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Ahmed M Senan

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Ahmed M. Senan graduated from the Institute of Physical Chemistry and Industrial Catalysis at Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China with a PhD in Chemistry. He obtained a HUST Academic Excellence award as Outstanding International Student (2015-2016). http://iso.hust.edu.cn/index.php/Notice/AwardampAchievement/603.html. Since 2017, he is Assistant Professor at the College of Food Science and Technology at Nanjing Agricultural University, China.

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10 Internationales Marketing-Controlling

Pharmacotherapeutics of SARS-CoV-2 Infections

Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected more than 38 million people worldwide by person to person tran... more The COVID-19 pandemic has affected more than 38 million people worldwide by person to person transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Therapeutic and preventative strategies for SARS-CoV-2 remains a significant challenge. Within the past several months, effective treatment options have emerged and now include repurposed antivirals, corticosteroids and virus-specific antibodies. The latter has included convalescence plasma and monoclonal antibodies. Complete viral eradication will be achieved through an effective, safe and preventative vaccine. To now provide a comprehensive summary for each of the pharmacotherapeutics and preventative strategies being offered or soon to be developed for SARS-CoV-2.

Biocatalytic Potential of Enzymes Involved the Modification of Glucosamine in Chemotherapeutical Intermediates Synthesis

Journal of Food Chemistry & Nanotechnology, 2021

The enzymatic modification of glucosamine (GlcN) and its derivatives have a keen interest for res... more The enzymatic modification of glucosamine (GlcN) and its derivatives have a keen interest for researchers due to the natural abundance of its bio-sourced such as chitin. The recent progress for understanding the role of glucosamine based on various novel approaches for enzymatic synthesis in the field of medicinal chemistry and food supplements. These developments led to improve chemo-selective protection and/or deprotection of amino-sugar during chainenhancement and allow the simultaneous regioselective reaction of functionally relevant acetyl, phosphate, or sulfate groups. In this review, we give an overview of current strategies on the synthesis of therapeutically relevant glucosaminecontaining derivatives.

The influence of corporate governance characteristics on profitability of Indian firms: An empirical investigation of firms listed on Bombay Stock Exchange

Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 2021

This article aims to empirically examine corporate governance features and their association with... more This article aims to empirically examine corporate governance features and their association with Indian listed companies’ profitability. Thirty-three listed firms are selected from the top 100 companies in India. Corporate governance is defined by two parts: board of directors (size, structure, diligence) and audit committee (size, structure, diligence). In contrast, the profitability of Indian listed firms is calculated by two indicators: return on assets (ROA) and earnings per share (EPS). The outcomes concerning ROA reveal that board diligence, size of audit committee, audit committee composition, diligence of audit committee, and size of a company has a significant relationship with ROA. In contrast, board size and board composition have an insignificant association with ROA. Concerning earnings per share (EPS) model, the results show that size of audit committee, audit committee composition, diligence of audit committee, and firm size have a significant relationship with EPS. ...

Convenience of accounting education for the requirements of Saudi labour market: An empirical study

Management Science Letters, 2019

Saudi labour market is unique in nature due to a number of aspects. It provides a picture of incr... more Saudi labour market is unique in nature due to a number of aspects. It provides a picture of increasing job opportunity and, at the same time, higher level of youth unemployment. Like other countries, the employability of accounting graduates of Saudi Arabia is also subject to doubts. The present study assesses the convenience of accounting education for the unique requirements of Saudi labour market. The study collects data from 914 respondents from the three main stakeholdersstudents, faculty and accounting practitioners. The study finds that all the three stakeholders were of the opinion that the education was capable of meeting the unique requirements of the labour market in Saudi Arabia. A few suggestions are also presented, which would help improve the outcomes of the accounting programs and make the graduates employable.

Mesoporous Nano-Sized BiFeVOx.y Phases for Removal of Organic Dyes from Wastewaters by Visible Light Photocatalytic Degradation

Nanomaterials

With an increasing demand for industrial dyes in our daily lives, water conditions have become wo... more With an increasing demand for industrial dyes in our daily lives, water conditions have become worse. Recently, the removal of such environmentally hazardous pollutants from wastewaters through photocatalytic degradation has been drawing increased attention. Three mesoporous nanophases of BiFeVOx.y as (Bi2FeIIIV1−yO5.5−y) visible light photocatalysts were synthesized in this study using ethylene glycol-citrate sol-gel synthesis combined with microwave- assisted calcination. X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDS), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry (UV-Vis/DRS) were used to characterize the BiFeVOx.y photocatalysts. The visible light-induced photocatalytic activities of the BiFeVOx.y phases were evaluated by the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye in aqueous...

