Re-epithelialization is an important part in mucosal wound healing. Surprisingly little is known ... more Re-epithelialization is an important part in mucosal wound healing. Surprisingly little is known about the impact of diabetes on the molecular events of mucosal healing. We examined the role of the transcription factor forkhead box O1 (Foxo1) in oral wounds of diabetic and normoglycemic mice with keratinocyte-specific Foxo1 deletion. Diabetic mucosal wounds had significantly delayed healing with reduced cell migration and proliferation. Foxo1 deletion rescued the negative impact of diabetes on healing but had the opposite effect in normoglycemic mice. Diabetes in vivo and in high glucose conditions in vitro enhanced expression of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20) and interleukin-36γ (IL-36γ) in a Foxo1-dependent manner. High glucose–stimulated Foxo1 binding to CCL20 and IL-36γ promoters and CCL20 and IL-36γ significantly inhibited migration of these cells in high glucose conditions. In normal healing, Foxo1 was needed for transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression, and ...
Background and aim Different imaging modalities have been used as preoperative assessment tools s... more Background and aim Different imaging modalities have been used as preoperative assessment tools since the emergence of dental implants. This study aimed to compare the detection and presence of mental nerve anterior loop in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) radiograph and panoramic radiograph. Material and methods A descriptive, retrospective study was done. The optimal sample size was calculated using Epi Info software. According to the study population (795), the sample size was 259 cases which gave 95% power of the study. A previously taken CBCT and digital panoramic radiographs from the database of Taibah University Dental School and Hospital were observed by two trained and calibrated examiners to determine the presence of a mental nerve anterior loop and compare the two modalities. The mean length of the mental nerve anterior loop was also assessed. Results Mental nerve anterior loops were detected bilaterally in 57.1% and 17.4% using CBCT and panoramic radiographs, respectively. In CBCT, the right side (20.8%) had a higher prevalence of mental nerve anterior loop than the left side (12%). The mental nerve anterior loop was not visible in 49.4% of the cases using a panoramic radiograph, while CBCT gave 10% of cases as not visible. The mental nerve anterior loop average length was 1.8 ± 0.35 mm and the width was 1.7 ± 0.28 mm. The average distance from the mental foramen to the inferior border of the mandible was 12.1 ± 0.87 mm and the average distance from the mental frogmen to the mandibular midline was 25.1 ± 0.68 mm. Conclusion As differences between CBCT and panoramic radiographs were statistically significant, CBCT is more accurate and reliable. CBCT is recommended to be used as a preoperative assessment tool to minimize nerve injury-related surgical complications during implant placement at the mandibular premolar area.
Background and aim Radiographic assessment is an important diagnostic tool in dental practice. Co... more Background and aim Radiographic assessment is an important diagnostic tool in dental practice. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is among the most important imaging examinations. By providing multiplanar visualization of the maxillofacial region, CBCT enables practitioners to assess various conditions threedimensionally. CBCT is utilized in different fields within dentistry, including oral and maxillofacial surgery, endodontics, orthodontics, periodontics, implant dentistry, and others. Having access to accurate 3D images is crucial in implant dentistry. This study aimed to measure the crestal bone height loss and facial alveolar bone thickness in the maxillary anterior teeth using CBCT to investigate its effect on surgical planning for dental implant placement in adult patients. Material and methods CBCT scans (N = 119) of adults, aged 18-65 years, with bilateral permanent maxillary anterior teeth present were included in this retrospective study. The mean alveolar bone plate thickness and crest bone height loss adjacent to the maxillary anterior teeth were measured and differences were examined. Results The results suggest that additional care and assessment of dental implant placement should be considered when replacing the permanent lateral incisors and canines. The frequency of fenestrations and dehiscence is higher in older adults. Possible management includes guided bone regeneration or "pink restorative solutions." Conclusion CBCT analysis to assess the bone morphology surrounding "hopeless" maxillary anterior teeth is important to ensure proper diagnosis and management, including the use of dental implants.
