Hemp fibers and plastics as a sustainable alternative to synthetic fibers and plastics The curren... more Hemp fibers and plastics as a sustainable alternative to synthetic fibers and plastics The current production cost of Hemp-based bioplastics surpasses that of traditional plastics, primarily attributed to the restricted availability of hemp as a raw material and its relatively high processing expenses.
This paper discusses the OFDM in wireless communication. It includes Bit Error Rate and Symbol Er... more This paper discusses the OFDM in wireless communication. It includes Bit Error Rate and Symbol Error Rate verses ratio of bit energy to noise power spectral density (E b /N o ) for diff erent communication channels like AWGN channel, Rayleigh multipath Channel, combined Rayleigh multipath with AWGN channel and Rician Channel. The BER is 10 - 5 , 10 - 4.5 , 10 - 4 and 10 - 3 respectively for above communication channels at 30dB of SNR. This simulati on is designed on MATLAB 9 version with 64 - point FFT. The coding which is done in this paper is STTC for MIMO. It can be used for OFDM Bluetooth 802.16 - 2004 and mobile WIMAX 802.16e - 2005.
Graft spasm is a rare but well-recognized complication of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).... more Graft spasm is a rare but well-recognized complication of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The occurrence of graft spam is multifactorial and can be fatal if not diagnosed and treated promptly. There are no well-defined guidelines for the management of a severe spasm. We report the case of a 29-year-old man with left internal mammary artery (LIMA) spasm in the immediate post-operative period following CABG. The intracoronary infusion of nitroglycerin relieved the spasm temporarily, confirming the diagnosis. The patient eventually underwent redo bypass grafting.
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant disorder that results in vas... more Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant disorder that results in vascular defects and arteriovenous malformations. We present a 25-year-old male with a past medical history of HHT who came in with chest pain and was found to have an ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and subsequently received a bare-metal stent to the mid-left anterior descending artery (LAD). Although there is a predisposition for bleeding, HHT can lead to thrombotic manifestations such as myocardial infarction (MI), as seen in our patient. Healthcare providers should be aware of this association to be able to efficiently diagnose acute coronary syndrome in HHT patients. Further studies are required to assess the efficacy of bare-metal stents in HHT patients who present with an MI.
A 47-year-old female with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder on prescription Adderall prese... more A 47-year-old female with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder on prescription Adderall presented to the hospital with worsening dyspnea for the one-month duration. She was admitted to the medical intensive care unit with respiratory failure requiring non-invasive positive pressure ventilation. Cardiac catheterization confirmed the diagnosis of non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema. With the discontinuation of Adderall, use of BiPAP, and aggressive diuresis with loop diuretics, there was evidence of symptomatic, laboratory, and radiological improvement. Her symptoms were attributed to Adderall use as a diagnosis of exclusion. To our knowledge, this paper reports the first case of Adderall-induced non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema leading to respiratory failure. Although case reports of abuse or overdose of other stimulants such as amphetamine and cocaine leading to a plethora of cardiac and pulmonary complications such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), cardiogenic pulmonary edema, and non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema exist, there are no reports that using Adderall at routine prescription doses can lead to these problems.
Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports, 2021
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is often a difficult condition to diagnose, since it occurs insidious... more Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is often a difficult condition to diagnose, since it occurs insidiously and is a diagnosis of exclusion. Patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NFT1) have been associated with severe exacerbations of PH. To our knowledge, less than 20 cases of PH in NFT1 patients have been reported. However, the severity of presenting symptoms requires physicians to be aware of this association and pursue the appropriate diagnostic workup. In our report, we present a 54-year-old NFT1 patient who presented with worsening dyspnea secondary to PH, which was being treated with trepostanil and macitetan. She required a right heart catheterization to assess her pulmonary artery pressures (which remained elevated). She was placed on tadalafil in addition to trepostanil and macitetan and noted significant resolution of her symptoms. Further studies are required to explore the association between PH and NFT1 and examine the efficacy of triple therapy with endothelin receptor anta...
Plastic pollution is one of the prime and alarming issues in developing countries that have vast ... more Plastic pollution is one of the prime and alarming issues in developing countries that have vast environmental and human health impacts which need to be addressed as a priority. Unfortunately, limited work has been done on the topic, especially on air and water pollution due to plastics in Pakistan. Informal solid waste management is being done by municipalities, which is not adequate, and the problem will increase with the upsurge in population and industrialization. There is a need to address the knowledge gap and improvements in the existing conditions to manage the issue of plastic pollution separately. In this chapter, causes; impacts of plastic pollution both on human and environmental health, plastic industries, and legislative context; and best practices to manage plastic pollution along with some important recommendations are discussed. It is expected the data presented may help the managers, environmental scientists, and policymakers to manage the problem of plastic pollut...
