Introduction: The aim of this case-control study was to evaluate the association between periodon... more Introduction: The aim of this case-control study was to evaluate the association between periodontitis and breast cancer in a sample of adult Brazilian women. Material and Methods: This was a hospital-based study, which included 67 cases and 134 controls (1:2). Women were selected consecutively between April, 2013 and June, 2015 among those attending the Department of Gynecology at the University Hospital of Santa Maria. Cases were selected among women diagnosed with breast cancer (ICD-10 C50), and controls were matched for age (T2 years), and smoking status (never, former and current smoker). Conditional logistic regression was used to model the association between periodontitis and breast cancer with and without adjustment for potential confounders. Four case definitions for periodontitis were used. Results: Cases had significantly greater clinical attachment loss than controls (P=.04). After adjusting for important covariates, women diagnosed with periodontitis had two to three t...
Aim:To evaluate the periodontal risk of subjects using periodontal risk assessment (PRA) model, m... more Aim:To evaluate the periodontal risk of subjects using periodontal risk assessment (PRA) model, modified PRA model and PRAS (periodontal risk assessment diagram surface [PRAS]) score. Materials and method:Fifty chronic periodontitis patients, aged 30-60 years were selected and comprehensive periodontal evaluation was performed. Parameters namely percentage of sites with bleeding on probing, number of sites with pocket depths ≥ 5mm, number of the teeth lost, Bone loss/age ratio, (CAL)/age ratio, diabetic and smoking status, systemic factors, as well as socioeconomic status (Kuppuswamy’s classification) were recorded. All the risk factors were plotted on a radar chart for PRA, MPRA and PRAS models, using Microsoft excel 2007 and periodontal risk was categorized as low, moderate and high risk (for PRA, MPRA models), or low to moderate and high risk (for PRAS). Results: Amongst 50 patients, 26 were at high risk, 4 at moderate risk, and 20 at low risk according to PRA model. Whereas, acc...
Fibro epithelial polyps [FEP] are small round knob like outgrowths that can form anywhere on muco... more Fibro epithelial polyps [FEP] are small round knob like outgrowths that can form anywhere on mucosa but are most common on tongue, lips and cheek along the occlusal line. They have a fibrous core covered by normal epithelium and are smoothmargined, and cylindrical, sessile. They are usually solitary, and reports of multiple, bilateral polyps are extremely rare. These polyps clinically appear as firm, pink, painless, sessile or pedunculated, polypoid swelling with varying size which range in a few millimetres (Lee. 1968).
Aim of the study: dentistry among dental undergraduate students. Materials and Methods: students ... more Aim of the study: dentistry among dental undergraduate students. Materials and Methods: students of Sri Sai College of Dental Sur questions pertaining to awareness of lasers in dental undergraduate students will be given and data obtained will be analysed. Results: general, majority of them had insufficient knowledge about dental lasers in various disciplines of dentistry. Conclusion: education supported by practical evidences and experiences.
Journal of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry, 2012
Background and aims. The role of genetic factors and oxidative damage in the etiopathogenesis of ... more Background and aims. The role of genetic factors and oxidative damage in the etiopathogenesis of periodontal disease is well documented in the literature. The micronucleus test is a sensitive method that indicates DNA damage. The aim of the present study was to investigate the micronuclei frequency in different forms of periodontitis in comparison with healthy controls. Materials and methods. Micronuclei frequency was analyzed in the peripheral lymphocytes of 10 patients with chronic periodontitis (CP), 10 patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP) and 10 healthy controls. Various clinical parameters like the probing depth, clinical attachment level, and percentages of sites with bleeding and plaque were recorded. After the slides were processed, they were stained with 5% Geimsa solution and 1000 cells per sample were counted for the presence of micronuclei. Results. The mean micronuclei observed in the control group, CP group, and GAP group were 9.8, 10.1 and 9.9, res...
Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences, 2016
Halitosis is a common problem in the general population and has a significant impact on social an... more Halitosis is a common problem in the general population and has a significant impact on social and psychological aspect. Research has found a correlation between bacterial load of the tongue and halitosis. Therefore, treatment approaches that reduce this bacterial load in combination with substances that combat oral malodor can be considered. This study attempts to utilize the efficacy of aloe vera in the management of halitosis. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of tongue cleaning with aloe vera gel versus a regular fluoride containing tooth paste in the treatment of oral malodour. 28 systemically healthy subjects with halitosis (organoleptic scoring ?2, and VSC scores ?150 ppb) were recruited from the outpatient department of Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad. The subjects are randomly divided into two groups. Group A were instructed to perform tooth brushing along with tongue cleaning. Group B performed tooth brushing along with tongue cleaning wit...
Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of four topical antimicrobial dental gels as... more Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of four topical antimicrobial dental gels as an adjunct to mechanical plaque control in chronic gingivitis patients.Materials and Methods: This was a randomized four arm parallel study including forty systemically healthy patients with chronic generalized gingivitis (MGI>1). They were randomly assigned into four groups i.e, group oneCurcuma gel, group twoChlorhexidine gluconate gel group threePovidone Iodine gel, group fourMetronidazole gel. After a thorough scaling, the subjects were instructed to use the topical gel assigned to them twice a day for a period of three weeks. The clinical parameters viz. Plaque Index (PI), Modified Gingival Index (MGI) and Sulcus bleeding index (SBI) were recorded at baseline and at the end of the study period (three weeks). Intra and inter-group comparisons of clinical parameters were done using appropriate statistical tests. Results: No significant differences were seen among the four study gr...
Background: Assessment of periodontal biotype is an important element in clinical practice. The i... more Background: Assessment of periodontal biotype is an important element in clinical practice. The influence of gingival thickness has been documented in various applications including non-surgical periodontal therapy, mucogingival therapy, guided tissue regeneration, crown lengthening and implant dentistry. Differences in the gingival and osseous architecture have been shown to exhibit significant impact on the outcome of restorative therapy. Many methods have been tried in assessing periodontal biotype, and it is proved that probe visibility is not a reliable indicator in assessing periodontal biotype.Therefore the present study was conducted to evaluate the association between alveolar bone thickness and overlying soft tissue by comparing the values obtained by CBCT and transgingival probing. Aim: The present study is to evaluate the association between alveolar bone thickness and overlying soft tissue thickness by correlating information obtained by transgingival probing and CBCT. ...
10.21276/sajb.2017.5.12.10 Abstract: Periodontal disease results from an interaction between the ... more 10.21276/sajb.2017.5.12.10 Abstract: Periodontal disease results from an interaction between the host’s defense mechanisms and the microorganisms that constitute the dental plaque biofilm. Therefore, the progression and severity of the disease are strongly modulated by dysfunctions in cellular immune responses, particularly, T cell responses. These dysfunctions can be reflected through blood parameters such as CD4:CD8 ratio, absolute eosinophil count and complete blood count, measurement of which can provide insight into the disease process. The aim of the present study is to comparatively evaluate the differences in CD4:CD8 ratio in the peripheral blood, absolute eosinophil count and complete blood picture in healthy subjects and chronic periodontitis patients. 10 subjects with clinically healthy periodontium and 10 patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis were recruited from the outpatient department of Periodontics, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad. Foll...
The present article reports a case of 3-year-old child with swelling of gingiva on upper front te... more The present article reports a case of 3-year-old child with swelling of gingiva on upper front teeth since few weeks and its management with diode laser. The lesion was excised with laser and sent for histopathological examination. The final diagnosis was squamous papilloma. For intraoral soft tissue surgical techniques, the laser is a feasible substitute to the scalpel. In the contemporary dental practice using laser technology, procedures can be executed with less invasive methods especially in pediatric practice.
The aim of the study is to evaluate the prevalence, severity, distribution of gingival pigmentati... more The aim of the study is to evaluate the prevalence, severity, distribution of gingival pigmentation, influence of age and gender on pigmentation, and to correlate the colour of the gingiva with facial skin complexion. 500 systemically healthy subjects were included in the study and were divided into five groups with 100 in each group: <6 months (I), 6 months to 5 years (II), 5 to 15 years (III), 15 to 35 years (IV) and 35 to 55 years (V). All the subjects facial complexion was recorded using the Fitzpatrick scale. Severity of the gingival pigmentation was recorded using DummettGupta Oral Pigmentation index and distribution was recorded using de Krom Oral Pigmentation Chart. Gingival pigmentation was found in all the subjects of the observed sample. Mandible has shown significantly more gingival pigmentation than maxilla, anterior more than posterior, labial more than lingual. There was a statistically significant increase in the gingival pigmentation from group I to III and decre...
