2018 15th IEEE India Council International Conference (INDICON)
High Utility Itemset Mining (HUIM) aids in the discovery of itemsets based on quantity and unit p... more High Utility Itemset Mining (HUIM) aids in the discovery of itemsets based on quantity and unit price of the items from a transactional database. Since its inception, HUIM has evolved as a generalized form of Frequent Itemset Mining (FIM). Unlike the support of an itemset which is antimonotone and is exploited in the algorithms for mining frequent itemsets, the utility measure is neither antimonotone nor monotone. This makes the problem of mining High Utility Itemsets (HUIs) interesting. In the current study, a novel method based on Dynamic Itemset Counting (DIC) has been proposed to optimize the Apriori-like Two-Phase (TP) algorithm for mining HUIs. Although, the TP algorithm uses antimonotonicity of Transaction Weighted Utility (TWU) of itemsets to prune the search space, the candidates are generated in a level-wise manner. This requires multiple database scans to test the candidates. The proposed method tests and generates higher order candidates at different stops during the database scan and segregates the itemsets for further evaluation. Experiments performed on real-time datasets show significant improvement in execution time of the DIC method when compared to the TP algorithm.
Frequent Itemset Mining has evolved as a popular and general data mining task since its inception... more Frequent Itemset Mining has evolved as a popular and general data mining task since its inception. It is an indispensable step in discovering associations between the items in a transactional database. As the size of the databases increases massively, sequential approach for mining suffer a bottleneck both in terms of memory and execution time. In this study, we explore the applicability of customised Apriori algorithm in a parallel and distributed framework called Single Pass Counting algorithm using Apache Spark and Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS).
Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) is an essential and comprehensive intervention recommended in the m... more Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) is an essential and comprehensive intervention recommended in the management of people with chronic respiratory diseases (CRD). Scientific evidence suggests significant health benefits with respect to repeated hospital admissions, exercise tolerance and Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). However, the uptake and completion of PR programs are globally low. In order to understand the factors contributing to underutilization of PR, it is important to review and recognize the barriers to PR program. A literature search was conducted on Medline (PubMed) database. After reviewing the title and abstracts, full text articles were scrutinized for their relevance. Twenty-two studies involving factors affecting the uptake, participation and completion of PR program were included in this review. Reported barriers to PR were healthcare system, healthcare professional and patient related factors. Primary factors related to healthcare system and healthcare professionals were fewer PR centers, accessibility inconvenience, lack of awareness of PR program, low knowledge of referral process and lack of interdisciplinary teamwork. Difficulties faced by patients to take up and/or to complete PR programs were lack of transportation, co-morbidities, lack of perceived benefits, socio-economic status and lack of funding facilities. Identified and reported barriers resulted into discontinuity between knowledge of health benefits and utilization of PR service for patients with CRDs. Addressing the barriers would accelerate the healthcare professionals' referral and patients to avail the health benefits of rehabilitation service.
Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics, 2017
Journals provide instructions to prospective authors to facilitate the process of manuscript publ... more Journals provide instructions to prospective authors to facilitate the process of manuscript publication. The information provided under such instructions could be a potential opportunity to promote responsible conduct of research (RCR). We analyzed 74 Indian biomedical journals for the type of information provided in the “instructions to authors” section and adherence to the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) recommendations. Among the 71 journals that had an “instructions to authors” section, 53 journals adhered to ICMJE recommendations. We discuss sections of the ICMJE recommendations detailed by Indian biomedical journals under the “instructions to authors” section and emphasize components that require greater exposure.
People with bronchiectasis reduce their physical activity (PA) due to muscle weakness, dyspnea, f... more People with bronchiectasis reduce their physical activity (PA) due to muscle weakness, dyspnea, fatigue, reduced exercise capacity and frequent cough with expectoration. Patient-reported and objective physical assessment methods have been used to evaluate PA in people with bronchiectasis. In the literature, significant differences in the PA measured using patient-reported outcome measures when compared with the objective methods. Given the availability of many PA assessment tools, it is tedious for the clinician or researcher to choose an outcome measure for clinical practice or research. The evidence on validity and reliability in bronchiectasis are unclear. Objectives: To identify the PA assessment tools, describe and evaluate the literature on psychometric properties of instruments measuring and analyzing PA. Methods: The search will be conducted in PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Studies, Scopus and EMBASE databases. The keywords, index terms and synonyms of the following words will be used: bronchiectasis, physical activity, and outcome measures. Published studies of adult with clinical and/ or radiologically diagnosed bronchiectasis, aged >18 years, any gender and studies that assessed PA and/or if there are reports on measurement properties of PA will be included in the review. Studies using qualitative research methods, narrative reviews, letters to editors and editorials will be excluded. The quality of the study will be assessed and data will be extracted. Any disagreement will be resolved in the presence of an author not involved in the screening or selecting studies. Discussion: By assessing the quality of studies on measurement properties, this review will help researchers choose the outcome Open Peer Review Approval Status AWAITING PEER REVIEW Any reports and responses or comments on the article can be found at the end of the article.
