The environment of Ambagarh Chowki, Rajnandgaon, central India is contaminated with As at excessi... more The environment of Ambagarh Chowki, Rajnandgaon, central India is contaminated with As at excessive levels. The domestic animals are suffering with the diseases due to intake of the contaminated water and food. In this work, the contamination of the water, soil and plant leaf with As and other heavy metals (HMs) i.e. Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn and Pb in the village Koudikasa are described. The concentration of As in the 45 dried leaves were ranged from 0.3-27 mg kg −1 with mean value (p = 0.05) of 5.6 ± 1.4 mg kg −1. The toxic inorganic arsenic species are found to be dominated. The bioindicators for the arsenic and other HMs contaminations are highlighted.
There was a day when we faced a problem of adjusting a large area such as banks, offices and even... more There was a day when we faced a problem of adjusting a large area such as banks, offices and even household CCTVs to cover complete area, this CCTVs are fixed and to ensure there is no blindspot multiple CCTVs are used for surveillance. This gave us our problem definition of the project. The plan is to create a Camera base that will rotate the camera in the direction any random person will move. Thus, any movement within its given radius camera basewill rotate in same direction. Our intention is to use Image Processing to detect motions and instruct Arduino to respond accordingly, the Arduino will instruct motors to rotate accordingly and Camera will capture people randomly . The purpose of this project is to design a camera module which when detecting motion starts following moving object and track the face.
In today's business environment, the trend towards more product variety and customization is unbr... more In today's business environment, the trend towards more product variety and customization is unbroken. Due to this development, the need of agile and reconfigurable production systems emerged to cope with various products and product families. To design and optimize production systems as well as to choose the optimal product matches, product analysis methods are needed. Indeed, most of the known methods aim to analyze a product or one product family on the physical level. Different product families, however, may differ largely in terms of the number and nature of components. This fact impedes an efficient comparison and choice of appropriate product family combinations for the production system. A new methodology is proposed to analyze existing products in view of their functional and physical architecture. The aim is to cluster these products in new assembly oriented product families for the optimization of existing assembly lines and the creation of future reconfigurable assembly systems. Based on Datum Flow Chain, the physical structure of the products is analyzed. Functional subassemblies are identified, and a functional analysis is performed. Moreover, a hybrid functional and physical architecture graph (HyFPAG) is the output which depicts the similarity between product families by providing design support to both, production system planners and product designers. An illustrative example of a nail-clipper is used to explain the proposed methodology. An industrial case study on two product families of steering columns of thyssenkrupp Presta France is then carried out to give a first industrial evaluation of the proposed approach.
The present study was conducted for the evaluation of Interleukin (IL)-1b levels in human gingiva... more The present study was conducted for the evaluation of Interleukin (IL)-1b levels in human gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), intensity of pain, and the amount of tooth movement measured during canine retraction using different magnitudes of continuous orthodontic force. A statistically significant no. of subjects were included for the study (n=16, 6 male subjects and 10 female subjects). The age ranged from 18 to 24 years and all were diagnosed with Class I bimaxillary protrusion. They underwent first premolar extractions prior to participating in the study. The maxillary cuspids were then retracted using a continuous force of either 50 g or 150 g. This was executed using nickel-titanium coil springs on segmented arch wires. The opposite counterpart i.e. mandibular cuspid was used as control. Gingival crevicular fluid was then drawn from the distal aspect of each tooth at defined time intervals. This was followed by the assessment of IL-1b concentrations, pain intensity, using the visual analogue scale (VAS), and the amount of tooth movement. ANOVA test, Friedman test and paired t-tests were used for comparisons of IL-1b in GCF, the plaque and gingival indices, and the efficiency of tooth movement on pain perception, respectively. The 150 g group showed the highest level of IL-1b concentration at 24hrs from baseline and at 2 with significant differences compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The mean VAS score of pain intensity from the 150 g force was significantly greater than from the 50 g force at 24 hours (P < 0.01). However, no significant difference in the amount of tooth movement was found between these two different magnitudes of continuous force at 2 months. A 50 g force could effectively induce tooth movement similar to 150 g with less pain and less inflammation.
Exposure to harmful by-products of combustion arising from the use of biomass fuels for cooking a... more Exposure to harmful by-products of combustion arising from the use of biomass fuels for cooking and heating in rural areas of developing countries results in poor air quality and is responsible for millions of deaths yearly. Little formal quantification and measurement of carbon monoxide (CO), one of these harmful air pollutants, have been performed in rural areas of North India. In the current study, we measured exposure to CO from cooking and heating in seven households using biomass and liquid petroleum gas (LPG) in open and closed kitchens. Exposures to CO ranged from 4.81 to 7.01, 0.20 to 1.81, and 0.02 to 0.75 mg m −3 for households cooking with biomass, cooking with LPG, and for households in which no cooking occurred, respectively. It was observed that the CO concentration in biomass-only households is much higher (78%) than in LPG-only households (14%). We found exposures in closed kitchens approximately two times higher than in open kitchens. Location of the kitchen (i.e., open vs. closed) was the most important determinant of exposure of primary cooks to CO in this geography.