Austin Journal of Cancer and Clinical Research, 2021
Stem cells are undifferentiated, immature, and unspecialized cells having huge potential for diff... more Stem cells are undifferentiated, immature, and unspecialized cells having huge potential for differentiation and proliferation into the specialized functionalized cells. More recently, CSC has been described in breast cancer and brain tumors where they make up as few as 1% of the cells in a tumor. The features of cancer stem cells are just like normal stem cells but their replication rate many times faster than normal cells. Regenerative medicines are based on stem cells, are potentially useful to regenerate damaged cells, tissues, organs and replace cancer cells with normal cells. Induced pluripotent stem cells are the most important candidates for regenerative medicines, tissue engineering, cell reprogramming, and 3D printing. Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) have a tumorinitiating capacity and play crucial roles in tumor metastasis, relapse and chemo/ radioresistance. Because CSCs are resistant to chemotherapeutic drugs and cause recurrence of cancer and also have the ability to be regen...
Patients with heart metastases could present insidiously, with symptoms that mimic those of conge... more Patients with heart metastases could present insidiously, with symptoms that mimic those of congestive heart failure or acute coronary syndrome. Our patient initially presented with vague lower sternal and abdominal pain and had a past medical history of coronary artery disease. Her first two troponin levels were elevated, and her EKG was significant for ischemic changes. Echocardiography showed a large mass in the right ventricle and the presence of pericardial effusion. CT scan of the thorax, abdomen, and pelvis showed multiple pulmonary nodules as well as liver metastases. Our patient opted not to pursue further imaging such as cardiac MRI or a liver biopsy. It is imperative that medical professionals are aware of the presentational overlap between acute coronary syndrome and metastatic heart disease, in order to ensure proper diagnosis and management of the latter with echocardiography, cardiac MRI, and possibly surgery.
Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) are used in patients without a reversible cause fo... more Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) are used in patients without a reversible cause for long QT syndrome (LQTS) and secondary prevention in patients with LQTS-associated sudden cardiac arrest. We present a female patient with multiple reversible factors for QT prolongation, including the use of antidepressants, antidiarrheals, antiemetics, and antihistamines; chronic malabsorption from bariatric surgery; probable Gitelman syndrome and urinary losses of electrolytes, causing QT prolongation which leads to polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and a successfully resuscitated cardiac arrest. Our patient also had history suggestive of probable congenital LQTS with multiple childhood syncopal episodes and a history of seizures in first-degree relatives, further justifying the placement of an ICD. Also, this case gives us an opportunity to delve into the risks of catastrophic QT prolongation in the morbidly obese population undergoing bariatric surgery.
Manganese accumulation in the central nervous system creates clinical symptoms of cognitive dysfu... more Manganese accumulation in the central nervous system creates clinical symptoms of cognitive dysfunction, behavioral changes, and movement disorders resembling Parkinson’s disease. Radiographic features of this rare clinical entity include symmetric T1 hyperintensities in the bilateral globus pallidi, with corresponding hypointensities on T2-weighted images. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is an increasingly used potentially lifesaving therapy for patients who cannot tolerate enteral nutrition. However, when used over a period of several weeks to months, its associated risks and complications carry significant morbidity and mortality. One of the more rare complications of TPN use is manganese toxicity. We provided care for a 38-year-old female on chronic TPN who presented to the hospital with Parkinsonian features, confusion, falls, and lethargy. MRI brain showed T1 hyperintensities in the bilateral globus pallidi, which were attributed to manganese toxicity from chronic TPN use. Su...
Strongyloidiasis is an intestinal infection caused by the parasitic nematodes of the Strongyloide... more Strongyloidiasis is an intestinal infection caused by the parasitic nematodes of the Strongyloides species, most commonly Strongyloides stercoralis. We report a case of a 66-year-old immigrant male from Haiti who presented with complaints of diarrhea and an unintentional 80-lb weight loss over the past 5 years. Stool examination was positive for strongyloidiasis. Following albendazole therapy, esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) showed a unique ampullary lesion. Histopathology of the ampullary lesion showed reactive epithelium with Strongyloides larva. In addition, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) detected a large pancreatic cyst. Both these findings were absent on EGD 5 years previously, prior to the onset of his symptoms. This paper documents a rare case of an ampullary lesion and pancreatic cyst secondary to hepatobiliary strongyloidiasis in a non-Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) patient. We review the epidemiology, life cycle, clinical presentation and treatment of strongyloidiasis.
