characteristics and are assumed to have mutations in Kir channel. Recently, a Kir3.4 mutation was... more characteristics and are assumed to have mutations in Kir channel. Recently, a Kir3.4 mutation was found in patients with ATS2 (Kokunai et al., Neurology. 2014). The function of Kir channel is to maintain resting membrane potential and correct membrane hyperpolarization, and dysfunction of Kir channel potentially contributes to characteristic symptoms. The precise distribution of Kir2.1 channel in the human body has not been elucidated. As such, we applied nerve excitability testing for a patient with ATS1 (Shibuya et al., Muscle Nerve. 2019). Apparent dysfunction of Kir channel was found in the peripheral nerve of this patient. Kir2.1 channel probably expresses in the human peripheral nerve, and peripheral nerve dysfunction may partially contribute to periodic paralysis in ATS.
Background: A substantial proportion of patients with treatment resistant schizophrenia do not re... more Background: A substantial proportion of patients with treatment resistant schizophrenia do not respond well or partially to clozapine, with a subset that does not tolerate an adequate trial of clozapine. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is regarded as one of the augmenting options, but there is a lack of high-quality evidence for this practice. This protocol describes a double-blind randomised sham-controlled modified-ECT trial to evaluate its efficacy in patients with clozapine resistant/intolerant schizophrenia. The study also involves multimodal investigations to identify the response predictors and the mechanistic basis of modified ECT in this population. Methods: One hundred consenting schizophrenia patients with resistance/intolerance to clozapine referred by clinicians for ECT would be randomly assigned to receive true ECT or sham ECT at three study centers. Sham ECT would mimic all the procedures of modified ECT including anaesthesia and muscle relaxation, except the electric...
Abstract The discovery of small non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNA... more Abstract The discovery of small non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), and PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) in recent years has divulged as the powerful regulators of gene expression as riboregulators. In order to execute the silencing function, these tiny RNAs require physical association with their respective protein partners, the Argonaute (AGO) family of proteins. Over the decades, tremendous progress has been made to understand the function of AGO proteins in various cellular processes such as in translational regulation, RNA interference by guiding the small RNAs, and maintenance of stem cell self-renewal. However, relatively little is known about their role in human diseases and their potential use as a biomarker for early diagnosis of various deadly disease including cancer. In this chapter, we have reviewed the association of two major AGO protein families, AGO2 and PIWI, the functional partner of miRNAs and piRNAs, respectively, as well as their other associated accessory proteins in various diseases, and have tried to unveil whether these can serve as potential disease biomarkers or not.
Several studies have found that OCD subjects have selective neuropsychological deficits in execut... more Several studies have found that OCD subjects have selective neuropsychological deficits in executive functioning (e.g. set shifting ability, response inhibition, and decision making), non-verbal (e.g., visual) memory, and visuospatial and visuo-constructional skills. Many studies found no deficits in non-verbal memory, set-shifting, response inhibition, decision making and planning functions. Findings of neuropsychological studies of OCD are inconsistent. There is limited research on executive functioning in medication-naive, never treated OCD patients and no study compared drug naive and medicated OCD with that of normal controls. In this study, we assessed 25 drug naive, 25 medicated OCD patients and 25 normal participants matched for age, gender, and years of education on the executive tests- SWM, SRM, and SOC. Results revealed that there was no significant difference between drug naive OCD and on medication OCD group on executive function tests. Both drug naive OCD and on medica...
Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are highly aggressive malignant tumors that exhibit poor therapeutic o... more Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are highly aggressive malignant tumors that exhibit poor therapeutic outcomes. Hence, we aimed to track down a potential gene that can be used as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target for this malignancy. We integrated omics analysis of clinical data and in vitro studies and identified Ribonucleotide reductase subunit M2 (RRM2) as a potential oncogene associated with STS prognosis. We found RRM2 is highly expressed in STS cell lines and tissues. STS patients with increased RRM2 levels showed worse overall survival, disease-free survival, progression-free survival, and disease-specific survival. Further, overexpression of RRM2 in HT1080 cells induces proliferation, migration, invasion, and colony formation, whereas its silencing arrest the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase and induces apoptosis. Taken together, we established RRM2 to be positively associated with oncogenesis and prognosis of STS and therefore could be a promising prognostic marker and therapeutic target.
