We give a new separability criterion, a necessary condition for separability of N-partite quantum... more We give a new separability criterion, a necessary condition for separability of N-partite quantum states. The criterion is based on the Bloch representation of a N-partite quantum state and makes use of multilinear algebra, in particular, the matrization of tensors. Our criterion applies to arbitrary N-partite quantum states in $\mathcal{H}=\mathcal{H}^{d_1}\otimes \mathcal{H}^{d_2} \otimes \cdots \otimes \mathcal{H}^{d_N}.$ The criterion can test whether a N-partite state is entangled and can be applied to different partitions of the $N$-partite system. We provide examples that show the ability of this criterion to detect entanglement. We show that this criterion can detect bound entangled states. We prove a sufficiency condition for separability of a 3-partite state, straightforwardly generalizable to the case N > 3, under certain condition. We also give a necessary and sufficient condition for separability of a class of N-qubit states which includes N-qubit PPT states.
Tropospheric aerosols (total suspended particulate, TSP) were sampled at four sampling sites of v... more Tropospheric aerosols (total suspended particulate, TSP) were sampled at four sampling sites of various anthropogenic impact (industrial, commercial, heavy trafficked, and mixed urban influence), located in Dar es Salaam, the commercial capital of Tanzania. Air concentrations of minor and trace elements (Al, As
This study aimed to investigate the effect of Shogaol on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)- induced ul... more This study aimed to investigate the effect of Shogaol on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)- induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice compared to an immune-suppressant chemotherapeutic medicine, known as 6-thioguanine (6-TG). Thirty-six adult BALB/c mice were divided into six groups: group 1 (positive control): no DSS exposure and no treatment; group 2 (negative control): DSS exposure without treatment; group 3 (vehicle control): DSS exposure and olive oil treatment; group 4: DSS exposure and 0.3 mg/kg 6-TG treatment; group 5: DSS exposure and 20 mg/kg Shogaol treatment; and group 6: DSS exposure and 40 mg/kg Shogaol treatment. At day 16, the mice were euthanized and UC was evaluated according to colon length, histologically index score and expression scores of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The disease activity index (DAI) and histological index scores of mice treated with 40 mg/kg body weight (BW) Shogaol were approximately lower than the corresponding scores of mice treate...
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic, progressive inflammatory rheumatic disease that leads t... more Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic, progressive inflammatory rheumatic disease that leads to structural damage, functional impairment, and decrease in the quality of life. Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a part of the complete blood count (CBC) and estimates erythrocyte variability. To analyse RDW in patients with AS and to evaluate the relationships with acute phase reactants (APRs) and disease activity index. A total of 100 patients with AS (78 males and 22 females) were diagnosed according to the modified New York classification criteria for AS and 146 (99 males: 47 females) healthy individuals matched in age and sex as controls enrolled in the study. Demographic data, disease activity scores using Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), medical history, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocytes sedimentation rate (ESR), and complete blood count (CBC) were measured. The mean age for patients and controls was 38.0 ± 9.0 and 35.8 ± 9.0 years, respective...
Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) involves many aspects such as chewing ability, sleep... more Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) involves many aspects such as chewing ability, sleeping, social interactions, self-esteem, and satisfaction with life and oral health. The increasing research interest in OHRQoL began only after the shortcomings of previous approaches of treating symptoms only and neglecting the patient's self-perception were revealed. The current study design is a cross-sectional study of patients who attended King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia) and King Saud University Dental Hospital (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia). After obtaining their verbal consent, young adult and adult patients (mean age 25.19±7.29 years old) with anterior spacing or crowding were recruited to participate in the study. They filled the Arabic short version of the oral-health impact profile-14 questionnaire after a clinical evaluation of the severity of their spacing or crowding. Parameters of spacing/crowding severity assessment were as follows: <4, mild...