Additional file 1 of Efficient and selective catalytic hydroxylation of unsaturated plant oils: a novel method for producing anti-pathogens

Additional file 1. 1H and 13C NMR spectra for conjugated hydroxymethyl linoleate (CHML) and MALID... more Additional file 1. 1H and 13C NMR spectra for conjugated hydroxymethyl linoleate (CHML) and MALID-ToF spectrometry. Figure S1. The quantification products by 1H NMR Spectrum; Linoleic acid obtained as main product of ML hydroxylation with (Na2S2O8) alone as catalyst. Figure S2. 1H NMR spectrum of conjugated hydroxy methyl linoleate (isolated product 1). Figure S3. 1H NMR spectrum of conjugated hydroxy methyl linoleate CHML (Reaction Mixture). Figure S4. 1H NMR Spectrum of Saturated Ester. Figure S5. 1H NMR spectrum of original methyl linoleate. Figure S6. 13C NMR spectrum of isolated product in CDCl3 (after removal of the solvent MeCN/H2O). Figure S7. MALDITOF–mass spectroscopy employed for determining the mixture of conjugated hydroxy methyl linoleate CHML after reaction time 24 h.

Attenuation mechanisms of arsenic induced toxicity and its accumulation in plants by engineered nanoparticles: A review

Environmental Pollution, 2022

The excessive arsenic (As) accumulation in plant tissues enforced toxic impacts on growth indices... more The excessive arsenic (As) accumulation in plant tissues enforced toxic impacts on growth indices. So, the utilization of As-contaminated food leads to risks associated with human health. For the reduction of As concentrations in foods, it is obligatory to fully apprehend the take up, accretion, transportation and toxicity mechanisms of As within plant parts. This metalloid impairs the plant functions by disturbing the metabolic pathways at physio-biochemical, cellular and molecular levels. Though several approaches were utilized to reduce the As-accumulation and toxicity in soil-plant systems. Recently, engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) such a zinc oxide (ZnO), silicon dioxide or silica (SiO2), iron oxide (FeO) and copper oxide (CuO) have emerged new technology to reduce the As-accumulation or phytotoxicity. But, the mechanistic approaches with systematic explanation are missing. By knowing these facts, our prime focus was to disclose the mechanisms behind the As toxicity and its mitigation by ENPs in higher plants. ENPs relives As toxicity and its oxidative damages by regulating the transporter or defense genes, modifying the cell wall composition, stimulating the antioxidants defense, phytochelatins biosynthesis, nutrients uptake, regulating the metabolic processes, growth improvement, and thus reduction in As-accumulation or toxicity. Yet, As-detoxification by ENPs depends upon the type and dose of ENPs or As, exposure method, plant species and experimental conditions. We have discussed the recent advances and highlight the knowledge or research gaps in earlier studies along with recommendations. This review may help scientific community to develop strategies such as applications of nano-based fertilizers to limit the As-accumulation and toxicity, thus healthy food production. These outcomes may govern sustainable application of ENPs in agriculture.

LC‐ESI‐QTOF/MS characterization of antimicrobial compounds with their action mode extracted from vine tea ( Ampelopsis grossedentata ) leaves

Food Science & Nutrition, 2022

Vine tea (Ampelopsis grossedentata) is a tea plant cultivated south of the Chinese Yangtze River.... more Vine tea (Ampelopsis grossedentata) is a tea plant cultivated south of the Chinese Yangtze River. It has anti-inflammatory properties and is used to normalize blood circulation and detoxification. The leaves of vine tea are the most abundant source of flavonoids, such as dihydromyricetin and myricetin. However, as the main bioactive flavonoid in vine tea, dihydromyricetin was the main focus of previous research. This study aimed to explore the antibacterial activities of vine tea against selected foodborne pathogens. The antimicrobial activity of vine tea extract was evaluated by the agar well diffusion method. Cell membrane integrity and bactericidal kinetics, along with physical damage to the cell membrane, were also observed. The extract was analyzed using a high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD), and the results were confirmed using a modified version of a previously published method that combined liquid chromatography and electrospray-ionized quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF/MS). Cell membrane integrity and bactericidal kinetics were determined by releasing intracellular material in suspension and monitoring it at 260 nm using an ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometer. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to detect morphological alterations and physical damage to the cell membrane. Six compounds were isolated successfully: (1) myricetin (C15H10O8), (2) myricetin 3-O-rhamnoside (C21H20O12), (3) 5,7,8,3,4-pentahydroxyisoflavone (C15H10O7), (4) dihydroquercetin (C15H12O7), (5) 6,8-dihydroxykaempferol (C15H10O8), and (6) ellagic acid glucoside (C20H16O13). Among these bioactive compounds, C15H10O7 was found to have vigorous antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus (AS11846) and Staphylococcus aureus (CMCCB26003). A dose-dependent bactericidal kinetics with a higher degree of absorbance at optical density 260 (OD260) was observed when the bacterial suspension was incubated with C15H10O7 for 8 h. Furthermore, a scanning electron microscope study revealed physical damage to the cell membrane. In addition, the action mode of C15H10O7 was on the cell wall of the target microorganism. Together, these results suggest that C15H10O7 has vigorous antimicrobial activity and can be used as a potent antimicrobial agent in the food processing industry.

