Papers by Albert Christopher Dhas
Street Vending is one of the fundamental constituents of urban economies and also a distinctive p... more Street Vending is one of the fundamental constituents of urban economies and also a distinctive part of large informal sector. Though street vendors contribute to the economy in many ways (creates employment, produces and distributes goods/services at affordable prices), they did not get the required attention of the planners, policy makers and public. On realizing the contributions and the need to integrate them in the growth process of the economy, Parliament of India enacted an Act namely, Street Vendors (Protection of Livelihood and Regulation of Street Vending) Act, 2014 to regulate street vendors in public areas and protect their rights. The objective of this chapter is to examine the socio-economic conditions street vendors of urban Madurai, based on the primary survey conducted among 200 respondents during the year 2019. The socio-economic condition of street vendors could be understood by examining the characteristics such as religion, caste, community, nature, size of fami...
Bovines, both work and milch stock, recorded a steady growth during the pre-independence period i... more Bovines, both work and milch stock, recorded a steady growth during the pre-independence period in Tamil Nadu. And, from independence, size and composition of bovines showed differential growth pattern (Dhas:1986). The total bovine population showed an increasing trend up to the early-Sixties and thereafter stagnant till the early Eighties. While the milch animal stock increased steadily, the work animals showed a declining trend from seventies. These trends not only indicate the growing importance of dairy animals but also the competitive linkage between work and milch animal population. The work animal stock is highly influenced by the agro-climatic, institutional and economic factors and an analysis of capturing them is attempted in this paper. The discussion in this paper is sequenced as below: Initially, the changes in the size and composition of bovines, work animal population and its density since independence are traced. Subsequently, the factors determining work animal popu...
Health is wealth. The real benefit of any wealth is realised by the society if only there is heal... more Health is wealth. The real benefit of any wealth is realised by the society if only there is health. Hence, it is emphasised upon to improve the health status of people at each level along with all the efforts to increase the income of the country. The health dimensions of people and its significance in economics is highlighted by Marshall, in his attempt towards defining ‘Economics ’ all about (Marshall:1982). Though welfare aspects emphasised by Marshall gave fillip to the subject economics, the issues on ‘welfare ’ received stepmother treatment in the literatures in Economics. However, in recent years, the subject welfare economics has drawn the attention of economists both on theoretical and empirical levels. Needless to say that studies on health economics is more attached to the latter one. Efforts to improve the health status of the population are a major thrust area under the social development programme being undertaken in India. The expenditure on health comprises 5.2 per ...
In a general sense, “globalisation ” refers to integration of nations through the process of cros... more In a general sense, “globalisation ” refers to integration of nations through the process of cross-national flows of goods, investment, production and technology. However, any discussion about globalisation raises several questions starting from its definition to the implications. The questions that are specific to this subject are- What is globalisation? Is it an economic concept?
From independence, size and composition of bovines in Tamil Nadu showed differential growth patte... more From independence, size and composition of bovines in Tamil Nadu showed differential growth pattern. The total bovine population showed an increasing trend up to the early-Sixties and thereafter stagnant till the early Eighties. While the milch animal stock increased steadily, the work animals showed a declining trend from seventies. These trends not only indicate the growing importance of dairy animals but also the competitive linkage between work and milch animal population. The work animal stock is highly influenced by the agro-climatic, institutional and economic factors and an analysis of capturing them is attempted in this paper. Initially, the changes in the size and composition of bovines, work animal population and its density since independence are traced. Subsequently, the factors determining work animal population and its density are examined using regression models. Two regression analyses are made, one representing phase I (1956-1974) and the other for phase II (1977-1...
Women constitute almost half of the population of the world. Education for women is the best way ... more Women constitute almost half of the population of the world. Education for women is the best way to improve the health, nutrition and economic status of a household that constitute a micro unit of a nation economy. In this context, it can be argued that lack of woman education can be an impediment to the country’s economic development. In India, women achieve far less education that of men. As per the Census report 2001, the literacy rate of women is 54.16 per cent and that of men is 65.38 per cent. There has been a sincere effort to improve the education attainment of women by both government and voluntary organizations. The changes in the policies and infrastructural supports on primary, secondary and higher education reflect the initiatives of the Government of India towards women education. This paper examined the trends in women education, the investments on education and infrastructural supports in India. The study revealed that there had been significant progress in the perfo...
