Papers by Bambang S U G E N G Subagio
Bioasphalt are asphalt produced from non-food ingredients which can be renewed. In addition to be... more Bioasphalt are asphalt produced from non-food ingredients which can be renewed. In addition to being used as a binder in asphalt mixture, since it is derived from lignin-containing biomass, bioasphalt also has the potential as rejuvenator for a mixture containing reclaimed asphalt pavement as well as additive for warm mixed asphalt technology due to its rheological properties that can reduce mixing temperatures up to 20°C. America, Europe, Japan and Australia have started their research on bioasphalt since the last few years. Indonesia itself can produce bioasphalt from coconut shells, but the research related to bioasphalt potency in paved mixture technology is still very limited. To prove the potential of bioasphalt, research needs to be done by evaluating the performance of bioasphalt available in Indonesia as a rejuvenator in Hot Mix Asphalt containing Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement and as an additive for warm mixed asphalt technology. Keywords : bioasphalt, hot mix asphalt, reclaim...
Jurnal Teknik Sipil, Dec 20, 2018
Pengembangan infrastruktur berkelanjutan dapat didukung dengan memperhatikan keseimbangan antara ... more Pengembangan infrastruktur berkelanjutan dapat didukung dengan memperhatikan keseimbangan antara pemenuhan kebutuhan pada masa sekarang dan masa yang akan datang. Dua aspeknya meliputi aspek lingkungan dan sumber daya. EAF Slag Aggregate merupakan limbah alternatif pengganti agregat yang mendukung aspek sumber daya. Sedangkan Zeolit Aspha-Min adalah aditif Warm Mix yang mendukung mengurangi emisi gas CO 2 dan gas rumah kaca dalam aspek lingkungan. Penelitian ini melihat kinerja campuran beraspal hangat AC-BC dengan penggantian 30% EAF Slag Aggregate terhadap agregat alam. Sedangkan kadar zeolit Aspha-Min berdasarkan penelitian terdahulu dicampurkan pada kadar 0,3% dan 0,5% terhadap berat campuran. Suhu pencampuran dan suhu pemadatan Warm-Mix didapatkan dengan trial and error 10 0 C-20 0 C dibawah suhu viskositas aspal. Campuran beraspal AC-BC kadar 0,3% Aspha-Min dapat menurunkan suhu pencampuran dan pemadatan sebesar 20 0 C. Campuran ini lebih tahan terhadap fatigue namun memiliki nilai modulus resilien yang paling rendah dari campuran lainnya. Sedangkan campuran beraspal AC-BC kadar 0,5% Aspha-Min dapat menurunkan suhu pencampuran dan pemadatan 10 0 C. Campuran ini cenderung lebih kaku karena memiliki nilai modulus resilien yang paling tinggi dan memiliki nilai siklus Nf yang rendah sehingga rentan terhadap fatigue dibandingkan campuran lainnya. Campuran optimum didapatkan dari proporsi campuran EAF Slag 30% dengan penambahan aditif Aspha-Min 0,3% dalam hal penurunan suhu pemadatan, pencampuran dan ketahanan terhadap fatigue.
Jurnal Teknik Sipil, Apr 12, 2019
Toll roads have an important role on the economic development, therefore it is necessary to make ... more Toll roads have an important role on the economic development, therefore it is necessary to make road improvements to increase the road serviceability or minimum service standards (standar pelayanan minimal / SPM), as described in the Indonesian Government Regulation No. 34 of 2006 on roads. The CIPALI toll road has operated since 2015 and it connects Cikampek and Palimanan. Therefore, it is important to carry out a structural maintenance, in this case is by adding an overlay so that the pavement structure remains stable in supporting the repetition load which always increases over time. This study aims to analyze the overlay thickness using the AUSTROAD 2010 mechanistic procedure with the help of the CIRCLY and KENPAVE program, with a study area on the CIPALI toll road between kilometer 110 + 000 to kilometer 115 + 000. Referring to the results of the analysis, the overlay thickness calculated using the CIRCLY program requires a minimum thickness of 170 mm for the 2-layer model and 3-layer model in the direction towards Subang, and 160 mm for the 2-layer model and 150 mm for the 3-layer model in the direction toward Palimanan. The overlay thickness needed with an analysis using the linear-elastic KENLAYER program in the direction towards Palimanan is 140 mm for the 2-layer model and 100 mm for the 3-layer model, while the thickness of the overlay in the direction towards Subang is 160 mm for the 2-layer model and 130 mm for the 3-layer model. The overlay thickness needed with an analysis using the nonlinear KENLAYER program in the direction towards is 120 mm for the 2-layer model and 80 mm for the 3-layer model, and for the direction toward Subang is 140 mm for the 2-layer model and 100 mm for the 3-layer model.
