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Arta Kronberga

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Papers by Arta Kronberga

Are there any Advantages of Genetically Diverse Material in Cereal Breeding Programmes for Organic Farming? Section B Natural, exact, and applied sciences

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences, 2013

Employing cereal genetic variation in breeding programmes for organic farming is one of the ways ... more Employing cereal genetic variation in breeding programmes for organic farming is one of the ways to create varieties with higher stability and adaptability. The aim of the study was to compare and evaluate grain yield, quality and other traits of barley pure lines, hybrid populations, variety mixtures, as well as winter wheat hybrid populations and parental varieties, in organic and conventional farming systems. Significant evidence for advantages of using barley mixtures and populations under organic and conventional management systems was not observed. More advantages with respect to yield, adaptability to unfavourable environments and TGW were observed for breeding lines selected for suitability to organic conditions. Combination of distinctive genotypes may result in a fairly stable mixture with average yield above the components. The study confirmed that resistance of winter wheat genotypes to abiotic stress is one of the significant traits that is closely connected with limitation of the wheat productivity in both growing conditions. Yield and grain quality value of winter wheat genotypes was lower under organic conditions compared to a conventional growing system. Advantages of populations were not observed under organic conditions, but significantly higher yield, in comparison to parental varieties, was obtained for two populations in conventional conditions. In general, the yield of populations was intermediate to that of the parents.

Ģenētiskās Daudzveidības Izmantošana Stabilas Ražas Ieguvei Bioloģiskajā Lauksaimniecībā

Beigusi Latvijas Lauksaimniecības akadēmiju 1981. g. kā diplomēta agronome. Lauksaimniecības zinā... more Beigusi Latvijas Lauksaimniecības akadēmiju 1981. g. kā diplomēta agronome. Lauksaimniecības zinātņu doktora grādu (Dr. agr.) ieguvusi Latvijas Lauksaimniecības universitātē 1998. g. par pētījumu vasaras miežu sākotnējā sēklkopībā. Darba gaitas uzsāktas 1983. g. Latvijas Lauksaimniecības akadēmijas (pašlaik LLU) mācību un pētījumu saimniecībā "Vecauce", bet kopš 1998. g. sākusi strādāt kā docente LLU Lauksaimniecības fakultātē, kur arī pašlaik strādā kā profesore un Lauksaimniecības fakultātes dekāne. Zinātniskā pētniecība saistās ar laukaugu audzēšanas paņēmienu pilnveidi, lai celtu ražu un produkcijas kvalitāti. Visilgāk pētīta kukurūza, ziemas kvieši, vasaras mieži, rapsis, bet skarti arī citu laukaugu audzēšanas atsevišķi aspekti, kā arī sēklkopības un bioloģiskās lauksaimniecības problēmas. Kopējais zinātnisko un populārzinātnisko publikāciju skaits 288, t.sk. 42 indeksētas SCOPUS un/vai Clarivate Analytics Web of Science Core Collection datu bāzēs.

Pirmās Latvijā izveidotās kombinēto krustojumu populācijas izvērtējums

Influence of germination temperature and time on phenolic content and antioxidant properties of cereals

FoodBalt .., May 2, 2019

Selection criteria in triticale breeding for organic farming

un kvalitātes pazīmes Jogevas Augu Selekcijas institūta izmēăinājumos laikā no 2004. līdz 2007. g... more un kvalitātes pazīmes Jogevas Augu Selekcijas institūta izmēăinājumos laikā no 2004. līdz 2007. gadam. Ziemas kviešu raža un 1000 graudu masa pārsniedza vasaras kviešu rādītājus katru gadu. Vasaras kviešiem bija augstāks proteīna saturs un tilpummasa. Graudu raža un 1000 graudu masa bija atkarīgas no kviešu sezonālā tipa, bet citas pazīmes vairāk ietekmēja attiecīgo gadu meteoroloăiskie apstākĜi. Gada ietekme abiem kviešu tipiem bija lielāka uz ražu, 1000 graudu masu, proteīna un lipekĜa saturu, maizes kukuĜa apjomu un mīklas stabilitāti. Gada ietekme uz krišanas skaitli vasaras kviešiem bija lielāka nekā šėirnes ietekme, bet ziemas kviešiem-otrādi. Tilpummasa vasaras kviešiem bija vairāk atkarīga no gada, bet ziemas kviešiem-no šėirnes. SELECTION CRITERIA IN TRITICALE BREEDING FOR ORGANIC FARMING Kronberga A.

