Abstract Nowadays, the piezoelectric transduction mechanism has a great concern to be used in the... more Abstract Nowadays, the piezoelectric transduction mechanism has a great concern to be used in the (micro-electromechanical systems) MEMS microphones. In piezoelectric microphones, the thickness, length, width of the piezoelectric and electrode materials are key parameters that need to be optimized in the design loop. The sensitivity is also another vital design factor for MEMS microphones. One common scenario in modeling the sensitivity is to build an electrical equivalent model from lumped components in any simulator. This approach generally requires specialist design expertise and substantial time to build a complete equivalent model. In this paper, a powerful simulation platform to design high-performance cantilever piezoelectric MEMS microphones with sensitivity estimation has been presented. This simulation platform, called MEMS microphone optimizer platform (MMOP), can predict a wide range of key issues related to the successful design of a MEMS Microphone such as the optimum values of piezoelectric material thickness, electrode material thickness, and the length of a cantilever. MMOP offers also the capability to simulate sensitivity directly from the input parameters of the designed model. To validate the proposed simulation platform, a real model of a cantilever MEMS microphone has been studied. In the performed simulations and analysis, sweeping dimensions in micrometer have been considered to predict the best performance. In the proposed model, Aluminum nitride (AlN) and molybdenum (Mo) were utilized as the piezoelectric material and electrode materials, respectively. A high agreement has been found between the theoretical results and the output of the MMOP platform. The platform opens the door for a fast optimized design with accurate results. Finally, MMOP enables a designer to simulate key issues that are specific to cantilever MEMS microphones, including optimized thickness values and predicted sensitivity.
Oxidation reactions are very important in nature and are regarded as key transformations in organ... more Oxidation reactions are very important in nature and are regarded as key transformations in organic synthesis. Also, the study of carbohydrates is one of the most exciting fields of organic chemistry. The biological and economic importance of carbohydrates is responsible for the great interest in the study of their biochemical and physicochemical properties. The oxidation of carbohydrates is an important way in which new compounds and materials with interesting properties can be provided. Among these carbohydrates, naturally occurring pectate polysaccharide is very attractive. Pectate is a copolymer of poly(1,4-α-D-galacturonate) water-soluble substance [1]. Pectate may form physical gels under specific conditions, and their functional groups (–OH and –COO) also allow different chemical and physical modifications. Bearing in mind their gelling ability, stabilizing properties and high viscosity in aqueous solutions, pectate and its derivatives are widely used in food [2,3], cosmetics...
A well-known and fundamental property of graphs is Hamiltonicity. A connected graph is Hamiltonia... more A well-known and fundamental property of graphs is Hamiltonicity. A connected graph is Hamiltonian if it contains a spanning cycle. Determining if a graph is Hamiltonian is known as a NP-complete problem and no satisfactory characterization exists. Nevertheless, many sufficient conditions for Hamiltonicity were found, usually expressed in terms of degree, connectivity, density, toughness, independent set, regularity and forbidden subgraphs. In [20], Goodman and Hedetniemi gave two alternative sufficient conditions based on the existence of some type of clique-covering of the graph. In [13] one of these conditions is generalized using the notion of eulerian clique-covering. A polynomial algorithm to decide the existence of such a covering for every graph containing at least one simplicial vertex is also given in [12]. Now, several Hamiltonicity preserving closure concepts for claw-free graphs were defined recently in [25, 15]. The closure of the graph is Hamiltonian if and only if th...
The world nowadays is trying to find alternative approaches to be used in manufacturing instead o... more The world nowadays is trying to find alternative approaches to be used in manufacturing instead of consuming raw materials. Using recycled aggregates in new concrete is one of these effective approaches, which in turn reduces the quantity of waste and reduces the required landfills. In this present work, an attempt was made to study the effect of using recycled aggregates as an alternative to raw aggregates in pervious concrete with different levels (0 %, 25 %, 50 %, 75 % and 100 %), in addition to the impact of adding 5 % and 10 % of silica fume as a replacement of cement weight on the pervious recycled aggregate concrete properties. The concerned properties are as follows: fresh and hardened density, fresh and hardened voids content, water permeability, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural tensile strength, and potential resistance to degradation of the pervious concrete. Additionally, relations between water permeability and other parameters of the pervious concrete were deduced. Experimental results generally showed that by increasing the recycled aggregates' percentages, there was a consequent deterioration in concrete properties. Whereas, the addition of silica fume enhanced the mechanical properties. It was observed that the addition of 5 % silica fume to concrete with 50 % recycled aggregate was subsequently accompanied by 4.2 % and 5.5 % increase in the fresh and hardened pervious concrete density, respectively, while a 17.5 %, 11.7 % and 17.2 % decrease in the hardened concrete voids content, concrete permeability and concrete degradation, respectively. Regarding the strength parameters, the pervious concrete's 28 days compressive strength, 28 days splitting tensile strength and flexural tensile strength increased by 100 %, 20 % and 20.3 %, respectively, As follows, the addition of silica fume significantly improves the mechanical properties of the pervious concrete, with a slight decrease in the permeability parameters.
