in patients receiving pantoprazole (80%) than
Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2011
Screening for Depression in Clinical Practice, which reviews the current body of knowledge on men... more Screening for Depression in Clinical Practice, which reviews the current body of knowledge on mental health screening in the medical setting, is a reference text written primarily for the consultation-liaison specialist, but it will be of use to the general psychiatrist and the interested primary care physician or medical specialist.
Isokinetics and exercise science
Although the validity of the sit-to-stand (STS) test as a measure of lower limb strength has been... more Although the validity of the sit-to-stand (STS) test as a measure of lower limb strength has been questioned, it is widely used as such among older adults. The purposes of this study were: 1) to describe five-repetition STS test (FRSTST) performance (time) by adolescents and adults and 2) to determine the relationship of isometric knee extension strength (force and torque), age, gender, weight, and stature with that performance. Participants were 111 female and 70 male (14-85 years) community-dwelling enrollees in the NIH Toolbox Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function. The FRSTST was conducted using a standard armless chair. Knee extension force was measured using a belt-stabilized hand-held dynamometer; knee extension torque was measured using a Biodex dynamometer. The mean times for the FRSTST ranged from 6.0 sec (20-29 years) to 10.8 sec (80-85 years). For both the entire sample and a sub-sample of participants 50-85 years, knee extension strength (r = -0.388 to -0.63...
Physical Therapy, 2007
Although a criterion reference of 10,000 steps per day is recommended for health benefits, a lite... more Although a criterion reference of 10,000 steps per day is recommended for health benefits, a literature search yielded no normative standard for daily steps. Therefore, a meta-analysis was used to estimate the number of pedometer-documented steps that adults take daily. Methods Studies were retrieved using electronic databases and cross-referencing from retrieved studies. A random-effects model and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used for all analyses of daily step data. Results Seventy-one outcomes, representing 6,199 subjects from 42 studies, met the inclusion criteria. Excluding Amish subjects, the daily step count averaged 9,448 (95% CIϭ8,899-9,996) and was greater in subjects younger than 65 years of age (meanϭ9,797, 95% CIϭ9,216-10,377) compared with subjects 65 years of age or older (meanϭ6,565, 95% CIϭ4,897-8,233). Discussion and Conclusion This study provides an estimate of the number of daily steps taken by adults. The number is less than the recommended 10,000 steps per day and is especially low in adults 65 years of age or older.
Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 1989
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Papers by Richard Bohannon