Achievements and problems involving triticale ideotype for Latvia growing conditions

Winter rye grain quality of hybrid and population cultivars

Agronomy research, 2019

Rye (Secale cereale L.) is an important European crop used for food that is grown primarily in Ea... more Rye (Secale cereale L.) is an important European crop used for food that is grown primarily in Eastern, Central and Northern Europe. Consuming rye grain products provides a rich source of dietary fibre as well as several bioactive compounds with potentially positive health implications. The goal of the research was to compare the rye grain quality of hybrid and population cultivars. A field trial was carried out in Priekuli Research Centre, Institute of Agricultural Resourses and Economic (in Latvia) during a three-year period: 2014/2015, 2015/2016, and 2016/2017. The trial included population winter rye cultivars 'Kaupo', 'Amilo', 'Dankowskie Amber' and hybrid rye cultivars 'Brasetto', 'Su Drive', 'Su Mephisto'. Rye grain quality indices were analysed at Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, in Grain and Seed Research laboratory. Average data in our investigation (three years) show that cultivar, crop-year (weather conditions) and cultivar×crop-year interaction significantly (P < 0.05) affected rye grain protein content, starch content and Hagberg falling number. A significant negative correlation was found between protein content and starch content r =-0.937 (population cultivars grain), r =-0.944 (hybrid cultivars grain), medium strong negative correlation was found between protein content and falling number, respective r =-0.549 and r =-0.573. Differences between hybrid cultivar grain protein content, falling number and starch content comparing with population cultivar grains were not observed. The results of the current research show that the quality of all the studied cultivars meets the requirements for high-grade rye grains for food consumption.

Estimation of yield and yield stability of spring barley genotype mixtures

Research for Rural Development, Dec 15, 2017

Organic farmers need varieties adapted to variable growing conditions, because in organic farms e... more Organic farmers need varieties adapted to variable growing conditions, because in organic farms environmental conditions significantly vary in soil nutrient status, weed and disease pressure not only between years, but also among farms within a season. Modern varieties developed under high input agricultural systems do not always perform well under organic growing conditions. Therefore, farmers need such varieties of cereals that can adapt to variable growing conditions and maintain productivity. One of the ways to promote adaptation to environment is growing of variety mixtures. Field trials were conducted during 2014-2016 under organic and conventional farming systems in two locations with an aim to estimate the advantages of barley mixtures in respect of yield and its stability. The trial consisted of eight mixtures of barley varieties and breeding lines, components of mixtures in pure stand and three check varieties. The mixtures were combined by using two, three and five components. Three mixtures, each in one out of 11 environments significantly out-yielded, but one mixture had significantly lower yield than the average value of their components. Some mixtures showed a tendency to out-yield the average of components in both farming systems. All mixtures insignificantly out-yielded check varieties in 2015, but in 2016, yield was within the range between varieties with lowest and highest yield. The results of yield stability analysis showed that mixtures could be used as one of the approaches to stabilize yield-only one of eight mixtures had a lower yield than the average over all environments.

Comparison o Selection Results i Organic and Conventional Environments for Winter Triticale

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B, Natural, Exact and Applied Sciences, Oct 1, 2013

Breeding for organic agriculture is a relatively new breeding discipline and currently there are ... more Breeding for organic agriculture is a relatively new breeding discipline and currently there are many questions, but not so many answers. One of the key questions in organic breeding is about determination of the best selection environment (Wolfe et al., 2008; Kirk et al., 2012). Two types of breeding programmes are used at present in breeding varieties for organic farming (Wolfe et al., 2008). The main differences between them are:

Are there any Advantages of Genetically Diverse Material in Cereal Breeding Programmes for Organic Farming?