Jurnal Transportasi, 2007
The condition of bonding between asphalt pavement layer can influence the behaviour of pavement s... more The condition of bonding between asphalt pavement layer can influence the behaviour of pavement structure in supporting vehicle loading. In strong bonding condition, the adjacent pavement layers will act together to support pavement loading and the other way in weak bonding condition the layers will act independently with the result that stress in every layer of pavement become higher and will decrease pavement life consequently. This study described the investigation of bonding condition using teorethical model and laboratory test. Those are developed using CIRCLY5-SAP2000 Program and Modified Direct Shear Test respectively. The results shown that there is the range of bonding parameter which starting from weak bonding until full bonding using theoretical and laboratory model. Futhermore the analysis shown that ignoring bonding condition between pavement layer will become one of factors which cause early damage in pavement structure.
Jurnal Teknik Sipil, 2018
Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) adalah campuran beraspal yang diproduksi pada suhu 20-40°C lebih rendah da... more Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) adalah campuran beraspal yang diproduksi pada suhu 20-40°C lebih rendah dari HMA. Zeolit merupakan salah satu bahan tambah WMA dengan memanfaatkan kemampuan zeolite membawa air dan melepaskannya pada suhu tinggi sehingga terjadi pembusaan pada aspal yang dapat meningkatkan volume aspal. Selain zeolit sintetis, zeolit alam juga dapat digunakan sebagai aditif. Sebelum digunakan, zeolit alam perlu diaktivasi untuk menghilangkan unsur pengotor, merubah rasio Si/Al, dan meningkatkan penyerapan air. Metode penelitian berupa percobaan di laboratorium dengan proses aktivasi menggunakan larutan asam HCl dan larutan basa NaOH. Variasi ukuran butiran zeolite 75 m (#200) dan 38 m (#400). Sebagai pembanding digunakan zeolite sintetik merek Aspha-min. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan aktivasi zeolite alam dengan NaOH memiliki nilai rasio Si/Al yang lebih kecil dan kadar air yang lebih besar, yaitu 15.65%, (masih di bawah zeolite sintetik dengan kadar air 19.77%). Ekspansi volume aspal terjadi pada suhu 30 0 C di bawah suhu HMA dengan penambahan zeolite. Peningkatan kadar zeolite meningkatkan faktor ekspansi aspal dan memperkecil waktu ekspansi. Faktor ekspansi aspal dengan penambahan zeolite alam berada di bawah zeolite sintetik, hal ini disebabkan karena kadar air yang lebih kecil dari pada zeolite sintetik
IOP conference series, Dec 1, 2019
This study investigates the use of bio-asphalt, derived from coconut shell (BioCS) and straw (Bio... more This study investigates the use of bio-asphalt, derived from coconut shell (BioCS) and straw (BioST) as an additive to determine its benefits in asphalt mixtures containing reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). The study was conducted by determining and comparing the laboratory performance properties of four mixtures and the binders extracted from the mixes. The four mixtures evaluated in this study included 30% RAP mixtures with and without bio-asphalt (BioCS and BioST) and comparable virgin mix. The result showed that bio-asphalt was effective in improving mixture performance of 30% RAP mix close to those of the virgin mix.
International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, Apr 6, 2022
Premature damage to pavements in Indonesia before its service life ends is partly due to climate ... more Premature damage to pavements in Indonesia before its service life ends is partly due to climate variations and traffic loads. This study's main objective is to compare Dynamic Modulus (| E*|) and the Resilient Modulus of the Pen 60/70 AC-WC mixture using the SBS polymer modified asphalt. The performance from Marshall test shows that the highest Marshall Stability value (1007 kg) for AC-WC, and the Marshall immersion test gives the highest value of 98.13% for the same AC-WC mixture with 3% SBS. At low temperature (4°C), AC-WC with 0% SBS mixture has the highest Dynamic Modulus value (1792.7 MPa). While at high temperature (45°C), AC-WC with 3%, SBS has the highest Dynamic Modulus value (61.8 MPa). The test results show that the SBS modified asphalt mixture gives better performance at high temperatures. Overall, the AC-WC with 3% SBS mixture is better than the other mixtures. Thus, the use of SBS polymer asphalt can be a solution to improve the performance of the mixture. The dynamic modulus with AMPT test and Witczak equation showed a high correlation (0.9844). Additionally, the correlation for resilient and dynamic modulus also has higher correlation with R 2 = 0.9818.