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions, 2018
Approximately 3 billion people worldwide cook with solid fuels, such as wood, charcoal, and agric... more Approximately 3 billion people worldwide cook with solid fuels, such as wood, charcoal, and agricultural residues. These fuels are often combusted in inefficient cookstoves, producing carbonaceous emissions. Between 2.6 and 3.8 million premature deaths occur as a result to
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions, 2017
Emissions of airborne particles from biomass-burning are a significant source of black carbon (BC... more Emissions of airborne particles from biomass-burning are a significant source of black carbon (BC) and brown carbon (BrC) in rural areas of developing countries where biomass is the predominant energy source for cooking and heating. This study explores the molecular composition of organic particles from household cooking emissions, with a focus on identifying fuel-specific compounds and BrC chromophores. Traditional meals were prepared by a local cook with dung and brushwood-fueled cookstoves in a village of Palwal district, Haryana, India. The cooking events were carried out in a village kitchen while controlling for variables including stove type, fuel moisture content, and meal. The particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) emissions were collected on filters, and then analyzed via nanospray desorption electrospray ionization/high resolution mass spectrometry (nano-DESI-HRMS) and high performance liquid chromatography/photodiode array/high resolution mass spectrometry (HP...
International Journal of Clean Coal and Energy, 2016
Coal is a dirty fuel contaminated with F − and other elements. Several million tons of coal are b... more Coal is a dirty fuel contaminated with F − and other elements. Several million tons of coal are burnt in Korba basin, central India to generate electricity with pouring fluorine and other elements into the environment. The water is contaminated with F − and other chemicals beyond the permissible limits. The contaminated water is consumed by the human and animals by excreting the balanced toxicants through the stool and urine. Several folds higher concentration of F − in urine (44 mg/L) and stool (266 mg/kg) samples of the cattle are observed. The prevalence of fluorosis diseases in cattle of the Korba basin is reported.
In cephalometrics, both angular and linear variables have been proposed to analyze sagittal jaw r... more In cephalometrics, both angular and linear variables have been proposed to analyze sagittal jaw relationship and jaw position. It is necessary to remember the drawbacks of each parameter when assessing sagittal jaw relationship and should be related to clinical diagnosis to indicate the underlying skeletal jaw discrepancy. Three planes of discrepancies are commonly described in orthodontics namely, transverse, sagittal and vertical. Assessing this sagittal relationship is a challenging issue in orthodontics. This review article discussed the various parameters, which in combination would represent a powerful diagnostic tool.
The environment of Ambagarh Chowki, Rajnandgaon, central India is contaminated with As at excessi... more The environment of Ambagarh Chowki, Rajnandgaon, central India is contaminated with As at excessive levels. The domestic animals are suffering with the diseases due to intake of the contaminated water and food. In this work, the contamination of the water, soil and plant leaf with As and other heavy metals (HMs) i.e. Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn and Pb in the village Koudikasa are described. The concentration of As in the 45 dried leaves were ranged from 0.3-27 mg kg −1 with mean value (p = 0.05) of 5.6 ± 1.4 mg kg −1. The toxic inorganic arsenic species are found to be dominated. The bioindicators for the arsenic and other HMs contaminations are highlighted.
There was a day when we faced a problem of adjusting a large area such as banks, offices and even... more There was a day when we faced a problem of adjusting a large area such as banks, offices and even household CCTVs to cover complete area, this CCTVs are fixed and to ensure there is no blindspot multiple CCTVs are used for surveillance. This gave us our problem definition of the project. The plan is to create a Camera base that will rotate the camera in the direction any random person will move. Thus, any movement within its given radius camera basewill rotate in same direction. Our intention is to use Image Processing to detect motions and instruct Arduino to respond accordingly, the Arduino will instruct motors to rotate accordingly and Camera will capture people randomly . The purpose of this project is to design a camera module which when detecting motion starts following moving object and track the face.
In today's business environment, the trend towards more product variety and customization is unbr... more In today's business environment, the trend towards more product variety and customization is unbroken. Due to this development, the need of agile and reconfigurable production systems emerged to cope with various products and product families. To design and optimize production systems as well as to choose the optimal product matches, product analysis methods are needed. Indeed, most of the known methods aim to analyze a product or one product family on the physical level. Different product families, however, may differ largely in terms of the number and nature of components. This fact impedes an efficient comparison and choice of appropriate product family combinations for the production system. A new methodology is proposed to analyze existing products in view of their functional and physical architecture. The aim is to cluster these products in new assembly oriented product families for the optimization of existing assembly lines and the creation of future reconfigurable assembly systems. Based on Datum Flow Chain, the physical structure of the products is analyzed. Functional subassemblies are identified, and a functional analysis is performed. Moreover, a hybrid functional and physical architecture graph (HyFPAG) is the output which depicts the similarity between product families by providing design support to both, production system planners and product designers. An illustrative example of a nail-clipper is used to explain the proposed methodology. An industrial case study on two product families of steering columns of thyssenkrupp Presta France is then carried out to give a first industrial evaluation of the proposed approach.