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B, Natural, Exact and Applied Sciences, Dec 1, 2012

Employing cereal genetic variation in breeding programmes for organic farming is one of the ways ... more Employing cereal genetic variation in breeding programmes for organic farming is one of the ways to create varieties with higher stability and adaptability. The aim of the study was to compare and evaluate grain yield, quality and other traits of barley pure lines, hybrid populations, variety mixtures, as well as winter wheat hybrid populations and parental varieties, in organic and conventional farming systems. Significant evidence for advantages of using barley mixtures and populations under organic and conventional management systems was not observed. More advantages with respect to yield, adaptability to unfavourable environments and TGW were observed for breeding lines selected for suitability to organic conditions. Combination of distinctive genotypes may result in a fairly stable mixture with average yield above the components. The study confirmed that resistance of winter wheat genotypes to abiotic stress is one of the significant traits that is closely connected with limitation of the wheat productivity in both growing conditions. Yield and grain quality value of winter wheat genotypes was lower under organic conditions compared to a conventional growing system. Advantages of populations were not observed under organic conditions, but significantly higher yield, in comparison to parental varieties, was obtained for two populations in conventional conditions. In general, the yield of populations was intermediate to that of the parents.

Effect of organic and conventional farming system on the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of oats and barley grains

Increased per capita food production in the tropics is closely tied to soil organic matter and wa... more Increased per capita food production in the tropics is closely tied to soil organic matter and water management, timely nitrogen (N) supply and crop N use efficiency (NUE) which are influenced by farming systems. However, there is lack of data on the effect of organic farming systems on NUE and how this compares to conventional farming systems under tropical conditions. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine the effect of conventional and organic farming systems at low and high management intensities on N uptake and N use efficiency of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), maize (Zea mays L.), cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. Capitata), kale (Brassica oleracea var. Acephala) and Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris sub sp. Cicla). The organic high input (Org-High) and conventional high input (Conv-High) farming systems are managed as recommended by research institutions while organic low input (Org-Low) and conventional low input (Conv-Low) farming systems are managed as practiced by small scale farmers in the Central highlands of Kenya. The study was conducted during three cropping seasons between October 2012 and March 2014 in an ongoing long-term trial established since 2007 at Chuka and at Thika, Kenya. Synthetic N-based fertilizer and cattle manure were applied at ∼225 kg N ha −1 yr −1 for Conv-High and at ∼50 kg N ha −1 yr −1 for the Conv-Low. Composts and other organic inputs were applied at similar N rates for Org-High and Org-Low. Nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUpE) of potato was highest in Conv-Low and Org-Low at Thika and lowest in Org-High and Org-Low at Chuka site where late blight disease affected potato performance. In contrast, the NUpE of maize was similar in all systems at Chuka site, but was significantly higher in Conv-High and Org-High compared to the low input systems at Thika site. The NUpE of cabbage was similar in Conv-High and Org-High while the NUpE of kale and Swiss chard were similar in the low input systems. Potato N utilization efficiencies (NUtE) and agronomic efficiencies of N use (AE N) in Conv-Low and Conv-High were 11-21 % and 1.4-3.4 times higher than those from Org-Low and Org-High, respectively. The AE N of maize was similar in all the systems at Chuka but was 3.2 times higher in the high input systems compared to the low input systems at the Thika site. The AE N of vegetables under conventional systems were similar to those from organic systems. Nitrogen harvest index (NHI) of potato was similar between Conv-High and Org-High and between Conv-Low and Org-Low. N partitioned into maize grain was similar in all the system at Chuka, but significantly lower (P < 0.001) in Conv-low and Org-Low at Thika site. The NHI of cabbage in Org-High was 24 % higher than that of Conv-High. The study concluded that for maize and vegetables, conventional and organic farming systems had similar effects on NUpE, AE N , NUtE and NHI, while for potato conventional systems improved NUE compared to organic systems. The study recommends that management practices for potato production in organic systems should be improved for a more efficient NUE.