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2020
AIM: Investigation of the aging effect on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of bulk-fill resi... more AIM: Investigation of the aging effect on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of bulk-fill resin composite (RC) versus a conventionally incrementally applied one. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total number of 45 sound human impacted third molars extracted molars have been selected to prepare specimens for the μTBS test. Teeth were randomly divided into three groups (C) according to type of RC material which used for restoring the teeth. Where nanohybrid RC (Grandio®SO) was used as the control Group (C1), packable bulk-fill RC (X-tra fil®) was used for restoring teeth in C2 group and flowable bulk-fill RC (X-tra base®) was used for restoring teeth in C3 group. Each group was further subdivided into 3 subgroups (n = 5) according to the water storage time, where in subgroup 1; teeth were stored for 24 h, subgroup 2; teeth were stored for 3 months while for subgroup 3; and teeth were stored for 6 months. After water storage, teeth were sectioned for preparation of μTBS testing beams. Maxim...
Autosomal recessive spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is, after cystic fibrosis, the second most comm... more Autosomal recessive spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is, after cystic fibrosis, the second most common fatal monogenic disorder. Depending on the clinical type, SMA causes early death or increasing disability in childhood. Here, we report a three month old Saudi girl presented with a history of coughing and respiratory distress who had previous admissions due to pneumonia. There was a positive family history of sibling death, at age 2 years, due to SMA. Genetically, we found homozygous deletions of the Survival Motor Neuron (SMN1) gene exons 7 and 8 using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. Thus, confirming this case clinical diagnosis with presumed SMA type I. DNA testing of patients, in whom SMA is suspected, is a highly reliable, fast, and noninvasive method. The ability to detect homozygous gene deletions in a high percentage of typical SMA patients will much improve genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis in affected families.
Genome Engineering | www.smgebooks.com Copyright Fawzy A.This book chapter is open access distr... more Genome Engineering | www.smgebooks.com Copyright Fawzy A.This book chapter is open access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited. Antisense Oligonucleotide Tool in Therapy for Polyglutamine Neurodegenerative Disorders
Introduction: Food allergies (FA) have been increasing dramatically over the past 25 years and th... more Introduction: Food allergies (FA) have been increasing dramatically over the past 25 years and the peanut allergy has been noticed more likely for a half-decade as well. The prevalence of FA in children was found to be 10%, which is high compared with adults. Limited periodic reports are available of numerous food allergic reactions in children. Complete exome sequencing in this context had an opportunity to investigate Saudi children diagnosed with FA. However, the genetic mechanisms and their factors underlying FA are largely not recognized. Three non-familial cases were arbitrarily selected along with three matching control children. Results: A total of 26 mutations were documented from the six samples; 20 mutations were confirmed through FA cases and 6 from control children. There are four mutations, namely rs35364374, rs2293404, rs9657362 and rs757387978, which had not been associated with FA in any prior study with children. This mutation was appearing in both the cases and co...
The anticorrosion characteristics of sulfachloropyridazine (SCP) as an eco-friendly inhibitor for... more The anticorrosion characteristics of sulfachloropyridazine (SCP) as an eco-friendly inhibitor for the corrosion of mild steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution has been studied, for the first time, using potentiodynamic measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The possible synergistic effect of halide ions on the inhibitive effect of SCP has been investigated. Thermodynamic calculations indicated that SCP adsorption on steel surface obeyed Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Electrochemical measurements showed that the SCP acted mainly as an anodic inhibitor. Halides significantly promoted the inhibition performance of SCP through the pre-adsorption on the electrode surface which is positively charged under the present conditions.