Background: Calcium (Ca) mineral is the fifth most abundant and essential element present in the ... more Background: Calcium (Ca) mineral is the fifth most abundant and essential element present in the bones and teeth, offering a structural function. It is vital for proper development and maintenance of calcified oral tissues. The deficiency of serum calcium is a risk factor periodontal disease and salivary calcium, due to its affinity to be readily taken up by plaque, is an important factor not only with regard to the onset of periodontitis but also significantly with regard to dental health. Therefore, the present study was conducted to estimate and compare the serum and salivary calcium levels in healthy subjects and periodontitis patients. Aim: The aim of this study is to estimate and compare serum and salivary calcium levels in healthy subjects and patients with periodontitis. Material and methods: The study group comprises individuals attending to the outpatient Department of Periodontics, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery. The study population consists of 30 subjects, divided in...
Aim: The aim of this study is to compare anesthetic, hemodynamic, vasoconstrictive, and SpO2varia... more Aim: The aim of this study is to compare anesthetic, hemodynamic, vasoconstrictive, and SpO2variability of 0.5% ropivacaine to the “gold standard” lignocaine (2%) with epinephrine (1:80,000) during periodontal surgery. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 systemically healthy controls meeting the inclusion criteria were selected from the Outpatient Department of Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery. Preoperatively, all participants were infiltrated with 0.5 ml of 0.5% ropivacaine intradermally as test solution to record any allergic reaction. Open flap debridement was performed using local anesthesia containing 2% lignocaine hydrochloride with 1:80,000 epinephrine or 0.5% ropivacaine. Recordings were made of the time of onset, duration of action, the intensity, and depth of anesthesia and various hemodynamic changes throughout the surgical procedure. In addition, blood loss volume and postoperative pain were also assessed. Results: Ropivacaine showed statistically longer duration of action (mean±SD =5.3±0.71 hrs) than lignocaine with epinephrine (mean=2.14±0.98 hrs). Blood loss during flap surgery was comparatively less when performed under ropivacaine. No statistical differences were observed in systolic BP, diastolic BP, SpO2 and heart rate during different stages of periodontal surgery between either of the local anesthetic agents Conclusion: Ropivacaine demonstrates comparable efficacy as lignocaine with added advantage of longer duration of action and superior postoperative pain control. No adverse events from this newer anesthetic were noted, and hence, it can be used safely as a viable local anesthetic for periodontal surgical procedures.
International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry
Oral habits in the form of thumb sucking and tongue thrusting are commonly learned patterns of be... more Oral habits in the form of thumb sucking and tongue thrusting are commonly learned patterns of behavior seen in preschool children and they are associated with anxiety, fear, hunger, oral pressure, and sleep. Chronic practice can cause dentoalveolar, perioral problems, and atypical root resorption (ARR) of anterior primary teeth. The ARR is provoked by the thumb sucking habit, and leads to early loss of anterior primary teeth. The early loss of anterior tooth may result in speech and masticatory problems, and psychological disturbance to the child. Hence, pediatric dentists play a crucial role in giving necessary information to parents and guardians. Starting from counseling to appliance therapy, various treatment modalities have been reported in the literature. One of them is bluegrass appliance; it is a nonpunitive habit reminder therapy. The present case report describes a customized hybrid bluegrass appliance designed to eliminate thumb sucking and tongue thrusting habit, and to...