Efficient and selective catalytic hydroxylation of unsaturated plant oils: a novel method for producing anti-pathogens

BMC Chemistry, 2021

With the increasing demand for antimicrobial agents and the spread of antibiotic resistance in pa... more With the increasing demand for antimicrobial agents and the spread of antibiotic resistance in pathogens, the exploitation of plant oils to partly replace antibiotic emerges as an important source of fine chemicals, functional food utility and pharmaceutical industries. This work introduces a novel catalytic method of plant oils hydroxylation by Fe(III) citrate monohydrate (Fe3+-cit.)/Na2S2O8 catalyst. Methyl (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate (ML) was selected as an example of vegetable oils hydroxylation to its hydroxy-conjugated derivatives (CHML) in the presence of a new complex of Fe(II)-species. Methyl 9,12-di-hydroxyoctadecanoate 1, methyl-9-hydroxyoctadecanoate 2 and methyl (10E,12E)-octadecanoate 3 mixtures is produced under optimized condition with oxygen balloon. The specific hydroxylation activity was lower in the case of using Na2S2O8 alone as a catalyst. A chemical reaction has shown the main process converted of plantoils hydroxylation and (+ 16 Da) of OH- attached at the meth...

Sequential Application of High-Voltage Electric Field Cold Plasma Treatment and Acid Blanching Improves the Quality of Fresh Carrot Juice (Daucus carota L.)

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2020

The study was aimed to investigate the combined effect of acid blanching (AB) and high-voltage el... more The study was aimed to investigate the combined effect of acid blanching (AB) and high-voltage electric field cold plasma (HVCP) on carrot juice quality. Before juice extraction, carrots were separated into three parts: control, blanched (100 °C for 5 min) with non-acidified water, and blanched with acidified water (35 g/L citric acid at pH 1.34). Carrot juice was then subjected to dielectric barrier discharge at 80 kV for 4 min. Results indicated that AB treatment significantly influenced the efficiency of HVCP. AB-HVCP resulted in antimicrobial synergism, which is an outcome of acidified NO2-, H2O2, O-, and peroxynitrites (ONOO-) or its precursor OH/NO2, along with other species. In addition, plasma treatment also promotes the accumulation of coloring compounds, chlorogenic acid, and sugar contents by surface erosion of the epidermal layer, cis isomerization, rupturing of phenol-sugar and phenolic-cell matrix bonds, and depolymerized long-chain polysaccharides by cleavage of the glycoside bond. Therefore, AB-HVCP is a potential emerging hurdle strategy for fresh produce.

Sequential Application of High-Voltage Electric Field Cold Plasma Treatment and Acid Blanching Improves the Quality of Fresh Carrot Juice (Daucus carota L.)

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2020

The study was aimed to investigate the combined effect of acid blanching (AB) and high-voltage el... more The study was aimed to investigate the combined effect of acid blanching (AB) and high-voltage electric field cold plasma (HVCP) on carrot juice quality. Before juice extraction, carrots were separated into three parts: control, blanched (100 °C for 5 min) with non-acidified water, and blanched with acidified water (35 g/L citric acid at pH 1.34). Carrot juice was then subjected to dielectric barrier discharge at 80 kV for 4 min. Results indicated that AB treatment significantly influenced the efficiency of HVCP. AB-HVCP resulted in antimicrobial synergism, which is an outcome of acidified NO2-, H2O2, O-, and peroxynitrites (ONOO-) or its precursor OH/NO2, along with other species. In addition, plasma treatment also promotes the accumulation of coloring compounds, chlorogenic acid, and sugar contents by surface erosion of the epidermal layer, cis isomerization, rupturing of phenol-sugar and phenolic-cell matrix bonds, and depolymerized long-chain polysaccharides by cleavage of the glycoside bond. Therefore, AB-HVCP is a potential emerging hurdle strategy for fresh produce.

Transformation of Methyl Linoleate to its Conjugated Derivatives with Simple Pd(OAc)2/Lewis Acid Catalyst

Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 2017

Efficient Bimetallic Catalysis of Nitrile Hydration to Amides with a Simple Pd(OAc)2 /Lewis Acid Catalyst at Ambient Temperature

European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2017

Transition metal-catalyzed nitrile hydration is an atomic economic method for the synthesis of ve... more Transition metal-catalyzed nitrile hydration is an atomic economic method for the synthesis of versatile amides. This work demonstrates the first example of that adding non-redox metal ions like Sc 3+ can dramatically accelerate the hydration of versatile nitriles to amides at ambient temperature with simple Pd(OAc)2 salt as the catalyst, whereas Pd(OAc)2 alone is very sluggish for this reaction. Formation of heterobimetallic Pd(II)/Sc(III) dimer was proposed as the key species for the hydration, demonstrating a bimetallic synergistic effect in this process.