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE2), an important enzyme in the Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone ... more Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE2), an important enzyme in the Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System, degrades Angiotensin II (Ang II) into Angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)), whose actions are opposite to that of Ang II. Interestingly, SARS CoV-2 virus entry into human cells is mediated by ACE2. ACE2 receptors that are widely expressed in lungs and various other organs. Ang-(1-7) seems to have favorable effects on lungs, by preventing fibrosis in lung inflammation models, and exerts a similar action in cardiac and renal pathologies as well. Thus, modulation of Ang-(1-7) can be of potential benefit in chronic as well as acute inflammatory diseases affecting lungs and other organs. Upregulation of ACE2 by statins in different organs, and its consequent beneficial effects, have been demonstrated in many experimental studies, and also in a few clinical ones. This review aims at probing the role of ACE2 and its therapeutic modulation in pulmonary and extra pulmonary diseases, including CO...
The International Arab Journal of Information Technology, 2022
High Utility Item set Mining (HUIM) from large transaction databases has garnered significant att... more High Utility Item set Mining (HUIM) from large transaction databases has garnered significant attention as it accounts for the revenue of the items purchased in a transaction. Existing tree-based HUIM algorithms discard unpromising items and require at most two database scans for their construction. Hence, whenever utility threshold is changed, the trees have to be reconstructed from scratch. In this regard, the current study proposes to not only incorporate all the items in the tree structure but compactly represent transaction information. The proposed trees namely- Utility Prime Tree (UPT), Prime Cantor Function Tree (PCFT), and String based Utility Prime Tree (SUPT) store transaction-level information in a node unlike item-based prefix trees. Experiments conducted on both real and synthetic datasets compare the execution time and memory of these tree structures with a proposed Utility Count Tree (UCT) and existing IHUP, UP-Growth trees. Due to transaction-level encoding, these s...
Background: The worldwide epidemic of physical inactivity is rising significantly and the main ca... more Background: The worldwide epidemic of physical inactivity is rising significantly and the main cause is a sedentary lifestyle. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of stair climbing and 1 mile walking in relation to cardiorespiratory response and to estimate the VO2max and Physical Fitness Index (PFI). Methods: PAR-Q and IPAQ were used to assess the level of physical activity and sedentary status of participants. 37 participants were initially assessed for their maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) and physical fitness index (PFI) using modified Harvard step test after randomly assigning them into 3 groups. Only 34 participants completed the study; 12 Full stair climbing, 11 half stair climbing, and 11 one mile walking. Full stair climbing group ascended 7 stories of 154 steps, each step 17.5cm in height (vertical distance =27m), whereas half stair climbing group ascended 3.5 stories of 77 steps (vertical distance =13.5m) and 1-mile walk group walked for 1 mile on the treadmill without any inclination. VO2max, PFI, heart rate recovery and rate of perceived exertion were measured at baseline and at the end of week 4. Results: Repeated measures 2 way ANOVA was used to find the differences between 3 groups. Full stair climbing group showed an increase in VO2 max and 1-mile walking group exhibited improvement in HRR. Conclusion: 1-mile walking group and full stair climbing groups exhibited improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness. Full stair climbing group took less than 2 minutes and 1-mile walking group took 11 to 14 minutes to complete the exercise, hence one can opt to perform either stair climbing or walking depending on their preference to improve cardiorespiratory fitness.