2019 6th International Conference on Advanced Control Circuits and Systems (ACCS) & 2019 5th International Conference on New Paradigms in Electronics & information Technology (PEIT), 2019
Piezoelectric thin film (PTF) materials present a number of unique properties in different applic... more Piezoelectric thin film (PTF) materials present a number of unique properties in different applications, such as high sensitivity for micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) microphones, and a wide dynamic range, wide displacement and low power consumption for MEMS speakers. Generation and detection of acoustic vibration can be made by piezoelectric devices which use the effects of direct piezoelectricity and inverse piezoelectricity. This paper covers popular PTFs and their applications for acoustic MEMS: lead zirconate titanate (PZT) based thin films and lead free PTFs such as aluminum nitride (AIN), zinc oxide (ZnO) and scandium doped aluminum nitride (ScAIN). The design, vibration mode, and fabrication will determine the frequency range of the acoustic MEMS devices. The performance and properties of PTF are the main parameter for certain MEMS applications are introduced. The main ideas of piezoelectric materials are reviewed and introduced for acoustic MEMS transducers.
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which... more This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
In this report, two chromotrope dyes, chromotropic acid (CA) and chromotrope 2R (CR), were explor... more In this report, two chromotrope dyes, chromotropic acid (CA) and chromotrope 2R (CR), were explored as inhibitors against mild steel corrosion in 1.0 M sulfuric acid solutions at 303 K. Electrochemical, spectroscopic, chemical, and microscopic techniques, namely, potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, mass loss, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), have been employed to evaluate the inhibition efficiencies (%IEs) of the examined organic dyes. The %IEs were found to increase with the inhibitors' concentrations, while they decreased with rising temperature. The outcomes of the PDP technique displayed that the examined inhibitors operated as mixed-type inhibitors with anodic prevalence. The impedance spectra described by Nyquist and Bode graphs in the corrosive environment and in the presence of various concentrations of the examined inhibitors showed single depressed capacitive loops and one-time constants. This behavior signified that the mild steel corrosion was managed by the charge transfer process. The SEM micrographs of the surfaces of mild steel samples after adding the examined inhibitors revealed a wide coverage of these compounds on the steel surfaces. Thus, the acquired high %IEs of the examined inhibitors were interpreted by strong adsorption of the organic molecules on the mild steel surface. This constructed a shielding layer separating the alloy surface from the corrosive medium, and such adsorption was found to follow the Langmuir isotherm. Furthermore, the evaluated thermodynamic and kinetic parameters supported that the nature of such adsorption was mainly physical. Results obtained from all employed techniques were consistent with each other and revealed that the %IE of the CR inhibitor was slightly higher than that of CA under similar circumstances. Finally, the mechanisms of both corrosion of mild steel in sulfuric acid solutions and its inhibition by the tested organic dyes were also discussed.
Objective This study aimed to investigate the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), microleakage, an... more Objective This study aimed to investigate the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), microleakage, and antibacterial effect of bulk fill resin composite with alkaline fillers (alkasite) (alkaline fillers such as barium aluminum silicate glass and ytterbium trifluoride) in comparison to incremental nanohybrid resin composite. Materials and Methods µTBS was evaluated by using 30 human mandibular molars. Teeth were randomly divided into three groups (C): nanohybrid resin composite (C0), self-cured alkasite (C1), and dual-cured alkasite (C2). Each group was subdivided into two subgroups according to the bulk thickness: 4 mm (T1) and 6 mm (T2). The occlusal enamel of teeth was removed and the resin composite was applied to a flat dentin surface. Then, teeth were sectioned into beams to be tested under tension. For microleakage testing, mesio-occlusal class II cavities were prepared in 15 molars and divided into three groups as mentioned before. Following this, cavities were restored, thermoc...
