African Journal of Business Management, Sep 30, 2010
Cellular industry of Pakistan has grown many folds in recent years. Many new entrants have also j... more Cellular industry of Pakistan has grown many folds in recent years. Many new entrants have also joined the market to reap the potentials of this growing industry. This situation has originated a hyper competition among major cellular service providers in Pakistan. Companies are working hard to introduce more innovative and eye-catching products to attract customers. The companies with large consumer base are striving to reduce their switching costs. However the main concerns of the cellular service providers is to retain the existing customers. This research is designed to find out the determinants of consumer retention in cellular industry of Pakistan. This is an exploratory study based on primary data which was collected from University students of Pakistan. The study found user friendliness, price reasonability and call clarity as strongest determinants of consumer retention in cellular industry of Pakistan. Although the findings of this study are specific to cellular industry in Pakistan, these may be generalized to any other market passing through transitional phase of rapid growth and characterized by low paying capacity of customers.
BackgroundNusinersen has been used to treat spinal muscular atrophy type 1 (SMA1) in the UK since... more BackgroundNusinersen has been used to treat spinal muscular atrophy type 1 (SMA1) in the UK since 2017. While initial trials showed neuromuscular benefit from treating SMA1, there is little information on the respiratory effects of nusinersen. We aimed to look at the respiratory care, hospital utilisation and associated costs in newly treated SMA1.MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of all children within the West Midlands with SMA1 treated with nusinersen at Royal Stoke University Hospital. Baseline demographics and hospital admission data were collected including: the reason for admission, total hospital days, days of critical care, days intubated, discharge diagnosis, doses of nusinersen and treatment complications.Results11 children (six girls) received nusinersen between May 2017 and April 2019. Their median (range) age was 29 (7–97) months. The median (range) number of nusinersen doses per child was 6 (4–8). All children were receiving long-term ventilatory support; this wa...
Pesticides are notorious contaminants due to their toxic and carcinogenic nature and, unfortunate... more Pesticides are notorious contaminants due to their toxic and carcinogenic nature and, unfortunately, are distributed globally in air, water, sediment, soil and foods even to the places where they have not been used before. SPE and GC methods were developed to analyze organochlorine pesticides. The optimization was achieved by varying SPE conditions such as different pH of wastewater, flow rates of waste water, flow rates of solvents and different eluting solvents. Also optimization of GC conditions was obtained by using different columns, gases with various flow rates and temperatures. The optimized method was applied to analyze organochlorine pesticides in the Hindon river, India. The observed pesticides were α-BHC, β-BHC, γ-BHC, aldrin, endosulfan, DDE, DDD and methoxychlor of the concentration ranges from 8.1 to 26.8 µg/L. Extraction recoveries were 89.5, 90.0, 90.0, 92.3, 97.0, 97.9, 97.0 and 98.1 percentages for α-BHC, β-BHC, γ-BHC, aldrin, endosulfan, DDE, DDD and methoxychlor, respectively. It has been observed that the concentrations of pesticides increased from Behreki to Mohan Nagar sampling points, which may be due to the increase of pesticide pollution from agriculture, domestic and industrial activities. The concentration of α-BHC was found to be highest 26.8 µg/L. Validation of the developed methodology was carried out by using Microsoft Excel program.
The text document classification employs either text based approach or semantic based approach to... more The text document classification employs either text based approach or semantic based approach to index and retrieve text documents. The former uses keywords and therefore provides limited capabilities to capture and exploit the conceptualization involved in user information needs and content meanings. The latter aims to solve these limitations using content meanings, rather than keywords. More formally, the semantic based approach uses the domain ontology to exploit the content meanings of a particular domain. This approach however has some drawbacks. It lacks enrichment of ontology concepts with new lexical resources and evaluation of the importance indicated by weights of those concepts. Therefore to address these issues, this paper proposes a new ontology based text document classification framework. The proposed framework incorporates a newly developed objective metric called SEMCON to enrich the domain ontology with new concepts by combining contextual as well as semantic information of a term within a text document. The framework also introduces a new approach to automatically estimate the importance of ontology concepts which is indicated by the weights of these concepts, and to enhance the concept vector space model using automatically estimated weights.
(DASAR BIDANG KEAHLIAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN KOMUNIKASI) Satuan Pendidikan : SMK/MAK Kelas : X ... more (DASAR BIDANG KEAHLIAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN KOMUNIKASI) Satuan Pendidikan : SMK/MAK Kelas : X Kompetensi Inti* : 1. Menghayati dan mengamalkan ajaran agama yang dianutnya. 2. Menghayati dan Mengamalkan perilaku jujur, disiplin,tanggungjawab, peduli (gotong royong, kerjasama, toleran, damai), santun, responsif dan proaktif dan menunjukan sikap sebagai bagian dari solusi atas pelbagai permasalahan dalam berinteraksi secara efektif dengan lingkungan sosial dan alam serta dalam menempatkan diri sebagai cerminan bangsa dalam pergaulan dunia. 3. Memahami, menerapkan dan menganalisis pengetahuan faktual, konseptual, dan procedural berdasarkan rasa ingin tahunya tentang ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi, seni, budaya, dan humaniora dalam wawasan kemanusiaan, kebangsaan, kenegaraan, dan peradaban terkait penyebab fenomena dan kejadian dalam bidang kerja yang spesifik untuk memecahkan masalah. 4. Mengolah, menalar, dan menyaji dalam ranah konkret dan ranah abstrak terkait dengan pengembangan dari yang dipelajarinya di sekolah secara mandiri, dan mampu melaksanakan tugas spesifik di bawah pengawasan langsung.