Introduction: Cyclosporine A (CsA), an immunosuppressant, is considered a life saver drug in orga... more Introduction: Cyclosporine A (CsA), an immunosuppressant, is considered a life saver drug in organ transplant cases. It has also been tested in animal and human studies for periodontal applications as it selectively inhibits T lymphocyte proliferation, Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and other cytokine production, without any effect on T suppressor cells, thereby suppressing the cell mediated immunity and suppressing the inflammation. Inflammatory and immunological responses have been found to be decreased and bone formation is found to be increased in immunosuppressed animals. CsA is also supposed to potentiate osseous regeneration due to increase in the bone alkaline phosphatase levels and a direct activating effect on osteoblasts. Aim: The present study was aimed at evaluating locally administered low dose of CsA which is potent immunosuppressant along with β-Tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) in comparison with β TCP alone, in the treatment of human infrabony defects, over a period of six months. Materials and Methods: Thirty two systemically healthy chronic periodontitis patients with infrabony defects were included in the randomized, controlled, parallel arm study and were allocated into either Group A (n =16), patients treated with β-TCP + CsA (2 mg) or Group B (n =16), patients treated with β-TCP. Clinical parameters [Relative Attachment Level (RAL), Probing Depth (PD), Gingival Recession (GR)] and radiographic parameters were measured at baseline and six months postoperatively. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 16 software. Student's paired and independent t-test were used for intra and inter-group analysis. Results: Both Group A and Group B showed statistically significant improvements in clinical and radiographic parameters from base line to six months post-operatively. The Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) gain, Linear Bone Growth (LBG) and Percentage Bone Fill (% BF) were 2.38±1.12 mm, 1.90±1.48 mm and 49.83±29.23 mm in Group A and 2.57±1.22 mm, 2.03±1.16 mm and 62.84±29.70 mm in Group B respectively, inter group comparison showed no statistically significant difference. Conclusion: Both the groups revealed statistically significant improvement in clinical and radiographic parameters and adjunctive use of CsA did not prove beneficial. www.jcdr.net Jyotsna Amalakara et al., Cyclosporine A and β-TCP in Human Infra Bony Defects
Introduction: Inadequate vestibular depth results in poor plaque control owing to an insufficient... more Introduction: Inadequate vestibular depth results in poor plaque control owing to an insufficient width of keratinized gingiva. Vestibuloplasty provides the necessary vestibular depth and can be performed either with a scalpel, electrocautery or lasers. Aim: To evaluate the patient perceptions related to pain and discomfort on the 1 st , 3 rd and the 7 th day post vestibuloplasty and also assess the healing outcomes related to the treatment of inadequate vestibular depth either with the diode laser or the scalpel. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients who had inadequate vestibular depth and required vestibuloplasty were assigned randomly to undergo the procedure either with the scalpel or the laser. The data obtained was analysed for intergroup comparison with an independent paired t-test and intragroup comparison was determined by a paired t-test. results: Intragroup comparison within the laser group for VAS scores of pain and discomfort within all the reported days exhibited a significant difference (p<0.05). Inter group comparison revealed that the patients in the laser group had lower VAS cores for pain and discomfort compared to the scalpel group (p<0.05). Analysis of the three pointer scale for healing revealed that the patients in the laser group exhibited better healing outcomes on the 1 st , 3 rd and the 7 th day compared to the scalpel group. conclusion: Observations from the study highlight the opinion that laser can be a safe and effective alternative to traditional vestibuloplasty performed with the scalpel. www.jcdr.net Butchibabu Kalakonda et al., A Comparison of Scalpel and Laser-Assisted Vestibuloplasty
Purpose of the Study: The aim was to evaluate the patient's perception of pain associated wit... more Purpose of the Study: The aim was to evaluate the patient's perception of pain associated with phonation, deglutition, and normal function following a lingual frenectomy using a scalpel and laser. Materials and Methods: This study included two groups of patients of five subjects each who reported with difficulty in speaking and deglutition. Patients in Group I were treated using scalpel and those in Group II underwent laser (diode) frenectomy. All these patients are evaluated for postoperative pain on 1 st , 3 rd and 7 th day. Results: The intergroup comparison of mean visual analog scale (VAS) scores for pain in both the groups showed significant differences. The intragroup comparison of mean VAS scores for pain within the scalpel group did not show any significant difference between the 1 st and 3 rd day, however, when the mean VAS scores of the 7 th day were compared with those on the 1 st and 3 rd day, the difference was highly significant. The intragroup comparison of mean VAS scores for pain within the laser group among all the days showed a significant difference. Conclusion: The results of the present study results showed that the patient's perception of pain associated with tongue movements following lingual frenectomy with laser is lesser when compared with scalpel.