Toxicity as well as chemical instability issues of halide perovskites based on organic-inorganic ... more Toxicity as well as chemical instability issues of halide perovskites based on organic-inorganic lead-containing materials still remains the main drawbacks for perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we discuss the preparation of copper (Cu)-based hybrid materials, where we replace lead (Pb) with non-toxic Cu metal for lead free perovskite solar cells; investigate of its potential towards solar cells applications based on experimental and theoretical studies. The formation of (CH3NH3)2CuX4 [(CH3NH3)2CuCl4, (CH3NH3)2CuCl2I2, and (CH3NH3)2CuCl2Br2] were discussed in details. Furthermore, founding chlorine (Cl-) in the structure is critical for the stabilization of the formed compounds. Cu-based perovskite-like materials illustrated attractive absorbance features extended to the near-infrared, with appropriate band gaps. Green photoluminescence of these materials obtained due to Cu+ ions. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) measured experimentally and estimated theoretically for diffe...
MgO nanoparticles have been recently discovered as an antibacterial, however, they limited by pro... more MgO nanoparticles have been recently discovered as an antibacterial, however, they limited by property degradation due to agglomeration. The addition of a coating agent, such as a zein polymer, is effective in preventing agglomeration without affecting nanosized properties. The aim of this study was to assess the antimicrobial property of MgO nanoparticles when coated with a zein polymer against several oral bacteria and fungi. This was done by utilizing various assessment techniques. The ultimate aim is to use these nanoparticles in dental preparations. The antimicrobial activity of zein-coated MgO nanoparticles at different concentrations of 0.5, 1 and 2% were tested against four different microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans and Enterococcus faecalis (gram positive bacteria), and Candida albicans (as oral fungus). Two different techniques were utilized: the Kirby-Bauer test, and a modified direct contact test. The results indicated that the antibacterial ef...
The treatment of severe skeletal anterior open bite is extremely difficult in adults, and orthogn... more The treatment of severe skeletal anterior open bite is extremely difficult in adults, and orthognathic surgery is generally selected for its treatment. We report the case of an 18-year-old adult patient with skeletal anterior open bite and temporomandibular disorders who was successfully treated using temporary anchorage devices. She had an open bite of -2.0 mm and an increased facial height. Miniplates were implanted in both the maxilla and mandible, and molar intrusion resulted in counterclockwise rotation of the mandible over a period of 12 months. After active treatment, her upper and lower first molars were intruded by approximately 2 mm and her overbite became +2.5 mm. Her retrognathic profile improved with counterclockwise rotation of the mandible. Orthodontic treatment aided with skeletal anchorage is beneficial for intrusion of bimaxillary molars in patients with anterior open bite.
The current study aimed at examining surface and chemical composition changes of retrieved mini-i... more The current study aimed at examining surface and chemical composition changes of retrieved mini-implants after different periods of service as aids of anchorage for orthodontic patients. This study examined 72 retrieved orthodontic self-tapping and self-drilling mini-implants, 1.7 mm in diameter and 8 mm in length (OrthoEasy system, Forestadent, Pforzheim, Germany) from 36 adult orthodontic patients (18 men and 18 women, mean age = 23 years). The retrieved mini-implants were divided into 3 groups according to service period: 3-6 months (3M-6M) group, 6-12 months (6M-12M) group, and 12-24 months (12M-24M) group, with 24 mini-implants in each group. The control group (As Received) comprised of 24 unused mini-implants of the same type (AR group). All mini-implant heads and threaded bodies were examined for chemical characterization and topographical features by SEM-EDS. The average weight percentages for the following elements Ti, Al, and O2 were obtained and compared among the 4 group...
In barley endosperm arabinoxylan (AX) is the second most abundant cell wall polysaccharide and in... more In barley endosperm arabinoxylan (AX) is the second most abundant cell wall polysaccharide and in wheat it is the most abundant polysaccharide in the starchy endosperm walls of the grain. AX is one of the main contributors to grain dietary fibre content providing several health benefits including cholesterol and glucose lowering effects, and antioxidant activities. Due to its complex structural features, AX might also affect the downstream applications of barley grain in malting and brewing. Using a high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) method we quantified AX amounts in mature grain in 128 spring 2-row barley accessions. Amounts ranged from ~ 5.2 μg/g to ~ 9 μg/g. We used this data for a Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) that revealed three significant quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with grain AX levels which passed a false discovery threshold (FDR) and are located on two of the seven barley chromosomes. Regions underlying the QTLs were scanned for genes likely to...
