This paper presents the results of a project funded by the Swiss Federal Office for Energy that f... more This paper presents the results of a project funded by the Swiss Federal Office for Energy that focused on the effective use of movable shading devices in offices, and on the impact on the indoor daylig hting availability. The first pa rt of the project consisted in the observation of the use of sunscreens when the command is not automated (office buildings, operating webcams from 01-02-2013 to 31-012014 over 125 openings, e.g. more than 500,000 individual blind positions analysed). The key finding is that sunscreens are adjusted infrequently (less than 2 movements blinds / week) regardless of the orientation or season. The consequence of this misuse is that the contribution of natural light is far from being optimised. The second part of the project focused on the simulation of the actual contribution of daylight in each of the observed rooms (Simulations DIAL + / Radiance). This allowed us to compare the results with those that would have been achieved with automated blinds. The r...
This paper aims to compare the daylighting results provided by two specific software tools dedica... more This paper aims to compare the daylighting results provided by two specific software tools dedicated to the preliminary design stage. The first one, DIAL+, focuses on the room scale while the second one, CitySim, aims to provide a decision support at the urban scale. On one side we have a bottom-up approach, which matches the point of view of architects or building designers and, on the other hand, a "top-down" approach that fulfil the needs of urban planners and energy stakeholders. The case study focuses on a small openspace office that we looked at from three different positions in a given building located in the neighborhood "Barrio de las Nieves" in the city of Bogota. The output of both tools are analysed on a annual basis, through the comparison of the number of hours during which the indoor illuminance exceeds 300 lux for two specific points respectively located at 1.50 and 4.50 m from the glazed façade. This work shows that, if the two approaches yield s...
Les systemes et solutions qui sont presentees dans ce document ne doivent pas etre assimiles a de... more Les systemes et solutions qui sont presentees dans ce document ne doivent pas etre assimiles a des modeles du genre. Ils representent des voies a explorer, a tester, et a ameliorer.
Surveys and socio-professional studies carried out at national and international levels contribut... more Surveys and socio-professional studies carried out at national and international levels contribute to a better understanding of the lighting retrofit process. Within the framework of the International Energy Agency Task 50 - Advanced lighting solutions for retrofitting buildings- and its subtask C1 focusing on the analysis of workflows and needs, an online survey on lighting retrofit was initiated in December 2014. After 9 months, more than 1000 answers we re collected. The survey provides clear insights about the workflow of building professionals and leads to a better understanding of their needs in terms of computer method and tools. One of the main outcomes of the survey is that retrofitting strategies used in practice essentially focus on electric lighting actions such as of luminaire replacement and the use of controls. Generally, daylighting strategies are not rated as the highest priority. The results also indicate that practitioners mainly rely on their own experience and r...
Surveys and socio-professional studies carried out at national and international levels contribut... more Surveys and socio-professional studies carried out at national and international levels contribute to a better understanding of the lighting retrofit process. Within the framework of the International Energy Agency Task 50 - Advanced lighting solutions for retrofitting buildings- and its subtask C1 focusing on the analysis of workflows and needs, an online survey on lighting retrofit was initiated in December 2013.After 9 months, more than 1000 answers were collected. The survey provides clear insights about the workflow of building professionals and leads to a better understanding of their needs in terms of computer method and tools.One of the main outcomes of the survey is that retrofitting strategies used in practice essentially focus on electric lighting actions such as of luminaires replacement and the use of controls. Generally, daylighting strategies are not rated as the highest priority. The results also indicate that practitioners mainly rely on their own experience and rar...
The city of Lausanne is built on fairly steep slopes, with the consequence that some buildings ar... more The city of Lausanne is built on fairly steep slopes, with the consequence that some buildings are leaning against what could be described as cliffs and, therefore, have only one glazed facade. The Rue Saint Martin office building has been built during the 1970s. Because of its important depth (~23m from the façade), the spaces located at the back were totally deprived of natural light. During the renovation of this building, the architects wanted to create large openings in the roof and in the floors’ slabs in order to provide daylight to the rear spaces. The close collaboration between Estia1 and Archespace2 allowed for the design and implementation of an efficient daylighting system that provides a new quality of use for the interior spaces and a new identity for the building.
Comparison between a model (left) and a simulation using the ReluxPro 2010 lighting calculation p... more Comparison between a model (left) and a simulation using the ReluxPro 2010 lighting calculation program (right).