Research Papers in Economics, 2008
This paper aimed at examining the health status in Tamil Nadu and to highlight the major issues o... more This paper aimed at examining the health status in Tamil Nadu and to highlight the major issues on it. The health scenario of Tamil Nadu was examined, based on certain selected health indicators and the extent of health infrastructure available in the state and its utilisation were also discussed The study observed that there is a reduction in the vital statistics such as birth rate, death rate and infant mortality rate and an increase in the life expectancy at birth in Tamil Nadu during the last three decades. These trends indicated the developments in the health status of the people and the steady progress in the health indicators. The study argued that though the demographic indicators and vital statistics indicate very high of Tamil Nadu in terms of health performance, there are several areas in which improvements are possible. To conclude, Tamil Nadu seems to have performed better compared to All India average in demographic and several health indicators. However, Tamil Nadu is...
This paper is concerned with the consequences of population growth and its increasing density on ... more This paper is concerned with the consequences of population growth and its increasing density on land use pattern and its changes. For this purpose, the empirical evidences are drawn from FAO statistics with reference to Southeast Asian Countries. The paper attempted to provide both a regional and comparative perspective in understanding the relationship between population growth and land use changes. The study observed a steady growth in the human population during the last three decades, though the growth rate has declined during the nineties. The unequal distribution of population in terms of its size and growth was observed among the Southeast Asian Countries. The analysis indicated changes in land use pattern towards ‘arable and permanent cropland’ and ‘land not available for cultivation’. However, such a trend varied across Southeast Asian Countries significantly. The effect of population pressure on land use changes are examined both in a broad and narrow sense, which indicat...
The unorganised workers account for about 93 per cent of the total workforce and there is a stead... more The unorganised workers account for about 93 per cent of the total workforce and there is a steady growth in it over years in India. It is argued that India had a long tradition of informal social security and social assistance system directed particularly towards the more vulnerable sections of the society but underwent steady and inevitable erosion. The social security initiatives of the Centre, State and NGO’s implemented during the past indicated that the needs are much more than the supports provided and the efforts must be targeted and vast enough to cover the growing unorganised workers. It is argued that the major security needs of the unorganised workers are food security, nutritional security, health security, housing security, employment security, income security, life and accident security, and old age security. In sum, the study calls for a Comprehensive, Universal and Integrated Social Security System for the unorganised workers in India.
Agricultue in India is undergoing a structural change leading to a crisis situation. The rate of ... more Agricultue in India is undergoing a structural change leading to a crisis situation. The rate of growth of agricultural output is gradually declining in the recent years. The relative contribution of agriculture to the GDP has been declining over time steadily. The performance of agriculture by crop categories also clearly indicates the slowing down process of agriculture in India. The onset of deceleration in agriculture began from early nineties and it became sharp from the late nineties. The trends in the area, input use, capital stock and technology also reflect the agricultural downfall and the farmer’s response accordingly. It is alarming that India is moving towards a point of no return, from being a self-reliant nation of food surplus to a net importer of food. All these trends indicate that the agricultural sector in India is facing a crisis today. It is argued that the root cause of the crisis was that agriculture is no more a profitable economic activity when compared to ...
In this paper, the basics of globalization, the economic reforms initiated in India and the trend... more In this paper, the basics of globalization, the economic reforms initiated in India and the trends in employment and the impact of globalisation are discussed. It is argued that the unorganised workers would expand further due to globalisation. Under the present deprived conditions of unorganised sector, this would lead to imbalance in the labour market leading to more supply of labours, low wages and low level of income. This situation would affect the social and economic conditions of the unorganised working population. The unorganised workers will be in the highly disadvantageous position as there would be a shift in the technology from labour to capital intensive and use of unskilled to skilled workers.
The globalisation process, which aimed at integration of economies and global development, is bas... more The globalisation process, which aimed at integration of economies and global development, is basically a reflection of neo-imperialism ideas. The question addressed in this paper is: what are the social implications of the neo-imperialism (globalisation) process in India, particularly on the social security aspects of the working population? Accordingly, an attempt is made in this paper to examine changes in the social security status of the working population that have been brought about since the introduction of globalisation process in terms of employment, labour absorption and the labour market conditions in India. It is seen that the overall growth rate of the organised sector employment maintained its declining trend from the period 1977-78 to 1999-2000. The growth rate of the public sector employment declined more than the private sector employment and this trend continues up to the present. From 1997, the public sector employment grew negatively. Though there has been margi...
Mpra Paper, 2008
work, income and life so that they would also benefit in that process on the one hand, and on the... more work, income and life so that they would also benefit in that process on the one hand, and on the other, contribute towards the success of globalisation.
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Papers by Albert Christopher Dhas