Background: The derangement of serum lipids is well documented in psychiatric disorders like schi... more Background: The derangement of serum lipids is well documented in psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia, mania, and depression but not in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), where it has been inadequately examined. Also, serum lipid abnormalities are increasingly found in "impulsivity," an important sub-construct of OCD. Our study aimed to examine serum lipid profile among patients with OCD and its association with clinical profile and impulsivity among them. Methods: Forty drug naïve or drug-free (four weeks for oral and eight weeks for any depot psychotropics) patients with OCD according to International Classification of Disease-10 th version (ICD-10): Diagnostic Criteria for Research (DCR) by the World Health Organization (WHO), from outpatient and inpatient departments of a tertiary care psychiatric hospital were recruited. Measures like Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Hamliton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D), Barratt's Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11), and Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A) were administered. Forty age and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited after screening with General Health Questionnaire 12 (GHQ-12). Serum lipids were assessed in both the groups. Results: Serum high density lipoproteins (HDL) (P < 0.001; partial 2 = 0.176) and apolipoprotein B (P < 0.001; partial 2 = 0.531) were significantly higher in OCD group than age-and sex-matched HC. A trend toward lower serum HDL (P = 0.06; partial 2 = 0.060) was observed among patients of OCD with high impulsivity. Serum HDL was negatively correlated with BIS attention (r s =-0.32; p = 0.03), BIS motor (r s = 0.40; P = 0.01), BIS non-planning (r s =-0.36; P = 0.02), and BIS total (r s =-0.36; P = 0.01) scores. Serum triglycerides (TG) (r s = 0.34; P = 0.03) and apolipoprotein B (r s =-0.32; P = 0.04) were negatively correlated with Y-BOCS compulsion score. Serum TG (r s =-0.45, P < 0.01) and serum very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) was negatively (r s =-0.39; P = 0.01) correlated with Y-BOCS total scores. Serum VLDL was positively (r s = 0.34; P = 0.03) correlated with BIS motor scores. Conclusions: Serum lipid fractions are deranged among patients with OCD. Different lipid fractions have different associations with clinical profiles of OCD. Impulsivity among patients with OCD may have a specific association with
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as crucial regulators of biological pathways/processes by reinforcing tran... more MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as crucial regulators of biological pathways/processes by reinforcing transcriptional programs and moderating transcripts. Emerging evidences have shown the involvement of dysregulated miRNAs in pathophysiology of human diseases including several cancer types. Recently, miR-197-3p has been reported to play different roles in different cancers; however, its role in fibrosarcoma, a highly aggressive and malignant soft tissue sarcoma originated from the mesenchymal tissues, has not yet been studied. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the possible regulatory roles of miR-197-3p in the oncogenicity of fibrosarcoma. For this, we initially performed qRT-PCR of miR-197-3p, which we found to be downregulated in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells compared with IMR90-tert normal fibroblast cells. Subsequently, we performed gain-of-function study by employing several methods such as MTT assay, clonogenic assay, wound healing, flow cytometry cell cycle analysis, and acridine orange staining after transfecting HT1080 cells with miR-197-3p mimic. From these assays, we observed that miR-197-3p significantly inhibits viability, colony forming, and migration ability as well as triggers G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and autophagy in fibrosarcoma cells. To understand the mechanism through which miRNA performs these functions, we predicted its targets using TargetScan and performed pathway enrichment analysis after screening them by their expression in fibrosarcoma. Among the enriched targets, we found RAN (ras-related nuclear protein) to be a crucial target through which miR-197-3p represses tumorigenesis by binding to its 3´UTR, validated by luciferase reporter assay. The tumor suppressive role of the miRNA was further confirmed by transfecting its mimic in RANoverexpressed cells which showed significant attenuation in tumorigenic effect of RAN in fibrosarcoma as seen in different assays. Taken together, our study unveiled that miR-197-3p acts as an oncosuppressor in fibrosarcoma through