Transformation of Unsaturated Fatty Acids/Esters to Corresponding Keto Fatty Acids/Esters by Aerobic Oxidation with Pd(II)/Lewis Acid Catalyst

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2017

Utilization of renewable biomass to partly replace the fossil resources in industrial application... more Utilization of renewable biomass to partly replace the fossil resources in industrial applications has attracted attention due to the limited fossil feedstock with the increased environmental concerns. This work introduced a modified Wacker-type oxidation for transformation of unsaturated fatty acids/esters to the corresponding keto fatty acids/esters, in which Cu 2+ cation was replaced with common non-redox metal ions, that is, a novel Pd(II)/Lewis acid (LA) catalyst. It was found that adding non-redox metal ions can effectively promote Pd(II)catalyzed oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids/esters to the corresponding keto fatty acids/esters, even much better than Cu 2+ , and the promotional effect is highly dependent on the Lewis acidity of added non-redox metal ions. The improved catalytic efficiency is attributed to the formation of hetero-bimetallic Pd(II)/LA species, and the oxidation mechanism of this Pd(II)/LA catalyst is also briefly discussed.

Nonredox Metal-Ion-Accelerated Olefin Isomerization by Palladium(II) Catalysts: Density Functional Theory (DFT) Calculations Supporting the Experimental Data

ACS Catalysis, 2016

Redox metal-ion-catalyzed olefin isomerization represents one of the important chemical processes... more Redox metal-ion-catalyzed olefin isomerization represents one of the important chemical processes. This work illustrates that nonredox metal ions can sharply accelerate Pd(II)-catalyzed olefin isomerization, while Pd(II) alone is very sluggish. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and ultraviolet−visible light (UV-vis) characterizations disclosed that the acceleration effect originates from the formation of heterobimetallic Pd(II) species with added nonredox metal ions, which improves the C−H activation capability of the Pd(II) moiety. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further confirmed the sharp decrease of the energy barrier in C−H activation by the heterobimetallic Pd(II)/Al(III) species.

Nonredox Metal-Ion-Accelerated Olefin Isomerization by Palladium(II) Catalysts: Density Functional Theory (DFT) Calculations Supporting the Experimental Data

ACS Catalysis, 2016

Redox metal-ion-catalyzed olefin isomerization represents one of the important chemical processes... more Redox metal-ion-catalyzed olefin isomerization represents one of the important chemical processes. This work illustrates that nonredox metal ions can sharply accelerate Pd(II)-catalyzed olefin isomerization, while Pd(II) alone is very sluggish. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and ultraviolet−visible light (UV-vis) characterizations disclosed that the acceleration effect originates from the formation of heterobimetallic Pd(II) species with added nonredox metal ions, which improves the C−H activation capability of the Pd(II) moiety. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further confirmed the sharp decrease of the energy barrier in C−H activation by the heterobimetallic Pd(II)/Al(III) species.

Transformation of Methyl Linoleate to its Conjugated Derivatives with Simple Pd(OAc) 2 /Lewis Acid Catalyst

With the rapid depletion of fossil resources, the exploitation of biomass to partly replace fossi... more With the rapid depletion of fossil resources, the exploitation of biomass to partly replace fossil resources as the source of carbon in the chemical industry constitutes a promising alternative for the near future. This work introduces catalytic transformation of vegetable oil, i.e., methyl linoleate, to its conjugated esters by a simple Pd(OAc)2/Sc(OTf)3 catalyst, which has extensive applications in industry. It was found that adding non-redox metal ions like Sc(III) to a simple Pd(OAc)2 catalyst can effectively improve its isomerization activity in toluene/t-BuOH solvent, whereas Pd(OAc)2 alone is inactive. Preliminary mechanistic investigations together with previous studies suggested that the in situ-generated heterobimetallic Pd(II)/Sc(III) dimer serves as the key species for methyl linoleate isomerization, and the reaction proceeds by [1,3]-hydrogen shift mechanism involving a formal Pd(II)/Pd(IV) cycle.

The influence of corporate governance characteristics on profitability of Indian firms: An empirical investigation of firms listed on Bombay Stock Exchange

Business Perspectives, 2021

This article aims to empirically examine corporate governance features and their association with... more This article aims to empirically examine corporate governance features and their association with Indian listed companies’ profitability. Thirty-three listed firms are selected from the top 100 companies in India. Corporate governance is defined by two parts: board of directors (size, structure, diligence) and audit committee (size, structure, diligence). In contrast, the profitability of Indian listed firms is calculated by two indicators: return on assets (ROA) and earnings per share (EPS). The outcomes concerning ROA reveal that board diligence, size of audit committee, audit committee composition, diligence of audit committee, and size of a company has a significant relationship with ROA. In contrast, board size and board composition have an insignificant association with ROA. Concerning earnings per share (EPS) model, the results show that size of audit committee, audit committee composition, diligence of audit committee, and firm size have a significant relationship with EPS. ...

Swine influenza H1N1 virus induces acute inflammatory immune responses in pig lungs: a potential animal model for human H1N1 influenza virus

Journal of virology, Nov 1, 2010

Pigs are capable of generating reassortant influenza viruses of pandemic potential, as both the a... more Pigs are capable of generating reassortant influenza viruses of pandemic potential, as both the avian and mammalian influenza viruses can infect pig epithelial cells in the respiratory tract. The source of the current influenza pandemic is H1N1 influenza A virus, possibly of swine origin. This study was conducted to understand better the pathogenesis of H1N1 influenza virus and associated host mucosal immune responses during acute infection in humans. Therefore, we chose a H1N1 swine influenza virus, Sw/ ...