Epidemiology of ergot (caused by Claviceps purpurea)

Possibility of integrated diseases control of cereals and oilseed rape

Grain quality of winter rye cultivars grown in Latvia

FoodBalt .., Apr 27, 2017

Flour - Bread '15 : Proceedings of the 8th International Congress Flour - Bread '15

8th International Congress Flour - Bread '15 [and] 10th Croatian Congress of Cereal Technologists, 2016

Environmental and genotypic impact on spring barley yield and quality

Zinātniskā semināra rakstu krājums, Ražas svetki "Vecauce - 2016": Lauksaimniecības zinātne nozares attīstībai, Vecauce, Latvia, 3 November 2016, 2016

Comparision of mycotoxin DON content in spring barley and winter triticale grains

Biochemical and Physiological Responses of Cucumis sativus L. to Application of Potential Bioinsecticides—Aqueous Carum carvi L. Seed Distillation By-Product Based Extracts

Agriculture, May 7, 2023

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more

Large-Scale In Vitro Propagation and Ex Vitro Adaptation of the Endangered Medicinal Plant Eryngium maritimum L

Horticulturae, Feb 17, 2023

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more

Cultivation potential of <i>Taraxacum campylodes</i> G.E.Haglund wild populations: morphological and biochemical variation

Plant Genetic Resources, Jul 17, 2023

The common dandelion (Taraxacum campylodes G.E.Haglund) is known for its medicinal properties and... more The common dandelion (Taraxacum campylodes G.E.Haglund) is known for its medicinal properties and as a non-toxic, highly nutritious edible plant. Even though the herb is mostly collected in the wild, the food and pharmaceutical industries prefer cultivated plant material. Cultivation offers the possibility to achieve predictable yields, ensure the botanical identity of the plants and products can be certified according to organic or biodynamic standards; therefore the interest in domestication is growing. Due to the scarcity of research on dandelion cultivation in agricultural systems, the current study focused on determining the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of 13 wild populations from Latvia in an organic farming system. Populations collected at Gluda, Priekuli, Mundigciems, Marupe as well as variety TA008 had the highest dry root weight (&gt;100 g per plant) and exceeded the root weight of variety Nouvelle more than two-fold. The highest concentration of chlorogenic acid (CHA) (0.12%) and chicoric acid (CCA) (0.15%) was found in the wild population collected in Turaida. The wild populations from Marupe and Mundigciems had a high average root weight as well as a relatively high CHA and CCA content, making them suitable for commercial growing. The present study examined the feasibility of cultivating wild dandelion populations in an organic farming system. The results revealed a high degree of variation within and between populations; therefore, dandelion wild populations can be used for domestication, breeding and selection of accessions most suitable for the pharmaceutical or food industries.

Are there any Advantages of Genetically Diverse Material in Cereal Breeding Programmes for Organic Farming? Section B Natural, exact, and applied sciences

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences, 2013

Employing cereal genetic variation in breeding programmes for organic farming is one of the ways ... more Employing cereal genetic variation in breeding programmes for organic farming is one of the ways to create varieties with higher stability and adaptability. The aim of the study was to compare and evaluate grain yield, quality and other traits of barley pure lines, hybrid populations, variety mixtures, as well as winter wheat hybrid populations and parental varieties, in organic and conventional farming systems. Significant evidence for advantages of using barley mixtures and populations under organic and conventional management systems was not observed. More advantages with respect to yield, adaptability to unfavourable environments and TGW were observed for breeding lines selected for suitability to organic conditions. Combination of distinctive genotypes may result in a fairly stable mixture with average yield above the components. The study confirmed that resistance of winter wheat genotypes to abiotic stress is one of the significant traits that is closely connected with limitation of the wheat productivity in both growing conditions. Yield and grain quality value of winter wheat genotypes was lower under organic conditions compared to a conventional growing system. Advantages of populations were not observed under organic conditions, but significantly higher yield, in comparison to parental varieties, was obtained for two populations in conventional conditions. In general, the yield of populations was intermediate to that of the parents.

Ģenētiskās Daudzveidības Izmantošana Stabilas Ražas Ieguvei Bioloģiskajā Lauksaimniecībā