Introduction: The aim of this case-control study was to evaluate the association between periodon... more Introduction: The aim of this case-control study was to evaluate the association between periodontitis and breast cancer in a sample of adult Brazilian women. Material and Methods: This was a hospital-based study, which included 67 cases and 134 controls (1:2). Women were selected consecutively between April, 2013 and June, 2015 among those attending the Department of Gynecology at the University Hospital of Santa Maria. Cases were selected among women diagnosed with breast cancer (ICD-10 C50), and controls were matched for age (T2 years), and smoking status (never, former and current smoker). Conditional logistic regression was used to model the association between periodontitis and breast cancer with and without adjustment for potential confounders. Four case definitions for periodontitis were used. Results: Cases had significantly greater clinical attachment loss than controls (P=.04). After adjusting for important covariates, women diagnosed with periodontitis had two to three t...
Aim:To evaluate the periodontal risk of subjects using periodontal risk assessment (PRA) model, m... more Aim:To evaluate the periodontal risk of subjects using periodontal risk assessment (PRA) model, modified PRA model and PRAS (periodontal risk assessment diagram surface [PRAS]) score. Materials and method:Fifty chronic periodontitis patients, aged 30-60 years were selected and comprehensive periodontal evaluation was performed. Parameters namely percentage of sites with bleeding on probing, number of sites with pocket depths ≥ 5mm, number of the teeth lost, Bone loss/age ratio, (CAL)/age ratio, diabetic and smoking status, systemic factors, as well as socioeconomic status (Kuppuswamy’s classification) were recorded. All the risk factors were plotted on a radar chart for PRA, MPRA and PRAS models, using Microsoft excel 2007 and periodontal risk was categorized as low, moderate and high risk (for PRA, MPRA models), or low to moderate and high risk (for PRAS). Results: Amongst 50 patients, 26 were at high risk, 4 at moderate risk, and 20 at low risk according to PRA model. Whereas, acc...
Fibro epithelial polyps [FEP] are small round knob like outgrowths that can form anywhere on muco... more Fibro epithelial polyps [FEP] are small round knob like outgrowths that can form anywhere on mucosa but are most common on tongue, lips and cheek along the occlusal line. They have a fibrous core covered by normal epithelium and are smoothmargined, and cylindrical, sessile. They are usually solitary, and reports of multiple, bilateral polyps are extremely rare. These polyps clinically appear as firm, pink, painless, sessile or pedunculated, polypoid swelling with varying size which range in a few millimetres (Lee. 1968).
Aim of the study: dentistry among dental undergraduate students. Materials and Methods: students ... more Aim of the study: dentistry among dental undergraduate students. Materials and Methods: students of Sri Sai College of Dental Sur questions pertaining to awareness of lasers in dental undergraduate students will be given and data obtained will be analysed. Results: general, majority of them had insufficient knowledge about dental lasers in various disciplines of dentistry. Conclusion: education supported by practical evidences and experiences.
Journal of Periodontology & Implant Dentistry, 2012
Background and aims. The role of genetic factors and oxidative damage in the etiopathogenesis of ... more Background and aims. The role of genetic factors and oxidative damage in the etiopathogenesis of periodontal disease is well documented in the literature. The micronucleus test is a sensitive method that indicates DNA damage. The aim of the present study was to investigate the micronuclei frequency in different forms of periodontitis in comparison with healthy controls. Materials and methods. Micronuclei frequency was analyzed in the peripheral lymphocytes of 10 patients with chronic periodontitis (CP), 10 patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP) and 10 healthy controls. Various clinical parameters like the probing depth, clinical attachment level, and percentages of sites with bleeding and plaque were recorded. After the slides were processed, they were stained with 5% Geimsa solution and 1000 cells per sample were counted for the presence of micronuclei. Results. The mean micronuclei observed in the control group, CP group, and GAP group were 9.8, 10.1 and 9.9, res...
Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences, 2016
Halitosis is a common problem in the general population and has a significant impact on social an... more Halitosis is a common problem in the general population and has a significant impact on social and psychological aspect. Research has found a correlation between bacterial load of the tongue and halitosis. Therefore, treatment approaches that reduce this bacterial load in combination with substances that combat oral malodor can be considered. This study attempts to utilize the efficacy of aloe vera in the management of halitosis. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of tongue cleaning with aloe vera gel versus a regular fluoride containing tooth paste in the treatment of oral malodour. 28 systemically healthy subjects with halitosis (organoleptic scoring ?2, and VSC scores ?150 ppb) were recruited from the outpatient department of Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad. The subjects are randomly divided into two groups. Group A were instructed to perform tooth brushing along with tongue cleaning. Group B performed tooth brushing along with tongue cleaning wit...
Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of four topical antimicrobial dental gels as... more Aim: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of four topical antimicrobial dental gels as an adjunct to mechanical plaque control in chronic gingivitis patients.Materials and Methods: This was a randomized four arm parallel study including forty systemically healthy patients with chronic generalized gingivitis (MGI>1). They were randomly assigned into four groups i.e, group oneCurcuma gel, group twoChlorhexidine gluconate gel group threePovidone Iodine gel, group fourMetronidazole gel. After a thorough scaling, the subjects were instructed to use the topical gel assigned to them twice a day for a period of three weeks. The clinical parameters viz. Plaque Index (PI), Modified Gingival Index (MGI) and Sulcus bleeding index (SBI) were recorded at baseline and at the end of the study period (three weeks). Intra and inter-group comparisons of clinical parameters were done using appropriate statistical tests. Results: No significant differences were seen among the four study gr...
Background: Assessment of periodontal biotype is an important element in clinical practice. The i... more Background: Assessment of periodontal biotype is an important element in clinical practice. The influence of gingival thickness has been documented in various applications including non-surgical periodontal therapy, mucogingival therapy, guided tissue regeneration, crown lengthening and implant dentistry. Differences in the gingival and osseous architecture have been shown to exhibit significant impact on the outcome of restorative therapy. Many methods have been tried in assessing periodontal biotype, and it is proved that probe visibility is not a reliable indicator in assessing periodontal biotype.Therefore the present study was conducted to evaluate the association between alveolar bone thickness and overlying soft tissue by comparing the values obtained by CBCT and transgingival probing. Aim: The present study is to evaluate the association between alveolar bone thickness and overlying soft tissue thickness by correlating information obtained by transgingival probing and CBCT. ...
10.21276/sajb.2017.5.12.10 Abstract: Periodontal disease results from an interaction between the ... more 10.21276/sajb.2017.5.12.10 Abstract: Periodontal disease results from an interaction between the host’s defense mechanisms and the microorganisms that constitute the dental plaque biofilm. Therefore, the progression and severity of the disease are strongly modulated by dysfunctions in cellular immune responses, particularly, T cell responses. These dysfunctions can be reflected through blood parameters such as CD4:CD8 ratio, absolute eosinophil count and complete blood count, measurement of which can provide insight into the disease process. The aim of the present study is to comparatively evaluate the differences in CD4:CD8 ratio in the peripheral blood, absolute eosinophil count and complete blood picture in healthy subjects and chronic periodontitis patients. 10 subjects with clinically healthy periodontium and 10 patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis were recruited from the outpatient department of Periodontics, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad. Foll...
The present article reports a case of 3-year-old child with swelling of gingiva on upper front te... more The present article reports a case of 3-year-old child with swelling of gingiva on upper front teeth since few weeks and its management with diode laser. The lesion was excised with laser and sent for histopathological examination. The final diagnosis was squamous papilloma. For intraoral soft tissue surgical techniques, the laser is a feasible substitute to the scalpel. In the contemporary dental practice using laser technology, procedures can be executed with less invasive methods especially in pediatric practice.
The aim of the study is to evaluate the prevalence, severity, distribution of gingival pigmentati... more The aim of the study is to evaluate the prevalence, severity, distribution of gingival pigmentation, influence of age and gender on pigmentation, and to correlate the colour of the gingiva with facial skin complexion. 500 systemically healthy subjects were included in the study and were divided into five groups with 100 in each group: <6 months (I), 6 months to 5 years (II), 5 to 15 years (III), 15 to 35 years (IV) and 35 to 55 years (V). All the subjects facial complexion was recorded using the Fitzpatrick scale. Severity of the gingival pigmentation was recorded using DummettGupta Oral Pigmentation index and distribution was recorded using de Krom Oral Pigmentation Chart. Gingival pigmentation was found in all the subjects of the observed sample. Mandible has shown significantly more gingival pigmentation than maxilla, anterior more than posterior, labial more than lingual. There was a statistically significant increase in the gingival pigmentation from group I to III and decre...
