A reduced Mach Zehnder modulator was used for duobinary modulation and optical pulse shaping in a... more A reduced Mach Zehnder modulator was used for duobinary modulation and optical pulse shaping in a 64-channel (10.7 Gb/s) dense wavelength division multiplexing over 200 SSMF Metro networks. The electrical filter required in conventional duobinary systems is no longer needed. The proposed method cuts down in the complexity and cost of the duobinary transceivers. In addition, the first order PMD tolerance within 2 dB penalty in OSNR was quantified and found to be 21 ps when FEC is used.
Semi-empirical design equations for symmetrical three-line microstrip couplers (TMCs) have been d... more Semi-empirical design equations for symmetrical three-line microstrip couplers (TMCs) have been developed. The approach is based on dividing the total capacitance of the system into various basic capacitances which are then calculated empirically and semi-numerically.
A computer aided design technique has been developed for the design of a beam splitter coupler an... more A computer aided design technique has been developed for the design of a beam splitter coupler and a distributed type coupler using inverted strip dielectric waveguides. The optical beam principle has been used for the beam splitter coupler. Numerical results for these couplers at 80 GHZ with minimum directivity of 30 dB and VSWR of 1.15 have been presented.
IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Feb 1, 1984
The improved design procedure and experimental results for a practical helical resonator filter t... more The improved design procedure and experimental results for a practical helical resonator filter to be used at the output of a low power UHF land mobile transmitter are described. The adequate attenuation at more than three times the operating frequency of the filter has been achieved by the transmitter's final matching network.
The microwave network theory has been used to analyze the inverted strip dielectric waveguides (I... more The microwave network theory has been used to analyze the inverted strip dielectric waveguides (ISG). The transverse resonance relations at the step discontinuity are expressed in the form of scattering matrices. The scattering matrices and their variation over a frequency range of 40–80 GHz have been obtained. The leakage from the structure has also been obtained in terms of strip width.
A method of analyzing depolarization effects in a multimode fiber has been developed. A new expre... more A method of analyzing depolarization effects in a multimode fiber has been developed. A new expression for degree of polarization (DOP) in terms of fiber parameters, incident polarization condition, and mode coupling coefficients has been derived. The numerical results for DOP for various fiber lengths, coupling coefficients, and normalized angular spacings 'q' have been obtained. >
Near-Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is one of the vibrational spectroscopic techniques which has bee... more Near-Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is one of the vibrational spectroscopic techniques which has been utilized to characterize the structural information of biological samples by means of associated "molecular fingerprints". Recent advances in the optical technology have enabled us to utilize this method for the investigation of various properties of nano-sized biomaterials such as biopolymers or bionanoparticles. In this study, a compact, costeffective, portable, field-deployable, dualdetector micro-mirror NIR spectrometer based on micro-opto-electro-mechanical systems (MOEMS) technology has been employed for the NIR spectroscopic investigations of a novel kind of biomaterials originating from self-forming synthesized lipids. This miniaturized spectrometer is capable to operate in the wide spectral range of 9000-4800 cm-1 (~1100-2100 nm) which is relevant to the vibrational bands corresponding to the biological samples. The NIR spectra of such biopolymers are dominated by overtones and combinations bands originating from C−H, O−H and C=O vibrational modes. Furthermore, various characteristics properties including Beer's law has been tested for different polar solvents and found that this law is valid for the studied biopolymers at the low concentration regime.
Closed-form expressions for the frequency-dependent normal-mode parameters of symmetrical three-l... more Closed-form expressions for the frequency-dependent normal-mode parameters of symmetrical three-line microstrip couplers (TMCs) have been derived in terms of the quasi-static parameters of the structure. The numerical results based on these derived expressions have been found in good agreement with the results previously obtained using full-wave techniques.