In the article cited above, the affiliation “Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, Ta... more In the article cited above, the affiliation “Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia” was inadvertently omitted for author Badr Othman. The authors apologize for the error. The online version of the article (https://doi.org/10.2337/db14-0589) has been updated to correct the error.
Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clínica Integrada, 2018
To investigate the prevalence and contributing factors of antibiotic selfmedication for oral cond... more To investigate the prevalence and contributing factors of antibiotic selfmedication for oral conditions in dental patients. Material and Methods: A questionnaire was distributed to 501 patients attending Taibah University Dental College and Hospital, Al Madinah, Saudi Arabia during late 2016. Questions were on socio-demographic characteristics, and pattern of antibiotic self-medication for oral disease. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS software version 21. Statistical significance level was set at p ≤.05. Results: Age range was 15-64 years (29.08±9.32 years) with 297 females (59.3%) and 204 males (40.7%). 135 patients (27%) self-medicated with antibiotics for oral disease. This practice was statistically significantly associated with the older adults (p=0.001), lack of medical or dental insurance (p=0.014 and 0.007, respectively), and poor dental attendance (p=0.021). A number of 26 (25.7%) perceived analgesics as antibiotics. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid was the most commonly cited antibiotic by 18 patients (17.8%). Dental pain was the most frequently reported oral condition. Pharmacists were the most common source for antibiotic prescription cited by 58 (57.4%). Conclusion: Antibiotic self-medication for oral disease is associated with the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics for non-indicated clinical oral conditions. The practice was encouraged by lenient behavior of pharmacists, lack of health insurance, and poor dental attendance.
Background: Screening for medical conditions (MCs) of public health importance is a first step in... more Background: Screening for medical conditions (MCs) of public health importance is a first step in disease prevention and control. Prior studies in the United States found oral health care providers (OHCPS) embrace screening for increased risk of medical conditions in the dental setting. Our objectives were to assess Saudi Arabian (SA) dentist's attitudes, willingness and perceived barriers towards implementing screening for MCs into their dental practices. Methods: A self-administered, 5-point Likert Scale (1 = very important/willing to 5 = very unimportant/unwilling) questionnaire was given to a convenience sample of 190 practicing dentists. Friedman nonparametric analysis of variance was used to compare responses within each question. Results: Of the 143 responding dentists the mean age was 31 years; 102 (71%) were men. The majority felt it was important for a dentist to screen for cardiovascular disease (98.6%), hypertension (97.9%), diabetes (97.9%), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (97.9%), and hepatitis C virus (98.6%). Respondents were willing to refer a patient to a physician (97.9%); send samples to an outside laboratory (96.1%); conduct screening that yields immediate results (96.2%); and discuss results immediately with the patient (93.7%). Respondents were willing to measure/collect blood pressure (67.2%); weight and height (63.7%); and finger stick blood (54.6%). The whole responding dentists (100%) reported time as an important barrier. Respondents were significantly more willing to refer a patient for consultation than send samples to an outside laboratory (mean ranks: 2.32, 2.81, P < 0.001); significantly more willing to measure blood pressure than take oral fluids for salivary diagnostics (mean ranks 2.22, 2.75, p = 0.003). Insurance was significantly (P < 0.05) less important barrier than time, cost, patients' willingness or liability (mean ranks 3.56, 2.63, 3.00, 2.79, 3.02, respectively). Conclusions: The majority of dentists in this study reported positive attitudes towards and willingness to perform medical screenings in their practice. Time was an important factor.