10 Internationales Marketing-Controlling

Pharmacotherapeutics of SARS-CoV-2 Infections

Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected more than 38 million people worldwide by person to person tran... more The COVID-19 pandemic has affected more than 38 million people worldwide by person to person transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Therapeutic and preventative strategies for SARS-CoV-2 remains a significant challenge. Within the past several months, effective treatment options have emerged and now include repurposed antivirals, corticosteroids and virus-specific antibodies. The latter has included convalescence plasma and monoclonal antibodies. Complete viral eradication will be achieved through an effective, safe and preventative vaccine. To now provide a comprehensive summary for each of the pharmacotherapeutics and preventative strategies being offered or soon to be developed for SARS-CoV-2.

Biocatalytic Potential of Enzymes Involved the Modification of Glucosamine in Chemotherapeutical Intermediates Synthesis

Journal of Food Chemistry & Nanotechnology, 2021

The enzymatic modification of glucosamine (GlcN) and its derivatives have a keen interest for res... more The enzymatic modification of glucosamine (GlcN) and its derivatives have a keen interest for researchers due to the natural abundance of its bio-sourced such as chitin. The recent progress for understanding the role of glucosamine based on various novel approaches for enzymatic synthesis in the field of medicinal chemistry and food supplements. These developments led to improve chemo-selective protection and/or deprotection of amino-sugar during chainenhancement and allow the simultaneous regioselective reaction of functionally relevant acetyl, phosphate, or sulfate groups. In this review, we give an overview of current strategies on the synthesis of therapeutically relevant glucosaminecontaining derivatives.

The influence of corporate governance characteristics on profitability of Indian firms: An empirical investigation of firms listed on Bombay Stock Exchange

Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 2021

This article aims to empirically examine corporate governance features and their association with... more This article aims to empirically examine corporate governance features and their association with Indian listed companies’ profitability. Thirty-three listed firms are selected from the top 100 companies in India. Corporate governance is defined by two parts: board of directors (size, structure, diligence) and audit committee (size, structure, diligence). In contrast, the profitability of Indian listed firms is calculated by two indicators: return on assets (ROA) and earnings per share (EPS). The outcomes concerning ROA reveal that board diligence, size of audit committee, audit committee composition, diligence of audit committee, and size of a company has a significant relationship with ROA. In contrast, board size and board composition have an insignificant association with ROA. Concerning earnings per share (EPS) model, the results show that size of audit committee, audit committee composition, diligence of audit committee, and firm size have a significant relationship with EPS. ...

Convenience of accounting education for the requirements of Saudi labour market: An empirical study

Management Science Letters, 2019

Saudi labour market is unique in nature due to a number of aspects. It provides a picture of incr... more Saudi labour market is unique in nature due to a number of aspects. It provides a picture of increasing job opportunity and, at the same time, higher level of youth unemployment. Like other countries, the employability of accounting graduates of Saudi Arabia is also subject to doubts. The present study assesses the convenience of accounting education for the unique requirements of Saudi labour market. The study collects data from 914 respondents from the three main stakeholdersstudents, faculty and accounting practitioners. The study finds that all the three stakeholders were of the opinion that the education was capable of meeting the unique requirements of the labour market in Saudi Arabia. A few suggestions are also presented, which would help improve the outcomes of the accounting programs and make the graduates employable.

Mesoporous Nano-Sized BiFeVOx.y Phases for Removal of Organic Dyes from Wastewaters by Visible Light Photocatalytic Degradation

Nanomaterials

With an increasing demand for industrial dyes in our daily lives, water conditions have become wo... more With an increasing demand for industrial dyes in our daily lives, water conditions have become worse. Recently, the removal of such environmentally hazardous pollutants from wastewaters through photocatalytic degradation has been drawing increased attention. Three mesoporous nanophases of BiFeVOx.y as (Bi2FeIIIV1−yO5.5−y) visible light photocatalysts were synthesized in this study using ethylene glycol-citrate sol-gel synthesis combined with microwave- assisted calcination. X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), FTIR spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM-EDS), nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectrophotometry (UV-Vis/DRS) were used to characterize the BiFeVOx.y photocatalysts. The visible light-induced photocatalytic activities of the BiFeVOx.y phases were evaluated by the degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye in aqueous...

Additional file 1 of Efficient and selective catalytic hydroxylation of unsaturated plant oils: a novel method for producing anti-pathogens

Additional file 1. 1H and 13C NMR spectra for conjugated hydroxymethyl linoleate (CHML) and MALID... more Additional file 1. 1H and 13C NMR spectra for conjugated hydroxymethyl linoleate (CHML) and MALID-ToF spectrometry. Figure S1. The quantification products by 1H NMR Spectrum; Linoleic acid obtained as main product of ML hydroxylation with (Na2S2O8) alone as catalyst. Figure S2. 1H NMR spectrum of conjugated hydroxy methyl linoleate (isolated product 1). Figure S3. 1H NMR spectrum of conjugated hydroxy methyl linoleate CHML (Reaction Mixture). Figure S4. 1H NMR Spectrum of Saturated Ester. Figure S5. 1H NMR spectrum of original methyl linoleate. Figure S6. 13C NMR spectrum of isolated product in CDCl3 (after removal of the solvent MeCN/H2O). Figure S7. MALDITOF–mass spectroscopy employed for determining the mixture of conjugated hydroxy methyl linoleate CHML after reaction time 24 h.

