The results of the study showed that there is an effect of climatic elements on the study area, a... more The results of the study showed that there is an effect of climatic elements on the study area, as this affected the ecosystem through the variation in the area of water cover, vegetation and land, and through the use of the water cover index (NDWI) and based on the satellite visualization (Landsat8) that the area of water cover reached its maximum area During the study period in the year 2022, it was recorded as a maximum of (158.41) square kilometers, with a percentage of (92.93%) during the spring semester on 04/22/2022, while its lowest area was recorded in the summer on 7/11/2022, as it decreased by about (125.85) km 2 at a rate of (73.83%), while the maximum area in which there is no water cover was about (44.61) km 2 at a rate of (26.17 %) during the summer season on 11/7/2022, while the lowest area was recorded at (12.05) km 2 at a rate of (7.07%) during the spring season on 22/04/2022, while it is clear through the use of the vegetation cover index (NDVI) that the vegetation cover area during the year 2022 recorded a maximum area of about (44.3) km 2 at a rate of (25.99%) during the summer On 7/11/2022, while the area decreased to its lowest value during the spring season on 04/22/2022, when it reached (12.8) km 2 with a rate of (7.51%). An area in the spring on 04/22/2022, when it reached (157.66) km2, with a rate of (92.49%), while it decreased to its lowest area during the summer on 7/11/2022, reaching (126.16) km2, with a rate of (74.01%).). The reason for this discrepancy is due to the influence of the climatic elements of the study area on the water surface of the Sea of Najaf, as with the decrease in the angle of incidence of solar radiation and the decrease in the number of hours of theoretical and actual solar brightness, the decrease in the amount of solar radiation, the decrease in wind speed, the increase in relative humidity, the increase in the amount of precipitation, and the decrease in evaporation / transpiration increases. The area of the water body to submerge the surrounding coastal lands in the Najaf Sea, as well as some island areas located within the Najaf Sea depression, which leads to a decrease in the area of lands with dense vegetation, especially during the month of March, while the area of vegetation increases with the receding of water from these lands, especially during The month of June is due to the increase in the angle of incidence of solar radiation, the number of hours of actual and theoretical solar brightness, the increase in wind speed, the decrease in relative humidity, the increase in the amount of evaporation / transpiration, and the absence of rain.
Since the United Nations General Assembly passed two resolutions in December 1974, the term "dese... more Since the United Nations General Assembly passed two resolutions in December 1974, the term "desertification" has become a part of international development discourse: The first is a call to all countries to pay attention to desertification research and work together to explore its causes and find strategies to prevent it. The decision to organize an international conference on desertification in 1977 was the second. From August 29 to September 9, 1977, the conference was held in Nairobi, Kenya. The term "desertification" seems to have taken the place of prior words like "desert encroachment." Perhaps what we witness when desert sand dunes creep over oasis communities and farms and fill them, as well as when sand dunes crawl over paved highways and trains, contributes to this picture. This is a genuine depiction, however it only depicts a small portion of the problem (less than 10%). The word "desertification" refers to the process by which productive land outside of the desert's natural limits deteriorates and loses its capacity to produce (agricultural crops, pastures, timber and fuelwood) and transforms into a desert that resembles a limited resource. Desertification, in other words, impacts productive lands in dry and semi-arid locations, agricultural fields (rain-fed or irrigated), and grazing lands. The degradation begins as little patches that get larger and more like expanding patches until they converge and combine, becoming an arid band that joins the deserts of the surrounding places as it becomes more like them.