This in-vitro study compared the Micro Shear bond strength of different adhesive systems to prepa... more This in-vitro study compared the Micro Shear bond strength of different adhesive systems to prepared specimens of sound, caries affected and sclerotic dentin. Materials and methods: A total of 90 freshly extracted human molar teeth were collected, 30 prepared for each type of dentin either sound, caries affected or sclerotic dentin. Every type of the prepared dentin groups was subdivided into five subgroups, each receive one of the tested adhesives (n=6). The teeth were embedded vertically in cylindrical Teflon mold of 2 cm height and 20 mm internal diameter using a chemically cured cross-linked acrylic resin, so as to have the full crown projecting above the surface of acrylic resin. Teeth were ground off using model trimmer with low speed and copious water coolant in direction perpendicular to the long axis of the tooth to expose the dentin surface. All the tested adhesive materials were applied on prepared dentin surface (Sound, carious, and sclerotic) together with resin composite material according to manufactures instructions. The prepared specimens were stored immediately in deionized water for 24 hours at 37°C before testing procedures. Micro shear bond strength (µSBS) was tested using the micro shear bond apparatus (DL200 Emic Sao Jose de Pinhas, PR, and Brazil). µSBS MPA= Shear force (N)/ cross sectional area (mm 2). Results: ANOVA was used for the effect of type of dentin and adhesive system used. Sound dentin showed the highest µSBS followed by carious dentin and at last came sclerotic dentin. For the adhesive system total etch showed the highest µSBS followed by two step self-etch with etch and rinse and two step self-etch and at last came one step self-etch with etch and rinse and one step self-etch. Conclusion: Total-etch adhesive revealed higher micro shear bond strength than self-etch adhesive irrespective of the type of dentin tested, in addition, the etch and rinse step improves micro shear bond strength of self-etch adhesive with different type of dentin.
A green, rapid, and efficient methodology is developed for the synthesis of 1-phenyl-3,5-pyrazoli... more A green, rapid, and efficient methodology is developed for the synthesis of 1-phenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione (3) by the reaction of malonic acid with phenyl hydrazine in the presence of phosphorous oxychloride under solvent-free conditions. The later compound 3 was used as a versatile precursor for green synthesis of chalcone derivatives (4a-h) and spiroheterocyclic compounds (5a-h) with good to excellent isolated yields. The chemical structures of the synthesized compounds were elucidated on the basis of elemental and spectral analyses.
Background: Dipeptidyl Peptidase I (DPPI) is one of the essential components which initiate chain... more Background: Dipeptidyl Peptidase I (DPPI) is one of the essential components which initiate chain reaction for triggering the inflammatory response mediated allergic diseases such as asthma. Previous studies have reported that several mutations have been detected within the dipeptidyl peptidase I gene (CTSC) cause Papillon-Lefévre syndrome. It has been suggested that a mutation in this gene could give protection against the inflammatory response in allergic diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate wither the polymorphism (rs217086 (T153I)) in the gene for DPPI may be protective in asthma. Methods: To examine possible associations of DPP1 polymorphism with asthma susceptibility, we performed this study. 341 families with at least two siblings with asthma were genotyped for a CTSC polymorphism using high resolution melting curve analysis. Genetic association analysis was analysed using family based association tests (FBAT) and resultant called genotypes were sequenced. Results: DNA sequence data confirmed all variant genotypes. Analysis by FBAT showed no significant association between this polymorphism and asthma susceptibility or with any of asthma-related phenotypes tested. Conclusions: Our data proved that DPPI does not contribute substantially to susceptibility for asthma. Further studies examining both genotypes and environmental factors will be necessary to elucidate the role of DPPI in the development of allergic diseases.
This paper describes a novel method for the removal of potassium tellurite (Te IV), a toxic tellu... more This paper describes a novel method for the removal of potassium tellurite (Te IV), a toxic tellurium (IV) compound, via its bioreduction using the drug flucloxacillin (Flx) in an aqueous sulfuric acid solution. The kinetics of the bioreduction process were monitored using UV-Vis absorption spectra at an ionic strength of 2.0 mol dm −3 and 298 K. The reaction between Te IV and Flx was set at a 1:1 stoichiometry. The reduction reaction followed first-order kinetics for [Flx] and fractional-first-order kinetics for [Te IV ] and [H + ]. The effects of ionic strength and relative permittivity of the reaction medium were also explored. Supplementation with divalent transition metal ions enhanced the reduction rate. The reaction products were identified, in order of their stoichiometric results, spot tests and FT-IR spectra as 3-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-5-methylisoxazol-4-carbocylic acid, 5,5-dimethyl-thiazolidine-2,4-dicarboxlic acid, ammonium ion, carbon dioxide and elemental tellurium (Te 0). The reaction rate dependence on temperature was studied, and the activation and thermodynamic parameters were assessed and discussed. The derived rate-law expression was found to be in excellent accordance with the acquired investigational outcomes. A conceivable reaction mechanism has been provided, which includes a reaction between the protonated flucloxacillin (Flx +) and tellurous acid (H 2 TeO 3) as the essential reactive species, resulting in the construction of an intermediate complex. Such complex decays in the rate-determining step to yield the final reaction products.