Background: Calcium (Ca) mineral is the fifth most abundant and essential element present in the ... more Background: Calcium (Ca) mineral is the fifth most abundant and essential element present in the bones and teeth, offering a structural function. It is vital for proper development and maintenance of calcified oral tissues. The deficiency of serum calcium is a risk factor periodontal disease and salivary calcium, due to its affinity to be readily taken up by plaque, is an important factor not only with regard to the onset of periodontitis but also significantly with regard to dental health. Therefore, the present study was conducted to estimate and compare the serum and salivary calcium levels in healthy subjects and periodontitis patients. Aim: The aim of this study is to estimate and compare serum and salivary calcium levels in healthy subjects and patients with periodontitis. Material and methods: The study group comprises individuals attending to the outpatient Department of Periodontics, Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery. The study population consists of 30 subjects, divided in...
Aim: The aim of this study is to compare anesthetic, hemodynamic, vasoconstrictive, and SpO2varia... more Aim: The aim of this study is to compare anesthetic, hemodynamic, vasoconstrictive, and SpO2variability of 0.5% ropivacaine to the “gold standard” lignocaine (2%) with epinephrine (1:80,000) during periodontal surgery. Materials and Methods: A total of 20 systemically healthy controls meeting the inclusion criteria were selected from the Outpatient Department of Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery. Preoperatively, all participants were infiltrated with 0.5 ml of 0.5% ropivacaine intradermally as test solution to record any allergic reaction. Open flap debridement was performed using local anesthesia containing 2% lignocaine hydrochloride with 1:80,000 epinephrine or 0.5% ropivacaine. Recordings were made of the time of onset, duration of action, the intensity, and depth of anesthesia and various hemodynamic changes throughout the surgical procedure. In addition, blood loss volume and postoperative pain were also assessed. Results: Ropivacaine showed statistically longer duration of action (mean±SD =5.3±0.71 hrs) than lignocaine with epinephrine (mean=2.14±0.98 hrs). Blood loss during flap surgery was comparatively less when performed under ropivacaine. No statistical differences were observed in systolic BP, diastolic BP, SpO2 and heart rate during different stages of periodontal surgery between either of the local anesthetic agents Conclusion: Ropivacaine demonstrates comparable efficacy as lignocaine with added advantage of longer duration of action and superior postoperative pain control. No adverse events from this newer anesthetic were noted, and hence, it can be used safely as a viable local anesthetic for periodontal surgical procedures.
International journal of clinical pediatric dentistry
Oral habits in the form of thumb sucking and tongue thrusting are commonly learned patterns of be... more Oral habits in the form of thumb sucking and tongue thrusting are commonly learned patterns of behavior seen in preschool children and they are associated with anxiety, fear, hunger, oral pressure, and sleep. Chronic practice can cause dentoalveolar, perioral problems, and atypical root resorption (ARR) of anterior primary teeth. The ARR is provoked by the thumb sucking habit, and leads to early loss of anterior primary teeth. The early loss of anterior tooth may result in speech and masticatory problems, and psychological disturbance to the child. Hence, pediatric dentists play a crucial role in giving necessary information to parents and guardians. Starting from counseling to appliance therapy, various treatment modalities have been reported in the literature. One of them is bluegrass appliance; it is a nonpunitive habit reminder therapy. The present case report describes a customized hybrid bluegrass appliance designed to eliminate thumb sucking and tongue thrusting habit, and to...