Beigusi Latvijas Lauksaimniecības akadēmiju 1981. g. kā diplomēta agronome. Lauksaimniecības zinā... more Beigusi Latvijas Lauksaimniecības akadēmiju 1981. g. kā diplomēta agronome. Lauksaimniecības zinātņu doktora grādu (Dr. agr.) ieguvusi Latvijas Lauksaimniecības universitātē 1998. g. par pētījumu vasaras miežu sākotnējā sēklkopībā. Darba gaitas uzsāktas 1983. g. Latvijas Lauksaimniecības akadēmijas (pašlaik LLU) mācību un pētījumu saimniecībā "Vecauce", bet kopš 1998. g. sākusi strādāt kā docente LLU Lauksaimniecības fakultātē, kur arī pašlaik strādā kā profesore un Lauksaimniecības fakultātes dekāne. Zinātniskā pētniecība saistās ar laukaugu audzēšanas paņēmienu pilnveidi, lai celtu ražu un produkcijas kvalitāti. Visilgāk pētīta kukurūza, ziemas kvieši, vasaras mieži, rapsis, bet skarti arī citu laukaugu audzēšanas atsevišķi aspekti, kā arī sēklkopības un bioloģiskās lauksaimniecības problēmas. Kopējais zinātnisko un populārzinātnisko publikāciju skaits 288, t.sk. 42 indeksētas SCOPUS un/vai Clarivate Analytics Web of Science Core Collection datu bāzēs.

Pirmās Latvijā izveidotās kombinēto krustojumu populācijas izvērtējums

Influence of germination temperature and time on phenolic content and antioxidant properties of cereals

FoodBalt .., May 2, 2019

Selection criteria in triticale breeding for organic farming

un kvalitātes pazīmes Jogevas Augu Selekcijas institūta izmēăinājumos laikā no 2004. līdz 2007. g... more un kvalitātes pazīmes Jogevas Augu Selekcijas institūta izmēăinājumos laikā no 2004. līdz 2007. gadam. Ziemas kviešu raža un 1000 graudu masa pārsniedza vasaras kviešu rādītājus katru gadu. Vasaras kviešiem bija augstāks proteīna saturs un tilpummasa. Graudu raža un 1000 graudu masa bija atkarīgas no kviešu sezonālā tipa, bet citas pazīmes vairāk ietekmēja attiecīgo gadu meteoroloăiskie apstākĜi. Gada ietekme abiem kviešu tipiem bija lielāka uz ražu, 1000 graudu masu, proteīna un lipekĜa saturu, maizes kukuĜa apjomu un mīklas stabilitāti. Gada ietekme uz krišanas skaitli vasaras kviešiem bija lielāka nekā šėirnes ietekme, bet ziemas kviešiem-otrādi. Tilpummasa vasaras kviešiem bija vairāk atkarīga no gada, bet ziemas kviešiem-no šėirnes. SELECTION CRITERIA IN TRITICALE BREEDING FOR ORGANIC FARMING Kronberga A.

Achievements and problems involving triticale ideotype for Latvia growing conditions

Winter rye grain quality of hybrid and population cultivars

Agronomy research, 2019

Rye (Secale cereale L.) is an important European crop used for food that is grown primarily in Ea... more Rye (Secale cereale L.) is an important European crop used for food that is grown primarily in Eastern, Central and Northern Europe. Consuming rye grain products provides a rich source of dietary fibre as well as several bioactive compounds with potentially positive health implications. The goal of the research was to compare the rye grain quality of hybrid and population cultivars. A field trial was carried out in Priekuli Research Centre, Institute of Agricultural Resourses and Economic (in Latvia) during a three-year period: 2014/2015, 2015/2016, and 2016/2017. The trial included population winter rye cultivars 'Kaupo', 'Amilo', 'Dankowskie Amber' and hybrid rye cultivars 'Brasetto', 'Su Drive', 'Su Mephisto'. Rye grain quality indices were analysed at Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, in Grain and Seed Research laboratory. Average data in our investigation (three years) show that cultivar, crop-year (weather conditions) and cultivar×crop-year interaction significantly (P < 0.05) affected rye grain protein content, starch content and Hagberg falling number. A significant negative correlation was found between protein content and starch content r =-0.937 (population cultivars grain), r =-0.944 (hybrid cultivars grain), medium strong negative correlation was found between protein content and falling number, respective r =-0.549 and r =-0.573. Differences between hybrid cultivar grain protein content, falling number and starch content comparing with population cultivar grains were not observed. The results of the current research show that the quality of all the studied cultivars meets the requirements for high-grade rye grains for food consumption.