Abstract Nowadays, the piezoelectric transduction mechanism has a great concern to be used in the... more Abstract Nowadays, the piezoelectric transduction mechanism has a great concern to be used in the (micro-electromechanical systems) MEMS microphones. In piezoelectric microphones, the thickness, length, width of the piezoelectric and electrode materials are key parameters that need to be optimized in the design loop. The sensitivity is also another vital design factor for MEMS microphones. One common scenario in modeling the sensitivity is to build an electrical equivalent model from lumped components in any simulator. This approach generally requires specialist design expertise and substantial time to build a complete equivalent model. In this paper, a powerful simulation platform to design high-performance cantilever piezoelectric MEMS microphones with sensitivity estimation has been presented. This simulation platform, called MEMS microphone optimizer platform (MMOP), can predict a wide range of key issues related to the successful design of a MEMS Microphone such as the optimum values of piezoelectric material thickness, electrode material thickness, and the length of a cantilever. MMOP offers also the capability to simulate sensitivity directly from the input parameters of the designed model. To validate the proposed simulation platform, a real model of a cantilever MEMS microphone has been studied. In the performed simulations and analysis, sweeping dimensions in micrometer have been considered to predict the best performance. In the proposed model, Aluminum nitride (AlN) and molybdenum (Mo) were utilized as the piezoelectric material and electrode materials, respectively. A high agreement has been found between the theoretical results and the output of the MMOP platform. The platform opens the door for a fast optimized design with accurate results. Finally, MMOP enables a designer to simulate key issues that are specific to cantilever MEMS microphones, including optimized thickness values and predicted sensitivity.
Oxidation reactions are very important in nature and are regarded as key transformations in organ... more Oxidation reactions are very important in nature and are regarded as key transformations in organic synthesis. Also, the study of carbohydrates is one of the most exciting fields of organic chemistry. The biological and economic importance of carbohydrates is responsible for the great interest in the study of their biochemical and physicochemical properties. The oxidation of carbohydrates is an important way in which new compounds and materials with interesting properties can be provided. Among these carbohydrates, naturally occurring pectate polysaccharide is very attractive. Pectate is a copolymer of poly(1,4-α-D-galacturonate) water-soluble substance [1]. Pectate may form physical gels under specific conditions, and their functional groups (–OH and –COO) also allow different chemical and physical modifications. Bearing in mind their gelling ability, stabilizing properties and high viscosity in aqueous solutions, pectate and its derivatives are widely used in food [2,3], cosmetics...
A well-known and fundamental property of graphs is Hamiltonicity. A connected graph is Hamiltonia... more A well-known and fundamental property of graphs is Hamiltonicity. A connected graph is Hamiltonian if it contains a spanning cycle. Determining if a graph is Hamiltonian is known as a NP-complete problem and no satisfactory characterization exists. Nevertheless, many sufficient conditions for Hamiltonicity were found, usually expressed in terms of degree, connectivity, density, toughness, independent set, regularity and forbidden subgraphs. In [20], Goodman and Hedetniemi gave two alternative sufficient conditions based on the existence of some type of clique-covering of the graph. In [13] one of these conditions is generalized using the notion of eulerian clique-covering. A polynomial algorithm to decide the existence of such a covering for every graph containing at least one simplicial vertex is also given in [12]. Now, several Hamiltonicity preserving closure concepts for claw-free graphs were defined recently in [25, 15]. The closure of the graph is Hamiltonian if and only if th...
The world nowadays is trying to find alternative approaches to be used in manufacturing instead o... more The world nowadays is trying to find alternative approaches to be used in manufacturing instead of consuming raw materials. Using recycled aggregates in new concrete is one of these effective approaches, which in turn reduces the quantity of waste and reduces the required landfills. In this present work, an attempt was made to study the effect of using recycled aggregates as an alternative to raw aggregates in pervious concrete with different levels (0 %, 25 %, 50 %, 75 % and 100 %), in addition to the impact of adding 5 % and 10 % of silica fume as a replacement of cement weight on the pervious recycled aggregate concrete properties. The concerned properties are as follows: fresh and hardened density, fresh and hardened voids content, water permeability, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural tensile strength, and potential resistance to degradation of the pervious concrete. Additionally, relations between water permeability and other parameters of the pervious concrete were deduced. Experimental results generally showed that by increasing the recycled aggregates' percentages, there was a consequent deterioration in concrete properties. Whereas, the addition of silica fume enhanced the mechanical properties. It was observed that the addition of 5 % silica fume to concrete with 50 % recycled aggregate was subsequently accompanied by 4.2 % and 5.5 % increase in the fresh and hardened pervious concrete density, respectively, while a 17.5 %, 11.7 % and 17.2 % decrease in the hardened concrete voids content, concrete permeability and concrete degradation, respectively. Regarding the strength parameters, the pervious concrete's 28 days compressive strength, 28 days splitting tensile strength and flexural tensile strength increased by 100 %, 20 % and 20.3 %, respectively, As follows, the addition of silica fume significantly improves the mechanical properties of the pervious concrete, with a slight decrease in the permeability parameters.