Attenuation mechanisms of arsenic induced toxicity and its accumulation in plants by engineered nanoparticles: A review

Environmental Pollution, 2022

The excessive arsenic (As) accumulation in plant tissues enforced toxic impacts on growth indices... more The excessive arsenic (As) accumulation in plant tissues enforced toxic impacts on growth indices. So, the utilization of As-contaminated food leads to risks associated with human health. For the reduction of As concentrations in foods, it is obligatory to fully apprehend the take up, accretion, transportation and toxicity mechanisms of As within plant parts. This metalloid impairs the plant functions by disturbing the metabolic pathways at physio-biochemical, cellular and molecular levels. Though several approaches were utilized to reduce the As-accumulation and toxicity in soil-plant systems. Recently, engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) such a zinc oxide (ZnO), silicon dioxide or silica (SiO2), iron oxide (FeO) and copper oxide (CuO) have emerged new technology to reduce the As-accumulation or phytotoxicity. But, the mechanistic approaches with systematic explanation are missing. By knowing these facts, our prime focus was to disclose the mechanisms behind the As toxicity and its mitigation by ENPs in higher plants. ENPs relives As toxicity and its oxidative damages by regulating the transporter or defense genes, modifying the cell wall composition, stimulating the antioxidants defense, phytochelatins biosynthesis, nutrients uptake, regulating the metabolic processes, growth improvement, and thus reduction in As-accumulation or toxicity. Yet, As-detoxification by ENPs depends upon the type and dose of ENPs or As, exposure method, plant species and experimental conditions. We have discussed the recent advances and highlight the knowledge or research gaps in earlier studies along with recommendations. This review may help scientific community to develop strategies such as applications of nano-based fertilizers to limit the As-accumulation and toxicity, thus healthy food production. These outcomes may govern sustainable application of ENPs in agriculture.

LC‐ESI‐QTOF/MS characterization of antimicrobial compounds with their action mode extracted from vine tea ( Ampelopsis grossedentata ) leaves

Food Science & Nutrition, 2022

Vine tea (Ampelopsis grossedentata) is a tea plant cultivated south of the Chinese Yangtze River.... more Vine tea (Ampelopsis grossedentata) is a tea plant cultivated south of the Chinese Yangtze River. It has anti-inflammatory properties and is used to normalize blood circulation and detoxification. The leaves of vine tea are the most abundant source of flavonoids, such as dihydromyricetin and myricetin. However, as the main bioactive flavonoid in vine tea, dihydromyricetin was the main focus of previous research. This study aimed to explore the antibacterial activities of vine tea against selected foodborne pathogens. The antimicrobial activity of vine tea extract was evaluated by the agar well diffusion method. Cell membrane integrity and bactericidal kinetics, along with physical damage to the cell membrane, were also observed. The extract was analyzed using a high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD), and the results were confirmed using a modified version of a previously published method that combined liquid chromatography and electrospray-ionized quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-QTOF/MS). Cell membrane integrity and bactericidal kinetics were determined by releasing intracellular material in suspension and monitoring it at 260 nm using an ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometer. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to detect morphological alterations and physical damage to the cell membrane. Six compounds were isolated successfully: (1) myricetin (C15H10O8), (2) myricetin 3-O-rhamnoside (C21H20O12), (3) 5,7,8,3,4-pentahydroxyisoflavone (C15H10O7), (4) dihydroquercetin (C15H12O7), (5) 6,8-dihydroxykaempferol (C15H10O8), and (6) ellagic acid glucoside (C20H16O13). Among these bioactive compounds, C15H10O7 was found to have vigorous antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus (AS11846) and Staphylococcus aureus (CMCCB26003). A dose-dependent bactericidal kinetics with a higher degree of absorbance at optical density 260 (OD260) was observed when the bacterial suspension was incubated with C15H10O7 for 8 h. Furthermore, a scanning electron microscope study revealed physical damage to the cell membrane. In addition, the action mode of C15H10O7 was on the cell wall of the target microorganism. Together, these results suggest that C15H10O7 has vigorous antimicrobial activity and can be used as a potent antimicrobial agent in the food processing industry.