Aim: This study was conducted to describe traumatic psychosocial impacts due to gingivitis and ha... more Aim: This study was conducted to describe traumatic psychosocial impacts due to gingivitis and halitosis people faces and its relation to visiting dental clinics for aids from Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in a random sample of 240 people. Among them, 9 participants were excluded because of the lack of information and total 231 participants (134 males and 97 females) included in the study. The data was collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed electronically among the people living all over the Madinah, Kindom of Saudi Arabia. Results: Mean age of the participant was 34.5. A maximum number of participants (70.6%) told the reason of bad odor was poor oral hygiene and could be get rid by home care (70.1%). Teeth pain (84.4%) was the main cause to visit the dentist. Males were more ashamed of bad odor compared to female, and there was a significant relationship between gender and social impact p = 0.001. Participants having gum infection were more ashamed in the society compared to the participants not having any gum infection (p = 0.001). Smokers were also more ashamed as compared to nonsmokers (p = 0.045). Conclusion: The patients who had gum diseases and smoking developed more psychosocial effect in the society, and it is due to halitosis develop either due to gum disease or smoking. So the main reason of psychosocial trauma is that indirect effect of halitosis, which produced due to gum infection. Clinical impact: People suffering from gingivitis and halitosis go to psychological trauma and they need a clinical solution to overcome from these.
To study bone profile (facial bone thickness and height of alveolar bone crest) of anterior maxil... more To study bone profile (facial bone thickness and height of alveolar bone crest) of anterior maxillary teeth in the aesthetic area among Saudi dentulous adults.
Introduction: Computerized tomography (CT)-guided implant surgery has been used to perform minima... more Introduction: Computerized tomography (CT)-guided implant surgery has been used to perform minimally invasive implant placement. In many cases, the procedure may be performed along with immediate restoration. Inaccuracies related to the CT scan itself and the surgical technique often result in implant positions which are slightly different from those that were planned. If immediate restoration and/or loading is desired, a prosthetic technique must be used that can easily account for this discrepancy. Case Presentation: A 43-year-old male patient with a completely edentulous maxilla and mandible presented to the Periodontics Clinic at the University of Pennsylvania. Implants were placed in both the maxilla and mandible using a minimally invasive CT-guided approach. The dentures that were fabricated for him were converted into fixed hybrid restorations at the time of surgery using two different techniques that took into account any discrepancy between the surgical plan and the actual placement. Conclusions: With meticulous planning and appropriate prosthetic technique, CT-guided surgery can be used to perform minimally invasive implant surgery and immediate restoration of edentulous jaws. This approach can provide lower morbidity along with a more accurate, fast, and convenient result for the patient. Clin Adv Periodontics 2013;3:89-94.
The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry
The purpose of this article is to demonstrate an alternative method for sinus augmentation throug... more The purpose of this article is to demonstrate an alternative method for sinus augmentation through a palatal approach when complications do not allow the use of traditional approaches. A 50-year-old male patient presented with multiple previous sinus augmentation attempts. A cone beam computed tomography scan revealed bone graft material had consolidated on the buccal aspect of the lateral sinus wall only, preventing implant placement while not allowing access via a conventional lateral window technique to improve the graft bulk. A palatal approach was adopted as an alternative method of sinus entry and is presented in this case report. The authors suggest that a palatal approach technique is a safe and effective method to complete a sinus augmentation where a buccal approach is impractical.
Re-epithelialization is an important part in mucosal wound healing. Surprisingly little is known ... more Re-epithelialization is an important part in mucosal wound healing. Surprisingly little is known about the impact of diabetes on the molecular events of mucosal healing. We examined the role of the transcription factor forkhead box O1 (Foxo1) in oral wounds of diabetic and normoglycemic mice with keratinocyte-specific Foxo1 deletion. Diabetic mucosal wounds had significantly delayed healing with reduced cell migration and proliferation. Foxo1 deletion rescued the negative impact of diabetes on healing but had the opposite effect in normoglycemic mice. Diabetes in vivo and in high glucose conditions in vitro enhanced expression of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20) and interleukin-36γ (IL-36γ) in a Foxo1-dependent manner. High glucose–stimulated Foxo1 binding to CCL20 and IL-36γ promoters and CCL20 and IL-36γ significantly inhibited migration of these cells in high glucose conditions. In normal healing, Foxo1 was needed for transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression, and ...