To investigate the effect of using osteogenic induced gingival fibroblasts (OIGFs) and low intens... more To investigate the effect of using osteogenic induced gingival fibroblasts (OIGFs) and low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on root resorption lacunae volume and cementum thickness in beagle dogs that received orthodontic tooth movement. Seven beagle dogs were used, from which gingival cells (GCs) were obtained and were induced osteogenically to produce OIGFs. Each third and fourth premolar was randomly assigned to one of the five groups, namely, LIPUS, OIGFs, bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), OIGFs + LIPUS, and control. All groups received 4 weeks of bodily tooth movement, then LIPUS-treated groups received LIPUS for 20 min/day for 4 weeks, and OIGFs groups received an injection of OIGFs near the root apex. Microcomputed tomography analysis was used to calculate root resorption lacunae volume and histomorphometric analysis was performed to measure the cementum thickness of each root at 3 root levels on compression and tension sides. There was no significant difference in res...
Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials, Sep 15, 2016
To determine if acid-etched, cross-linked dentin can be dehydrated without lowering bond strength... more To determine if acid-etched, cross-linked dentin can be dehydrated without lowering bond strength below that of cross-linked wet-bonded dentin in vitro. Using extracted human third molars, control acid-etched dentin was bonded with Single Bond Plus, using either the wet- or dry-bonding technique. Experimental acid-etched dentin was treated with 5mass% grape seed extract (GSE) in different solvents for 1min before undergoing wet vs dry resin-dentin bonding with Single Bond Plus. Completely demineralized dentin beams were treated with 5% GSE for 0, 1 or 10min, before measuring stiffness by 3-point flexure. Other completely demineralized beams were treated similarly and then incubated in buffer for 1 week to measure the collagen solubilization by endogenous dentin proteases. 24h microtensile bond strengths (μTBS) in wet and dry controls were 53.5±3.6 and 9.4±1.8MPa, respectively (p<0.05). 5% GSE in water gave μTBS of 53.7±3.4 and 39.1±9.7MPa (p<0.05), respectively, while 5% GSE i...
The goal of this study was to assess the effect of the intermittent combination of an antiresorpt... more The goal of this study was to assess the effect of the intermittent combination of an antiresorptive agent (calcitonin) and an anabolic agent (vitamin D 3) on treating the detrimental effects of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) on mandibular bone formation and growth. Forty 3-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: the control group (normal rats), the control C1D group (normal rats injected with calcitonin and vitamin D 3), the diabetic C1D group (diabetic rats injected with calcitonin and vitamin D 3) and the diabetic group (uncontrolled diabetic rats). An experimental DM condition was induced in the male Wistar rats in the diabetic and diabetic C1D groups using a single dose of 60 mg?kg-1 body weight of streptozotocin. Calcitonin and vitamin D 3 were simultaneously injected in the rats of the control C1D and diabetic C1D groups. All rats were killed after 4 weeks, and the right mandibles were evaluated by micro-computed tomography and histomorphometric analysis. Diabetic rats showed a significant deterioration in bone quality and bone formation (diabetic group). By contrast, with the injection of calcitonin and vitamin D 3 , both bone parameters and bone formation significantly improved (diabetic C1D group) (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that these two hormones might potentially improve various bone properties.
Vitreous cysts are rare ocular malformations. We report an unusual case of a pigmented free-float... more Vitreous cysts are rare ocular malformations. We report an unusual case of a pigmented free-floating vitreous cyst incidentally detected in a highly myopic 28-year-old woman who was referred by her optometrist.