Estimation of yield and yield stability of spring barley genotype mixtures

Research for Rural Development, Dec 15, 2017

Organic farmers need varieties adapted to variable growing conditions, because in organic farms e... more Organic farmers need varieties adapted to variable growing conditions, because in organic farms environmental conditions significantly vary in soil nutrient status, weed and disease pressure not only between years, but also among farms within a season. Modern varieties developed under high input agricultural systems do not always perform well under organic growing conditions. Therefore, farmers need such varieties of cereals that can adapt to variable growing conditions and maintain productivity. One of the ways to promote adaptation to environment is growing of variety mixtures. Field trials were conducted during 2014-2016 under organic and conventional farming systems in two locations with an aim to estimate the advantages of barley mixtures in respect of yield and its stability. The trial consisted of eight mixtures of barley varieties and breeding lines, components of mixtures in pure stand and three check varieties. The mixtures were combined by using two, three and five components. Three mixtures, each in one out of 11 environments significantly out-yielded, but one mixture had significantly lower yield than the average value of their components. Some mixtures showed a tendency to out-yield the average of components in both farming systems. All mixtures insignificantly out-yielded check varieties in 2015, but in 2016, yield was within the range between varieties with lowest and highest yield. The results of yield stability analysis showed that mixtures could be used as one of the approaches to stabilize yield-only one of eight mixtures had a lower yield than the average over all environments.

Comparison o Selection Results i Organic and Conventional Environments for Winter Triticale

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B, Natural, Exact and Applied Sciences, Oct 1, 2013

Breeding for organic agriculture is a relatively new breeding discipline and currently there are ... more Breeding for organic agriculture is a relatively new breeding discipline and currently there are many questions, but not so many answers. One of the key questions in organic breeding is about determination of the best selection environment (Wolfe et al., 2008; Kirk et al., 2012). Two types of breeding programmes are used at present in breeding varieties for organic farming (Wolfe et al., 2008). The main differences between them are:

Are there any Advantages of Genetically Diverse Material in Cereal Breeding Programmes for Organic Farming?

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B, Natural, Exact and Applied Sciences, Dec 1, 2012

Employing cereal genetic variation in breeding programmes for organic farming is one of the ways ... more Employing cereal genetic variation in breeding programmes for organic farming is one of the ways to create varieties with higher stability and adaptability. The aim of the study was to compare and evaluate grain yield, quality and other traits of barley pure lines, hybrid populations, variety mixtures, as well as winter wheat hybrid populations and parental varieties, in organic and conventional farming systems. Significant evidence for advantages of using barley mixtures and populations under organic and conventional management systems was not observed. More advantages with respect to yield, adaptability to unfavourable environments and TGW were observed for breeding lines selected for suitability to organic conditions. Combination of distinctive genotypes may result in a fairly stable mixture with average yield above the components. The study confirmed that resistance of winter wheat genotypes to abiotic stress is one of the significant traits that is closely connected with limitation of the wheat productivity in both growing conditions. Yield and grain quality value of winter wheat genotypes was lower under organic conditions compared to a conventional growing system. Advantages of populations were not observed under organic conditions, but significantly higher yield, in comparison to parental varieties, was obtained for two populations in conventional conditions. In general, the yield of populations was intermediate to that of the parents.

Effect of organic and conventional farming system on the total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of oats and barley grains