The entry into force of the first European standard dealing with daylight is very good news. Howe... more The entry into force of the first European standard dealing with daylight is very good news. However, the objectives set by this standard in terms of daylight provision are quite demanding and the consequences on the design of buildings are far from neutral. Based on simulations conducted with the DIAL+ software, the study focuses on the Daylight Provision criterion and looks at the influence of localization (latitude). The work consists of the evaluation of a 2 case-studies and analyses the results obtained for 4 locations in Europe. The aim is to put in perspective, on the one hand, the daylighting performance and, on the other hand, the induced energy consumption in terms of heating, cooling and electric lighting. This gives a better idea of the consequences of this Standard on the overall energy performance and allows to question the objectives set by the standard
During the last decade, all construction standards evolved rapidly and became increasingly demand... more During the last decade, all construction standards evolved rapidly and became increasingly demanding in terms of energy performance. The joint reduction of heating and cooling loads resulted in a rise of the relative importance of electricity consumption due to indoor lighting. As a result, the question of daylight is getting more and more important and has to be addressed carefuly in the design process. In this context we can see the emergence of a dominant trend in the design of facades of nonresidential buildings, which results in an alternating composition of glass and opaque vertical stripes. Beyond the aesthetic implications, we do not allow ourselves to judge, we can imagine that this type of system can be advantageous in terms of building rationality. However, thi s paper shows that this design trend have some negative implications in terms of thermal behaviour without bringing any decisive advantage with respect to visual comfort and natural lighting. We evaluated the perfo...
Electronically tintable glazings have now reached maturity and are part of the options to be cons... more Electronically tintable glazings have now reached maturity and are part of the options to be considered in the design of energy-efficient dynamic facades, both in renovation and for new buildings. However, to assess concretely the impact of such solutions, it is necessary to carry out dynamic simulations and to consider simultaneously thermal and daylighting performance. This approach, which until now required the use of several distinct specialized tools, is now available with a single software and can be initiated at the earliest stages of design. This paper presents the new simulation possibilities offered in the last release of the DIAL+ software, and show how the tool provides a new effective way to quickly quantify the potential of electrochromic glazings regarding energy, daylight and comfort targets.
This paper presents the results of a project funded by the Swiss Federal Office for Energy that f... more This paper presents the results of a project funded by the Swiss Federal Office for Energy that focused on the effective use of movable shading devices in offices, and on the impact on the indoor daylig hting availability. The first pa rt of the project consisted in the observation of the use of sunscreens when the command is not automated (office buildings, operating webcams from 01-02-2013 to 31-012014 over 125 openings, e.g. more than 500,000 individual blind positions analysed). The key finding is that sunscreens are adjusted infrequently (less than 2 movements blinds / week) regardless of the orientation or season. The consequence of this misuse is that the contribution of natural light is far from being optimised. The second part of the project focused on the simulation of the actual contribution of daylight in each of the observed rooms (Simulations DIAL + / Radiance). This allowed us to compare the results with those that would have been achieved with automated blinds. The r...
This paper aims to compare the daylighting results provided by two specific software tools dedica... more This paper aims to compare the daylighting results provided by two specific software tools dedicated to the preliminary design stage. The first one, DIAL+, focuses on the room scale while the second one, CitySim, aims to provide a decision support at the urban scale. On one side we have a bottom-up approach, which matches the point of view of architects or building designers and, on the other hand, a "top-down" approach that fulfil the needs of urban planners and energy stakeholders. The case study focuses on a small openspace office that we looked at from three different positions in a given building located in the neighborhood "Barrio de las Nieves" in the city of Bogota. The output of both tools are analysed on a annual basis, through the comparison of the number of hours during which the indoor illuminance exceeds 300 lux for two specific points respectively located at 1.50 and 4.50 m from the glazed façade. This work shows that, if the two approaches yield s...
Les systemes et solutions qui sont presentees dans ce document ne doivent pas etre assimiles a de... more Les systemes et solutions qui sont presentees dans ce document ne doivent pas etre assimiles a des modeles du genre. Ils representent des voies a explorer, a tester, et a ameliorer.