We give a new separability criterion, a necessary condition for separability of N-partite quantum... more We give a new separability criterion, a necessary condition for separability of N-partite quantum states. The criterion is based on the Bloch representation of a N-partite quantum state and makes use of multilinear algebra, in particular, the matrization of tensors. Our criterion applies to arbitrary N-partite quantum states in $\mathcal{H}=\mathcal{H}^{d_1}\otimes \mathcal{H}^{d_2} \otimes \cdots \otimes \mathcal{H}^{d_N}.$ The criterion can test whether a N-partite state is entangled and can be applied to different partitions of the $N$-partite system. We provide examples that show the ability of this criterion to detect entanglement. We show that this criterion can detect bound entangled states. We prove a sufficiency condition for separability of a 3-partite state, straightforwardly generalizable to the case N > 3, under certain condition. We also give a necessary and sufficient condition for separability of a class of N-qubit states which includes N-qubit PPT states.
Tropospheric aerosols (total suspended particulate, TSP) were sampled at four sampling sites of v... more Tropospheric aerosols (total suspended particulate, TSP) were sampled at four sampling sites of various anthropogenic impact (industrial, commercial, heavy trafficked, and mixed urban influence), located in Dar es Salaam, the commercial capital of Tanzania. Air concentrations of minor and trace elements (Al, As
This study aimed to investigate the effect of Shogaol on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)- induced ul... more This study aimed to investigate the effect of Shogaol on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)- induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice compared to an immune-suppressant chemotherapeutic medicine, known as 6-thioguanine (6-TG). Thirty-six adult BALB/c mice were divided into six groups: group 1 (positive control): no DSS exposure and no treatment; group 2 (negative control): DSS exposure without treatment; group 3 (vehicle control): DSS exposure and olive oil treatment; group 4: DSS exposure and 0.3 mg/kg 6-TG treatment; group 5: DSS exposure and 20 mg/kg Shogaol treatment; and group 6: DSS exposure and 40 mg/kg Shogaol treatment. At day 16, the mice were euthanized and UC was evaluated according to colon length, histologically index score and expression scores of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The disease activity index (DAI) and histological index scores of mice treated with 40 mg/kg body weight (BW) Shogaol were approximately lower than the corresponding scores of mice treate...
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic, progressive inflammatory rheumatic disease that leads t... more Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic, progressive inflammatory rheumatic disease that leads to structural damage, functional impairment, and decrease in the quality of life. Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a part of the complete blood count (CBC) and estimates erythrocyte variability. To analyse RDW in patients with AS and to evaluate the relationships with acute phase reactants (APRs) and disease activity index. A total of 100 patients with AS (78 males and 22 females) were diagnosed according to the modified New York classification criteria for AS and 146 (99 males: 47 females) healthy individuals matched in age and sex as controls enrolled in the study. Demographic data, disease activity scores using Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), medical history, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocytes sedimentation rate (ESR), and complete blood count (CBC) were measured. The mean age for patients and controls was 38.0 ± 9.0 and 35.8 ± 9.0 years, respective...
Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) involves many aspects such as chewing ability, sleep... more Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) involves many aspects such as chewing ability, sleeping, social interactions, self-esteem, and satisfaction with life and oral health. The increasing research interest in OHRQoL began only after the shortcomings of previous approaches of treating symptoms only and neglecting the patient's self-perception were revealed. The current study design is a cross-sectional study of patients who attended King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital (Jeddah, Saudi Arabia) and King Saud University Dental Hospital (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia). After obtaining their verbal consent, young adult and adult patients (mean age 25.19±7.29 years old) with anterior spacing or crowding were recruited to participate in the study. They filled the Arabic short version of the oral-health impact profile-14 questionnaire after a clinical evaluation of the severity of their spacing or crowding. Parameters of spacing/crowding severity assessment were as follows: <4, mild...
