Papers by Akindayo Sowunmi
African journal of microbiology research
A total of 34 isolates of bacteria, 20 Staphylococus aureus and 14 Clostridium perfringens from l... more A total of 34 isolates of bacteria, 20 Staphylococus aureus and 14 Clostridium perfringens from leachate samples, were investigated for virulence factors and antibiotic resistance. Majority (>70%) of the isolates produced enterotoxins. Many of the S. aureus isolates tested positive for deoxyribonuclease, haemolysins and slime production. Staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) was the predominant enterotoxin produced by the S. aureus. None of the S. aureus was resistant to ciprofloxacin, novobiocin and vancomycin. Six isolates were resistant to methicillin and majority of them were resistant to penicillin, ampicillin and bacitracin. Eleven (78.6%) of the C. perfringens isolates produced enterotoxin and were also beta haemolytic. Except for one strain each of C. perfringens which were resistant to penicillin and ampicillin-sulbaltam respectively, all others were susceptible to the antibiotics tested. The presence of several of the virulence traits investigated and resistance to commonl...
Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2007
Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 2004
International Journal of …, 2008
Data on karyotype of fishes in Nigeria is limited. In this study, chromosome analysis of Clarias ... more Data on karyotype of fishes in Nigeria is limited. In this study, chromosome analysis of Clarias anguillaris (Linnaeus, 1758), C. pachynema (Boulenger, 1903), C. gariepinus (Burchell, 1862) C. camerunensis (Lonnberg, 1895), C. jaensis (Boulenger, 1909) and C. macromystax (Gunther, 1864) from South-West Nigeria was carried out using the kidney cells. C. anguillaris have variable 2n = 48 and 56. The spread with 2n = 48 comprised 27 metacentric, 10 submetacentric, 3 subtelocentric and 8 telocentric chromosomes; while the spread with 2n = 56, which is the modal diploid number, comprised 33 metacentric, 12 submetacentric, 2 subtelocentric and 9 telocentric chromosomes. C. pachynema with 2n = 66 comprised 30 metacentric, 10 submetacentric, 16 subtelocentric and 10 telocentric chromosomes. The 2n = 56 for C. gariepinus comprised 25 metacentric, 14 submetacentric, 14 subtelocentric and 3 telocentric chromosomes; while same diploid number for C. camerunensis included 22 metacentric, 20 subme...
Several studies investigate the human dimension of human-wildlife conflicts, but human attitudes ... more Several studies investigate the human dimension of human-wildlife conflicts, but human attitudes towards forest-dependent animals such as primates in the context of competition for forest resources are still under-researched. We used a semi-structured questionnaire and conducted ethnozoological surveys in order to identify the uses of Kinda baboons ( Papio kindae Lonnberg) and the main factors associated with local people’s attitudes towards this frugivorous primate, at the periphery of the Kundelungu National Park, Democratic Republic of Congo. This study indicates that Kinda baboons are important to community members, essentially for consumptive uses, namely as bushmeat and medicinal animals. The association between local peoples’ anti-conservation attitudes towards these baboons and mentions of the depletion of co-used indigenous trees has been confirmed statistically, suggesting the perception of baboons as competitors. Also, even though the majority of respondents recognized th...
In Omi water body, the physico-chemical parameters such as dissolved oxygen ranged from 1.4 to 4.... more In Omi water body, the physico-chemical parameters such as dissolved oxygen ranged from 1.4 to 4.8 mg/L; pH, 6.7 to 7.2; temperature, 26.5 to 31.5°C; alkalinity, 24.2 to 25.4 ppm; conductivity, 23.0 to 28.3 Ohms/cm; turbidity 0.11 to 0.15 m; and free carbon dioxide from 3.5 to 4.5 mg/L. Dissolved oxygen, pH and water temperature serve as variables since the fluctuation of one affects the values of others. The investigation shows that Omi water is safe for drinking when purified.
West African Journal of Applied Ecology, 2009
Municipal Solid Waste Management
Municipal solid waste (MSW) composition, natural transformation, dynamics and impacts on inland w... more Municipal solid waste (MSW) composition, natural transformation, dynamics and impacts on inland water bodies in Nigeria were examined, using dumpsites and landfills as the common markers. Nigeria is estimated to have over 178.5 million people and kg/capita/day of 0.26-1.02 MSW, projected to increase with the expansion of the economy which is in need of better articulated MSW management strategies. The enormous natural inland surface and groundwater resources are daily challenged directly and indirectly, through decline in physical, chemical and biological quality. Solid waste disposal along the waterways and leachates from natural activities on materials at dumpsites and landfills was strongly identified and recognized as the source of pollutant inputs. The immediate and projected public health consequences in changes in inland waters were provided for resident aquatic organisms, some of which serves as food for resident human populations that are largely dependent on these water bodies for their daily water requirements.