Journal of the Eastern Asia Society for Transportation Studies, 2015
This paper presents the results of a study of asphalt concrete-binder course (AC-BC) asphalt mixt... more This paper presents the results of a study of asphalt concrete-binder course (AC-BC) asphalt mixture with reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and produced by warm mix method. 30% of RAP was combined with new aggregate in mixture. Rejuvenating agent Cyclogen L was used to activate RAP asphalt binder. With 3% Sasobit, temperature of mixing and paving was set at 135°C and 123°C, 30°C lower than conventional mixture with unmodified asphalt binder 60/70 penetration. Three mixture was set in this research, i.e. hot mix asphalt conventional mixture (namely control mix), warm mix asphalt mixture ( SASO) and warm mix asphalt with RAP (SASO RAP). OBC for each mixture was 5,2%, 5,2% and 5,3% for control, SASO and SASO RAP respectively. Regarding the result of resilient modulus and fatigue resistance test, the SASO and SASO RAP showed a better performance than conventional asphalt mixture.
Jurnal Teknik Sipil, Dec 26, 2021
IOP conference series, Dec 10, 2019
The technology of using waste for road construction by using slag as an aggregate substitute can ... more The technology of using waste for road construction by using slag as an aggregate substitute can reduce costs as well as environmentally friendly technology. Hot mix asphalt pavement (HMA) will experience aging both short and long term, this study was conducted to see how the effects of aging in hot asphalt mixtures by using slag. There were three types of mixtures in this study with different levels of slag, aging test specimens were conditioned by the AASHTO R30 testing method. The results of testing the slag characteristics with SEM that the slag surface is roughness than the natural aggregate, also the slag has porosity on its surface indicates that the slag has stronger adhesion properties with the asphalt. In hot asphalt mixtures with slags obtained by increasing the slag percentage, the optimum bitumen content will be smaller but if viewed from the optimum Marshall stability value at a slag percentage of 20%. Then the mixture was conditioned for short-term aging with a higher Marshall stability value compared to normal conditions with void in mixture (VIM) values, while for long-term aging the stability value decreased compared to normal conditions with VIM values approaching normal conditions without aging.
Jurnal Teknik Sipil, Aug 1, 2019
One of the pavement types often used in Indonesia is flexible pavement. Many methods and programs... more One of the pavement types often used in Indonesia is flexible pavement. Many methods and programs can be used for flexible pavement structure analysis, such as analytical method using Kenlayer program. Variation of load type (single axle, dual-tandem, and dual-tridem) and material characteristics (linear-elastic, and nonlinear-elastic) used to approach the real condition in the field. In addition, repetition load during service life to failure criteria of flexible pavement structure with several variations of its design attributes need to be considered to gain more understanding for its pattern and relationship. This research aims to analyse the relationship for variation of load type, material characteristics to its response; and failure criteria in service life analysis with some attribute variant which can be used to optimize each attribute in future. Based on the results from Kenlayer program for variation of load type, the biggest response of deflection is resulted from dual-tridem followed by dual-tandem while load type variant has insignificant response to stress and strain. The variation of material characteristics indicates that for 3layer pavement system: linear-linear-linear material (L-L-L) has higher value of flexible pavement responses compared to linear-nonlinear-nonlinear material (L-NL-NL) hence the nonlinear material is recommended for 2 nd and 3 rd layer. In case of service life analysis, failure criteria mostly resulted from permanent deformation for variation of loads, and resilient modulus of each layer, nevertheless the different result is observed in thick layer of surface and base course where fatigue cracking is more dominant and the optimal condition is when fatigue cracking graph intersect with permanent deformation.
Applied Mechanics and Materials, Jul 1, 2015
Environmental and climatic factors directly affect the temperature of asphalt pavement layers. Ai... more Environmental and climatic factors directly affect the temperature of asphalt pavement layers. Air temperature is one of the most important environmental factors that significantly affect the temperature distribution profile of asphalt pavement layers. It is important therefore, to comprehend the asphalt strength characteristics because of the differences in asphalt pavement designs. This study was conducted in tropical area with high humidity in Indonesia. A testing method was carried out to measure both temperature and humidity using thermocouples equipped with data logger and an application program of SAGA Technology. Measurements were taken for consecutive seven sunny days in July 2014. The average values obtained for hourly air temperature and humidity were ranging from 24.92 to 36.98 °C and from 50.31 to 83.69% respectively. Meanwhile, pavement surface temperatures measured at 0, 20 and 65 millimeters depths were varied from 25.29 to 45.65 °C, from 25.37 to 43.59 °C, and from 26.70 to 38.54 °C respectively. Both air and asphalt pavement temperatures are sharply increased from 10:00 a.m. to 02:00 p.m. and are gradually decreased afterward.