Toxicity as well as chemical instability issues of halide perovskites based on organic-inorganic ... more Toxicity as well as chemical instability issues of halide perovskites based on organic-inorganic lead-containing materials still remains the main drawbacks for perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we discuss the preparation of copper (Cu)-based hybrid materials, where we replace lead (Pb) with non-toxic Cu metal for lead free perovskite solar cells; investigate of its potential towards solar cells applications based on experimental and theoretical studies. The formation of (CH3NH3)2CuX4 [(CH3NH3)2CuCl4, (CH3NH3)2CuCl2I2, and (CH3NH3)2CuCl2Br2] were discussed in details. Furthermore, founding chlorine (Cl-) in the structure is critical for the stabilization of the formed compounds. Cu-based perovskite-like materials illustrated attractive absorbance features extended to the near-infrared, with appropriate band gaps. Green photoluminescence of these materials obtained due to Cu+ ions. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) measured experimentally and estimated theoretically for diffe...
MgO nanoparticles have been recently discovered as an antibacterial, however, they limited by pro... more MgO nanoparticles have been recently discovered as an antibacterial, however, they limited by property degradation due to agglomeration. The addition of a coating agent, such as a zein polymer, is effective in preventing agglomeration without affecting nanosized properties. The aim of this study was to assess the antimicrobial property of MgO nanoparticles when coated with a zein polymer against several oral bacteria and fungi. This was done by utilizing various assessment techniques. The ultimate aim is to use these nanoparticles in dental preparations. The antimicrobial activity of zein-coated MgO nanoparticles at different concentrations of 0.5, 1 and 2% were tested against four different microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans and Enterococcus faecalis (gram positive bacteria), and Candida albicans (as oral fungus). Two different techniques were utilized: the Kirby-Bauer test, and a modified direct contact test. The results indicated that the antibacterial ef...
The treatment of severe skeletal anterior open bite is extremely difficult in adults, and orthogn... more The treatment of severe skeletal anterior open bite is extremely difficult in adults, and orthognathic surgery is generally selected for its treatment. We report the case of an 18-year-old adult patient with skeletal anterior open bite and temporomandibular disorders who was successfully treated using temporary anchorage devices. She had an open bite of -2.0 mm and an increased facial height. Miniplates were implanted in both the maxilla and mandible, and molar intrusion resulted in counterclockwise rotation of the mandible over a period of 12 months. After active treatment, her upper and lower first molars were intruded by approximately 2 mm and her overbite became +2.5 mm. Her retrognathic profile improved with counterclockwise rotation of the mandible. Orthodontic treatment aided with skeletal anchorage is beneficial for intrusion of bimaxillary molars in patients with anterior open bite.
The current study aimed at examining surface and chemical composition changes of retrieved mini-i... more The current study aimed at examining surface and chemical composition changes of retrieved mini-implants after different periods of service as aids of anchorage for orthodontic patients. This study examined 72 retrieved orthodontic self-tapping and self-drilling mini-implants, 1.7 mm in diameter and 8 mm in length (OrthoEasy system, Forestadent, Pforzheim, Germany) from 36 adult orthodontic patients (18 men and 18 women, mean age = 23 years). The retrieved mini-implants were divided into 3 groups according to service period: 3-6 months (3M-6M) group, 6-12 months (6M-12M) group, and 12-24 months (12M-24M) group, with 24 mini-implants in each group. The control group (As Received) comprised of 24 unused mini-implants of the same type (AR group). All mini-implant heads and threaded bodies were examined for chemical characterization and topographical features by SEM-EDS. The average weight percentages for the following elements Ti, Al, and O2 were obtained and compared among the 4 group...
In barley endosperm arabinoxylan (AX) is the second most abundant cell wall polysaccharide and in... more In barley endosperm arabinoxylan (AX) is the second most abundant cell wall polysaccharide and in wheat it is the most abundant polysaccharide in the starchy endosperm walls of the grain. AX is one of the main contributors to grain dietary fibre content providing several health benefits including cholesterol and glucose lowering effects, and antioxidant activities. Due to its complex structural features, AX might also affect the downstream applications of barley grain in malting and brewing. Using a high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) method we quantified AX amounts in mature grain in 128 spring 2-row barley accessions. Amounts ranged from ~ 5.2 μg/g to ~ 9 μg/g. We used this data for a Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) that revealed three significant quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with grain AX levels which passed a false discovery threshold (FDR) and are located on two of the seven barley chromosomes. Regions underlying the QTLs were scanned for genes likely to...
