Papers by Anette de Bruijn
Annals of Botany, 2000
Phylogenetic relationships of Asphodelaceae were investigated by parsimony analysis of 57 monocot... more Phylogenetic relationships of Asphodelaceae were investigated by parsimony analysis of 57 monocot rbcL nucleotide sequences, including 17 genera that have at some time been assigned to the family. All genera of Asphodelaceae except for three (Hemiphylacus, Paradisea and Simethis) form a strongly supported monophyletic group with Hemerocallidaceae and Xanthorrhoeaceae as their immediate sister taxa. In a second analysis, we added 34 plastid trnL-F sequences (an intron and a spacer between two transfer RNA genes) for the Asphodelaceae clade and nearest outgroup families (Doryanthaceae, Hemerocallidaceae, Iridaceae, Ixioliriaceae, Tecophilaeaceae and Xanthorrhoeaceae) in an attempt to improve resolution and levels of internal support. The results from the separate analyses produced highly similar although not identical results. No strongly supported incongruent groups occurred, and we combined both sequence regions in one analysis, which demonstrated improved results. Strong support exists for a monophyletic subfamily Alooideae, but this leaves a paraphyletic subfamily Asphodeloideae because Bulbine/ Jodrellia alone are strongly supported as the sister group of Alooideae. Characters that have been used to separate Alooideae as a distinct group (either as here a subfamily or as a separate family by other authors), such as secondary growth and bimodal karyotypes, are found in at least some members of Asphodeloideae, particularly in Bulbine and Jodrellia for the karyotypes, making Alooideae less easily recognized.
Systematic Biology, 2000
Following (1) the large-scale molecular phylogeny of seed plants based on plastid rbcL gene seque... more Following (1) the large-scale molecular phylogeny of seed plants based on plastid rbcL gene sequences (published in 1993 by Chase et al., Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 80:528-580) and (2) the 18S nuclear phylogeny of flowering plants (published in 1997 by Soltis et al., Ann. Missouri Bot.
Botanical Journal of The Linnean Society, 1999
Sequence analyses of the plastid genes atpB and rbcL support an expanded order Malvales. Within t... more Sequence analyses of the plastid genes atpB and rbcL support an expanded order Malvales. Within this alliance, core Malvales are clearly supported and comprise most genera that have previously been included in Sterculiaceae, Tiliaceae, Bombacaceae, and Malvaceae. Additional well supported malvalean alliances include the bixalean clade (Bixaceae, Diego-dendraceae, and Cochlospermaceae), the cistalean clade (Cistaceae, Dipterocarpaceae, and Sarcolaenaceae) and Thymelaeaceae (including Gonystyloideae and Aquilarioideae). Our results indicate sister-group relationships between (1) Neuradaceae and the cistalean clade; (2) Sphaerosepalaceae and Thymelaeaceae; (3) these two clades (1 and 2); and (4) all these and an alliance comprising the bixalean clade and core Malvales, but this pattern is weakly supported by the bootstrap. The affinities of Muntingiaceae and Petenaea are especially ambiguous, although almost certainly they are Malvales s.l. The traditional delimitation of families within core Malvales is untenable. Instead, we propose to merge Sterculiaceae, Tiliaceae and Bombacaceae with Malvaceae and subdivide this enlarged family Malvaceae into nine subfamilies based on molecular, morphological, and biogeographical data: (1) Byttnerioideae, including tribes Byttnerieae, Lasiopetaleae and Theobromeae (all of which have cucullate petals) and Hermannieae; (2) Grewioideae, including most genera of former Tiliaceae; (3) Tilioideae, monogeneric in our analysis; (4) Helicteroideae, comprising most of the taxa previously included in Helictereae, plus Mansonia, Triplochiton (indicating that apocarpy evolved at least twice within Malvaceae) and possibly Durioneae; (5) Sterculioideae, defined by apetalous, apocarpous, usually unisexual flowers with androgynophores; (6) Brownlowioideae, circumscribed as in previous classifications; (7) Dombeyoideae, expanded to include Burretiodendron, Eriolaena, Pterospermum, and Schoutmia; (8) Bombacoideae, corresponding to former Bombacaceae (without Durioneae) but including Fremontodendreae
American Journal of Botany, 2004