Context and Aim: Low therapeutical adherence (TA) to immunosuppressive drugs is one of the main f... more Context and Aim: Low therapeutical adherence (TA) to immunosuppressive drugs is one of the main factors that determine the survival of heart transplant recipients (HTx). The aim of this study is to measure the TA improvement by means of a comprehensive care programme in a multidisciplinary environment, together with the support of Mobile Health Technology (mHealth). Materials and methods: A prospective pilot study was carried out. Patients who had received a HTx in the past 18 months and had a mobile device were included. TA was assessed by the SMAQ validated test at the beginning and end of the two-months follow-up. Personalized interventions on-line via the mHeart platform were performed. The mHeart platform is an APP and a website directed to facilitate communication, treatment adherence and patient empowerment. An independent statistician analysed the data (IBM-SPSS V22.0). Results and discussion: Of the 35 eligible recipients, 32 (91.4%) were included in the study; 23 (71.9%) were men of an average age of 52.4 years [42.9-63.7] taking a median of 12 [8.5-14] different daily drugs. The follow-up time was 2.03 months [1.3-2.5]. The effectiveness of the pharmaceutical interventions implemented through the mHeart tool was high: 83% of the nonadherent recipients in the first visit became adherent at the end of the study according to the SMAQ test. Medication adherence global rate in the first visit was 61%, increasing to 87% at the last visit according to the SMAQ test (p = 0.039). The final TA figure was over 85%, the target medication adherence figure in solid organ transplants to avoid negative results due to non-adherence. Conclusions: Personalized interventions together with the support of the mHeart tool, permits effective supervision of nonadherent patients, resulting in the improvement in TA. The final TA figure was over 85%, the target figure in SOT to avoid negative results due to non-adherence.
To generate the normative data of auditory P300 event-related potential for various age groups in... more To generate the normative data of auditory P300 event-related potential for various age groups in the Indian population. Auditory P300 event-related potentials, using the oddball paradigm, of healthy control participants in studies carried out at our institute were included to generate normative data in the age range of 10-50 years. The amplitude and latency of P300 for Fz, Cz, and Pz were selected for analysis. For P300 amplitude, overall multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was significant [Pillai's Trace F (9/453) = 3.46, P < 0.001]. Follow-up ANOVA showed significant difference across age groups at Fz, Cz, and Pz. For P300 latency, there was a trend towards significance for overall MANOVA [Pillai's Trace F (9/453) = 1.68, P = 0.09]. Follow-up ANOVA showed a trend towards significant difference across age groups at Fz only. Our study generated a P300 amplitude and frequency normative database at Fz, Cz, and Pz, which will serve as a reference for future studies a...
Religion exerts a significant effect on the lives of many individuals including people with menta... more Religion exerts a significant effect on the lives of many individuals including people with mental illness. As evidences keep accumulating, role of religion in mental illness is gaining importance. The study was designed to study the effects of religiosity on religious delusions, its presentation, acute course and outcome in schizophrenia. The study was a naturalistic observational study. Subjects with schizophrenia were grouped into those with religious (RG) and with non-religious delusions (NG). Their premorbid religiosity was assessed with Brief Multi-dimensional measurement of Religiosity/spirituality (BMMRS) and were rated on Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS), Brown's Assessment of Belief Scale (BABS) and Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) at baseline and 4 weeks. Scores on private religious practices, baseline scores of SAPS, BABS & PANSS and duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) were significantly higher for RG in comparison to NG. On component ana...
Journal of Mental Health and Human Behaviour, 2017
Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a clinically heterogeneous disorder. The previ... more Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a clinically heterogeneous disorder. The previous studies have been conducted to elucidate visuospatial and nonverbal memory deficits in OCD patients. However, they did not reach equivocal results which need to be replicated. Objectives: The current study examines the visuospatial memory in male patients with OCD as compared to normal healthy controls. Materials and Methods: It is a cross-sectional hospital-based study, in which 15 OCD patients and 15 age-, sex-, and education-matched normal healthy controls were chosen by purposive sampling technique. All the participants underwent the Extended Complex Figure Test (ECFT) for the assessment of visuospatial memory. Results: Significant difference was found between OCD patients and normal healthy controls on various domains of ECFT. OCD patients performed poorly on copy condition (t = −4.46; P< 0.001), immediate recall (t = −5.20; P< 0.001), delayed recall (t = −5.18; P< 0.001), recognition task (P < 0.001), and matching task (P < 0.001) than the controls. Conclusion: Visuospatial memory was significantly impaired in OCD that included disturbed encoding and impaired visuospatial functioning. Hence, it is important to understand the significance of visuospatial memory in the pathophysiology for OCD diagnosis and therapeutic decision.