To investigate the effect of using osteogenic induced gingival fibroblasts (OIGFs) and low intens... more To investigate the effect of using osteogenic induced gingival fibroblasts (OIGFs) and low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on root resorption lacunae volume and cementum thickness in beagle dogs that received orthodontic tooth movement. Seven beagle dogs were used, from which gingival cells (GCs) were obtained and were induced osteogenically to produce OIGFs. Each third and fourth premolar was randomly assigned to one of the five groups, namely, LIPUS, OIGFs, bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), OIGFs + LIPUS, and control. All groups received 4 weeks of bodily tooth movement, then LIPUS-treated groups received LIPUS for 20 min/day for 4 weeks, and OIGFs groups received an injection of OIGFs near the root apex. Microcomputed tomography analysis was used to calculate root resorption lacunae volume and histomorphometric analysis was performed to measure the cementum thickness of each root at 3 root levels on compression and tension sides. There was no significant difference in res...
Dental materials : official publication of the Academy of Dental Materials, Sep 15, 2016
To determine if acid-etched, cross-linked dentin can be dehydrated without lowering bond strength... more To determine if acid-etched, cross-linked dentin can be dehydrated without lowering bond strength below that of cross-linked wet-bonded dentin in vitro. Using extracted human third molars, control acid-etched dentin was bonded with Single Bond Plus, using either the wet- or dry-bonding technique. Experimental acid-etched dentin was treated with 5mass% grape seed extract (GSE) in different solvents for 1min before undergoing wet vs dry resin-dentin bonding with Single Bond Plus. Completely demineralized dentin beams were treated with 5% GSE for 0, 1 or 10min, before measuring stiffness by 3-point flexure. Other completely demineralized beams were treated similarly and then incubated in buffer for 1 week to measure the collagen solubilization by endogenous dentin proteases. 24h microtensile bond strengths (μTBS) in wet and dry controls were 53.5±3.6 and 9.4±1.8MPa, respectively (p<0.05). 5% GSE in water gave μTBS of 53.7±3.4 and 39.1±9.7MPa (p<0.05), respectively, while 5% GSE i...
The goal of this study was to assess the effect of the intermittent combination of an antiresorpt... more The goal of this study was to assess the effect of the intermittent combination of an antiresorptive agent (calcitonin) and an anabolic agent (vitamin D 3) on treating the detrimental effects of Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) on mandibular bone formation and growth. Forty 3-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: the control group (normal rats), the control C1D group (normal rats injected with calcitonin and vitamin D 3), the diabetic C1D group (diabetic rats injected with calcitonin and vitamin D 3) and the diabetic group (uncontrolled diabetic rats). An experimental DM condition was induced in the male Wistar rats in the diabetic and diabetic C1D groups using a single dose of 60 mg?kg-1 body weight of streptozotocin. Calcitonin and vitamin D 3 were simultaneously injected in the rats of the control C1D and diabetic C1D groups. All rats were killed after 4 weeks, and the right mandibles were evaluated by micro-computed tomography and histomorphometric analysis. Diabetic rats showed a significant deterioration in bone quality and bone formation (diabetic group). By contrast, with the injection of calcitonin and vitamin D 3 , both bone parameters and bone formation significantly improved (diabetic C1D group) (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that these two hormones might potentially improve various bone properties.
Vitreous cysts are rare ocular malformations. We report an unusual case of a pigmented free-float... more Vitreous cysts are rare ocular malformations. We report an unusual case of a pigmented free-floating vitreous cyst incidentally detected in a highly myopic 28-year-old woman who was referred by her optometrist.
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