2020 Third International Conference on Multimedia Processing, Communication & Information Technology (MPCIT), 2020
Spontaneous Reporting Systems (SRS) are one of the primary sources of the Pharmacovigilance (PV) ... more Spontaneous Reporting Systems (SRS) are one of the primary sources of the Pharmacovigilance (PV) data that collect and store the reports of drug-adverse effects. In order to signal potential Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) from the vast set of reports from the SRS database, Frequent Itemset Mining (FIM) using the Apriori algorithm has been employed successfully. However, FIM fails to accommodate the seriousness of the reported adverse effects and merely counts the support based on the presence or absence of the drug or adverse effect in the database. In this work, Fast High Utility Itemset Mining (FHM) has been employed to accommodate the seriousness factor as a utility measure to arrive at multi-item drug-adverse effects associations. Further, the results indicate the effectiveness of the associations found in terms of Relative Reporting Ratio (RRR) to be significantly better than those of the FIM based Apriori algorithm. A few ADRs enumerated by employing FHM have been summarized which can be taken up for further clinical investigation.
Purpose: Excess force on cornea during eye care testing procedure such as tonometry may damage th... more Purpose: Excess force on cornea during eye care testing procedure such as tonometry may damage the internal structure of eye or may result in erroneous results. The proposed work can be utilized or incorporated as an additional feedback mechanism in the technology innovation of design of eye care instruments. Method: This work is focused on biomechanical simulation of human eye to determine applanation force on cornea and also to find the influence of intraocular pressure (IOP) of eye on Tonometry. Results: The results summarise that force applied by the tonometer will increase linearly for increase in deformation of cornea and the junction of cornea and sclera will undergo maximum deformation and hence will experience maximum stress compared to the centre of cornea where tonometer applanates the cornea. Conclusion: The tonometry will result in deformation of cornea in vertical elongation and the maximum stress is concentrated at the tonometer periphery as well as at the junction of...
The advance technological, the processes monitoring are becoming more complex with increase in, e... more The advance technological, the processes monitoring are becoming more complex with increase in, efficient, analysis of process, number of parameters under data acquisition with single chip environment is increases . New generation data acquisition developments have been emerge with controlling and monitoring with microcontroller technology, which enables real-time data collection, analysis, logging and plotting of data. The requirements the demand of an improved, efficient and up- to-date data logger is increasing, with combination of a sensor, microcontroller, and a data storage device. Data loggers are provided with real time record and time of acquisition. In this paper, a data logger prototype is designed and tested for the specific application as pressure, temperature and vibration. The system works around the AT-MEGA-16 microcontroller. The system is designed and developed to measure temperature, vibration and pressure with accurate sensors and the result is stored in memory s...
2018 15th IEEE India Council International Conference (INDICON)
High Utility Itemset Mining (HUIM) aids in the discovery of itemsets based on quantity and unit p... more High Utility Itemset Mining (HUIM) aids in the discovery of itemsets based on quantity and unit price of the items from a transactional database. Since its inception, HUIM has evolved as a generalized form of Frequent Itemset Mining (FIM). Unlike the support of an itemset which is antimonotone and is exploited in the algorithms for mining frequent itemsets, the utility measure is neither antimonotone nor monotone. This makes the problem of mining High Utility Itemsets (HUIs) interesting. In the current study, a novel method based on Dynamic Itemset Counting (DIC) has been proposed to optimize the Apriori-like Two-Phase (TP) algorithm for mining HUIs. Although, the TP algorithm uses antimonotonicity of Transaction Weighted Utility (TWU) of itemsets to prune the search space, the candidates are generated in a level-wise manner. This requires multiple database scans to test the candidates. The proposed method tests and generates higher order candidates at different stops during the database scan and segregates the itemsets for further evaluation. Experiments performed on real-time datasets show significant improvement in execution time of the DIC method when compared to the TP algorithm.
Frequent Itemset Mining has evolved as a popular and general data mining task since its inception... more Frequent Itemset Mining has evolved as a popular and general data mining task since its inception. It is an indispensable step in discovering associations between the items in a transactional database. As the size of the databases increases massively, sequential approach for mining suffer a bottleneck both in terms of memory and execution time. In this study, we explore the applicability of customised Apriori algorithm in a parallel and distributed framework called Single Pass Counting algorithm using Apache Spark and Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS).
Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) is an essential and comprehensive intervention recommended in the m... more Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) is an essential and comprehensive intervention recommended in the management of people with chronic respiratory diseases (CRD). Scientific evidence suggests significant health benefits with respect to repeated hospital admissions, exercise tolerance and Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). However, the uptake and completion of PR programs are globally low. In order to understand the factors contributing to underutilization of PR, it is important to review and recognize the barriers to PR program. A literature search was conducted on Medline (PubMed) database. After reviewing the title and abstracts, full text articles were scrutinized for their relevance. Twenty-two studies involving factors affecting the uptake, participation and completion of PR program were included in this review. Reported barriers to PR were healthcare system, healthcare professional and patient related factors. Primary factors related to healthcare system and healthcare professionals were fewer PR centers, accessibility inconvenience, lack of awareness of PR program, low knowledge of referral process and lack of interdisciplinary teamwork. Difficulties faced by patients to take up and/or to complete PR programs were lack of transportation, co-morbidities, lack of perceived benefits, socio-economic status and lack of funding facilities. Identified and reported barriers resulted into discontinuity between knowledge of health benefits and utilization of PR service for patients with CRDs. Addressing the barriers would accelerate the healthcare professionals' referral and patients to avail the health benefits of rehabilitation service.
Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics, 2017
Journals provide instructions to prospective authors to facilitate the process of manuscript publ... more Journals provide instructions to prospective authors to facilitate the process of manuscript publication. The information provided under such instructions could be a potential opportunity to promote responsible conduct of research (RCR). We analyzed 74 Indian biomedical journals for the type of information provided in the “instructions to authors” section and adherence to the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) recommendations. Among the 71 journals that had an “instructions to authors” section, 53 journals adhered to ICMJE recommendations. We discuss sections of the ICMJE recommendations detailed by Indian biomedical journals under the “instructions to authors” section and emphasize components that require greater exposure.
People with bronchiectasis reduce their physical activity (PA) due to muscle weakness, dyspnea, f... more People with bronchiectasis reduce their physical activity (PA) due to muscle weakness, dyspnea, fatigue, reduced exercise capacity and frequent cough with expectoration. Patient-reported and objective physical assessment methods have been used to evaluate PA in people with bronchiectasis. In the literature, significant differences in the PA measured using patient-reported outcome measures when compared with the objective methods. Given the availability of many PA assessment tools, it is tedious for the clinician or researcher to choose an outcome measure for clinical practice or research. The evidence on validity and reliability in bronchiectasis are unclear. Objectives: To identify the PA assessment tools, describe and evaluate the literature on psychometric properties of instruments measuring and analyzing PA. Methods: The search will be conducted in PubMed/Medline, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Studies, Scopus and EMBASE databases. The keywords, index terms and synonyms of the following words will be used: bronchiectasis, physical activity, and outcome measures. Published studies of adult with clinical and/ or radiologically diagnosed bronchiectasis, aged >18 years, any gender and studies that assessed PA and/or if there are reports on measurement properties of PA will be included in the review. Studies using qualitative research methods, narrative reviews, letters to editors and editorials will be excluded. The quality of the study will be assessed and data will be extracted. Any disagreement will be resolved in the presence of an author not involved in the screening or selecting studies. Discussion: By assessing the quality of studies on measurement properties, this review will help researchers choose the outcome Open Peer Review Approval Status AWAITING PEER REVIEW Any reports and responses or comments on the article can be found at the end of the article.
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE2), an important enzyme in the Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone ... more Angiotensin Converting Enzyme-2 (ACE2), an important enzyme in the Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System, degrades Angiotensin II (Ang II) into Angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)), whose actions are opposite to that of Ang II. Interestingly, SARS CoV-2 virus entry into human cells is mediated by ACE2. ACE2 receptors that are widely expressed in lungs and various other organs. Ang-(1-7) seems to have favorable effects on lungs, by preventing fibrosis in lung inflammation models, and exerts a similar action in cardiac and renal pathologies as well. Thus, modulation of Ang-(1-7) can be of potential benefit in chronic as well as acute inflammatory diseases affecting lungs and other organs. Upregulation of ACE2 by statins in different organs, and its consequent beneficial effects, have been demonstrated in many experimental studies, and also in a few clinical ones. This review aims at probing the role of ACE2 and its therapeutic modulation in pulmonary and extra pulmonary diseases, including CO...
The International Arab Journal of Information Technology, 2022
High Utility Item set Mining (HUIM) from large transaction databases has garnered significant att... more High Utility Item set Mining (HUIM) from large transaction databases has garnered significant attention as it accounts for the revenue of the items purchased in a transaction. Existing tree-based HUIM algorithms discard unpromising items and require at most two database scans for their construction. Hence, whenever utility threshold is changed, the trees have to be reconstructed from scratch. In this regard, the current study proposes to not only incorporate all the items in the tree structure but compactly represent transaction information. The proposed trees namely- Utility Prime Tree (UPT), Prime Cantor Function Tree (PCFT), and String based Utility Prime Tree (SUPT) store transaction-level information in a node unlike item-based prefix trees. Experiments conducted on both real and synthetic datasets compare the execution time and memory of these tree structures with a proposed Utility Count Tree (UCT) and existing IHUP, UP-Growth trees. Due to transaction-level encoding, these s...