Visual hallucinations are commonly present in various neurological and psychiatric conditions suc... more Visual hallucinations are commonly present in various neurological and psychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia and other hallucinatory psychosis. Current conceptualization of hallucinations assume pattern completion model of thalamus to be responsible for the origin of this type of the perceptual abnormality and proposes that central inhibition of such circuits may treat hallucinations. We present a case of chronic hallucinatory psychosis with significantly distressing visual hallucinations, resistant to antipsychotics, which successfully responded to carbamazepine. This case illustrates the novel use of an antiepileptic in the treatment of resistant visual hallucinations. Targeted therapy of this kind can be considered in the future, although more evidence is required in this field.
Background: There is scant literature on efficacy of neurofeedback in obsessive compulsive disord... more Background: There is scant literature on efficacy of neurofeedback in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Objective: Background:There is scant literature on efficacy of neurofeedback in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Objective:To study the efficacy of adjunctive neurofeedback in OCD patients in comparison with patients on pharmacological treatment alone. Method:Ten patients aged 18-50 years with a diagnosis of OCD according to ICD-10 Diagnostic Criteria for Research and giving written informed consent were randomly assigned to experimental (n=5) and control group (n=5). All patients were rated on Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS), Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) and Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) at baseline and at follow-up after 3 months. The experimental group received 15 'one hour' sessions of neurofeedback in addition to ongoing pharmacotherapy. Results:Twoway repeated-measures ANOVA showe...
characteristics and are assumed to have mutations in Kir channel. Recently, a Kir3.4 mutation was... more characteristics and are assumed to have mutations in Kir channel. Recently, a Kir3.4 mutation was found in patients with ATS2 (Kokunai et al., Neurology. 2014). The function of Kir channel is to maintain resting membrane potential and correct membrane hyperpolarization, and dysfunction of Kir channel potentially contributes to characteristic symptoms. The precise distribution of Kir2.1 channel in the human body has not been elucidated. As such, we applied nerve excitability testing for a patient with ATS1 (Shibuya et al., Muscle Nerve. 2019). Apparent dysfunction of Kir channel was found in the peripheral nerve of this patient. Kir2.1 channel probably expresses in the human peripheral nerve, and peripheral nerve dysfunction may partially contribute to periodic paralysis in ATS.
Background: A substantial proportion of patients with treatment resistant schizophrenia do not re... more Background: A substantial proportion of patients with treatment resistant schizophrenia do not respond well or partially to clozapine, with a subset that does not tolerate an adequate trial of clozapine. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is regarded as one of the augmenting options, but there is a lack of high-quality evidence for this practice. This protocol describes a double-blind randomised sham-controlled modified-ECT trial to evaluate its efficacy in patients with clozapine resistant/intolerant schizophrenia. The study also involves multimodal investigations to identify the response predictors and the mechanistic basis of modified ECT in this population. Methods: One hundred consenting schizophrenia patients with resistance/intolerance to clozapine referred by clinicians for ECT would be randomly assigned to receive true ECT or sham ECT at three study centers. Sham ECT would mimic all the procedures of modified ECT including anaesthesia and muscle relaxation, except the electric...