International Journal in Foundations of Computer Science & Technology, 2016
Regression testing makes sure that upgradation of software in terms of adding new features or for... more Regression testing makes sure that upgradation of software in terms of adding new features or for bug fixing purposes should not hamper previously working functionalities. Whenever a software is upgraded or modified, a set of test cases are run on each of its functions to assure that the change to that function is not affecting other parts of the software that were previously running flawlessly. For achieving this, all existing test cases need to run as well as new test cases might be required to be created. It is not feasible to reexecute every test case for all the functions of a given software, because if there is a large number of test cases to be run, then a lot of time and effort would be required. This problem can be addressed by prioritizing test cases. Test case prioritization technique reorders the priority in which test cases are implemented, in an attempt to ensure that maximum faults are uncovered early on by the high priority test cases implemented first. In this paper we propose an optimized test case prioritization technique using Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) to reduce the cost, effort and time taken to perform regression testing and also uncover maximum faults. Comparison of different techniques such as Retest All, Test Case Minimization, Test Case Prioritization, Random Test Case Selection and Test Case Prioritization using ACO is also depicted.
Regression testing ensures that changes made in the fixes or any enhancement changes do not impac... more Regression testing ensures that changes made in the fixes or any enhancement changes do not impact the previously working functionality. Whenever software is modified, a set of test cases are run to assure that changes don't affect the other parts of the software. Hence all existing test cases need to be tested as well as new test cases need to be created. It is nonviable to re-execute every test case for a given software, because if there are more number of test cases to be tested, the more effort and time is required. This problem can be solved by prioritizing test cases. Test case prioritization techniques reorder the priority of a test case in an attempt to ensure that maximum faults are uncovered by the high prioritized test cases. In this paper we propose an optimized test case prioritization technique using Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) to reduce the cost, effort and time taken to perform regression testing and also uncover maximum faults.
Hemp fibers and plastics as a sustainable alternative to synthetic fibers and plastics The curren... more Hemp fibers and plastics as a sustainable alternative to synthetic fibers and plastics The current production cost of Hemp-based bioplastics surpasses that of traditional plastics, primarily attributed to the restricted availability of hemp as a raw material and its relatively high processing expenses.
This paper discusses the OFDM in wireless communication. It includes Bit Error Rate and Symbol Er... more This paper discusses the OFDM in wireless communication. It includes Bit Error Rate and Symbol Error Rate verses ratio of bit energy to noise power spectral density (E b /N o ) for diff erent communication channels like AWGN channel, Rayleigh multipath Channel, combined Rayleigh multipath with AWGN channel and Rician Channel. The BER is 10 - 5 , 10 - 4.5 , 10 - 4 and 10 - 3 respectively for above communication channels at 30dB of SNR. This simulati on is designed on MATLAB 9 version with 64 - point FFT. The coding which is done in this paper is STTC for MIMO. It can be used for OFDM Bluetooth 802.16 - 2004 and mobile WIMAX 802.16e - 2005.
Graft spasm is a rare but well-recognized complication of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).... more Graft spasm is a rare but well-recognized complication of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The occurrence of graft spam is multifactorial and can be fatal if not diagnosed and treated promptly. There are no well-defined guidelines for the management of a severe spasm. We report the case of a 29-year-old man with left internal mammary artery (LIMA) spasm in the immediate post-operative period following CABG. The intracoronary infusion of nitroglycerin relieved the spasm temporarily, confirming the diagnosis. The patient eventually underwent redo bypass grafting.
Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant disorder that results in vas... more Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant disorder that results in vascular defects and arteriovenous malformations. We present a 25-year-old male with a past medical history of HHT who came in with chest pain and was found to have an ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and subsequently received a bare-metal stent to the mid-left anterior descending artery (LAD). Although there is a predisposition for bleeding, HHT can lead to thrombotic manifestations such as myocardial infarction (MI), as seen in our patient. Healthcare providers should be aware of this association to be able to efficiently diagnose acute coronary syndrome in HHT patients. Further studies are required to assess the efficacy of bare-metal stents in HHT patients who present with an MI.