Re-epithelialization is an important part in mucosal wound healing. Surprisingly little is known ... more Re-epithelialization is an important part in mucosal wound healing. Surprisingly little is known about the impact of diabetes on the molecular events of mucosal healing. We examined the role of the transcription factor forkhead box O1 (Foxo1) in oral wounds of diabetic and normoglycemic mice with keratinocyte-specific Foxo1 deletion. Diabetic mucosal wounds had significantly delayed healing with reduced cell migration and proliferation. Foxo1 deletion rescued the negative impact of diabetes on healing but had the opposite effect in normoglycemic mice. Diabetes in vivo and in high glucose conditions in vitro enhanced expression of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20) and interleukin-36γ (IL-36γ) in a Foxo1-dependent manner. High glucose–stimulated Foxo1 binding to CCL20 and IL-36γ promoters and CCL20 and IL-36γ significantly inhibited migration of these cells in high glucose conditions. In normal healing, Foxo1 was needed for transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression, and ...
Background and aim Different imaging modalities have been used as preoperative assessment tools s... more Background and aim Different imaging modalities have been used as preoperative assessment tools since the emergence of dental implants. This study aimed to compare the detection and presence of mental nerve anterior loop in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) radiograph and panoramic radiograph. Material and methods A descriptive, retrospective study was done. The optimal sample size was calculated using Epi Info software. According to the study population (795), the sample size was 259 cases which gave 95% power of the study. A previously taken CBCT and digital panoramic radiographs from the database of Taibah University Dental School and Hospital were observed by two trained and calibrated examiners to determine the presence of a mental nerve anterior loop and compare the two modalities. The mean length of the mental nerve anterior loop was also assessed. Results Mental nerve anterior loops were detected bilaterally in 57.1% and 17.4% using CBCT and panoramic radiographs, respectively. In CBCT, the right side (20.8%) had a higher prevalence of mental nerve anterior loop than the left side (12%). The mental nerve anterior loop was not visible in 49.4% of the cases using a panoramic radiograph, while CBCT gave 10% of cases as not visible. The mental nerve anterior loop average length was 1.8 ± 0.35 mm and the width was 1.7 ± 0.28 mm. The average distance from the mental foramen to the inferior border of the mandible was 12.1 ± 0.87 mm and the average distance from the mental frogmen to the mandibular midline was 25.1 ± 0.68 mm. Conclusion As differences between CBCT and panoramic radiographs were statistically significant, CBCT is more accurate and reliable. CBCT is recommended to be used as a preoperative assessment tool to minimize nerve injury-related surgical complications during implant placement at the mandibular premolar area.
Background and aim Radiographic assessment is an important diagnostic tool in dental practice. Co... more Background and aim Radiographic assessment is an important diagnostic tool in dental practice. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is among the most important imaging examinations. By providing multiplanar visualization of the maxillofacial region, CBCT enables practitioners to assess various conditions threedimensionally. CBCT is utilized in different fields within dentistry, including oral and maxillofacial surgery, endodontics, orthodontics, periodontics, implant dentistry, and others. Having access to accurate 3D images is crucial in implant dentistry. This study aimed to measure the crestal bone height loss and facial alveolar bone thickness in the maxillary anterior teeth using CBCT to investigate its effect on surgical planning for dental implant placement in adult patients. Material and methods CBCT scans (N = 119) of adults, aged 18-65 years, with bilateral permanent maxillary anterior teeth present were included in this retrospective study. The mean alveolar bone plate thickness and crest bone height loss adjacent to the maxillary anterior teeth were measured and differences were examined. Results The results suggest that additional care and assessment of dental implant placement should be considered when replacing the permanent lateral incisors and canines. The frequency of fenestrations and dehiscence is higher in older adults. Possible management includes guided bone regeneration or "pink restorative solutions." Conclusion CBCT analysis to assess the bone morphology surrounding "hopeless" maxillary anterior teeth is important to ensure proper diagnosis and management, including the use of dental implants.