Ethnobiology and Conservation
International Journal of Low Radiation, 2015
Chinese Journal of Biology, 2015
The cytogenotoxic potential of abattoir effluent from Bodija, Nigeria, was investigated using mic... more The cytogenotoxic potential of abattoir effluent from Bodija, Nigeria, was investigated using micronucleus test inClarias gariepinus. Fish was exposed to five different concentrations: 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, and 3.1% of the effluent for 7, 14, and 28 days. Tap water and 0.02 mL/L of benzene were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. Physicochemical parameters and heavy metals were analyzed in the effluent in accordance with standard methods. After exposure, blood was collected from the treated and control fish and slides were prepared for micronuclei (MN) and nuclear abnormality evaluation in the peripheral erythrocytes. The effluent induced significant (p<0.05) increase in the frequency of MN in a time dependent manner. Similarly, the frequency of total nuclear abnormalities (blebbing, notch, bud, binucleation, and vacuolation) was higher in the exposed fish than the negative control. Electrical conductivity, nitrate, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen deman...
Alimentary canals of Clarias gariepinus and Tilapia species from Epe lagoon, Southwest Nigeria, w... more Alimentary canals of Clarias gariepinus and Tilapia species from Epe lagoon, Southwest Nigeria, were examined for helminths. A total of five parasite species: Contraceacum species Procamallus laeviconchus, Spinitecus allaeri (nematode); Proteocephalus species and Wenyonia kainji (cestodes) were encountered. W. synodontis infection in C. gariepinus has not been previously reported from Southwest Nigeria. Parasitic indices showed that prevalence was low. The highest parasite diversity (H' =4.96) was recorded in C. gariepinus while S. melanotheron recorded the highest intensity of infection (1.75) and mean species richness (R ms 0.44). T. zillii was devoid of adults parasites. However, cysts were encountered in all samples examined and multiple parasite infection was not encountered.
Gills and buccal cavity of Clarias gariepinus and Tilapia zillii from Lekki lagoon, Southwest Nig... more Gills and buccal cavity of Clarias gariepinus and Tilapia zillii from Lekki lagoon, Southwest Nigeria were examined for bacterial flora and compared. Bacillus sp. Bacillus licheniformis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella sp. Proteus sp. Pseudomonas florescens Salmonella sp. Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus sp. were all isolated from gill and buccal cavity of both species. Buccal cavity of C. gariepinus recorded higher proportion of E. aerogenes, Klebsiella sp. and P. florescens but T. zillii, E. aerogenes, E. coli, Proteus sp., P. florescens and S. aureus. Bacterial counts were higher in the gills (cfu = 7.98+ 0.29, t<0.05) and (cfu = 6.65+0.38,t<0.05) with significant differences in C. gariepinus and T. zillii. The bacteria assemblage were of public health significance.
Stress responses using haematology was investigated in Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus from Asejire R... more Stress responses using haematology was investigated in Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus from Asejire Reservoir and R.Ogun, Southwest Nigeria; respectively receiving predominantly wastes from a bottling plant and abattoir. PCV, Hb, RBC, WBC, heterophils and monocytes values were higher in fishes from Asejire Reservoir; platelets, lymphocytes and eosinophils were however higher in fishes from R.Ogun. Erythrocytic indices of MCV (97.85±12.78) and MCH (105.27±19.54) were respectively higher in fishes from Asejire Reservoir and R.Ogun. Eosinophils (54.07) and CF (42.02) recorded highest respective variability. Redistribution of lymphocytes (CV=14.9 and 5.45), heterophils (CV=31.71 and 11.94) and heterophil:lymphocyte ratio ratio suggested responses that were less impaired or fatigued in Ch. nigrodigitatus from Asejire reservoir (CV=89.70) compared with those from R.Ogun (CV=17.58); which were apparently in better condition (CF=1.38±0.58) than fishes from the reservoir (CF=1.08±0.42).
Heamatology of natural population of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell,1822) from Eleiyele reservoir w... more Heamatology of natural population of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell,1822) from Eleiyele reservoir was investigated with a view of establishing species specific baseline values for haematologic parameters such as Red Blood Cell (RBC), White Blood Cells (WBC), Haemoglobin (Hb), Mean Cell Volume (MCV), Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Mean Cell Haemoglobin (MCH), Mean Cell Haemoglobin Concentration (MHCH). The mean haematologic values obtained were 1.70 ± 0.30x10 6 mm 3 , 7946 ± 1492 mm 3 , 8.70 ± 1.46g/dl, 152.38 ± 14.32fl, 26.34 ± 4.88%, 50.78 ± 7.34p/g and 33.10 ± 0.17g/dl respectively. The parameters did not differ significantly (p<0.05) on gender basis. Pearson's correlation coefficients indicated significant relationships for standard length with PCV; body weight with WBC and MCH and RBC with MCV and MCH. The remaining parameters did not exhibit such relationships. Partial correlations indicated that standard length and body weight had both independent and combined influences on ha...
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Papers by Akindayo Sowunmi