A 47-year-old female with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder on prescription Adderall prese... more A 47-year-old female with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder on prescription Adderall presented to the hospital with worsening dyspnea for the one-month duration. She was admitted to the medical intensive care unit with respiratory failure requiring non-invasive positive pressure ventilation. Cardiac catheterization confirmed the diagnosis of non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema. With the discontinuation of Adderall, use of BiPAP, and aggressive diuresis with loop diuretics, there was evidence of symptomatic, laboratory, and radiological improvement. Her symptoms were attributed to Adderall use as a diagnosis of exclusion. To our knowledge, this paper reports the first case of Adderall-induced non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema leading to respiratory failure. Although case reports of abuse or overdose of other stimulants such as amphetamine and cocaine leading to a plethora of cardiac and pulmonary complications such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), cardiogenic pulmonary edema, and non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema exist, there are no reports that using Adderall at routine prescription doses can lead to these problems.
Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports, 2021
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is often a difficult condition to diagnose, since it occurs insidious... more Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is often a difficult condition to diagnose, since it occurs insidiously and is a diagnosis of exclusion. Patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NFT1) have been associated with severe exacerbations of PH. To our knowledge, less than 20 cases of PH in NFT1 patients have been reported. However, the severity of presenting symptoms requires physicians to be aware of this association and pursue the appropriate diagnostic workup. In our report, we present a 54-year-old NFT1 patient who presented with worsening dyspnea secondary to PH, which was being treated with trepostanil and macitetan. She required a right heart catheterization to assess her pulmonary artery pressures (which remained elevated). She was placed on tadalafil in addition to trepostanil and macitetan and noted significant resolution of her symptoms. Further studies are required to explore the association between PH and NFT1 and examine the efficacy of triple therapy with endothelin receptor anta...
Plastic pollution is one of the prime and alarming issues in developing countries that have vast ... more Plastic pollution is one of the prime and alarming issues in developing countries that have vast environmental and human health impacts which need to be addressed as a priority. Unfortunately, limited work has been done on the topic, especially on air and water pollution due to plastics in Pakistan. Informal solid waste management is being done by municipalities, which is not adequate, and the problem will increase with the upsurge in population and industrialization. There is a need to address the knowledge gap and improvements in the existing conditions to manage the issue of plastic pollution separately. In this chapter, causes; impacts of plastic pollution both on human and environmental health, plastic industries, and legislative context; and best practices to manage plastic pollution along with some important recommendations are discussed. It is expected the data presented may help the managers, environmental scientists, and policymakers to manage the problem of plastic pollut...
Austin Journal of Cancer and Clinical Research, 2021
Stem cells are undifferentiated, immature, and unspecialized cells having huge potential for diff... more Stem cells are undifferentiated, immature, and unspecialized cells having huge potential for differentiation and proliferation into the specialized functionalized cells. More recently, CSC has been described in breast cancer and brain tumors where they make up as few as 1% of the cells in a tumor. The features of cancer stem cells are just like normal stem cells but their replication rate many times faster than normal cells. Regenerative medicines are based on stem cells, are potentially useful to regenerate damaged cells, tissues, organs and replace cancer cells with normal cells. Induced pluripotent stem cells are the most important candidates for regenerative medicines, tissue engineering, cell reprogramming, and 3D printing. Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) have a tumorinitiating capacity and play crucial roles in tumor metastasis, relapse and chemo/ radioresistance. Because CSCs are resistant to chemotherapeutic drugs and cause recurrence of cancer and also have the ability to be regen...
Patients with heart metastases could present insidiously, with symptoms that mimic those of conge... more Patients with heart metastases could present insidiously, with symptoms that mimic those of congestive heart failure or acute coronary syndrome. Our patient initially presented with vague lower sternal and abdominal pain and had a past medical history of coronary artery disease. Her first two troponin levels were elevated, and her EKG was significant for ischemic changes. Echocardiography showed a large mass in the right ventricle and the presence of pericardial effusion. CT scan of the thorax, abdomen, and pelvis showed multiple pulmonary nodules as well as liver metastases. Our patient opted not to pursue further imaging such as cardiac MRI or a liver biopsy. It is imperative that medical professionals are aware of the presentational overlap between acute coronary syndrome and metastatic heart disease, in order to ensure proper diagnosis and management of the latter with echocardiography, cardiac MRI, and possibly surgery.
Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) are used in patients without a reversible cause fo... more Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) are used in patients without a reversible cause for long QT syndrome (LQTS) and secondary prevention in patients with LQTS-associated sudden cardiac arrest. We present a female patient with multiple reversible factors for QT prolongation, including the use of antidepressants, antidiarrheals, antiemetics, and antihistamines; chronic malabsorption from bariatric surgery; probable Gitelman syndrome and urinary losses of electrolytes, causing QT prolongation which leads to polymorphic ventricular tachycardia and a successfully resuscitated cardiac arrest. Our patient also had history suggestive of probable congenital LQTS with multiple childhood syncopal episodes and a history of seizures in first-degree relatives, further justifying the placement of an ICD. Also, this case gives us an opportunity to delve into the risks of catastrophic QT prolongation in the morbidly obese population undergoing bariatric surgery.
Manganese accumulation in the central nervous system creates clinical symptoms of cognitive dysfu... more Manganese accumulation in the central nervous system creates clinical symptoms of cognitive dysfunction, behavioral changes, and movement disorders resembling Parkinson’s disease. Radiographic features of this rare clinical entity include symmetric T1 hyperintensities in the bilateral globus pallidi, with corresponding hypointensities on T2-weighted images. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is an increasingly used potentially lifesaving therapy for patients who cannot tolerate enteral nutrition. However, when used over a period of several weeks to months, its associated risks and complications carry significant morbidity and mortality. One of the more rare complications of TPN use is manganese toxicity. We provided care for a 38-year-old female on chronic TPN who presented to the hospital with Parkinsonian features, confusion, falls, and lethargy. MRI brain showed T1 hyperintensities in the bilateral globus pallidi, which were attributed to manganese toxicity from chronic TPN use. Su...
Strongyloidiasis is an intestinal infection caused by the parasitic nematodes of the Strongyloide... more Strongyloidiasis is an intestinal infection caused by the parasitic nematodes of the Strongyloides species, most commonly Strongyloides stercoralis. We report a case of a 66-year-old immigrant male from Haiti who presented with complaints of diarrhea and an unintentional 80-lb weight loss over the past 5 years. Stool examination was positive for strongyloidiasis. Following albendazole therapy, esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) showed a unique ampullary lesion. Histopathology of the ampullary lesion showed reactive epithelium with Strongyloides larva. In addition, endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) detected a large pancreatic cyst. Both these findings were absent on EGD 5 years previously, prior to the onset of his symptoms. This paper documents a rare case of an ampullary lesion and pancreatic cyst secondary to hepatobiliary strongyloidiasis in a non-Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) patient. We review the epidemiology, life cycle, clinical presentation and treatment of strongyloidiasis.
International Journal in Foundations of Computer Science & Technology, 2016
Regression testing makes sure that upgradation of software in terms of adding new features or for... more Regression testing makes sure that upgradation of software in terms of adding new features or for bug fixing purposes should not hamper previously working functionalities. Whenever a software is upgraded or modified, a set of test cases are run on each of its functions to assure that the change to that function is not affecting other parts of the software that were previously running flawlessly. For achieving this, all existing test cases need to run as well as new test cases might be required to be created. It is not feasible to reexecute every test case for all the functions of a given software, because if there is a large number of test cases to be run, then a lot of time and effort would be required. This problem can be addressed by prioritizing test cases. Test case prioritization technique reorders the priority in which test cases are implemented, in an attempt to ensure that maximum faults are uncovered early on by the high priority test cases implemented first. In this paper we propose an optimized test case prioritization technique using Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) to reduce the cost, effort and time taken to perform regression testing and also uncover maximum faults. Comparison of different techniques such as Retest All, Test Case Minimization, Test Case Prioritization, Random Test Case Selection and Test Case Prioritization using ACO is also depicted.
Regression testing ensures that changes made in the fixes or any enhancement changes do not impac... more Regression testing ensures that changes made in the fixes or any enhancement changes do not impact the previously working functionality. Whenever software is modified, a set of test cases are run to assure that changes don't affect the other parts of the software. Hence all existing test cases need to be tested as well as new test cases need to be created. It is nonviable to re-execute every test case for a given software, because if there are more number of test cases to be tested, the more effort and time is required. This problem can be solved by prioritizing test cases. Test case prioritization techniques reorder the priority of a test case in an attempt to ensure that maximum faults are uncovered by the high prioritized test cases. In this paper we propose an optimized test case prioritization technique using Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) to reduce the cost, effort and time taken to perform regression testing and also uncover maximum faults.
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Papers by Alisha Khan