Using WKB method the peculiarities of the temporal spectrum of an ordinary and extraordinary elec... more Using WKB method the peculiarities of the temporal spectrum of an ordinary and extraordinary electromagnetic wave scattered in a weakly randomly inhomogeneous three-dimensional nonstationary and conductive magnetized plasma are investigated. On the basis of the stochastic differential transport equation for the frequency fluctuation the broadening and the displacement of the temporal spectrum for both waves are obtained for the polar terrestrial ionosphere. These statistical characteristics contains anisotropic parameters: velocity of a plasma stream, conductivities of the ionosphere, elongated electron density irregularities are characterized by the anisotropy factor and inclination angle with respect to the geomagnetic lines of forces. The analysis of the power spectrum of the waves as a function of the propagation distance and the nondimensional frequency parameter containing the carrier frequency and characteristic temporal scale of electron density fluctuations are carried out....
DEStech Transactions on Computer Science and Engineering, 2018
Second order statistical moments of scattered radiation in the magnetized plasma is considered us... more Second order statistical moments of scattered radiation in the magnetized plasma is considered using modified smooth perturbation method taking into account both diffraction effects and polarization coefficients of both the ordinary and extraordinary waves. The broadening of the spatial spectrum and displacement of its maximum are obtained. Scintillation level of scattered waves is analyzed for different parameters characterizing anisotropic irregularities for the ionospheric F-region.
IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 1991
A method for analyzing three asymmetrically coupled microstrip lines on an anisotropic substrate ... more A method for analyzing three asymmetrically coupled microstrip lines on an anisotropic substrate has been developed. Computer programs based on the method of moments have been employed and the coupler mode impedance, coupling constant, and phase velocity, as functions of the anisotropy ratio, have been obtained. >
Second order statistical moments of the phase fluctuations are obtained taking into account the b... more Second order statistical moments of the phase fluctuations are obtained taking into account the boundary condition, diffraction effects and polarization coefficients of the ordinary and extraordinary waves. The variance and the correlation function are calculated for arbitrary 3D spectral function of electron density fluctuations containing both anisotropic Gaussian and power-law spectra. The phase scintillation index and the scintillation level are analyzed numerically. Splashes are revealed for different anisotropy factor of elongated large-scale irregularities varying orientation angle with respect to the lines of force of geomagnetic field. Log-log plots of the power spectrum satisfies the “standard relationship” of scattered ordinary and extraordinary waves. Growing orientation angle splashes arises in fully developed scintillation region.
A reduced Mach Zehnder modulator was used for duobinary modulation and optical pulse shaping in a... more A reduced Mach Zehnder modulator was used for duobinary modulation and optical pulse shaping in a 64-channel (10.7 Gb/s) dense wavelength division multiplexing over 200 SSMF Metro networks. The electrical filter required in conventional duobinary systems is no longer needed. The proposed method cuts down in the complexity and cost of the duobinary transceivers. In addition, the first order PMD tolerance within 2 dB penalty in OSNR was quantified and found to be 21 ps when FEC is used.
Semi-empirical design equations for symmetrical three-line microstrip couplers (TMCs) have been d... more Semi-empirical design equations for symmetrical three-line microstrip couplers (TMCs) have been developed. The approach is based on dividing the total capacitance of the system into various basic capacitances which are then calculated empirically and semi-numerically.
A computer aided design technique has been developed for the design of a beam splitter coupler an... more A computer aided design technique has been developed for the design of a beam splitter coupler and a distributed type coupler using inverted strip dielectric waveguides. The optical beam principle has been used for the beam splitter coupler. Numerical results for these couplers at 80 GHZ with minimum directivity of 30 dB and VSWR of 1.15 have been presented.
IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Feb 1, 1984
The improved design procedure and experimental results for a practical helical resonator filter t... more The improved design procedure and experimental results for a practical helical resonator filter to be used at the output of a low power UHF land mobile transmitter are described. The adequate attenuation at more than three times the operating frequency of the filter has been achieved by the transmitter's final matching network.
The microwave network theory has been used to analyze the inverted strip dielectric waveguides (I... more The microwave network theory has been used to analyze the inverted strip dielectric waveguides (ISG). The transverse resonance relations at the step discontinuity are expressed in the form of scattering matrices. The scattering matrices and their variation over a frequency range of 40–80 GHz have been obtained. The leakage from the structure has also been obtained in terms of strip width.
