Epoxy resin-based sealers which are currently widely used have limitations, including possible mu... more Epoxy resin-based sealers which are currently widely used have limitations, including possible mutagenicity, cytotoxicity, inflammatory response, and hydrophobicity. Recently, bioceramic-based sealers containing calcium silicate and calcium phosphate attracted considerable attention because of their physical and biological properties such as their alkaline pH, chemical stability within the biological environment, and lack of shrinkage. Bioceramic materials containing calcium phosphate, enhances the setting properties of bioceramics and results in a chemical composition and crystalline structure similar to tooth and bone apatite materials, thereby improving sealer-to-root dentin bonding. This review focuses on advantages, mechanism of action,classification and detailed insight into individual bioceramic sealers currently used along with their properties.
Gathering inspiration from nature for the design of newer materials and products is a field gaini... more Gathering inspiration from nature for the design of newer materials and products is a field gaining popularity nowadays .The ability to incorporate the “doing it nature’s way” into the design of synthetic materials has advanced with time. There has been an increased interest among the scientific community to design systems that borrow the nature’s mode. In a society familiar with dominating or improving nature, this respectful imitation introduces an era of science based not on what we can extract from nature, but on what we can learn from her . Broadly categorized as biomaterials, these are widely used in the field of Restorative dentistry because of its role in repair, regeneration and reconstruction. This review article highlights the concept of bio activity, its mechanism and compare and contrast various bio active materials.
The aim of every endodontic treatment is to eradicate all organic substrates from the complex roo... more The aim of every endodontic treatment is to eradicate all organic substrates from the complex root canal system and to obturate the root canal system. After the establishment of diagnosis and treatment plan, the part of the treatment directly applied to the tooth is the access cavity preparation. Access cavity preparation is of paramount importance as it is the vital stage that governs the success or ease of the subsequent treatment stages. Endodontics has seen an unparalleled advancement in technology and materials in the past couple of decades. This period has witnessed remarkable development in endodontic technologies which has brought about various modifications in all phases of endodontic treatment including access opening.
Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the reaction of different final irrigants to the bond str... more Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the reaction of different final irrigants to the bond strength of root dentin exposed to chloroform. Materials and Methods: Fifty extracted maxillary central incisors were selected. Working length was determined, and canal was instrumented with ProTaper rotary system (Dentsply Maillefer) till F4 file. The specimens were then divided into five groups (n = 10). Group 1: not disclosed to any root canal solvent, Group 2: disclosed to chloroform for 5 min, Group 3: chloroform for 5 min followed by absolute alcohol, Group 4: chloroform for 5 min followed by chlorhexidine (CHX), And Group 5 – chloroform for 5 min followed by saline. The canals were obturated with F4 gutta-percha cones with AH Plus sealer. The samples will be sectioned horizontally into 1 ± 0.1 mm thick slices. The push-out bond strength was performed in a universal testing machine. Results were statistically analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. Results: There existed a significant difference between the mean push-out bond strength of different groups. Irrigation with chloroform negatively affected the bonding between root canal sealer and root dentine. Absolute alcohol significantly improved the bond strength values. Conclusion: Exposure with chloroform during the retreatment will decrease the bonding between sealer (AH Plus) and root dentine. The use of absolute alcohol as a final irrigant improved the bonding between sealer and dentin. CHX and saline showed no improvement in bond strength.
Aim: The purpose of the current research was to assess the permeability of three various desensit... more Aim: The purpose of the current research was to assess the permeability of three various desensitizing techniques on dentinal tubule occlusion using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Materials and methods: For this research, 100 human sound premolar teeth that were extracted for orthodontic purposes were gathered. With the aid of a water-cooled diamond saw, the teeth were divided in a mesiodistal (vertically) orientation. A sectioned sample (5 mm long by 5 mm wide by 3.5 mm deep), including the cervical region, was taken from each buccal side. To fully open the dentinal tubules, these samples were then kept in 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for 40 minutes. The samples were divided into four groups (n = 25), each receiving the following dentin surface treatments: Group I: Control, Group II: Samples received NaF 5% varnish treatment, Group III: Samples received diode laser treatment, and Group IV: Samples received CPP-ACP treatment. An SEM was used to inspect each specimen at a magnification of about × 3000 and photomicrographs was assessed. Results: The maximum occlusion of dentinal tubules was found in samples were treated with Diode laser (2.96 ± 0.14) followed by samples treated with NaF 5% varnish (3.38 ± 0.10), samples were treated with CPP-ACP (3.42 ± 0.06) and control group (4.26 ± 0.19). There was a statistically significant difference found between the groups. Conclusion: In conclusion, all three desensitizing methods used in the present study were successful in the occlusion of dentin tubules. But the application of the Diode laser was effective in the reduction of dentin permeability compared to NaF 5% varnish and CPP-ACP. Clinical significance: Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is characterized by a brief period of intense discomfort. One approach to managing DH is to obstruct dentin tubules in order to decrease dentin permeability. There are many substances that can reduce hypersensitivity, but the finest commercially available substance for treating the condition by occluding the tubes should be acknowledged.