In the article cited above, the affiliation “Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, Ta... more In the article cited above, the affiliation “Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia” was inadvertently omitted for author Badr Othman. The authors apologize for the error. The online version of the article (https://doi.org/10.2337/db14-0589) has been updated to correct the error.
Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clínica Integrada, 2018
To investigate the prevalence and contributing factors of antibiotic selfmedication for oral cond... more To investigate the prevalence and contributing factors of antibiotic selfmedication for oral conditions in dental patients. Material and Methods: A questionnaire was distributed to 501 patients attending Taibah University Dental College and Hospital, Al Madinah, Saudi Arabia during late 2016. Questions were on socio-demographic characteristics, and pattern of antibiotic self-medication for oral disease. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS software version 21. Statistical significance level was set at p ≤.05. Results: Age range was 15-64 years (29.08±9.32 years) with 297 females (59.3%) and 204 males (40.7%). 135 patients (27%) self-medicated with antibiotics for oral disease. This practice was statistically significantly associated with the older adults (p=0.001), lack of medical or dental insurance (p=0.014 and 0.007, respectively), and poor dental attendance (p=0.021). A number of 26 (25.7%) perceived analgesics as antibiotics. Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid was the most commonly cited antibiotic by 18 patients (17.8%). Dental pain was the most frequently reported oral condition. Pharmacists were the most common source for antibiotic prescription cited by 58 (57.4%). Conclusion: Antibiotic self-medication for oral disease is associated with the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics for non-indicated clinical oral conditions. The practice was encouraged by lenient behavior of pharmacists, lack of health insurance, and poor dental attendance.
Background: Screening for medical conditions (MCs) of public health importance is a first step in... more Background: Screening for medical conditions (MCs) of public health importance is a first step in disease prevention and control. Prior studies in the United States found oral health care providers (OHCPS) embrace screening for increased risk of medical conditions in the dental setting. Our objectives were to assess Saudi Arabian (SA) dentist's attitudes, willingness and perceived barriers towards implementing screening for MCs into their dental practices. Methods: A self-administered, 5-point Likert Scale (1 = very important/willing to 5 = very unimportant/unwilling) questionnaire was given to a convenience sample of 190 practicing dentists. Friedman nonparametric analysis of variance was used to compare responses within each question. Results: Of the 143 responding dentists the mean age was 31 years; 102 (71%) were men. The majority felt it was important for a dentist to screen for cardiovascular disease (98.6%), hypertension (97.9%), diabetes (97.9%), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (97.9%), and hepatitis C virus (98.6%). Respondents were willing to refer a patient to a physician (97.9%); send samples to an outside laboratory (96.1%); conduct screening that yields immediate results (96.2%); and discuss results immediately with the patient (93.7%). Respondents were willing to measure/collect blood pressure (67.2%); weight and height (63.7%); and finger stick blood (54.6%). The whole responding dentists (100%) reported time as an important barrier. Respondents were significantly more willing to refer a patient for consultation than send samples to an outside laboratory (mean ranks: 2.32, 2.81, P < 0.001); significantly more willing to measure blood pressure than take oral fluids for salivary diagnostics (mean ranks 2.22, 2.75, p = 0.003). Insurance was significantly (P < 0.05) less important barrier than time, cost, patients' willingness or liability (mean ranks 3.56, 2.63, 3.00, 2.79, 3.02, respectively). Conclusions: The majority of dentists in this study reported positive attitudes towards and willingness to perform medical screenings in their practice. Time was an important factor.