African Journal of Business Management, Sep 30, 2010
Cellular industry of Pakistan has grown many folds in recent years. Many new entrants have also j... more Cellular industry of Pakistan has grown many folds in recent years. Many new entrants have also joined the market to reap the potentials of this growing industry. This situation has originated a hyper competition among major cellular service providers in Pakistan. Companies are working hard to introduce more innovative and eye-catching products to attract customers. The companies with large consumer base are striving to reduce their switching costs. However the main concerns of the cellular service providers is to retain the existing customers. This research is designed to find out the determinants of consumer retention in cellular industry of Pakistan. This is an exploratory study based on primary data which was collected from University students of Pakistan. The study found user friendliness, price reasonability and call clarity as strongest determinants of consumer retention in cellular industry of Pakistan. Although the findings of this study are specific to cellular industry in Pakistan, these may be generalized to any other market passing through transitional phase of rapid growth and characterized by low paying capacity of customers.
BackgroundNusinersen has been used to treat spinal muscular atrophy type 1 (SMA1) in the UK since... more BackgroundNusinersen has been used to treat spinal muscular atrophy type 1 (SMA1) in the UK since 2017. While initial trials showed neuromuscular benefit from treating SMA1, there is little information on the respiratory effects of nusinersen. We aimed to look at the respiratory care, hospital utilisation and associated costs in newly treated SMA1.MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of all children within the West Midlands with SMA1 treated with nusinersen at Royal Stoke University Hospital. Baseline demographics and hospital admission data were collected including: the reason for admission, total hospital days, days of critical care, days intubated, discharge diagnosis, doses of nusinersen and treatment complications.Results11 children (six girls) received nusinersen between May 2017 and April 2019. Their median (range) age was 29 (7–97) months. The median (range) number of nusinersen doses per child was 6 (4–8). All children were receiving long-term ventilatory support; this wa...
Pesticides are notorious contaminants due to their toxic and carcinogenic nature and, unfortunate... more Pesticides are notorious contaminants due to their toxic and carcinogenic nature and, unfortunately, are distributed globally in air, water, sediment, soil and foods even to the places where they have not been used before. SPE and GC methods were developed to analyze organochlorine pesticides. The optimization was achieved by varying SPE conditions such as different pH of wastewater, flow rates of waste water, flow rates of solvents and different eluting solvents. Also optimization of GC conditions was obtained by using different columns, gases with various flow rates and temperatures. The optimized method was applied to analyze organochlorine pesticides in the Hindon river, India. The observed pesticides were α-BHC, β-BHC, γ-BHC, aldrin, endosulfan, DDE, DDD and methoxychlor of the concentration ranges from 8.1 to 26.8 µg/L. Extraction recoveries were 89.5, 90.0, 90.0, 92.3, 97.0, 97.9, 97.0 and 98.1 percentages for α-BHC, β-BHC, γ-BHC, aldrin, endosulfan, DDE, DDD and methoxychlor, respectively. It has been observed that the concentrations of pesticides increased from Behreki to Mohan Nagar sampling points, which may be due to the increase of pesticide pollution from agriculture, domestic and industrial activities. The concentration of α-BHC was found to be highest 26.8 µg/L. Validation of the developed methodology was carried out by using Microsoft Excel program.
The text document classification employs either text based approach or semantic based approach to... more The text document classification employs either text based approach or semantic based approach to index and retrieve text documents. The former uses keywords and therefore provides limited capabilities to capture and exploit the conceptualization involved in user information needs and content meanings. The latter aims to solve these limitations using content meanings, rather than keywords. More formally, the semantic based approach uses the domain ontology to exploit the content meanings of a particular domain. This approach however has some drawbacks. It lacks enrichment of ontology concepts with new lexical resources and evaluation of the importance indicated by weights of those concepts. Therefore to address these issues, this paper proposes a new ontology based text document classification framework. The proposed framework incorporates a newly developed objective metric called SEMCON to enrich the domain ontology with new concepts by combining contextual as well as semantic information of a term within a text document. The framework also introduces a new approach to automatically estimate the importance of ontology concepts which is indicated by the weights of these concepts, and to enhance the concept vector space model using automatically estimated weights.
(DASAR BIDANG KEAHLIAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN KOMUNIKASI) Satuan Pendidikan : SMK/MAK Kelas : X ... more (DASAR BIDANG KEAHLIAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN KOMUNIKASI) Satuan Pendidikan : SMK/MAK Kelas : X Kompetensi Inti* : 1. Menghayati dan mengamalkan ajaran agama yang dianutnya. 2. Menghayati dan Mengamalkan perilaku jujur, disiplin,tanggungjawab, peduli (gotong royong, kerjasama, toleran, damai), santun, responsif dan proaktif dan menunjukan sikap sebagai bagian dari solusi atas pelbagai permasalahan dalam berinteraksi secara efektif dengan lingkungan sosial dan alam serta dalam menempatkan diri sebagai cerminan bangsa dalam pergaulan dunia. 3. Memahami, menerapkan dan menganalisis pengetahuan faktual, konseptual, dan procedural berdasarkan rasa ingin tahunya tentang ilmu pengetahuan, teknologi, seni, budaya, dan humaniora dalam wawasan kemanusiaan, kebangsaan, kenegaraan, dan peradaban terkait penyebab fenomena dan kejadian dalam bidang kerja yang spesifik untuk memecahkan masalah. 4. Mengolah, menalar, dan menyaji dalam ranah konkret dan ranah abstrak terkait dengan pengembangan dari yang dipelajarinya di sekolah secara mandiri, dan mampu melaksanakan tugas spesifik di bawah pengawasan langsung.
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