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2020
AIM: Investigation of the aging effect on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of bulk-fill resi... more AIM: Investigation of the aging effect on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of bulk-fill resin composite (RC) versus a conventionally incrementally applied one. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total number of 45 sound human impacted third molars extracted molars have been selected to prepare specimens for the μTBS test. Teeth were randomly divided into three groups (C) according to type of RC material which used for restoring the teeth. Where nanohybrid RC (Grandio®SO) was used as the control Group (C1), packable bulk-fill RC (X-tra fil®) was used for restoring teeth in C2 group and flowable bulk-fill RC (X-tra base®) was used for restoring teeth in C3 group. Each group was further subdivided into 3 subgroups (n = 5) according to the water storage time, where in subgroup 1; teeth were stored for 24 h, subgroup 2; teeth were stored for 3 months while for subgroup 3; and teeth were stored for 6 months. After water storage, teeth were sectioned for preparation of μTBS testing beams. Maxim...
Autosomal recessive spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is, after cystic fibrosis, the second most comm... more Autosomal recessive spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is, after cystic fibrosis, the second most common fatal monogenic disorder. Depending on the clinical type, SMA causes early death or increasing disability in childhood. Here, we report a three month old Saudi girl presented with a history of coughing and respiratory distress who had previous admissions due to pneumonia. There was a positive family history of sibling death, at age 2 years, due to SMA. Genetically, we found homozygous deletions of the Survival Motor Neuron (SMN1) gene exons 7 and 8 using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. Thus, confirming this case clinical diagnosis with presumed SMA type I. DNA testing of patients, in whom SMA is suspected, is a highly reliable, fast, and noninvasive method. The ability to detect homozygous gene deletions in a high percentage of typical SMA patients will much improve genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis in affected families.
Genome Engineering | www.smgebooks.com Copyright Fawzy A.This book chapter is open access distr... more Genome Engineering | www.smgebooks.com Copyright Fawzy A.This book chapter is open access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited. Antisense Oligonucleotide Tool in Therapy for Polyglutamine Neurodegenerative Disorders
Introduction: Food allergies (FA) have been increasing dramatically over the past 25 years and th... more Introduction: Food allergies (FA) have been increasing dramatically over the past 25 years and the peanut allergy has been noticed more likely for a half-decade as well. The prevalence of FA in children was found to be 10%, which is high compared with adults. Limited periodic reports are available of numerous food allergic reactions in children. Complete exome sequencing in this context had an opportunity to investigate Saudi children diagnosed with FA. However, the genetic mechanisms and their factors underlying FA are largely not recognized. Three non-familial cases were arbitrarily selected along with three matching control children. Results: A total of 26 mutations were documented from the six samples; 20 mutations were confirmed through FA cases and 6 from control children. There are four mutations, namely rs35364374, rs2293404, rs9657362 and rs757387978, which had not been associated with FA in any prior study with children. This mutation was appearing in both the cases and co...
The anticorrosion characteristics of sulfachloropyridazine (SCP) as an eco-friendly inhibitor for... more The anticorrosion characteristics of sulfachloropyridazine (SCP) as an eco-friendly inhibitor for the corrosion of mild steel in 0.5 M H2SO4 solution has been studied, for the first time, using potentiodynamic measurements and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The possible synergistic effect of halide ions on the inhibitive effect of SCP has been investigated. Thermodynamic calculations indicated that SCP adsorption on steel surface obeyed Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Electrochemical measurements showed that the SCP acted mainly as an anodic inhibitor. Halides significantly promoted the inhibition performance of SCP through the pre-adsorption on the electrode surface which is positively charged under the present conditions.
