Additional file 4: Table S2. Subgroup analysis based on region, types of diabetes and sample size... more Additional file 4: Table S2. Subgroup analysis based on region, types of diabetes and sample size among diabetes patients.
Additional file 2: Table S1. The effect of hypertension on diabetic nephropathy among diabetes pa... more Additional file 2: Table S1. The effect of hypertension on diabetic nephropathy among diabetes patients.
Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Flow chart describing selection of studies for a meta-analysis of the... more Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Flow chart describing selection of studies for a meta-analysis of the prevalence of DN and association hypertension among diabetic patients in sub-Saharan Africa.
Objective: This meta-analysis was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy a... more Objective: This meta-analysis was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy and its association with hypertension in diabetics of sub-Saharan African countries. Results: A total of 27 studies were included for the meta-analysis. The pooled overall prevalence of diabetic nephropathy was 35.3 (95% CI 27.46-43.14). In subgroup analyses by types of diabetes and regions, for instance, the prevalence was 41.4% (95% CI 32.2-50.58%) in type-2 diabetes mellitus and 29.7% (95% CI 14.3-45.1%) in Eastern Africa. Pooled point estimates from included studies revealed an increased risk of diabetic nephropathy with hypertension compared to without hypertension (OR = 1.67, 95% CI 1.31, 2.14). Diabetic nephropathy is a common complication in diabetic patients. Diabetic nephropathy complication is significantly higher in hypertensive patients. A preventive strategy should be adopted or planned to reduce diabetes mellitus and its complication of neuropathy, particularly in hypertensive.
Purpose To determine the incidence of glaucomatous progression at mean intraocular pressure (IOP)... more Purpose To determine the incidence of glaucomatous progression at mean intraocular pressure (IOP) levels in patients with ocular hypertension (OHT). Methods A retrospective, multicentre, cohort analysis of 230 OHT patients with 5 years of follow-up evaluated for risk factors associated with progressive optic disc and visual field loss to determine the incidence of glaucomatous progression. Results Forty percent of patients with IOPs X24 mmHg, 18% of patients with IOPs of 21-23 mmHg, 11% of patients with IOPs with 18-20 mmHg, and 3% of patients with IOPs of p17 mmHg progressed to glaucoma. The mean IOP was 19.872.4 mmHg in the stable group and 21.772.6 mmHg in the progressed group (P ¼ 0.0004). The highest average peak IOP was 23.474.0 mmHg in the stable group and 25.273.1 mmHg in the progressed group (P ¼ 0.006). Based on the pachymetry values for central corneal thickness, patients with thinner corneas more often progressed to glaucoma (Po0.0001). A multivariant regression analysis to determine risk factors for progression was positive primarily for higher peak IOPs, older age, male gender, argon laser trabeculoplasty, visual acuity X20/50, and no topical medical therapy or b-blocker therapy prior to the study. Conclusions IOP reduction within the normal range over 5 years of follow-up reduces the chance of progression to primary openangle glaucoma in OHT patients.
Additional file 4: Table S2. Subgroup analysis based on region, types of diabetes and sample size... more Additional file 4: Table S2. Subgroup analysis based on region, types of diabetes and sample size among diabetes patients.
Additional file 2: Table S1. The effect of hypertension on diabetic nephropathy among diabetes pa... more Additional file 2: Table S1. The effect of hypertension on diabetic nephropathy among diabetes patients.
Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Flow chart describing selection of studies for a meta-analysis of the... more Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Flow chart describing selection of studies for a meta-analysis of the prevalence of DN and association hypertension among diabetic patients in sub-Saharan Africa.
Objective: This meta-analysis was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy a... more Objective: This meta-analysis was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy and its association with hypertension in diabetics of sub-Saharan African countries. Results: A total of 27 studies were included for the meta-analysis. The pooled overall prevalence of diabetic nephropathy was 35.3 (95% CI 27.46-43.14). In subgroup analyses by types of diabetes and regions, for instance, the prevalence was 41.4% (95% CI 32.2-50.58%) in type-2 diabetes mellitus and 29.7% (95% CI 14.3-45.1%) in Eastern Africa. Pooled point estimates from included studies revealed an increased risk of diabetic nephropathy with hypertension compared to without hypertension (OR = 1.67, 95% CI 1.31, 2.14). Diabetic nephropathy is a common complication in diabetic patients. Diabetic nephropathy complication is significantly higher in hypertensive patients. A preventive strategy should be adopted or planned to reduce diabetes mellitus and its complication of neuropathy, particularly in hypertensive.
Purpose To determine the incidence of glaucomatous progression at mean intraocular pressure (IOP)... more Purpose To determine the incidence of glaucomatous progression at mean intraocular pressure (IOP) levels in patients with ocular hypertension (OHT). Methods A retrospective, multicentre, cohort analysis of 230 OHT patients with 5 years of follow-up evaluated for risk factors associated with progressive optic disc and visual field loss to determine the incidence of glaucomatous progression. Results Forty percent of patients with IOPs X24 mmHg, 18% of patients with IOPs of 21-23 mmHg, 11% of patients with IOPs with 18-20 mmHg, and 3% of patients with IOPs of p17 mmHg progressed to glaucoma. The mean IOP was 19.872.4 mmHg in the stable group and 21.772.6 mmHg in the progressed group (P ¼ 0.0004). The highest average peak IOP was 23.474.0 mmHg in the stable group and 25.273.1 mmHg in the progressed group (P ¼ 0.006). Based on the pachymetry values for central corneal thickness, patients with thinner corneas more often progressed to glaucoma (Po0.0001). A multivariant regression analysis to determine risk factors for progression was positive primarily for higher peak IOPs, older age, male gender, argon laser trabeculoplasty, visual acuity X20/50, and no topical medical therapy or b-blocker therapy prior to the study. Conclusions IOP reduction within the normal range over 5 years of follow-up reduces the chance of progression to primary openangle glaucoma in OHT patients.
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