Papers by Bharani Alagirisamy
In the developing countries like India, waste water management remains the most important cause f... more In the developing countries like India, waste water management remains the most important cause for many pollution and disease spread due to poor sanitation. Grey water is the domestic waste water excluding toilet waste water gains attention in the present scenario for recycling and reuse. Application of this grey water after proper treatment can be put to many uses in urban areas thereby reducing the demand for fresh clean water. Treated grey water is well advocated in agriculture for crop cultivation. Of the total grey water generated in the country, 10% is contributed through kitchen waste water that accrues from households. Since these waste waters are low in contamination, treatment through any methods is possible and feasible for reuse. Regarding the chemical composition, grey water is very less in nitrogen levels than sewage waters. Unlike rainwater harvesting, grey water is not dependent on unpredictable cycles of monsoon and variability of rainfall and is therefore a reliable water resource. Further, the high nitrogen and phosphorus content that is harmful to aquatic life, when used in irrigation can make a good nutrient or fertilizer source.
Lecture notes in civil engineering, Oct 26, 2021
COVID-19 was declared as a global pandemic on 11 March 2020 by the World Health Organization, but... more COVID-19 was declared as a global pandemic on 11 March 2020 by the World Health Organization, but the world is already going after it. From China, cases spread rapidly across the world, driving world policymakers’ stringent steps to separate cases and restrict the virus transmission. The main supportive foundations of the modern world economies have been torn up by these strategies as multinational trading and collaboration resulted in nationalizing and fighting for limited stocks. The epidemic in COVID-19 greatly influenced the growth of infrastructure and the global economy. Global reactions are underway to rapid disruptions in main markets and industries in infrastructure. One remedy is to return to the physical and building environment (BE) to reduce the effect before medications for an outbreak are created. Due to the fear of illness, epidemics have changed our world. In several past studies of infectious pandemics, advances in the BE have been seen to help more to deter infection transmission. Architecture and urbanism would also never be the same following the COVID-19 outbreak. In encouraging environmental health interventions and reducing chances of diseases, BE has an important role to play. Although the ongoing worldwide outbreak is a threat at all levels of the developed environment, implementing an antivirus paradigm can take time to minimize future threats or deter the virus from spreading. This paper presents how the world produced by virus looks on the basis of the lessons learned and the value of a stable and safe environment. Many questions unanswered need further multidisciplinary research. This paper looks at the future COVID-19 steps to gradual and systemic improvements in varying time frames and sizes, which enhance air quality and less energy use, or the use of materials that eventually fulfil the sustainability objectives. This challenges us to reconsider buildings and urban areas and eventually use sustainable solutions for win–win results. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
Springer eBooks, Oct 26, 2021
International Journal on Environmental Sciences, 2015
Survey has shown the existence of hundred of ‘Hot-spots” of Cr contaminated agricultural lands in... more Survey has shown the existence of hundred of ‘Hot-spots” of Cr contaminated agricultural lands in Vellore district where clusters of tanneries are located. The indiscriminate disposal of tannery wastes had resulted in the widespread contamination of soil and waters. It is found that most (>90%) of the soil samples from 65 locations in Vellore district had high concentration of Cr (>200 mg kg-1) which exceeds the maximum permissible limit prescribed by many Environmental Protection Agencies. Further, traces (below detectable level) to high (36.7 mg L-1) concentration of Cr were recorded in the ground waters. The Cr contaminated soil and water have also shown greater hazards due to sodium and other salts (salinity), besides Cr. The BOD and COD of the groundwater were not beyond the permissible limit. Most of the Cr contaminated water exhibited greater risk in terms of both salinity and sodicity hazards and were found unsuitable for both human consumption and irrigation purpose. The present study deals the chromium concentration in water and agricultural soil which was compared with previous year data. The soil chromium concentration was decreased at the same time water chromium was increased due to leaching process. The chromium was leached from upper layer of soil to deeper layer of aquifer.
International Journal of Environment and Climate Change
The prevalence of microplastics in soil has recently attracted substantial interest as they pose ... more The prevalence of microplastics in soil has recently attracted substantial interest as they pose a major threat to agricultural system. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) on seedling development of blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) in two different types of soil during April, 2022 under controlled conditions in the Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, India. The treatments included four different concentrations of PE-MPs (0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00%) along with a control which had no microplastics. All the treatments were replicated thrice. In loamy soil type, germination rate declined from 87.1±0.57 (control) to 73.1±0.33 (1.00% PE-MPs) and in clay loam soil, from 83.3±3.08 (control) to 79.8±0.03 (1.00% PE-MPs). Similarly root and shoot characteristics also showed distinct reduction along with increasing microplastics concentrations. Hence, the results of the study reveal that soil type has influ...
AgroScience Today, Feb 28, 2021
In the developing countries like India, waste water management
remains the most important cause ... more In the developing countries like India, waste water management
remains the most important cause for many pollution and disease
spread due to poor sanitation. Grey water is the domestic waste
water excluding toilet waste water gains attention in the present
scenario for recycling and reuse. Application of this grey water
after proper treatment can be put to many uses in urban areas
thereby reducing the demand for fresh clean water. Treated grey
water is well advocated in agriculture for crop cultivation. Of the
total grey water generated in the country, 10% is contributed
through kitchen waste water that accrues from households. Since
these waste waters are low in contamination, treatment through
any methods is possible and feasible for reuse. Regarding the
chemical composition, grey water is very less in nitrogen levels
than sewage waters. Unlike rainwater harvesting, grey water is
not dependent on unpredictable cycles of monsoon and variability
of rainfall and is therefore a reliable water resource. Further, the
high nitrogen and phosphorus content that is harmful to aquatic
life, when used in irrigation can make a good nutrient or fertilizer
source.