2019 6th International Conference on Advanced Control Circuits and Systems (ACCS) & 2019 5th International Conference on New Paradigms in Electronics & information Technology (PEIT), 2019
Piezoelectric thin film (PTF) materials present a number of unique properties in different applic... more Piezoelectric thin film (PTF) materials present a number of unique properties in different applications, such as high sensitivity for micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) microphones, and a wide dynamic range, wide displacement and low power consumption for MEMS speakers. Generation and detection of acoustic vibration can be made by piezoelectric devices which use the effects of direct piezoelectricity and inverse piezoelectricity. This paper covers popular PTFs and their applications for acoustic MEMS: lead zirconate titanate (PZT) based thin films and lead free PTFs such as aluminum nitride (AIN), zinc oxide (ZnO) and scandium doped aluminum nitride (ScAIN). The design, vibration mode, and fabrication will determine the frequency range of the acoustic MEMS devices. The performance and properties of PTF are the main parameter for certain MEMS applications are introduced. The main ideas of piezoelectric materials are reviewed and introduced for acoustic MEMS transducers.
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which... more This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
In this report, two chromotrope dyes, chromotropic acid (CA) and chromotrope 2R (CR), were explor... more In this report, two chromotrope dyes, chromotropic acid (CA) and chromotrope 2R (CR), were explored as inhibitors against mild steel corrosion in 1.0 M sulfuric acid solutions at 303 K. Electrochemical, spectroscopic, chemical, and microscopic techniques, namely, potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, mass loss, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), have been employed to evaluate the inhibition efficiencies (%IEs) of the examined organic dyes. The %IEs were found to increase with the inhibitors' concentrations, while they decreased with rising temperature. The outcomes of the PDP technique displayed that the examined inhibitors operated as mixed-type inhibitors with anodic prevalence. The impedance spectra described by Nyquist and Bode graphs in the corrosive environment and in the presence of various concentrations of the examined inhibitors showed single depressed capacitive loops and one-time constants. This behavior signified that the mild steel corrosion was managed by the charge transfer process. The SEM micrographs of the surfaces of mild steel samples after adding the examined inhibitors revealed a wide coverage of these compounds on the steel surfaces. Thus, the acquired high %IEs of the examined inhibitors were interpreted by strong adsorption of the organic molecules on the mild steel surface. This constructed a shielding layer separating the alloy surface from the corrosive medium, and such adsorption was found to follow the Langmuir isotherm. Furthermore, the evaluated thermodynamic and kinetic parameters supported that the nature of such adsorption was mainly physical. Results obtained from all employed techniques were consistent with each other and revealed that the %IE of the CR inhibitor was slightly higher than that of CA under similar circumstances. Finally, the mechanisms of both corrosion of mild steel in sulfuric acid solutions and its inhibition by the tested organic dyes were also discussed.
Objective This study aimed to investigate the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), microleakage, an... more Objective This study aimed to investigate the microtensile bond strength (µTBS), microleakage, and antibacterial effect of bulk fill resin composite with alkaline fillers (alkasite) (alkaline fillers such as barium aluminum silicate glass and ytterbium trifluoride) in comparison to incremental nanohybrid resin composite. Materials and Methods µTBS was evaluated by using 30 human mandibular molars. Teeth were randomly divided into three groups (C): nanohybrid resin composite (C0), self-cured alkasite (C1), and dual-cured alkasite (C2). Each group was subdivided into two subgroups according to the bulk thickness: 4 mm (T1) and 6 mm (T2). The occlusal enamel of teeth was removed and the resin composite was applied to a flat dentin surface. Then, teeth were sectioned into beams to be tested under tension. For microleakage testing, mesio-occlusal class II cavities were prepared in 15 molars and divided into three groups as mentioned before. Following this, cavities were restored, thermoc...