Aim: This study was conducted to describe traumatic psychosocial impacts due to gingivitis and ha... more Aim: This study was conducted to describe traumatic psychosocial impacts due to gingivitis and halitosis people faces and its relation to visiting dental clinics for aids from Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in a random sample of 240 people. Among them, 9 participants were excluded because of the lack of information and total 231 participants (134 males and 97 females) included in the study. The data was collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed electronically among the people living all over the Madinah, Kindom of Saudi Arabia. Results: Mean age of the participant was 34.5. A maximum number of participants (70.6%) told the reason of bad odor was poor oral hygiene and could be get rid by home care (70.1%). Teeth pain (84.4%) was the main cause to visit the dentist. Males were more ashamed of bad odor compared to female, and there was a significant relationship between gender and social impact p = 0.001. Participants having gum infection were more ashamed in the society compared to the participants not having any gum infection (p = 0.001). Smokers were also more ashamed as compared to nonsmokers (p = 0.045). Conclusion: The patients who had gum diseases and smoking developed more psychosocial effect in the society, and it is due to halitosis develop either due to gum disease or smoking. So the main reason of psychosocial trauma is that indirect effect of halitosis, which produced due to gum infection. Clinical impact: People suffering from gingivitis and halitosis go to psychological trauma and they need a clinical solution to overcome from these.
To study bone profile (facial bone thickness and height of alveolar bone crest) of anterior maxil... more To study bone profile (facial bone thickness and height of alveolar bone crest) of anterior maxillary teeth in the aesthetic area among Saudi dentulous adults.
Introduction: Computerized tomography (CT)-guided implant surgery has been used to perform minima... more Introduction: Computerized tomography (CT)-guided implant surgery has been used to perform minimally invasive implant placement. In many cases, the procedure may be performed along with immediate restoration. Inaccuracies related to the CT scan itself and the surgical technique often result in implant positions which are slightly different from those that were planned. If immediate restoration and/or loading is desired, a prosthetic technique must be used that can easily account for this discrepancy. Case Presentation: A 43-year-old male patient with a completely edentulous maxilla and mandible presented to the Periodontics Clinic at the University of Pennsylvania. Implants were placed in both the maxilla and mandible using a minimally invasive CT-guided approach. The dentures that were fabricated for him were converted into fixed hybrid restorations at the time of surgery using two different techniques that took into account any discrepancy between the surgical plan and the actual placement. Conclusions: With meticulous planning and appropriate prosthetic technique, CT-guided surgery can be used to perform minimally invasive implant surgery and immediate restoration of edentulous jaws. This approach can provide lower morbidity along with a more accurate, fast, and convenient result for the patient. Clin Adv Periodontics 2013;3:89-94.
The International journal of periodontics & restorative dentistry
The purpose of this article is to demonstrate an alternative method for sinus augmentation throug... more The purpose of this article is to demonstrate an alternative method for sinus augmentation through a palatal approach when complications do not allow the use of traditional approaches. A 50-year-old male patient presented with multiple previous sinus augmentation attempts. A cone beam computed tomography scan revealed bone graft material had consolidated on the buccal aspect of the lateral sinus wall only, preventing implant placement while not allowing access via a conventional lateral window technique to improve the graft bulk. A palatal approach was adopted as an alternative method of sinus entry and is presented in this case report. The authors suggest that a palatal approach technique is a safe and effective method to complete a sinus augmentation where a buccal approach is impractical.
Re-epithelialization is an important part in mucosal wound healing. Surprisingly little is known ... more Re-epithelialization is an important part in mucosal wound healing. Surprisingly little is known about the impact of diabetes on the molecular events of mucosal healing. We examined the role of the transcription factor forkhead box O1 (Foxo1) in oral wounds of diabetic and normoglycemic mice with keratinocyte-specific Foxo1 deletion. Diabetic mucosal wounds had significantly delayed healing with reduced cell migration and proliferation. Foxo1 deletion rescued the negative impact of diabetes on healing but had the opposite effect in normoglycemic mice. Diabetes in vivo and in high glucose conditions in vitro enhanced expression of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20) and interleukin-36γ (IL-36γ) in a Foxo1-dependent manner. High glucose–stimulated Foxo1 binding to CCL20 and IL-36γ promoters and CCL20 and IL-36γ significantly inhibited migration of these cells in high glucose conditions. In normal healing, Foxo1 was needed for transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression, and ...
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