I Control Pollution, 2014
Huge amounts of chromium (Cr) compounds are being releasing into the environment as a result of a... more Huge amounts of chromium (Cr) compounds are being releasing into the environment as a result of anthropogenic activities. Speciation of chromium compounds is important in understanding the toxicity because of contrasting characters of hexavalent (Cr (VI) and trivalent Cr (III) chromium). An improved method for the removal of chromium is carried by natural materials. Certain natural Zeolite, especially the Clinoptilolite variety, has been demonstrated to be effective in removing heavy metals from water. The principles involved in removal of several toxic metals are Ion exchange, removing the metal and releasing another non toxic ion such as potassium or sodium, from the crystal. Zeolites, like many other synthetic ion exchangers (silica gel, wheat bran, tamarind seed, etc.) are adsorbed the metals from wastewater. Hexavalent chromium was adsorbed by Zeolite upto 92% from the solution. The results showed that, the Zeolite material was found to adsorb hexavalent chromium very effective...
IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science
Chromium is released into the environment by a number of processes such as steel manufacturing, p... more Chromium is released into the environment by a number of processes such as steel manufacturing, pulp processing, wood preservation, leather tanning, metal plating, metal cleaning and processing and alloy formation, mostly without proper treatment. As a consequence, elevated concentrations of chromium become a major threat to the environment. Among the different forms of chromium, hexavalent chromium is highly soluble in water, and mutagenic and carcinogenic. Recently, concern about Cr as an environmental pollutant has been escalating due to its build up to toxic levels in the environment as a result of various industrial and agricultural activities. In the present study, the hexavalent chromium was reduced into trivalent chromium from chromium contaminated (300 µg g-1) soil. The vermicompost and microbial cultures (Pseudomonas fluorescens and Trichoderma viride) were used for chromium detoxification studies. The chromium (VI) reduction was observed in best treatment like vermicompost alone reduced the chromium up to 85 per cent and vermicompost along with Pseudomonas fluorescens reduced the hexavalent chromium up to 84.6 per cent. The large amount of hexavalent chromium was detoxified due to application of vermicompost. The chromium hexavalent reduction was confirmed with maize plant uptake. The plants grown on the control soil (T 1) had the highest content of Cr (39.2 µg g-1) and the plants grown on the soil with the application of Trichoderma viride (T 9) had the lesser value of Cr content. These biological materials were reduced the toxicity of chromium and bioavailability to the maize plant uptake.
International Journal on Environmental Sciences, 2015
Survey has shown the existence of hundred of ‘Hot-spots” of Cr contaminated agricultural lands in... more Survey has shown the existence of hundred of ‘Hot-spots” of Cr contaminated agricultural lands in Vellore district where clusters of tanneries are located. The indiscriminate disposal of tannery wastes had resulted in the widespread contamination of soil and waters. It is found that most (>90%) of the soil samples from 65 locations in Vellore district had high concentration of Cr (>200 mg kg-1) which exceeds the maximum permissible limit prescribed by many Environmental Protection Agencies. Further, traces (below detectable level) to high (36.7 mg L-1) concentration of Cr were recorded in the ground waters. The Cr contaminated soil and water have also shown greater hazards due to sodium and other salts (salinity), besides Cr. The BOD and COD of the groundwater were not beyond the permissible limit. Most of the Cr contaminated water exhibited greater risk in terms of both salinity and sodicity hazards and were found unsuitable for both human consumption and irrigation purpose. ...
Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering
Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering
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Papers by Bharani Alagirisamy
remains the most important cause for many pollution and disease
spread due to poor sanitation. Grey water is the domestic waste
water excluding toilet waste water gains attention in the present
scenario for recycling and reuse. Application of this grey water
after proper treatment can be put to many uses in urban areas
thereby reducing the demand for fresh clean water. Treated grey
water is well advocated in agriculture for crop cultivation. Of the
total grey water generated in the country, 10% is contributed
through kitchen waste water that accrues from households. Since
these waste waters are low in contamination, treatment through
any methods is possible and feasible for reuse. Regarding the
chemical composition, grey water is very less in nitrogen levels
than sewage waters. Unlike rainwater harvesting, grey water is
not dependent on unpredictable cycles of monsoon and variability
of rainfall and is therefore a reliable water resource. Further, the
high nitrogen and phosphorus content that is harmful to aquatic
life, when used in irrigation can make a good nutrient or fertilizer
source.
remains the most important cause for many pollution and disease
spread due to poor sanitation. Grey water is the domestic waste
water excluding toilet waste water gains attention in the present
scenario for recycling and reuse. Application of this grey water
after proper treatment can be put to many uses in urban areas
thereby reducing the demand for fresh clean water. Treated grey
water is well advocated in agriculture for crop cultivation. Of the
total grey water generated in the country, 10% is contributed
through kitchen waste water that accrues from households. Since
these waste waters are low in contamination, treatment through
any methods is possible and feasible for reuse. Regarding the
chemical composition, grey water is very less in nitrogen levels
than sewage waters. Unlike rainwater harvesting, grey water is
not dependent on unpredictable cycles of monsoon and variability
of rainfall and is therefore a reliable water resource. Further, the
high nitrogen and phosphorus content that is harmful to aquatic
life, when used in irrigation can make a good nutrient or fertilizer
source.