Increased per capita food production in the tropics is closely tied to soil organic matter and wa... more Increased per capita food production in the tropics is closely tied to soil organic matter and water management, timely nitrogen (N) supply and crop N use efficiency (NUE) which are influenced by farming systems. However, there is lack of data on the effect of organic farming systems on NUE and how this compares to conventional farming systems under tropical conditions. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine the effect of conventional and organic farming systems at low and high management intensities on N uptake and N use efficiency of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), maize (Zea mays L.), cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. Capitata), kale (Brassica oleracea var. Acephala) and Swiss chard (Beta vulgaris sub sp. Cicla). The organic high input (Org-High) and conventional high input (Conv-High) farming systems are managed as recommended by research institutions while organic low input (Org-Low) and conventional low input (Conv-Low) farming systems are managed as practiced by small scale farmers in the Central highlands of Kenya. The study was conducted during three cropping seasons between October 2012 and March 2014 in an ongoing long-term trial established since 2007 at Chuka and at Thika, Kenya. Synthetic N-based fertilizer and cattle manure were applied at ∼225 kg N ha −1 yr −1 for Conv-High and at ∼50 kg N ha −1 yr −1 for the Conv-Low. Composts and other organic inputs were applied at similar N rates for Org-High and Org-Low. Nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUpE) of potato was highest in Conv-Low and Org-Low at Thika and lowest in Org-High and Org-Low at Chuka site where late blight disease affected potato performance. In contrast, the NUpE of maize was similar in all systems at Chuka site, but was significantly higher in Conv-High and Org-High compared to the low input systems at Thika site. The NUpE of cabbage was similar in Conv-High and Org-High while the NUpE of kale and Swiss chard were similar in the low input systems. Potato N utilization efficiencies (NUtE) and agronomic efficiencies of N use (AE N) in Conv-Low and Conv-High were 11-21 % and 1.4-3.4 times higher than those from Org-Low and Org-High, respectively. The AE N of maize was similar in all the systems at Chuka but was 3.2 times higher in the high input systems compared to the low input systems at the Thika site. The AE N of vegetables under conventional systems were similar to those from organic systems. Nitrogen harvest index (NHI) of potato was similar between Conv-High and Org-High and between Conv-Low and Org-Low. N partitioned into maize grain was similar in all the system at Chuka, but significantly lower (P < 0.001) in Conv-low and Org-Low at Thika site. The NHI of cabbage in Org-High was 24 % higher than that of Conv-High. The study concluded that for maize and vegetables, conventional and organic farming systems had similar effects on NUpE, AE N , NUtE and NHI, while for potato conventional systems improved NUE compared to organic systems. The study recommends that management practices for potato production in organic systems should be improved for a more efficient NUE.

Epidemiology of ergot (caused by Claviceps purpurea)

Possibility of integrated diseases control of cereals and oilseed rape

Grain quality of winter rye cultivars grown in Latvia

FoodBalt .., Apr 27, 2017

Flour - Bread '15 : Proceedings of the 8th International Congress Flour - Bread '15

8th International Congress Flour - Bread '15 [and] 10th Croatian Congress of Cereal Technologists, 2016

Environmental and genotypic impact on spring barley yield and quality

Zinātniskā semināra rakstu krājums, Ražas svetki "Vecauce - 2016": Lauksaimniecības zinātne nozares attīstībai, Vecauce, Latvia, 3 November 2016, 2016

Comparision of mycotoxin DON content in spring barley and winter triticale grains

Biochemical and Physiological Responses of Cucumis sativus L. to Application of Potential Bioinsecticides—Aqueous Carum carvi L. Seed Distillation By-Product Based Extracts

Agriculture, May 7, 2023

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more

Large-Scale In Vitro Propagation and Ex Vitro Adaptation of the Endangered Medicinal Plant Eryngium maritimum L

Horticulturae, Feb 17, 2023

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more

Cultivation potential of <i>Taraxacum campylodes</i> G.E.Haglund wild populations: morphological and biochemical variation

Plant Genetic Resources, Jul 17, 2023

The common dandelion (Taraxacum campylodes G.E.Haglund) is known for its medicinal properties and... more The common dandelion (Taraxacum campylodes G.E.Haglund) is known for its medicinal properties and as a non-toxic, highly nutritious edible plant. Even though the herb is mostly collected in the wild, the food and pharmaceutical industries prefer cultivated plant material. Cultivation offers the possibility to achieve predictable yields, ensure the botanical identity of the plants and products can be certified according to organic or biodynamic standards; therefore the interest in domestication is growing. Due to the scarcity of research on dandelion cultivation in agricultural systems, the current study focused on determining the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of 13 wild populations from Latvia in an organic farming system. Populations collected at Gluda, Priekuli, Mundigciems, Marupe as well as variety TA008 had the highest dry root weight (&gt;100 g per plant) and exceeded the root weight of variety Nouvelle more than two-fold. The highest concentration of chlorogenic acid (CHA) (0.12%) and chicoric acid (CCA) (0.15%) was found in the wild population collected in Turaida. The wild populations from Marupe and Mundigciems had a high average root weight as well as a relatively high CHA and CCA content, making them suitable for commercial growing. The present study examined the feasibility of cultivating wild dandelion populations in an organic farming system. The results revealed a high degree of variation within and between populations; therefore, dandelion wild populations can be used for domestication, breeding and selection of accessions most suitable for the pharmaceutical or food industries.