Efficient and selective catalytic hydroxylation of unsaturated plant oils: a novel method for producing anti-pathogens

BMC Chemistry, 2021

With the increasing demand for antimicrobial agents and the spread of antibiotic resistance in pa... more With the increasing demand for antimicrobial agents and the spread of antibiotic resistance in pathogens, the exploitation of plant oils to partly replace antibiotic emerges as an important source of fine chemicals, functional food utility and pharmaceutical industries. This work introduces a novel catalytic method of plant oils hydroxylation by Fe(III) citrate monohydrate (Fe3+-cit.)/Na2S2O8 catalyst. Methyl (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate (ML) was selected as an example of vegetable oils hydroxylation to its hydroxy-conjugated derivatives (CHML) in the presence of a new complex of Fe(II)-species. Methyl 9,12-di-hydroxyoctadecanoate 1, methyl-9-hydroxyoctadecanoate 2 and methyl (10E,12E)-octadecanoate 3 mixtures is produced under optimized condition with oxygen balloon. The specific hydroxylation activity was lower in the case of using Na2S2O8 alone as a catalyst. A chemical reaction has shown the main process converted of plantoils hydroxylation and (+ 16 Da) of OH- attached at the meth...

Sequential Application of High-Voltage Electric Field Cold Plasma Treatment and Acid Blanching Improves the Quality of Fresh Carrot Juice (Daucus carota L.)

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2020

The study was aimed to investigate the combined effect of acid blanching (AB) and high-voltage el... more The study was aimed to investigate the combined effect of acid blanching (AB) and high-voltage electric field cold plasma (HVCP) on carrot juice quality. Before juice extraction, carrots were separated into three parts: control, blanched (100 °C for 5 min) with non-acidified water, and blanched with acidified water (35 g/L citric acid at pH 1.34). Carrot juice was then subjected to dielectric barrier discharge at 80 kV for 4 min. Results indicated that AB treatment significantly influenced the efficiency of HVCP. AB-HVCP resulted in antimicrobial synergism, which is an outcome of acidified NO2-, H2O2, O-, and peroxynitrites (ONOO-) or its precursor OH/NO2, along with other species. In addition, plasma treatment also promotes the accumulation of coloring compounds, chlorogenic acid, and sugar contents by surface erosion of the epidermal layer, cis isomerization, rupturing of phenol-sugar and phenolic-cell matrix bonds, and depolymerized long-chain polysaccharides by cleavage of the glycoside bond. Therefore, AB-HVCP is a potential emerging hurdle strategy for fresh produce.

Sequential Application of High-Voltage Electric Field Cold Plasma Treatment and Acid Blanching Improves the Quality of Fresh Carrot Juice (Daucus carota L.)

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2020

The study was aimed to investigate the combined effect of acid blanching (AB) and high-voltage el... more The study was aimed to investigate the combined effect of acid blanching (AB) and high-voltage electric field cold plasma (HVCP) on carrot juice quality. Before juice extraction, carrots were separated into three parts: control, blanched (100 °C for 5 min) with non-acidified water, and blanched with acidified water (35 g/L citric acid at pH 1.34). Carrot juice was then subjected to dielectric barrier discharge at 80 kV for 4 min. Results indicated that AB treatment significantly influenced the efficiency of HVCP. AB-HVCP resulted in antimicrobial synergism, which is an outcome of acidified NO2-, H2O2, O-, and peroxynitrites (ONOO-) or its precursor OH/NO2, along with other species. In addition, plasma treatment also promotes the accumulation of coloring compounds, chlorogenic acid, and sugar contents by surface erosion of the epidermal layer, cis isomerization, rupturing of phenol-sugar and phenolic-cell matrix bonds, and depolymerized long-chain polysaccharides by cleavage of the glycoside bond. Therefore, AB-HVCP is a potential emerging hurdle strategy for fresh produce.

Transformation of Methyl Linoleate to its Conjugated Derivatives with Simple Pd(OAc)2/Lewis Acid Catalyst

Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 2017

Efficient Bimetallic Catalysis of Nitrile Hydration to Amides with a Simple Pd(OAc)2 /Lewis Acid Catalyst at Ambient Temperature

European Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2017

Transition metal-catalyzed nitrile hydration is an atomic economic method for the synthesis of ve... more Transition metal-catalyzed nitrile hydration is an atomic economic method for the synthesis of versatile amides. This work demonstrates the first example of that adding non-redox metal ions like Sc 3+ can dramatically accelerate the hydration of versatile nitriles to amides at ambient temperature with simple Pd(OAc)2 salt as the catalyst, whereas Pd(OAc)2 alone is very sluggish for this reaction. Formation of heterobimetallic Pd(II)/Sc(III) dimer was proposed as the key species for the hydration, demonstrating a bimetallic synergistic effect in this process.

Transformation of Unsaturated Fatty Acids/Esters to Corresponding Keto Fatty Acids/Esters by Aerobic Oxidation with Pd(II)/Lewis Acid Catalyst

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2017

Utilization of renewable biomass to partly replace the fossil resources in industrial application... more Utilization of renewable biomass to partly replace the fossil resources in industrial applications has attracted attention due to the limited fossil feedstock with the increased environmental concerns. This work introduced a modified Wacker-type oxidation for transformation of unsaturated fatty acids/esters to the corresponding keto fatty acids/esters, in which Cu 2+ cation was replaced with common non-redox metal ions, that is, a novel Pd(II)/Lewis acid (LA) catalyst. It was found that adding non-redox metal ions can effectively promote Pd(II)catalyzed oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids/esters to the corresponding keto fatty acids/esters, even much better than Cu 2+ , and the promotional effect is highly dependent on the Lewis acidity of added non-redox metal ions. The improved catalytic efficiency is attributed to the formation of hetero-bimetallic Pd(II)/LA species, and the oxidation mechanism of this Pd(II)/LA catalyst is also briefly discussed.

