Papers by Amro M Elshurafa
The power generation sectors of many countries are undergoing a transformation through the deploy... more The power generation sectors of many countries are undergoing a transformation through the deployment of renewable energy (RE) to address climate change issues. Saudi Arabia, for example, intends to retire liquid fuels in its power mix and develop its renewable capacity to meet its 50% renewable target by 2030 (Vision 2030 2022; Saudi & Middle East Green Initiatives 2023).
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
Saudi Arabia’s Ministry of Energy has set ambitious renewable energy goals. Although the Kingdom’... more Saudi Arabia’s Ministry of Energy has set ambitious renewable energy goals. Although the Kingdom’s current energy mix is dominated by conventional energy (>95%), it aims to draw 50% of its energy from renewable sources by 2030. Currently, the Kingdom enjoys very high solar photovoltaic potential, and it is also well positioned for wind generation. Thus, studying the reliability of highly renewable power systems and the impact of converting conventional generation to renewable energy is of paramount importance. The latter analysis is important because temperatures in the Kingdom are often high for a considerable portion of the year.
This paper introduces a novel MEMS gyroscope that is capable, for the first time, of exciting the... more This paper introduces a novel MEMS gyroscope that is capable, for the first time, of exciting the drive mode differentially or in common mode. The structure also decouples the drive and sense modes via an intermediate mass and decoupling beams. Both drive and sense modes are fully differential enabling control over the zero-rateoutput for the former and maximizing output sensitivity using a bridge circuit for the latter. Further, the structure is fully symmetric about the x-and y-axes. Complete analytical analysis based on the equation of motion was performed and verified using two commercially available finite element software packages. Results from both methods exhibit good agreement. The analysis of the sensor shows an electrical sensitivity of 1.14 (mV/ (º/s)).
Energy Policy
Cost, Emission, and Macroeconomic Implications of Diesel Displacement in the Saudi Agricultural S... more Cost, Emission, and Macroeconomic Implications of Diesel Displacement in the Saudi Agricultural Sector About KAPSARC The King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center (KAPSARC) is a non-profit global institution dedicated to independent research into energy economics, policy, technology and the environment across all types of energy. KAPSARC's mandate is to advance the understanding of energy challenges and opportunities facing the world today and tomorrow, through unbiased, independent, and high-caliber research for the benefit of society. KAPSARC is located in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
For the past two to three decades, and particularly in the wake of the Great Recession, clean ene... more For the past two to three decades, and particularly in the wake of the Great Recession, clean energy transitions have been sold as a three-for-the-price-ofone policy: creating “green collar” jobs to get the unemployed back to work, using domestic resources to reduce dependence on imported fossil fuels, and all while reducing carbon emissions. The first of two implicit goals of this “three-fer” was the development of local, high tech industries supported by policy-driven domestic demand for wind and solar equipment. These high tech industries would, in turn, deliver the second goal of driving down the costs of clean energy technologies to the point where they would no longer require policy support.
The King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center (KAPSARC) is a non-profit global institut... more The King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center (KAPSARC) is a non-profit global institution dedicated to independent research into energy economics, policy, technology and the environment across all types of energy. KAPSARC's mandate is to advance the understanding of energy challenges and opportunities facing the world today and tomorrow, through unbiased, independent, and high-caliber research for the benefit of society. KAPSARC is located in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Two-layer radio frequency MEMS fractal capacitors in
The Economics of Renewable Energy in the Gulf
Research Papers in Economics, 2016
Intermittent generation from wind or photovoltaics (PV) imposes a cost on the power systems in wh... more Intermittent generation from wind or photovoltaics (PV) imposes a cost on the power systems in which they are deployed. These costs vary regionally due to different fuel costs and ramping flexibility of existing grid capacities. With 2015 as a reference year, we examine the costs of PV intermittency and costs of integration to power utilities in Saudi Arabia, using a least-cost approach for the power utilities. The operational facets of PV integration to grid operators will be more pronounced with higher PV penetration, so, to focus on system operation, we exclude the capital costs. The excess of the price paid to new PV generators over the current average consumer tariff would also have to be covered by the utility, and will depend on the details of the power purchase contracts.
The King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center (KAPSARC) is a non-profit global institut... more The King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center (KAPSARC) is a non-profit global institution dedicated to independent research into energy economics, policy, technology and the environment, across all types of energy. KAPSARC's mandate is to advance the understanding of energy challenges and opportunities facing the world today and tomorrow, through unbiased, independent, and high-caliber research for the benefit of society. KAPSARC is located in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
The King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center (KAPSARC) is a non-profit global institut... more The King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center (KAPSARC) is a non-profit global institution dedicated to independent research into energy economics, policy, technology and the environment across all types of energy. KAPSARC's mandate is to advance the understanding of energy challenges and opportunities facing the world today and tomorrow, through unbiased, independent, and high-caliber research for the benefit of society. KAPSARC is located in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Electricity storage technology has many useful applications in the energy sector and can compleme... more Electricity storage technology has many useful applications in the energy sector and can complement variable renewable power generation to achieve a low-carbon future. For policymakers, utilities, and investors, effective decisions in this context require an understanding of how to determine the monetary value of storage.
Sustainability
In this paper, we quantify the economic and environmental implications of operating a standalone ... more In this paper, we quantify the economic and environmental implications of operating a standalone photovoltaic-battery system (PVB) while varying the battery’s minimum allowable state of charge (MSOC), the load profile, and simultaneously incorporating ambient temperature effects in hot climates. To that end, Saudi Arabia has been chosen for this case study. Over a project lifetime of 25 years, we find that, contrary to the widely accepted norm of 50% being a reasonable MSOC, a lower MSOC can bestow economic benefits. For example, a MSOC of 20% results in a lower number of batteries required throughout the lifetime of the project—while still meeting demand. For a village of 1000 homes, this translates to a saving of $47 million in net present value. Further, incorporating temperature effects results in deducing more realistic costs that are 125% higher than the ideal scenario (i.e., when temperature is not modeled). This difference stems from underestimating the actual number of batt...
Journal of Building Engineering
Journal of Cleaner Production
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Papers by Amro M Elshurafa