Analysis of plastid rbcL DNA sequence data of the pantropical family Phyllanthaceae (Malpighiales... more Analysis of plastid rbcL DNA sequence data of the pantropical family Phyllanthaceae (Malpighiales) and related biovulate lineages of Euphorbiaceae sensu lato is presented. Sampling for this study includes representatives of all 10 tribes and 51 of the 60 genera attributed to Euphorbiaceae-Phyllanthoideae. Centroplacus and Putranjivaceae (Phyllanthoideae-Drypeteae) containing a paraphyletic Drypetes are excluded from Phyllanthaceae. Croizatia, previously thought to be a ''basal'' member of Euphorbiaceae-Oldfieldioideae (Picrodendraceae), falls within Phyllanthaceae. Phyllanthaceae with the mentioned adjustments form a monophyletic group consisting of two sister clades that mostly correspond to the distribution of tanniniferous leaf epidermal cells and inflorescence structure. With the exception of bigeneric Hymenocardieae and monotypic Bischofieae, none of the current Phyllanthoideae (Phyllanthaceae) tribal circumscriptions are supported by rbcL. Antidesma, Bischofia, Hymenocardia, Martretia, and Uapaca, all of which have previously been placed in monogeneric families, are confirmed as members of Phyllanthaceae. Savia is polyphyletic, and Cleistanthus appears paraphyletic. Paraphyly of Phyllanthus is also indicated, but this pattern lacks bootstrap support. Morphological characters are discussed and mapped for inflorescence structure, tanniniferous epidermal cells, breeding system, and fruit and embryo type. A table summarizes the main characters of six euphorbiaceous lineages.
Botanical Journal of The Linnean Society, 1998
The astelioid group of asparagoid lilies (Lilianae -Asparagales) comprises Hypoxidaceae, Asteliac... more The astelioid group of asparagoid lilies (Lilianae -Asparagales) comprises Hypoxidaceae, Asteliaceae, Blandfordia and Lamria. New information is presented on astelioid anatomy, together with a review of other systematic characters. These data are analysed in the context of recent evidence from rbcL nucleotide sequences that astelioids are related to orchids, and that astelioids and orchids @lus Alania and Bova) form a clade that is sister to all other asparagoid taxa. Hypoxidaceae and Asteliaceae differ from each other in several respects, but there are certain characters linking the two families, notably branched hairs and mucilage canals, unusual characters in Lilianae. Family diagnoses are upheld, but the precise relationships of Blandfordia and Lanuria are still poorly supported within the astelioid clade.
Ecology Letters, 2003
Mean temperature of establishment years for warm-and cold-year subpopulations of a naturally occu... more Mean temperature of establishment years for warm-and cold-year subpopulations of a naturally occurring stand of Betula pendula (birch) shows a difference equivalent to that between current temperatures and temperatures projected for 35-55 years hence, given Ôbusiness as usual.Õ The existence of Ôpre-adaptedÕ individuals in standing tree populations would reduce temperature-based advantages for invading species and, if general, bring into question assumptions currently used in models of global climate change. Our results demonstrate a methodology useful for investigating the important ecological issue of adaptation vs. range shifts as a means of response to climate change.
Botanical Journal of The Linnean Society, 1998
The astelioid group of asparagoid lilies (Lilianae - Asparagales) comprises Hypoxidaceae, Astelia... more The astelioid group of asparagoid lilies (Lilianae - Asparagales) comprises Hypoxidaceae, Asteliaceae, Blandfordia and Lanaria. New information is presented on astelioid anatomy, together with a review of other systematic characters. These data are analysed in the context of recent evidence from rbcL nucleotide sequences that astelioids are related to orchids, and that astelioids and orchids (plus Alania and Borya) form a clade that is sister to all other asparagoid taxa. Hypoxidaceae and Asteliaceae differ from each other in several respects, but there are certain characters linking the two families, notably branched hairs and mucilage canals, unusual characters in Lilianae. Family diagnoses are upheld, but the precise relationships of Blandfordia and Lanaria are still poorly supported within the astelioid clade.
Botanical Journal of The Linnean Society, 1999
and Pentaplaris; (9) Malvoideae, monophyletic but difficult to delimit from Bombacoideae, which w... more and Pentaplaris; (9) Malvoideae, monophyletic but difficult to delimit from Bombacoideae, which with more data and taxon sampling than here might prove to be paraphyletic without Malvoideae.
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Papers by Anette de Bruijn