Introduction: Cyclosporine A (CsA), an immunosuppressant, is considered a life saver drug in orga... more Introduction: Cyclosporine A (CsA), an immunosuppressant, is considered a life saver drug in organ transplant cases. It has also been tested in animal and human studies for periodontal applications as it selectively inhibits T lymphocyte proliferation, Interleukin-2 (IL-2) and other cytokine production, without any effect on T suppressor cells, thereby suppressing the cell mediated immunity and suppressing the inflammation. Inflammatory and immunological responses have been found to be decreased and bone formation is found to be increased in immunosuppressed animals. CsA is also supposed to potentiate osseous regeneration due to increase in the bone alkaline phosphatase levels and a direct activating effect on osteoblasts. Aim: The present study was aimed at evaluating locally administered low dose of CsA which is potent immunosuppressant along with β-Tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) in comparison with β TCP alone, in the treatment of human infrabony defects, over a period of six months. Materials and Methods: Thirty two systemically healthy chronic periodontitis patients with infrabony defects were included in the randomized, controlled, parallel arm study and were allocated into either Group A (n =16), patients treated with β-TCP + CsA (2 mg) or Group B (n =16), patients treated with β-TCP. Clinical parameters [Relative Attachment Level (RAL), Probing Depth (PD), Gingival Recession (GR)] and radiographic parameters were measured at baseline and six months postoperatively. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 16 software. Student's paired and independent t-test were used for intra and inter-group analysis. Results: Both Group A and Group B showed statistically significant improvements in clinical and radiographic parameters from base line to six months post-operatively. The Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) gain, Linear Bone Growth (LBG) and Percentage Bone Fill (% BF) were 2.38±1.12 mm, 1.90±1.48 mm and 49.83±29.23 mm in Group A and 2.57±1.22 mm, 2.03±1.16 mm and 62.84±29.70 mm in Group B respectively, inter group comparison showed no statistically significant difference. Conclusion: Both the groups revealed statistically significant improvement in clinical and radiographic parameters and adjunctive use of CsA did not prove beneficial. www.jcdr.net Jyotsna Amalakara et al., Cyclosporine A and β-TCP in Human Infra Bony Defects
Introduction: Inadequate vestibular depth results in poor plaque control owing to an insufficient... more Introduction: Inadequate vestibular depth results in poor plaque control owing to an insufficient width of keratinized gingiva. Vestibuloplasty provides the necessary vestibular depth and can be performed either with a scalpel, electrocautery or lasers. Aim: To evaluate the patient perceptions related to pain and discomfort on the 1 st , 3 rd and the 7 th day post vestibuloplasty and also assess the healing outcomes related to the treatment of inadequate vestibular depth either with the diode laser or the scalpel. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients who had inadequate vestibular depth and required vestibuloplasty were assigned randomly to undergo the procedure either with the scalpel or the laser. The data obtained was analysed for intergroup comparison with an independent paired t-test and intragroup comparison was determined by a paired t-test. results: Intragroup comparison within the laser group for VAS scores of pain and discomfort within all the reported days exhibited a significant difference (p<0.05). Inter group comparison revealed that the patients in the laser group had lower VAS cores for pain and discomfort compared to the scalpel group (p<0.05). Analysis of the three pointer scale for healing revealed that the patients in the laser group exhibited better healing outcomes on the 1 st , 3 rd and the 7 th day compared to the scalpel group. conclusion: Observations from the study highlight the opinion that laser can be a safe and effective alternative to traditional vestibuloplasty performed with the scalpel. www.jcdr.net Butchibabu Kalakonda et al., A Comparison of Scalpel and Laser-Assisted Vestibuloplasty
Purpose of the Study: The aim was to evaluate the patient's perception of pain associated wit... more Purpose of the Study: The aim was to evaluate the patient's perception of pain associated with phonation, deglutition, and normal function following a lingual frenectomy using a scalpel and laser. Materials and Methods: This study included two groups of patients of five subjects each who reported with difficulty in speaking and deglutition. Patients in Group I were treated using scalpel and those in Group II underwent laser (diode) frenectomy. All these patients are evaluated for postoperative pain on 1 st , 3 rd and 7 th day. Results: The intergroup comparison of mean visual analog scale (VAS) scores for pain in both the groups showed significant differences. The intragroup comparison of mean VAS scores for pain within the scalpel group did not show any significant difference between the 1 st and 3 rd day, however, when the mean VAS scores of the 7 th day were compared with those on the 1 st and 3 rd day, the difference was highly significant. The intragroup comparison of mean VAS scores for pain within the laser group among all the days showed a significant difference. Conclusion: The results of the present study results showed that the patient's perception of pain associated with tongue movements following lingual frenectomy with laser is lesser when compared with scalpel.
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