Nonredox Metal-Ion-Accelerated Olefin Isomerization by Palladium(II) Catalysts: Density Functional Theory (DFT) Calculations Supporting the Experimental Data

ACS Catalysis, 2016

Redox metal-ion-catalyzed olefin isomerization represents one of the important chemical processes... more Redox metal-ion-catalyzed olefin isomerization represents one of the important chemical processes. This work illustrates that nonredox metal ions can sharply accelerate Pd(II)-catalyzed olefin isomerization, while Pd(II) alone is very sluggish. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and ultraviolet−visible light (UV-vis) characterizations disclosed that the acceleration effect originates from the formation of heterobimetallic Pd(II) species with added nonredox metal ions, which improves the C−H activation capability of the Pd(II) moiety. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further confirmed the sharp decrease of the energy barrier in C−H activation by the heterobimetallic Pd(II)/Al(III) species.

Nonredox Metal-Ion-Accelerated Olefin Isomerization by Palladium(II) Catalysts: Density Functional Theory (DFT) Calculations Supporting the Experimental Data

ACS Catalysis, 2016

Redox metal-ion-catalyzed olefin isomerization represents one of the important chemical processes... more Redox metal-ion-catalyzed olefin isomerization represents one of the important chemical processes. This work illustrates that nonredox metal ions can sharply accelerate Pd(II)-catalyzed olefin isomerization, while Pd(II) alone is very sluggish. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and ultraviolet−visible light (UV-vis) characterizations disclosed that the acceleration effect originates from the formation of heterobimetallic Pd(II) species with added nonredox metal ions, which improves the C−H activation capability of the Pd(II) moiety. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further confirmed the sharp decrease of the energy barrier in C−H activation by the heterobimetallic Pd(II)/Al(III) species.

Transformation of Methyl Linoleate to its Conjugated Derivatives with Simple Pd(OAc) 2 /Lewis Acid Catalyst

With the rapid depletion of fossil resources, the exploitation of biomass to partly replace fossi... more With the rapid depletion of fossil resources, the exploitation of biomass to partly replace fossil resources as the source of carbon in the chemical industry constitutes a promising alternative for the near future. This work introduces catalytic transformation of vegetable oil, i.e., methyl linoleate, to its conjugated esters by a simple Pd(OAc)2/Sc(OTf)3 catalyst, which has extensive applications in industry. It was found that adding non-redox metal ions like Sc(III) to a simple Pd(OAc)2 catalyst can effectively improve its isomerization activity in toluene/t-BuOH solvent, whereas Pd(OAc)2 alone is inactive. Preliminary mechanistic investigations together with previous studies suggested that the in situ-generated heterobimetallic Pd(II)/Sc(III) dimer serves as the key species for methyl linoleate isomerization, and the reaction proceeds by [1,3]-hydrogen shift mechanism involving a formal Pd(II)/Pd(IV) cycle.

The influence of corporate governance characteristics on profitability of Indian firms: An empirical investigation of firms listed on Bombay Stock Exchange

Business Perspectives, 2021

This article aims to empirically examine corporate governance features and their association with... more This article aims to empirically examine corporate governance features and their association with Indian listed companies’ profitability. Thirty-three listed firms are selected from the top 100 companies in India. Corporate governance is defined by two parts: board of directors (size, structure, diligence) and audit committee (size, structure, diligence). In contrast, the profitability of Indian listed firms is calculated by two indicators: return on assets (ROA) and earnings per share (EPS). The outcomes concerning ROA reveal that board diligence, size of audit committee, audit committee composition, diligence of audit committee, and size of a company has a significant relationship with ROA. In contrast, board size and board composition have an insignificant association with ROA. Concerning earnings per share (EPS) model, the results show that size of audit committee, audit committee composition, diligence of audit committee, and firm size have a significant relationship with EPS. ...

Swine influenza H1N1 virus induces acute inflammatory immune responses in pig lungs: a potential animal model for human H1N1 influenza virus

Journal of virology, Nov 1, 2010

Pigs are capable of generating reassortant influenza viruses of pandemic potential, as both the a... more Pigs are capable of generating reassortant influenza viruses of pandemic potential, as both the avian and mammalian influenza viruses can infect pig epithelial cells in the respiratory tract. The source of the current influenza pandemic is H1N1 influenza A virus, possibly of swine origin. This study was conducted to understand better the pathogenesis of H1N1 influenza virus and associated host mucosal immune responses during acute infection in humans. Therefore, we chose a H1N1 swine influenza virus, Sw/ ...