Lecture notes in civil engineering, 2020
Recycling asphalt technology is a technology that reuses of aged asphalt pavement that has been d... more Recycling asphalt technology is a technology that reuses of aged asphalt pavement that has been damaged and recycled as a new asphalt mixture material which in using it requires a modifier to restore the performance of aged asphalt. Bio-asphalt which is a fraction of bio-oil derived from biomass containing lignin has the potential as a modifier/rejuvenator for aged asphalt. The objective of this study is to determine the potential of the bio-asphalt as a modifier. Bio-asphalt modified aged asphalt binder is tested and evaluated based on AASHTO requirements. Best bio-asphalt content is suggested for modifying aged asphalt binder. Bio-asphalt modified aged asphalt binder were tested to know the mechanical properties by dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) temperature sweep test and frequency sweep test. In this study, the bio-asphalt used are coconut shell bio-asphalt (BioCS) and BitutechRAP, each of which was mixed with Aged asphalt binder from recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) extraction and controller asphalt binder use pen 60/70 (PG 64). The result showed that bio-asphalt can improve the mechanical performance of aged asphalt binder close to pen 60/70 as a controller.
MATEC web of conferences, 2018
Base layer with grained material tend to occur in saturated condition at the moment of rainfall o... more Base layer with grained material tend to occur in saturated condition at the moment of rainfall or after rainfall. In that condition, the present of traffic might also create movement below the foundation layer and reduce its bearing capacity. Nevertheless, the foundation material that contain large fine creates base layer with low permeability and slow water movement. This paper presented the procedure and result of laboratory experimental study to obtain basic property criteria for rigid pavement base layer.The porous concrete mixture was successfully designed and surpassed the minimum requirements required by Directorate General of Highways [11] [12]. It was found that there was very strong correlation between void content and permeability which created fine likelihood to use void content to represent porous concrete permeability behavior. High void content with good connection resulting weaker aggregate interlocking inside the mixture so that permeability rose whereas compressive strength fell. Solid fresh density and more filled by cement paste created a smaller void that would reduce permeability and improve compressive strength. Strong correlation between fresh density towards void content and permeability opened potency to use the fresh density as a reference to set the desired porous concrete void content on the field.
MATEC web of conferences, 2018
Overloaded trucks phenomena generally common in developing countries where the traffic control is... more Overloaded trucks phenomena generally common in developing countries where the traffic control is poor. In Indonesia, the percentage of overloaded trucks can reach more than 60% in the total number of trucks and may be one of the substantial factors that reduce the service life of the road pavements. This paper presents the analysis results of the weigh in motion survey data at East of Sumatera National Road (Jalintim) in Indonesia and the impact of overloaded trucks on the pavement. For the analysis the simplified approach was used, the axle loads were converted into representative single-axle loads based on 4th power formula by AASHTO 1993 equation. The vehicle damage factor of vehicles is presented and will be compared with the Highways National Standard to estimate the remaining service life of pavement and IRI value prediction. The analysis showed that the vehicle damage factor that determined from weigh in motion data is extremely greater than vehicle damage factor of the national standard in Indonesia which may lead to accelerated deterioration, reducing the service life of the pavement structures and significantly influence the IRI value.
International journal of GEOMATE : geotechnique, construction materials and environment, Oct 1, 2021
Road infrastructure is still a mainstay for mobility. The primary issue that happened frequently ... more Road infrastructure is still a mainstay for mobility. The primary issue that happened frequently is early damage due to overload and high pavement surface temperatures. Existing materials, such as penetration grade asphalt and modified asphalt, could not overcome these problems. However, the development of materials using the modified asphalt equivalent to PG76 (EPG76) is expected to provide better performance obtained through mechanistic testing, i.e., Marshall, Dynamic Modulus, and Resilient Modulus. The rheology test for EPG76 modified asphalt was carried out using DSR and showed that the value of EPG76 modified asphalt has increased to above Pen 60/70 asphalt. The polymer content of EPG76 modified asphalt can prevent asphalt properties became more rigid and more resistant to high temperatures. This mixture has a higher Resilient Modulus than Pen 60/70 asphalt at high temperatures and gives better crack resistance. Overall, the EPG76 modified asphalt mixture shows better performance under overload and high-temperature conditions.