Abstract The discovery of small non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNA... more Abstract The discovery of small non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), and PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) in recent years has divulged as the powerful regulators of gene expression as riboregulators. In order to execute the silencing function, these tiny RNAs require physical association with their respective protein partners, the Argonaute (AGO) family of proteins. Over the decades, tremendous progress has been made to understand the function of AGO proteins in various cellular processes such as in translational regulation, RNA interference by guiding the small RNAs, and maintenance of stem cell self-renewal. However, relatively little is known about their role in human diseases and their potential use as a biomarker for early diagnosis of various deadly disease including cancer. In this chapter, we have reviewed the association of two major AGO protein families, AGO2 and PIWI, the functional partner of miRNAs and piRNAs, respectively, as well as their other associated accessory proteins in various diseases, and have tried to unveil whether these can serve as potential disease biomarkers or not.
Several studies have found that OCD subjects have selective neuropsychological deficits in execut... more Several studies have found that OCD subjects have selective neuropsychological deficits in executive functioning (e.g. set shifting ability, response inhibition, and decision making), non-verbal (e.g., visual) memory, and visuospatial and visuo-constructional skills. Many studies found no deficits in non-verbal memory, set-shifting, response inhibition, decision making and planning functions. Findings of neuropsychological studies of OCD are inconsistent. There is limited research on executive functioning in medication-naive, never treated OCD patients and no study compared drug naive and medicated OCD with that of normal controls. In this study, we assessed 25 drug naive, 25 medicated OCD patients and 25 normal participants matched for age, gender, and years of education on the executive tests- SWM, SRM, and SOC. Results revealed that there was no significant difference between drug naive OCD and on medication OCD group on executive function tests. Both drug naive OCD and on medica...
Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are highly aggressive malignant tumors that exhibit poor therapeutic o... more Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are highly aggressive malignant tumors that exhibit poor therapeutic outcomes. Hence, we aimed to track down a potential gene that can be used as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target for this malignancy. We integrated omics analysis of clinical data and in vitro studies and identified Ribonucleotide reductase subunit M2 (RRM2) as a potential oncogene associated with STS prognosis. We found RRM2 is highly expressed in STS cell lines and tissues. STS patients with increased RRM2 levels showed worse overall survival, disease-free survival, progression-free survival, and disease-specific survival. Further, overexpression of RRM2 in HT1080 cells induces proliferation, migration, invasion, and colony formation, whereas its silencing arrest the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase and induces apoptosis. Taken together, we established RRM2 to be positively associated with oncogenesis and prognosis of STS and therefore could be a promising prognostic marker and therapeutic target.
Background: The derangement of serum lipids is well documented in psychiatric disorders like schi... more Background: The derangement of serum lipids is well documented in psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia, mania, and depression but not in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), where it has been inadequately examined. Also, serum lipid abnormalities are increasingly found in "impulsivity," an important sub-construct of OCD. Our study aimed to examine serum lipid profile among patients with OCD and its association with clinical profile and impulsivity among them. Methods: Forty drug naïve or drug-free (four weeks for oral and eight weeks for any depot psychotropics) patients with OCD according to International Classification of Disease-10 th version (ICD-10): Diagnostic Criteria for Research (DCR) by the World Health Organization (WHO), from outpatient and inpatient departments of a tertiary care psychiatric hospital were recruited. Measures like Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Hamliton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D), Barratt's Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11), and Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A) were administered. Forty age and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited after screening with General Health Questionnaire 12 (GHQ-12). Serum lipids were assessed in both the groups. Results: Serum high density lipoproteins (HDL) (P < 0.001; partial 2 = 0.176) and apolipoprotein B (P < 0.001; partial 2 = 0.531) were significantly higher in OCD group than age-and sex-matched HC. A trend toward lower