The present study was conducted for the evaluation of Interleukin (IL)-1b levels in human gingiva... more The present study was conducted for the evaluation of Interleukin (IL)-1b levels in human gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), intensity of pain, and the amount of tooth movement measured during canine retraction using different magnitudes of continuous orthodontic force. A statistically significant no. of subjects were included for the study (n=16, 6 male subjects and 10 female subjects). The age ranged from 18 to 24 years and all were diagnosed with Class I bimaxillary protrusion. They underwent first premolar extractions prior to participating in the study. The maxillary cuspids were then retracted using a continuous force of either 50 g or 150 g. This was executed using nickel-titanium coil springs on segmented arch wires. The opposite counterpart i.e. mandibular cuspid was used as control. Gingival crevicular fluid was then drawn from the distal aspect of each tooth at defined time intervals. This was followed by the assessment of IL-1b concentrations, pain intensity, using the visual analogue scale (VAS), and the amount of tooth movement. ANOVA test, Friedman test and paired t-tests were used for comparisons of IL-1b in GCF, the plaque and gingival indices, and the efficiency of tooth movement on pain perception, respectively. The 150 g group showed the highest level of IL-1b concentration at 24hrs from baseline and at 2 with significant differences compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The mean VAS score of pain intensity from the 150 g force was significantly greater than from the 50 g force at 24 hours (P < 0.01). However, no significant difference in the amount of tooth movement was found between these two different magnitudes of continuous force at 2 months. A 50 g force could effectively induce tooth movement similar to 150 g with less pain and less inflammation.
Exposure to harmful by-products of combustion arising from the use of biomass fuels for cooking a... more Exposure to harmful by-products of combustion arising from the use of biomass fuels for cooking and heating in rural areas of developing countries results in poor air quality and is responsible for millions of deaths yearly. Little formal quantification and measurement of carbon monoxide (CO), one of these harmful air pollutants, have been performed in rural areas of North India. In the current study, we measured exposure to CO from cooking and heating in seven households using biomass and liquid petroleum gas (LPG) in open and closed kitchens. Exposures to CO ranged from 4.81 to 7.01, 0.20 to 1.81, and 0.02 to 0.75 mg m −3 for households cooking with biomass, cooking with LPG, and for households in which no cooking occurred, respectively. It was observed that the CO concentration in biomass-only households is much higher (78%) than in LPG-only households (14%). We found exposures in closed kitchens approximately two times higher than in open kitchens. Location of the kitchen (i.e., open vs. closed) was the most important determinant of exposure of primary cooks to CO in this geography.
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions, 2018
Approximately 3 billion people worldwide cook with solid fuels, such as wood, charcoal, and agric... more Approximately 3 billion people worldwide cook with solid fuels, such as wood, charcoal, and agricultural residues. These fuels are often combusted in inefficient cookstoves, producing carbonaceous emissions. Between 2.6 and 3.8 million premature deaths occur as a result to
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions, 2017
Emissions of airborne particles from biomass-burning are a significant source of black carbon (BC... more Emissions of airborne particles from biomass-burning are a significant source of black carbon (BC) and brown carbon (BrC) in rural areas of developing countries where biomass is the predominant energy source for cooking and heating. This study explores the molecular composition of organic particles from household cooking emissions, with a focus on identifying fuel-specific compounds and BrC chromophores. Traditional meals were prepared by a local cook with dung and brushwood-fueled cookstoves in a village of Palwal district, Haryana, India. The cooking events were carried out in a village kitchen while controlling for variables including stove type, fuel moisture content, and meal. The particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) emissions were collected on filters, and then analyzed via nanospray desorption electrospray ionization/high resolution mass spectrometry (nano-DESI-HRMS) and high performance liquid chromatography/photodiode array/high resolution mass spectrometry (HP...
International Journal of Clean Coal and Energy, 2016
Coal is a dirty fuel contaminated with F − and other elements. Several million tons of coal are b... more Coal is a dirty fuel contaminated with F − and other elements. Several million tons of coal are burnt in Korba basin, central India to generate electricity with pouring fluorine and other elements into the environment. The water is contaminated with F − and other chemicals beyond the permissible limits. The contaminated water is consumed by the human and animals by excreting the balanced toxicants through the stool and urine. Several folds higher concentration of F − in urine (44 mg/L) and stool (266 mg/kg) samples of the cattle are observed. The prevalence of fluorosis diseases in cattle of the Korba basin is reported.
In cephalometrics, both angular and linear variables have been proposed to analyze sagittal jaw r... more In cephalometrics, both angular and linear variables have been proposed to analyze sagittal jaw relationship and jaw position. It is necessary to remember the drawbacks of each parameter when assessing sagittal jaw relationship and should be related to clinical diagnosis to indicate the underlying skeletal jaw discrepancy. Three planes of discrepancies are commonly described in orthodontics namely, transverse, sagittal and vertical. Assessing this sagittal relationship is a challenging issue in orthodontics. This review article discussed the various parameters, which in combination would represent a powerful diagnostic tool.
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