Epoxy resin-based sealers which are currently widely used have limitations, including possible mu... more Epoxy resin-based sealers which are currently widely used have limitations, including possible mutagenicity, cytotoxicity, inflammatory response, and hydrophobicity. Recently, bioceramic-based sealers containing calcium silicate and calcium phosphate attracted considerable attention because of their physical and biological properties such as their alkaline pH, chemical stability within the biological environment, and lack of shrinkage. Bioceramic materials containing calcium phosphate, enhances the setting properties of bioceramics and results in a chemical composition and crystalline structure similar to tooth and bone apatite materials, thereby improving sealer-to-root dentin bonding. This review focuses on advantages, mechanism of action,classification and detailed insight into individual bioceramic sealers currently used along with their properties.
Gathering inspiration from nature for the design of newer materials and products is a field gaini... more Gathering inspiration from nature for the design of newer materials and products is a field gaining popularity nowadays .The ability to incorporate the “doing it nature’s way” into the design of synthetic materials has advanced with time. There has been an increased interest among the scientific community to design systems that borrow the nature’s mode. In a society familiar with dominating or improving nature, this respectful imitation introduces an era of science based not on what we can extract from nature, but on what we can learn from her . Broadly categorized as biomaterials, these are widely used in the field of Restorative dentistry because of its role in repair, regeneration and reconstruction. This review article highlights the concept of bio activity, its mechanism and compare and contrast various bio active materials.
The aim of every endodontic treatment is to eradicate all organic substrates from the complex roo... more The aim of every endodontic treatment is to eradicate all organic substrates from the complex root canal system and to obturate the root canal system. After the establishment of diagnosis and treatment plan, the part of the treatment directly applied to the tooth is the access cavity preparation. Access cavity preparation is of paramount importance as it is the vital stage that governs the success or ease of the subsequent treatment stages. Endodontics has seen an unparalleled advancement in technology and materials in the past couple of decades. This period has witnessed remarkable development in endodontic technologies which has brought about various modifications in all phases of endodontic treatment including access opening.
Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the reaction of different final irrigants to the bond str... more Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the reaction of different final irrigants to the bond strength of root dentin exposed to chloroform. Materials and Methods: Fifty extracted maxillary central incisors were selected. Working length was determined, and canal was instrumented with ProTaper rotary system (Dentsply Maillefer) till F4 file. The specimens were then divided into five groups (n = 10). Group 1: not disclosed to any root canal solvent, Group 2: disclosed to chloroform for 5 min, Group 3: chloroform for 5 min followed by absolute alcohol, Group 4: chloroform for 5 min followed by chlorhexidine (CHX), And Group 5 – chloroform for 5 min followed by saline. The canals were obturated with F4 gutta-percha cones with AH Plus sealer. The samples will be sectioned horizontally into 1 ± 0.1 mm thick slices. The push-out bond strength was performed in a universal testing machine. Results were statistically analyzed by one-way analysis of variance. Results: There existed a significant difference between the mean push-out bond strength of different groups. Irrigation with chloroform negatively affected the bonding between root canal sealer and root dentine. Absolute alcohol significantly improved the bond strength values. Conclusion: Exposure with chloroform during the retreatment will decrease the bonding between sealer (AH Plus) and root dentine. The use of absolute alcohol as a final irrigant improved the bonding between sealer and dentin. CHX and saline showed no improvement in bond strength.
Aim: The purpose of the current research was to assess the permeability of three various desensit... more Aim: The purpose of the current research was to assess the permeability of three various desensitizing techniques on dentinal tubule occlusion using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Materials and methods: For this research, 100 human sound premolar teeth that were extracted for orthodontic purposes were gathered. With the aid of a water-cooled diamond saw, the teeth were divided in a mesiodistal (vertically) orientation. A sectioned sample (5 mm long by 5 mm wide by 3.5 mm deep), including the cervical region, was taken from each buccal side. To fully open the dentinal tubules, these samples were then kept in 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for 40 minutes. The samples were divided into four groups (n = 25), each receiving the following dentin surface treatments: Group I: Control, Group II: Samples received NaF 5% varnish treatment, Group III: Samples received diode laser treatment, and Group IV: Samples received CPP-ACP treatment. An SEM was used to inspect each specimen at a magnification of about × 3000 and photomicrographs was assessed. Results: The maximum occlusion of dentinal tubules was found in samples were treated with Diode laser (2.96 ± 0.14) followed by samples treated with NaF 5% varnish (3.38 ± 0.10), samples were treated with CPP-ACP (3.42 ± 0.06) and control group (4.26 ± 0.19). There was a statistically significant difference found between the groups. Conclusion: In conclusion, all three desensitizing methods used in the present study were successful in the occlusion of dentin tubules. But the application of the Diode laser was effective in the reduction of dentin permeability compared to NaF 5% varnish and CPP-ACP. Clinical significance: Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is characterized by a brief period of intense discomfort. One approach to managing DH is to obstruct dentin tubules in order to decrease dentin permeability. There are many substances that can reduce hypersensitivity, but the finest commercially available substance for treating the condition by occluding the tubes should be acknowledged.
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