Turkish Journal of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, 2022
The soil in the study area differs in its physical and chemical properties depending on the varia... more The soil in the study area differs in its physical and chemical properties depending on the variation of its general characteristics and affecting its composition, and since there are five main factors that affect the formation of soil: climate, parent material, time, living organisms and topography, so the climate factor is one of the important factors in the variation and formation of soil properties as a result of the prevalence of dry climate , as it is located within its rainy composition (96) mm, and the vegetation cover decreased and the activity of various desert erosion factors was a consequence of the climatic conditions and the accompanying high temperatures and intense evaporation, in addition to the hydrology of the study area, which is represented in the high groundwater and the decrease in water discharge, which had a significant impact on the spread of The salinity of the soil, the soil became loose, as the soil textures of the shoulders of the Razaza Lake depression ranged during the summer season between silt sandy texture in sample (1), where the percentage of sand particles reached (89%), clay (4%) and silt (7%), while it was Soil texture during the summer, and there was a slight change in the percentage of soil particles in sample (12), which was about 19.2% sand, 58.8% clay, and 22% green. As for the real density of the soil in the study area, it ranged between (2.61) g/cm3 in sample (1) as a minimum during the winter season, and up to (2.678) g/cm3 as a maximum in sample (12) during the summer, and the porosity of the soil of the shoulders of the Razaza Lake ranged between its lowest during the summer season. In winter, its values reached (39.464%) as a minimum in sample (1), while during the summer the porosity values increase to reach (50.299%) as a maximum (12), while the results of measuring the temperature of the shoulders of the soil of the lowlands of Al-Razzaza Lake at a depth of (30) showed) cm The seasonal rates for it ranged between (11.1) m as a minimum during the winter season in sample (1) and up to (32.07) m as a maximum in a sample (12) during the summer, as these values increase in the northern and northwestern parts West and southwest in Lake Razzaza.
Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education , 2022
Climate is one of the variables that influence human health and comfort, and studies show that re... more Climate is one of the variables that influence human health and comfort, and studies show that regions with slight temperature difference encourage people to overcome their laziness and lethargy and engage in inactive behaviour. Moreover, the changing climate requires joint physical and mental activity.
Some studies indicate a relationship between efficiency in completing employment or engaging in tourism activities and temperature. Efficiency decreases by 57 percent as the temperature drops below zero, and efficiency approaches 25 percent as the temperature drops below zero (from 10 to 10 degrees). When it comes to work or activity, when the level of work or activity falls to zero percent, the level of work or activity drops to zero percent and when the temperature is 40°C and above 30°C, human efficiency is 75 percent, but when the temperature is 20°C, the human efficiency is 100 percent.
As a result, the temperature has an effect, since a temperature rise from 10 ° C to 20 ° C does not have any effect on a person's mood, but a one degree rise in temperature above 40 ° C causes it to rise in summer. In the light of the foregoing, what is the effect of climate on the efficiency and activities of tourists, including tourism activity, with rising temperatures?
Human health and comfort are affected by many climatic conditions which have a direct impact on h... more Human health and comfort are affected by many climatic conditions which have a direct impact on his feeling of comfort or distress, and despite the many studies that tried to find solutions to this problem, they still represent the biggest challenges that human beings face because of the great contrast between these elements from one region to another and the difference in the feeling of comfort and distress between one person and another from one region to another, Temperature, humidity and wind speed are among the most important climatic elements affecting the health and comfort of humans. The study of this research was to show the relationship between heat, humidity and wind speed through the use of the guide ways, basel and the village of Thom and its impact on human health and comfort to the city of Najaf and ways to address this problem. The third research includes the effects of high temperatures as well as the use of the wind cooling manual and the Thom presumption to measure the appropriate comfort of humans, in addition to conclusions, recommendations and a list of sources.