A method of analyzing depolarization effects in a multimode fiber has been developed. A new expre... more A method of analyzing depolarization effects in a multimode fiber has been developed. A new expression for degree of polarization (DOP) in terms of fiber parameters, incident polarization condition, and mode coupling coefficients has been derived. The numerical results for DOP for various fiber lengths, coupling coefficients, and normalized angular spacings 'q' have been obtained. >
Near-Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is one of the vibrational spectroscopic techniques which has bee... more Near-Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is one of the vibrational spectroscopic techniques which has been utilized to characterize the structural information of biological samples by means of associated "molecular fingerprints". Recent advances in the optical technology have enabled us to utilize this method for the investigation of various properties of nano-sized biomaterials such as biopolymers or bionanoparticles. In this study, a compact, costeffective, portable, field-deployable, dualdetector micro-mirror NIR spectrometer based on micro-opto-electro-mechanical systems (MOEMS) technology has been employed for the NIR spectroscopic investigations of a novel kind of biomaterials originating from self-forming synthesized lipids. This miniaturized spectrometer is capable to operate in the wide spectral range of 9000-4800 cm-1 (~1100-2100 nm) which is relevant to the vibrational bands corresponding to the biological samples. The NIR spectra of such biopolymers are dominated by overtones and combinations bands originating from C−H, O−H and C=O vibrational modes. Furthermore, various characteristics properties including Beer's law has been tested for different polar solvents and found that this law is valid for the studied biopolymers at the low concentration regime.
Closed-form expressions for the frequency-dependent normal-mode parameters of symmetrical three-l... more Closed-form expressions for the frequency-dependent normal-mode parameters of symmetrical three-line microstrip couplers (TMCs) have been derived in terms of the quasi-static parameters of the structure. The numerical results based on these derived expressions have been found in good agreement with the results previously obtained using full-wave techniques.
Using WKB method the peculiarities of the temporal spectrum of an ordinary and extraordinary elec... more Using WKB method the peculiarities of the temporal spectrum of an ordinary and extraordinary electromagnetic wave scattered in a weakly randomly inhomogeneous three-dimensional nonstationary and conductive magnetized plasma are investigated. On the basis of the stochastic differential transport equation for the frequency fluctuation the broadening and the displacement of the temporal spectrum for both waves are obtained for the polar terrestrial ionosphere. These statistical characteristics contains anisotropic parameters: velocity of a plasma stream, conductivities of the ionosphere, elongated electron density irregularities are characterized by the anisotropy factor and inclination angle with respect to the geomagnetic lines of forces. The analysis of the power spectrum of the waves as a function of the propagation distance and the nondimensional frequency parameter containing the carrier frequency and characteristic temporal scale of electron density fluctuations are carried out....
DEStech Transactions on Computer Science and Engineering, 2018
Second order statistical moments of scattered radiation in the magnetized plasma is considered us... more Second order statistical moments of scattered radiation in the magnetized plasma is considered using modified smooth perturbation method taking into account both diffraction effects and polarization coefficients of both the ordinary and extraordinary waves. The broadening of the spatial spectrum and displacement of its maximum are obtained. Scintillation level of scattered waves is analyzed for different parameters characterizing anisotropic irregularities for the ionospheric F-region.
IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 1991
A method for analyzing three asymmetrically coupled microstrip lines on an anisotropic substrate ... more A method for analyzing three asymmetrically coupled microstrip lines on an anisotropic substrate has been developed. Computer programs based on the method of moments have been employed and the coupler mode impedance, coupling constant, and phase velocity, as functions of the anisotropy ratio, have been obtained. >
Second order statistical moments of the phase fluctuations are obtained taking into account the b... more Second order statistical moments of the phase fluctuations are obtained taking into account the boundary condition, diffraction effects and polarization coefficients of the ordinary and extraordinary waves. The variance and the correlation function are calculated for arbitrary 3D spectral function of electron density fluctuations containing both anisotropic Gaussian and power-law spectra. The phase scintillation index and the scintillation level are analyzed numerically. Splashes are revealed for different anisotropy factor of elongated large-scale irregularities varying orientation angle with respect to the lines of force of geomagnetic field. Log-log plots of the power spectrum satisfies the “standard relationship” of scattered ordinary and extraordinary waves. Growing orientation angle splashes arises in fully developed scintillation region.
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Papers by Banmali Rawat