The issues toward: low-energy, low-emissions, and environmentally-friendly construction methods i... more The issues toward: low-energy, low-emissions, and environmentally-friendly construction methods is taking root in the asphalts pavement industry, but it comes with the challenge of defining what actually "green" or "sustainable" pavement actually mean in practice. One of some definitions on "green or sustainable pavement" is: a pavement that minimizes all environmental impact through the reduction of energy consumption, reduction of natural resources and reduction of its associated emissions, while always meeting all performance conditions and standards [ Miller et al., 2009 ]. In Indonesia, the issue of "sustainable pavement", or more precisely "sustainable pavement materials" was not really published or recognized. The issue of "Green Construction" or "Sustainable Construction" could be more popular than "Sustainable pavement". In this paper, the issue "Sustainable Pavement" will be elaborated and discussed in detail, that considers also the yearly preservation program from the Directorate General of Bina Marga, Ministry of Public Works. Some researches using the local materials, such as: ASBUTON (Natural Asphalt), RAP (Recycled Asphalt Pavement) materials will be presented, showing that the local materials in Indonesia could be used or reused in pavement construction and that would give some benefits in performance, and also in line with the issue "sustainable pavement". Lastly, some recommendations could be proposed for the construction or preservation program of national, provincial and local roads in Indonesia, regarding the global issue on Sustainable Construction or Sustainable (pavement) Materials.
Jurnal wacana kinerja, Jun 25, 2020
The public service quality in The Investment and One Stop Service (TIOSS) Office of Bandung Barat... more The public service quality in The Investment and One Stop Service (TIOSS) Office of Bandung Barat Regency was not optimal. The public participation and discretion were the crucial factors to improve the quality of the public service. Hence, this research examined the influence of the public participation and discretion factors to improve the public service quality in TIOSS Office of Bandung Barat Regency. This research used the mixed method. Quantitative method was reflected through survei technique data collection which then was analyzed through Structural Equation Model and Partial Least Square. While qualitative method was reflected through Focus Group Discussion technique. The results were, first, public participation and the discretion had a positive and significant impact to the public service quality. Second, the public participation variable partially had a greater effect than the discretion variable to improve the quality of the public service. The research suggested that TIOSS Office of Bandung Barat Regency should undertake synergic, comprehensive, and continuous of public participation and discretion practices in order to improve public service quality.
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals), Apr 1, 2019
According to previous studies, a pervious concrete using continuously graded aggregate gives a be... more According to previous studies, a pervious concrete using continuously graded aggregate gives a better strength and approaches the condition of aggregate gradation on the field. The aim of this research is to study a pervious concrete mix-design for Indonesian Specification input category using continuously graded pervious concrete as an alternative rigid pavement base layer. Some advanced properties are applied to represent the required criteria for pavement base layer, i.e. elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, flexural strength, horizontal permeability, heterogeneity level, and dynamic elastic modulus. It is found that the pervious concrete with continuously graded tends to be more physically elastic when compared to normal concrete and has a better endurance against elastic deformation rather than normal concrete. Its static elastic modulus has a better relationship with horizontal permeability than flexural strength. Overall, five mix-designs have been successfully met the advanced properties criteria for rigid pavement base layer required by the Specification.
Jurnal Teknik Sipil, Apr 1, 2012
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi kinerja struktural dari perkerasan lentur ya... more Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi kinerja struktural dari perkerasan lentur yang terletak di Jalan Nasional PANTURA ruas Ciasem-Pamanukan. Dalam analisis kondisi struktural data lendutan FWD (Falling Weight Deflectometer) digunakan untuk menghitung beberapa variabel dalam metoda AASHTO 1993, yaitu: nilai Modulus Resilien dari Subgrade (M R), nilai Modulus Efektif di atas tanah dasar (E p). Kemudian perhitungan dilanjutkan dengan menggunakan data tebal perkerasan dan nilai PSI untuk mendapatkan Structural Number Original (SN O), kumulatif ESAL aktual, Structural Number Effective (SN eff), Umur Sisa Perkerasan dan Structural Number in Future (SN f). Hasil Analisis Struktural memberikan nilai Umur Sisauntuk tiap segmen dan juga rekomendasi penanganan yang diperlukan dengan menggunakan kriteria penanganan menurut Bina Marga,yaitu SN eff /SN f > 0,70. Perhitungan beban sumbu untuk kendaraan berat yang menggunakan WIM (Weight-in-Motion) data menunjukkan nilai Truck Factor yang sangat besar, contohnya : 91,54 untuk Gol.7C-3. Analisis beban sumbu secara umum juga menunjukkan bahwa kendaraan berat lebih suka menggunakan jalur cepat untuk setiap arah. Secara umum penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa Jalan Nasional PANTURA membutuhkan program pemeliharaan yang sangat intensif setiap tahun karena volume lalu lintas yang tinggi dan nilai Truck Factor yang sangat besar pada beberapa kendaraan berat.
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Papers by Bambang S U G E N G Subagio