Background: The worldwide epidemic of physical inactivity is rising significantly and the main ca... more Background: The worldwide epidemic of physical inactivity is rising significantly and the main cause is a sedentary lifestyle. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of stair climbing and 1 mile walking in relation to cardiorespiratory response and to estimate the VO2max and Physical Fitness Index (PFI). Methods: PAR-Q and IPAQ were used to assess the level of physical activity and sedentary status of participants. 37 participants were initially assessed for their maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) and physical fitness index (PFI) using modified Harvard step test after randomly assigning them into 3 groups. Only 34 participants completed the study; 12 Full stair climbing, 11 half stair climbing, and 11 one mile walking. Full stair climbing group ascended 7 stories of 154 steps, each step 17.5cm in height (vertical distance =27m), whereas half stair climbing group ascended 3.5 stories of 77 steps (vertical distance =13.5m) and 1-mile walk group walked for 1 mile on the treadmill without any inclination. VO2max, PFI, heart rate recovery and rate of perceived exertion were measured at baseline and at the end of week 4. Results: Repeated measures 2 way ANOVA was used to find the differences between 3 groups. Full stair climbing group showed an increase in VO2 max and 1-mile walking group exhibited improvement in HRR. Conclusion: 1-mile walking group and full stair climbing groups exhibited improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness. Full stair climbing group took less than 2 minutes and 1-mile walking group took 11 to 14 minutes to complete the exercise, hence one can opt to perform either stair climbing or walking depending on their preference to improve cardiorespiratory fitness.
2020 Third International Conference on Multimedia Processing, Communication & Information Technology (MPCIT), 2020
Spontaneous Reporting Systems (SRS) are one of the primary sources of the Pharmacovigilance (PV) ... more Spontaneous Reporting Systems (SRS) are one of the primary sources of the Pharmacovigilance (PV) data that collect and store the reports of drug-adverse effects. In order to signal potential Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) from the vast set of reports from the SRS database, Frequent Itemset Mining (FIM) using the Apriori algorithm has been employed successfully. However, FIM fails to accommodate the seriousness of the reported adverse effects and merely counts the support based on the presence or absence of the drug or adverse effect in the database. In this work, Fast High Utility Itemset Mining (FHM) has been employed to accommodate the seriousness factor as a utility measure to arrive at multi-item drug-adverse effects associations. Further, the results indicate the effectiveness of the associations found in terms of Relative Reporting Ratio (RRR) to be significantly better than those of the FIM based Apriori algorithm. A few ADRs enumerated by employing FHM have been summarized which can be taken up for further clinical investigation.
Purpose: Excess force on cornea during eye care testing procedure such as tonometry may damage th... more Purpose: Excess force on cornea during eye care testing procedure such as tonometry may damage the internal structure of eye or may result in erroneous results. The proposed work can be utilized or incorporated as an additional feedback mechanism in the technology innovation of design of eye care instruments. Method: This work is focused on biomechanical simulation of human eye to determine applanation force on cornea and also to find the influence of intraocular pressure (IOP) of eye on Tonometry. Results: The results summarise that force applied by the tonometer will increase linearly for increase in deformation of cornea and the junction of cornea and sclera will undergo maximum deformation and hence will experience maximum stress compared to the centre of cornea where tonometer applanates the cornea. Conclusion: The tonometry will result in deformation of cornea in vertical elongation and the maximum stress is concentrated at the tonometer periphery as well as at the junction of...
The advance technological, the processes monitoring are becoming more complex with increase in, e... more The advance technological, the processes monitoring are becoming more complex with increase in, efficient, analysis of process, number of parameters under data acquisition with single chip environment is increases . New generation data acquisition developments have been emerge with controlling and monitoring with microcontroller technology, which enables real-time data collection, analysis, logging and plotting of data. The requirements the demand of an improved, efficient and up- to-date data logger is increasing, with combination of a sensor, microcontroller, and a data storage device. Data loggers are provided with real time record and time of acquisition. In this paper, a data logger prototype is designed and tested for the specific application as pressure, temperature and vibration. The system works around the AT-MEGA-16 microcontroller. The system is designed and developed to measure temperature, vibration and pressure with accurate sensors and the result is stored in memory s...
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