This in-vitro study compared the Micro Shear bond strength of different adhesive systems to prepa... more This in-vitro study compared the Micro Shear bond strength of different adhesive systems to prepared specimens of sound, caries affected and sclerotic dentin. Materials and methods: A total of 90 freshly extracted human molar teeth were collected, 30 prepared for each type of dentin either sound, caries affected or sclerotic dentin. Every type of the prepared dentin groups was subdivided into five subgroups, each receive one of the tested adhesives (n=6). The teeth were embedded vertically in cylindrical Teflon mold of 2 cm height and 20 mm internal diameter using a chemically cured cross-linked acrylic resin, so as to have the full crown projecting above the surface of acrylic resin. Teeth were ground off using model trimmer with low speed and copious water coolant in direction perpendicular to the long axis of the tooth to expose the dentin surface. All the tested adhesive materials were applied on prepared dentin surface (Sound, carious, and sclerotic) together with resin composite material according to manufactures instructions. The prepared specimens were stored immediately in deionized water for 24 hours at 37°C before testing procedures. Micro shear bond strength (µSBS) was tested using the micro shear bond apparatus (DL200 Emic Sao Jose de Pinhas, PR, and Brazil). µSBS MPA= Shear force (N)/ cross sectional area (mm 2). Results: ANOVA was used for the effect of type of dentin and adhesive system used. Sound dentin showed the highest µSBS followed by carious dentin and at last came sclerotic dentin. For the adhesive system total etch showed the highest µSBS followed by two step self-etch with etch and rinse and two step self-etch and at last came one step self-etch with etch and rinse and one step self-etch. Conclusion: Total-etch adhesive revealed higher micro shear bond strength than self-etch adhesive irrespective of the type of dentin tested, in addition, the etch and rinse step improves micro shear bond strength of self-etch adhesive with different type of dentin.
A green, rapid, and efficient methodology is developed for the synthesis of 1-phenyl-3,5-pyrazoli... more A green, rapid, and efficient methodology is developed for the synthesis of 1-phenyl-3,5-pyrazolidinedione (3) by the reaction of malonic acid with phenyl hydrazine in the presence of phosphorous oxychloride under solvent-free conditions. The later compound 3 was used as a versatile precursor for green synthesis of chalcone derivatives (4a-h) and spiroheterocyclic compounds (5a-h) with good to excellent isolated yields. The chemical structures of the synthesized compounds were elucidated on the basis of elemental and spectral analyses.
Background: Dipeptidyl Peptidase I (DPPI) is one of the essential components which initiate chain... more Background: Dipeptidyl Peptidase I (DPPI) is one of the essential components which initiate chain reaction for triggering the inflammatory response mediated allergic diseases such as asthma. Previous studies have reported that several mutations have been detected within the dipeptidyl peptidase I gene (CTSC) cause Papillon-Lefévre syndrome. It has been suggested that a mutation in this gene could give protection against the inflammatory response in allergic diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate wither the polymorphism (rs217086 (T153I)) in the gene for DPPI may be protective in asthma. Methods: To examine possible associations of DPP1 polymorphism with asthma susceptibility, we performed this study. 341 families with at least two siblings with asthma were genotyped for a CTSC polymorphism using high resolution melting curve analysis. Genetic association analysis was analysed using family based association tests (FBAT) and resultant called genotypes were sequenced. Results: DNA sequence data confirmed all variant genotypes. Analysis by FBAT showed no significant association between this polymorphism and asthma susceptibility or with any of asthma-related phenotypes tested. Conclusions: Our data proved that DPPI does not contribute substantially to susceptibility for asthma. Further studies examining both genotypes and environmental factors will be necessary to elucidate the role of DPPI in the development of allergic diseases.
This paper describes a novel method for the removal of potassium tellurite (Te IV), a toxic tellu... more This paper describes a novel method for the removal of potassium tellurite (Te IV), a toxic tellurium (IV) compound, via its bioreduction using the drug flucloxacillin (Flx) in an aqueous sulfuric acid solution. The kinetics of the bioreduction process were monitored using UV-Vis absorption spectra at an ionic strength of 2.0 mol dm −3 and 298 K. The reaction between Te IV and Flx was set at a 1:1 stoichiometry. The reduction reaction followed first-order kinetics for [Flx] and fractional-first-order kinetics for [Te IV ] and [H + ]. The effects of ionic strength and relative permittivity of the reaction medium were also explored. Supplementation with divalent transition metal ions enhanced the reduction rate. The reaction products were identified, in order of their stoichiometric results, spot tests and FT-IR spectra as 3-(2-chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-5-methylisoxazol-4-carbocylic acid, 5,5-dimethyl-thiazolidine-2,4-dicarboxlic acid, ammonium ion, carbon dioxide and elemental tellurium (Te 0). The reaction rate dependence on temperature was studied, and the activation and thermodynamic parameters were assessed and discussed. The derived rate-law expression was found to be in excellent accordance with the acquired investigational outcomes. A conceivable reaction mechanism has been provided, which includes a reaction between the protonated flucloxacillin (Flx +) and tellurous acid (H 2 TeO 3) as the essential reactive species, resulting in the construction of an intermediate complex. Such complex decays in the rate-determining step to yield the final reaction products.
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Papers by Ahmed Fawzy