serum HDL (P = 0.06; partial 2 = 0.060) was observed among patients of OCD with high impulsivity. Serum HDL was negatively correlated with BIS attention (r s =-0.32; p = 0.03), BIS motor (r s = 0.40; P = 0.01), BIS non-planning (r s =-0.36; P = 0.02), and BIS total (r s =-0.36; P = 0.01) scores. Serum triglycerides (TG) (r s = 0.34; P = 0.03) and apolipoprotein B (r s =-0.32; P = 0.04) were negatively correlated with Y-BOCS compulsion score. Serum TG (r s =-0.45, P < 0.01) and serum very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) was negatively (r s =-0.39; P = 0.01) correlated with Y-BOCS total scores. Serum VLDL was positively (r s = 0.34; P = 0.03) correlated with BIS motor scores. Conclusions: Serum lipid fractions are deranged among patients with OCD. Different lipid fractions have different associations with clinical profiles of OCD. Impulsivity among patients with OCD may have a specific association with
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as crucial regulators of biological pathways/processes by reinforcing tran... more MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as crucial regulators of biological pathways/processes by reinforcing transcriptional programs and moderating transcripts. Emerging evidences have shown the involvement of dysregulated miRNAs in pathophysiology of human diseases including several cancer types. Recently, miR-197-3p has been reported to play different roles in different cancers; however, its role in fibrosarcoma, a highly aggressive and malignant soft tissue sarcoma originated from the mesenchymal tissues, has not yet been studied. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the possible regulatory roles of miR-197-3p in the oncogenicity of fibrosarcoma. For this, we initially performed qRT-PCR of miR-197-3p, which we found to be downregulated in HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells compared with IMR90-tert normal fibroblast cells. Subsequently, we performed gain-of-function study by employing several methods such as MTT assay, clonogenic assay, wound healing, flow cytometry cell cycle analysis, and acridine orange staining after transfecting HT1080 cells with miR-197-3p mimic. From these assays, we observed that miR-197-3p significantly inhibits viability, colony forming, and migration ability as well as triggers G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and autophagy in fibrosarcoma cells. To understand the mechanism through which miRNA performs these functions, we predicted its targets using TargetScan and performed pathway enrichment analysis after screening them by their expression in fibrosarcoma. Among the enriched targets, we found RAN (ras-related nuclear protein) to be a crucial target through which miR-197-3p represses tumorigenesis by binding to its 3´UTR, validated by luciferase reporter assay. The tumor suppressive role of the miRNA was further confirmed by transfecting its mimic in RANoverexpressed cells which showed significant attenuation in tumorigenic effect of RAN in fibrosarcoma as seen in different assays. Taken together, our study unveiled that miR-197-3p acts as an oncosuppressor in fibrosarcoma through
Context and Aim: Low therapeutical adherence (TA) to immunosuppressive drugs is one of the main f... more Context and Aim: Low therapeutical adherence (TA) to immunosuppressive drugs is one of the main factors that determine the survival of heart transplant recipients (HTx). The aim of this study is to measure the TA improvement by means of a comprehensive care programme in a multidisciplinary environment, together with the support of Mobile Health Technology (mHealth). Materials and methods: A prospective pilot study was carried out. Patients who had received a HTx in the past 18 months and had a mobile device were included. TA was assessed by the SMAQ validated test at the beginning and end of the two-months follow-up. Personalized interventions on-line via the mHeart platform were performed. The mHeart platform is an APP and a website directed to facilitate communication, treatment adherence and patient empowerment. An independent statistician analysed the data (IBM-SPSS V22.0). Results and discussion: Of the 35 eligible recipients, 32 (91.4%) were included in the study; 23 (71.9%) were men of an average age of 52.4 years [42.9-63.7] taking a median of 12 [8.5-14] different daily drugs. The follow-up time was 2.03 months [1.3-2.5]. The effectiveness of the pharmaceutical interventions implemented through the mHeart tool was high: 83% of the nonadherent recipients in the first visit became adherent at the end of the study according to the SMAQ test. Medication adherence global rate in the first visit was 61%, increasing to 87% at the last visit according to the SMAQ test (p = 0.039). The final TA figure was over 85%, the target medication adherence figure in solid organ transplants to avoid negative results due to non-adherence. Conclusions: Personalized interventions together with the support of the mHeart tool, permits effective supervision of nonadherent patients, resulting in the improvement in TA. The final TA figure was over 85%, the target figure in SOT to avoid negative results due to non-adherence.