The results of the study showed that there is an effect of climatic elements on the study area, a... more The results of the study showed that there is an effect of climatic elements on the study area, as this affected the ecosystem through the variation in the area of water cover, vegetation and land, and through the use of the water cover index (NDWI) and based on the satellite visualization (Landsat8) that the area of water cover reached its maximum area During the study period in the year 2022, it was recorded as a maximum of (158.41) square kilometers, with a percentage of (92.93%) during the spring semester on 04/22/2022, while its lowest area was recorded in the summer on 7/11/2022, as it decreased by about (125.85) km 2 at a rate of (73.83%), while the maximum area in which there is no water cover was about (44.61) km 2 at a rate of (26.17 %) during the summer season on 11/7/2022, while the lowest area was recorded at (12.05) km 2 at a rate of (7.07%) during the spring season on 22/04/2022, while it is clear through the use of the vegetation cover index (NDVI) that the vegetation cover area during the year 2022 recorded a maximum area of about (44.3) km 2 at a rate of (25.99%) during the summer On 7/11/2022, while the area decreased to its lowest value during the spring season on 04/22/2022, when it reached (12.8) km 2 with a rate of (7.51%). An area in the spring on 04/22/2022, when it reached (157.66) km2, with a rate of (92.49%), while it decreased to its lowest area during the summer on 7/11/2022, reaching (126.16) km2, with a rate of (74.01%).). The reason for this discrepancy is due to the influence of the climatic elements of the study area on the water surface of the Sea of Najaf, as with the decrease in the angle of incidence of solar radiation and the decrease in the number of hours of theoretical and actual solar brightness, the decrease in the amount of solar radiation, the decrease in wind speed, the increase in relative humidity, the increase in the amount of precipitation, and the decrease in evaporation / transpiration increases. The area of the water body to submerge the surrounding coastal lands in the Najaf Sea, as well as some island areas located within the Najaf Sea depression, which leads to a decrease in the area of lands with dense vegetation, especially during the month of March, while the area of vegetation increases with the receding of water from these lands, especially during The month of June is due to the increase in the angle of incidence of solar radiation, the number of hours of actual and theoretical solar brightness, the increase in wind speed, the decrease in relative humidity, the increase in the amount of evaporation / transpiration, and the absence of rain.
Since the United Nations General Assembly passed two resolutions in December 1974, the term "dese... more Since the United Nations General Assembly passed two resolutions in December 1974, the term "desertification" has become a part of international development discourse: The first is a call to all countries to pay attention to desertification research and work together to explore its causes and find strategies to prevent it. The decision to organize an international conference on desertification in 1977 was the second. From August 29 to September 9, 1977, the conference was held in Nairobi, Kenya. The term "desertification" seems to have taken the place of prior words like "desert encroachment." Perhaps what we witness when desert sand dunes creep over oasis communities and farms and fill them, as well as when sand dunes crawl over paved highways and trains, contributes to this picture. This is a genuine depiction, however it only depicts a small portion of the problem (less than 10%). The word "desertification" refers to the process by which productive land outside of the desert's natural limits deteriorates and loses its capacity to produce (agricultural crops, pastures, timber and fuelwood) and transforms into a desert that resembles a limited resource. Desertification, in other words, impacts productive lands in dry and semi-arid locations, agricultural fields (rain-fed or irrigated), and grazing lands. The degradation begins as little patches that get larger and more like expanding patches until they converge and combine, becoming an arid band that joins the deserts of the surrounding places as it becomes more like them.
Turkish Journal of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, 2022
The soil in the study area differs in its physical and chemical properties depending on the varia... more The soil in the study area differs in its physical and chemical properties depending on the variation of its general characteristics and affecting its composition, and since there are five main factors that affect the formation of soil: climate, parent material, time, living organisms and topography, so the climate factor is one of the important factors in the variation and formation of soil properties as a result of the prevalence of dry climate , as it is located within its rainy composition (96) mm, and the vegetation cover decreased and the activity of various desert erosion factors was a consequence of the climatic conditions and the accompanying high temperatures and intense evaporation, in addition to the hydrology of the study area, which is represented in the high groundwater and the decrease in water discharge, which had a significant impact on the spread of The salinity of the soil, the soil became loose, as the soil textures of the shoulders of the Razaza Lake depression ranged during the summer season between silt sandy texture in sample (1), where the percentage of sand particles reached (89%), clay (4%) and silt (7%), while it was Soil texture during the summer, and there was a slight change in the percentage of soil particles in sample (12), which was about 19.2% sand, 58.8% clay, and 22% green. As for the real density of the soil in the study area, it ranged between (2.61) g/cm3 in sample (1) as a minimum during the winter season, and up to (2.678) g/cm3 as a maximum in sample (12) during the summer, and the porosity of the soil of the shoulders of the Razaza Lake ranged between its lowest during the summer season. In winter, its values reached (39.464%) as a minimum in sample (1), while during the summer the porosity values increase to reach (50.299%) as a maximum (12), while the results of measuring the temperature of the shoulders of the soil of the lowlands of Al-Razzaza Lake at a depth of (30) showed) cm The seasonal rates for it ranged between (11.1) m as a minimum during the winter season in sample (1) and up to (32.07) m as a maximum in a sample (12) during the summer, as these values increase in the northern and northwestern parts West and southwest in Lake Razzaza.
Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education , 2022
Climate is one of the variables that influence human health and comfort, and studies show that re... more Climate is one of the variables that influence human health and comfort, and studies show that regions with slight temperature difference encourage people to overcome their laziness and lethargy and engage in inactive behaviour. Moreover, the changing climate requires joint physical and mental activity.
Some studies indicate a relationship between efficiency in completing employment or engaging in tourism activities and temperature. Efficiency decreases by 57 percent as the temperature drops below zero, and efficiency approaches 25 percent as the temperature drops below zero (from 10 to 10 degrees). When it comes to work or activity, when the level of work or activity falls to zero percent, the level of work or activity drops to zero percent and when the temperature is 40°C and above 30°C, human efficiency is 75 percent, but when the temperature is 20°C, the human efficiency is 100 percent.
As a result, the temperature has an effect, since a temperature rise from 10 ° C to 20 ° C does not have any effect on a person's mood, but a one degree rise in temperature above 40 ° C causes it to rise in summer. In the light of the foregoing, what is the effect of climate on the efficiency and activities of tourists, including tourism activity, with rising temperatures?
Human health and comfort are affected by many climatic conditions which have a direct impact on h... more Human health and comfort are affected by many climatic conditions which have a direct impact on his feeling of comfort or distress, and despite the many studies that tried to find solutions to this problem, they still represent the biggest challenges that human beings face because of the great contrast between these elements from one region to another and the difference in the feeling of comfort and distress between one person and another from one region to another, Temperature, humidity and wind speed are among the most important climatic elements affecting the health and comfort of humans. The study of this research was to show the relationship between heat, humidity and wind speed through the use of the guide ways, basel and the village of Thom and its impact on human health and comfort to the city of Najaf and ways to address this problem. The third research includes the effects of high temperatures as well as the use of the wind cooling manual and the Thom presumption to measure the appropriate comfort of humans, in addition to conclusions, recommendations and a list of sources.
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Some studies indicate a relationship between efficiency in completing employment or engaging in tourism activities and temperature. Efficiency decreases by 57 percent as the temperature drops below zero, and efficiency approaches 25 percent as the temperature drops below zero (from 10 to 10 degrees). When it comes to work or activity, when the level of work or activity falls to zero percent, the level of work or activity drops to zero percent and when the temperature is 40°C and above 30°C, human efficiency is 75 percent, but when the temperature is 20°C, the human efficiency is 100 percent.
As a result, the temperature has an effect, since a temperature rise from 10 ° C to 20 ° C does not have any effect on a person's mood, but a one degree rise in temperature above 40 ° C causes it to rise in summer. In the light of the foregoing, what is the effect of climate on the efficiency and activities of tourists, including tourism activity, with rising temperatures?
Some studies indicate a relationship between efficiency in completing employment or engaging in tourism activities and temperature. Efficiency decreases by 57 percent as the temperature drops below zero, and efficiency approaches 25 percent as the temperature drops below zero (from 10 to 10 degrees). When it comes to work or activity, when the level of work or activity falls to zero percent, the level of work or activity drops to zero percent and when the temperature is 40°C and above 30°C, human efficiency is 75 percent, but when the temperature is 20°C, the human efficiency is 100 percent.
As a result, the temperature has an effect, since a temperature rise from 10 ° C to 20 ° C does not have any effect on a person's mood, but a one degree rise in temperature above 40 ° C causes it to rise in summer. In the light of the foregoing, what is the effect of climate on the efficiency and activities of tourists, including tourism activity, with rising temperatures?