Surveys and socio-professional studies carried out at national and international levels contribut... more Surveys and socio-professional studies carried out at national and international levels contribute to a better understanding of the lighting retrofit process. Within the framework of the International Energy Agency Task 50 - Advanced lighting solutions for retrofitting buildings- and its subtask C1 focusing on the analysis of workflows and needs, an online survey on lighting retrofit was initiated in December 2014. After 9 months, more than 1000 answers we re collected. The survey provides clear insights about the workflow of building professionals and leads to a better understanding of their needs in terms of computer method and tools. One of the main outcomes of the survey is that retrofitting strategies used in practice essentially focus on electric lighting actions such as of luminaire replacement and the use of controls. Generally, daylighting strategies are not rated as the highest priority. The results also indicate that practitioners mainly rely on their own experience and r...
Surveys and socio-professional studies carried out at national and international levels contribut... more Surveys and socio-professional studies carried out at national and international levels contribute to a better understanding of the lighting retrofit process. Within the framework of the International Energy Agency Task 50 - Advanced lighting solutions for retrofitting buildings- and its subtask C1 focusing on the analysis of workflows and needs, an online survey on lighting retrofit was initiated in December 2013.After 9 months, more than 1000 answers were collected. The survey provides clear insights about the workflow of building professionals and leads to a better understanding of their needs in terms of computer method and tools.One of the main outcomes of the survey is that retrofitting strategies used in practice essentially focus on electric lighting actions such as of luminaires replacement and the use of controls. Generally, daylighting strategies are not rated as the highest priority. The results also indicate that practitioners mainly rely on their own experience and rar...
The city of Lausanne is built on fairly steep slopes, with the consequence that some buildings ar... more The city of Lausanne is built on fairly steep slopes, with the consequence that some buildings are leaning against what could be described as cliffs and, therefore, have only one glazed facade. The Rue Saint Martin office building has been built during the 1970s. Because of its important depth (~23m from the façade), the spaces located at the back were totally deprived of natural light. During the renovation of this building, the architects wanted to create large openings in the roof and in the floors’ slabs in order to provide daylight to the rear spaces. The close collaboration between Estia1 and Archespace2 allowed for the design and implementation of an efficient daylighting system that provides a new quality of use for the interior spaces and a new identity for the building.
Comparison between a model (left) and a simulation using the ReluxPro 2010 lighting calculation p... more Comparison between a model (left) and a simulation using the ReluxPro 2010 lighting calculation program (right).
The entry into force of the first European standard dealing with daylight is very good news. Howe... more The entry into force of the first European standard dealing with daylight is very good news. However, the objectives set by this standard in terms of daylight provision are quite demanding and the consequences on the design of buildings are far from neutral. Based on simulations conducted with the DIAL+ software, the study focuses on the Daylight Provision criterion and looks at the influence of localization (latitude). The work consists of the evaluation of a 2 case-studies and analyses the results obtained for 4 locations in Europe. The aim is to put in perspective, on the one hand, the daylighting performance and, on the other hand, the induced energy consumption in terms of heating, cooling and electric lighting. This gives a better idea of the consequences of this Standard on the overall energy performance and allows to question the objectives set by the standard
During the last decade, all construction standards evolved rapidly and became increasingly demand... more During the last decade, all construction standards evolved rapidly and became increasingly demanding in terms of energy performance. The joint reduction of heating and cooling loads resulted in a rise of the relative importance of electricity consumption due to indoor lighting. As a result, the question of daylight is getting more and more important and has to be addressed carefuly in the design process. In this context we can see the emergence of a dominant trend in the design of facades of nonresidential buildings, which results in an alternating composition of glass and opaque vertical stripes. Beyond the aesthetic implications, we do not allow ourselves to judge, we can imagine that this type of system can be advantageous in terms of building rationality. However, thi s paper shows that this design trend have some negative implications in terms of thermal behaviour without bringing any decisive advantage with respect to visual comfort and natural lighting. We evaluated the perfo...
Electronically tintable glazings have now reached maturity and are part of the options to be cons... more Electronically tintable glazings have now reached maturity and are part of the options to be considered in the design of energy-efficient dynamic facades, both in renovation and for new buildings. However, to assess concretely the impact of such solutions, it is necessary to carry out dynamic simulations and to consider simultaneously thermal and daylighting performance. This approach, which until now required the use of several distinct specialized tools, is now available with a single software and can be initiated at the earliest stages of design. This paper presents the new simulation possibilities offered in the last release of the DIAL+ software, and show how the tool provides a new effective way to quickly quantify the potential of electrochromic glazings regarding energy, daylight and comfort targets.
Uploads
Papers by Bernard PAULE