To generate the normative data of auditory P300 event-related potential for various age groups in... more To generate the normative data of auditory P300 event-related potential for various age groups in the Indian population. Auditory P300 event-related potentials, using the oddball paradigm, of healthy control participants in studies carried out at our institute were included to generate normative data in the age range of 10-50 years. The amplitude and latency of P300 for Fz, Cz, and Pz were selected for analysis. For P300 amplitude, overall multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was significant [Pillai's Trace F (9/453) = 3.46, P < 0.001]. Follow-up ANOVA showed significant difference across age groups at Fz, Cz, and Pz. For P300 latency, there was a trend towards significance for overall MANOVA [Pillai's Trace F (9/453) = 1.68, P = 0.09]. Follow-up ANOVA showed a trend towards significant difference across age groups at Fz only. Our study generated a P300 amplitude and frequency normative database at Fz, Cz, and Pz, which will serve as a reference for future studies a...
Religion exerts a significant effect on the lives of many individuals including people with menta... more Religion exerts a significant effect on the lives of many individuals including people with mental illness. As evidences keep accumulating, role of religion in mental illness is gaining importance. The study was designed to study the effects of religiosity on religious delusions, its presentation, acute course and outcome in schizophrenia. The study was a naturalistic observational study. Subjects with schizophrenia were grouped into those with religious (RG) and with non-religious delusions (NG). Their premorbid religiosity was assessed with Brief Multi-dimensional measurement of Religiosity/spirituality (BMMRS) and were rated on Scale for Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS), Brown's Assessment of Belief Scale (BABS) and Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS) at baseline and 4 weeks. Scores on private religious practices, baseline scores of SAPS, BABS & PANSS and duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) were significantly higher for RG in comparison to NG. On component ana...
Journal of Mental Health and Human Behaviour, 2017
Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a clinically heterogeneous disorder. The previ... more Background: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a clinically heterogeneous disorder. The previous studies have been conducted to elucidate visuospatial and nonverbal memory deficits in OCD patients. However, they did not reach equivocal results which need to be replicated. Objectives: The current study examines the visuospatial memory in male patients with OCD as compared to normal healthy controls. Materials and Methods: It is a cross-sectional hospital-based study, in which 15 OCD patients and 15 age-, sex-, and education-matched normal healthy controls were chosen by purposive sampling technique. All the participants underwent the Extended Complex Figure Test (ECFT) for the assessment of visuospatial memory. Results: Significant difference was found between OCD patients and normal healthy controls on various domains of ECFT. OCD patients performed poorly on copy condition (t = −4.46; P< 0.001), immediate recall (t = −5.20; P< 0.001), delayed recall (t = −5.18; P< 0.001), recognition task (P < 0.001), and matching task (P < 0.001) than the controls. Conclusion: Visuospatial memory was significantly impaired in OCD that included disturbed encoding and impaired visuospatial functioning. Hence, it is important to understand the significance of visuospatial memory in the pathophysiology for OCD diagnosis and therapeutic decision.
Visual hallucinations are commonly present in various neurological and psychiatric conditions suc... more Visual hallucinations are commonly present in various neurological and psychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia and other hallucinatory psychosis. Current conceptualization of hallucinations assume pattern completion model of thalamus to be responsible for the origin of this type of the perceptual abnormality and proposes that central inhibition of such circuits may treat hallucinations. We present a case of chronic hallucinatory psychosis with significantly distressing visual hallucinations, resistant to antipsychotics, which successfully responded to carbamazepine. This case illustrates the novel use of an antiepileptic in the treatment of resistant visual hallucinations. Targeted therapy of this kind can be considered in the future, although more evidence is required in this field.
Background: There is scant literature on efficacy of neurofeedback in obsessive compulsive disord... more Background: There is scant literature on efficacy of neurofeedback in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Objective: Background:There is scant literature on efficacy of neurofeedback in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Objective:To study the efficacy of adjunctive neurofeedback in OCD patients in comparison with patients on pharmacological treatment alone. Method:Ten patients aged 18-50 years with a diagnosis of OCD according to ICD-10 Diagnostic Criteria for Research and giving written informed consent were randomly assigned to experimental (n=5) and control group (n=5). All patients were rated on Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS), Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety (HAM-A), Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D) and Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) at baseline and at follow-up after 3 months. The experimental group received 15 'one hour' sessions of neurofeedback in addition to ongoing pharmacotherapy. Results:Twoway repeated-measures ANOVA showe...
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Papers by Basudeb Das